Chapter 12

Sankalp Bharat
The p-Block Elements (Part – B)

1. Match List I with List II: (a) Both Statement I and Statement II are
List I List II correct.
(Oxoacids of sulphur) (Bonds) (b) Both Statement I and Statement II are
Peroxodisulphuric 1. Two S-OH, incorrect.
A. (c) Statement I is correct but Statement II
acid Four S=O,
One S-O-S is incorrect.
(d) Statement I is incorrect but Statement II
B. Sulphuric acid 2. Two S-OH, is correct.
One S=O
4. Noble gases are named because of their
C. Pyrosulphuric 3. Two S-OH, inertness towards reactivity. Identify an
acid Four S=O, incorrect statement about them. (2021)
One S-O-O-S (a) Noble gases have very high melting and
boiling points
D. Sulphurous acid 4. Two S-OH,
Two S=O (b) Noble gases have weak dispersion forces
(c) Noble gases have large positive values of
Choose the correct answer from the options electron gain enthalpy
given below: (2023) (d) Noble gases are sparingly soluble in
(a) A-3, B-4, C-1, D-2 water
(b) A-1, B-3, C-4, D-2 5. Statement-I : Acid strength increases in
(c) A-3, B-4, C-2, D-1 the order given as HF << HCl << HBr << HI.
(d) A-1, B-3, C-2, D-4 Statement-II : As the size of the elements
2. Which of the following reactions is part of F, Cl, Br, I increases down the group, the
the large-scale industrial preparation of bond strength of HF, HCl, HBr and HI
nitric acid? (2022) decreases and so the acid strength
Pt increases.
(a) Cu(NO3)2 + 2NO2 + 2H2O →
500 K,9 bar In the light of the above statements, choose
4HNO3 + Cu the correct answer from the options given
Pt
(b) NaNO3 + H2SO4 → NaHSO4 + below. (2021)
500 K,9 bar
(a) Both statement I and statement II are
HNO3
Pt
false
(c) 4NH3 + 5O2(from air) → 4NO + (b) Statement I in correct but statement II
500 K,9 bar
6H2O is false
Pt (c) Statement I is incorrect but statement II
(d) 4HPO3 + 2N2O5 → 4HNO3 + P4O10 is true
500 K,9 bar
(d) Both statement I and statement II are
3. Given below are two statements
Statement I: The boiling points of the true
following hydrides of group 16 elements 6. In which one of the following arrangements
increases in the order- the given sequence is not strictly according
H2O < H2S < H2Se < H2Te to the properties indicated against it?
Statement II: The boiling points of these (2021)
hydrides increase with increase in molar (a) H2O < H2S < H2Se < H2Te : Increasing
mass. pKa values
In the light of the above statements, choose (b) NH3 < PH3 < AsH3 < SbH3 : Increasing
the most appropriate answer from the acidic character
options given below: (2022) (c) CO2 < SiO2 < SnO2 < PbO2 : Increasing
oxidizing power
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 (d) HF < HCl < HBr < HI : Increasing acidic (d) A-(ii), B-(iii), C-(i), D-(iv)
strength 13. Match the Xenon compounds in Column-I
7. Urea reacts with water to form A which will with its structure in Column-II and assign
decompose to form B. B when passed the correct code: (2019)
through Cu2+ (aq), deep blue colour solution Column I Column II
C is formed. What is the formula of C from
the following? (2020) A. XeF4 (i) Pyramidal
(a) [𝐶𝑢(𝑁𝐻3 )4 ]2+
B. XeF6 (ii) Square planar
(b) 𝐶𝑢(𝑂𝐻)2 XeOF4 (iii) Distorted
C.
(c) 𝐶𝑢𝐶𝑂3 ∙ 𝐶𝑢(𝑂𝐻)2 octahedral
(d) 𝐶𝑢𝑆𝑂4
D. XeO3 (iv) Square pyramidal
8. Which of the following oxoacid of sulphur
has – O – O – linkage? (2020) Code :
(a) H2SO4, sulphuric acid A B C D
(b) H2S2O8, peroxodisulphuric acid (a) (i) (ii) (iii) (iv)
(c) H2S2O7, pyrosulphuric acid (b) (ii) (iii) (iv) (i)
(d) H2SO3, sulphorous acid (c) (ii) (iii) (i) (iv)
(d) (iii) (iv) (i) (ii)
9. The reaction of concentrated sulphuric acid
with carbohydrates (C12H22O11) is an 14. Which is the correct thermal stability order
example of (2020 Covid Re-NEET) for H2E (E = O, S, Se, Te and Po)? (2019)
(a) Oxidation (a) 𝐻2 𝑆 < 𝐻2 𝑂 < 𝐻2 𝑆𝑒 < 𝐻2 𝑇𝑒 < 𝐻2 𝑃𝑜
(b) Reduction (b) 𝐻2 𝑂 < 𝐻2 𝑆 < 𝐻2 𝑆𝑒 < 𝐻2 𝑇𝑒 < 𝐻2 𝑃𝑜
(c) Sulphonation (c) 𝐻2 𝑃𝑜 < 𝐻2 𝑇𝑒 < 𝐻2 𝑆𝑒 < 𝐻2 𝑆 < 𝐻2 𝑂
(d) Dehydration (d) 𝐻2 𝑆𝑒 < 𝐻2 𝑇𝑒 < 𝐻2 𝑃𝑜 < 𝐻2 𝑂 < 𝐻2 𝑆

10. Which one of the following reactions does 15. Match the following: (2019)
not come under hydrolysis type reaction? Column I Column II
(2020 Covid Re-NEET) Pure (i) Chlorine
A.
(a) 𝐿𝑖3 𝑁(𝑠) + 3𝐻2 𝑂(𝑙) → 𝑁𝐻3 (𝑠) + 3𝐿𝑖𝑂𝐻(𝑎𝑞) nitrogen
(b) 2𝐹2 (𝑔) + 2𝐻2 𝑂(𝑙) → 4𝐻𝐹(𝑎𝑞) + 𝑂2 (𝑔) Haber (ii) Sulphuric acid
B.
(c) 𝑃4 𝑃10 (𝑠) + 6𝐻2 𝑂(𝑙) → 4𝐻3 𝑃𝑂4 (𝑎𝑞) process
(d) 𝑆𝑖𝐶𝑙4 (𝑙) + 2𝐻2 𝑂(𝑙) → 𝑆𝑖𝑂2 (𝑠) + 4𝐻𝐶𝑙(𝑎𝑞) Contact (iii) Ammonia
C.
11. Among the compounds shown below which process
one revealed a linear structure? D. Deacon’s (iv) Sodium azide or
(2020 Covid Re-NEET) process Barium azide
(a) HOCl
Which of the following is the correct option?
(b) O3
A B C D
(c) N2O
(a) (i) (ii) (iii) (iv)
(d) NO2
(b) (ii) (iv) (i) (iii)
12. Match the compounds of Xe in column I (c) (iii) (iv) (ii) (i)
with the molecular structure in column II. (d) (iv) (iii) (ii) (i)
(2020 Covid Re-NEET)
16. The correct order of N-compounds in its
Column I Column II
decreasing order of oxidation states is
A. XeF2 (i) Square planar (2018)
XeF4 (ii) Linear (a) HNO3, NO, N2, NH4Cl
B.
(b) HNO3, NO, NH4Cl, N2
C. XeO3 (iii) Square pyramidal
(c) NH4Cl, N2, NO, HNO3
D. XeOF4 (iv) Pyramidal (d) HNO3, NH4Cl, NO, N2
(a) A-(ii), B-(i), C-(iv), D-(iii) 17. Which of the following statements is not
(b) A-(ii), B-(i0, C-(iii), D-(iv) true for halogens? (2018)
(c) A-(ii), B-(iv), C-(iii), D-(i) (a) All form monobasic oxyacids

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 (b) All are oxidizing agents 23. Which of the following absorbs carbon
(c) Chlorine has the highest electron-gain dioxide and releases oxygen?
enthalpy (2017-Gujarat)
(d) All but fluorine show positive oxidation (a) K2O
states (b) CaO
18. In thew structure of ClF3, the number of (c) KO2
lone pair of electrons on central atom ‘Cl’ is (d) KOH
(2018) 24. Which of the following pairs shows highest
(a) One bond dissociation enthalpy among halogens
(b) Two and lowest bond dissociation enthalpy
(c) Three among hydrogen halides?
(d) Four (2017-Gujarat)
19. Which oxide of nitrogen is not a common (a) I2, HI
pollutant introduced into the atmosphere (b) F2, HF
both due to natural and human activity? (c) Cl2, HF
(2018) (d) Br2, HBr
(a) N2O5 25. Strong reducing behaviour of H3PO2 is due
(b) NO2 to : (2017-Gujarat)
(c) NO (a) Low coordination number of P
(d) N2O (b) Low oxidation state of P
20. Which of the following pairs of compounds (c) Presence of one – OH group and two P –
is isoelectronic and isostructural? H bonds
(2017-Delhi) (d) Presence of two – OH groups and one P
(a) 𝐼𝐹3 , 𝑋𝑒𝐹2 – H bond
(b) 𝐵𝑒𝐶𝑙2 , 𝑋𝑒𝐹2
(c) 𝑇𝑒𝑙2 , 𝑋𝑒𝐹2 26. Among halogens, the one which can oxidise
(d) 𝐼𝐵𝑟2− , 𝑋𝑒𝐹2 water to oxygen is : (2017-Gujarat)
(a) Iodine
21. Match the interhalogen compounds of (b) chlorine
column I with the geometry in column II and (c) Bromine
assign the correct code: (2017-Delhi) (d) Fluorine
Column I Column II
27. The correct geometry and hybridization for
A. 𝑋𝑋′ (i) T-shape XeF4 are : (2016-II)
B. 𝑋𝑋3′ (ii) Pentagonal (a) Planar triangle, sp3d3
bipyramidal (b) Square planar, sp3d2
𝑋𝑋5′ (iii) Linear (c) Octahedral, sp3d2
C. (d) Trigonal bipyramidal, sp3d
D. 𝑋𝑋7′ (iv) Square-pyramidal
28. Match the compound given in column I with
(v) Tetrahedral the hybridization and shape given in
Code: column II and mark the correct option.
A B C D (2016-I)
(a) (iv) (iii) (ii) (i) Column I Column II
(b) (iii) (iv) (i) (ii) XeF6 (i) Distorted
A.
(c) (iii) (i) (iv) (ii) octahedral
(d) (v) (iv) (iii) (ii)
B. XeO3 (ii) Square planar
22. In which pair of ions both the species XeOF4 (iii) Pyramidal
contain S–S bond? (2017-Delhi) C.
2−
(a) 𝑆4 𝑂6 , 𝑆2 𝑂7 2− D. XeF4 (iv) Square pyramidal
(b) 𝑆2 𝑂72− , 𝑆2 𝑂32− Code:
(c) 𝑆4 𝑂62− , 𝑆2 𝑂32− A B C D
(d) 𝑆2 𝑂72− , 𝑆2 𝑂82− (a) (iv) (i) (ii) (iii)
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 (b) (i) (iii) (iv) (ii) (c) There is strong hydrogen bonding
(c) (i) (ii) (iv) (iii) between HF molecules
(d) (iv) (iii) (i) (ii) (d) The bond energy of HF molecules is
29. Which one of the following orders is correct greater than in other hydrogen halides
for the bond dissociation enthalpy of 35. In which of the following pairs, both the
halogen molecules? (2016-I) species are not isostructural? (2015 Re)
(a) F2 > Cl2 > Br2 > I2 (a) XeF4, XeO4
(b) I2 > Br2 > Cl2 > F2 (b) SiCl4, PCl+
4
(c) Cl2 > Br2 > F2 > I2 (c) Diamond, silicon carbode
(d) Br2 > I2 > F2 > Cl2 (d) NH3, PH3

30. Among the following, the correct order of 36. Which of the statements given below is
acidity is: (2016-I) incorrect? (2015 Re)
(a) HClO4 < HClO2 < HClO < HClO3 (a) O3 molecule is bent
(b) HClO3 < HClO4 < HClO2 < HClO (b) ONF is isoelectronic with O2N–
(c) HClO < HClO2 < HClO3 < HClO4 (c) OF2 is an oxide of fluorine
(d) HClO2 < HClO < HClO3 < HClO4 (d) Cl2O7 is an anhydride of perchloric acid

31. Which is the correct statement for the given 37. Nitrogen dioxide and sulphur dioxide have
acids? (2016-I) some properties in common. Which
(a) Phosphinic acid is a diprotic acid while property is shown by one of these
phosphonic acid is a monoprotic acid compounds, but not by the other? (2015)
(b) Phosphinic acid is a monoprotic acid (a) Is soluble in water
while phosphonic acid is a diprotic acid (b) Is used as a food preservtive
(c) Both are diprotic acids (c) Forms ‘acid-rain’
(d) Both are triprotic acids (d) Is a reducing agent

32. When copper is heated with conc. HNO3 it 38. Acidity of diprotic acids in aqueous
produces: (2016-I) solutions increases in the order: (2014)
(a) Cu(NO3)2 and N2O (a) H2Se < H2S < H2Te
(b) Cu(NO3)2 and NO2 (b) H2Te < H2S < H2Se
(c) Cu(NO3)2 and NO (c) H2Se < H2Te < H2S
(d) Cu(NO3)2, NO and NO2 (d) H2S < H2Se < H2Te

33. Strong reducing behaviour of H3PO2 is due 39. XeF2 is isostructural with: (2013)
to : (2015 Re) (a) TeF2
(a) Presence of two –OH groups and one P– (b) ICl−
2
H bond (c) SbCl3
(b) Presence of one –OH group and two P–H (d) BaCl2
bonds 40. Which of the following does not give oxygen
(c) High electron gain enthalpy of on heating? (2013)
phosphorus (a) KClO3
(d) High oxidation state of phosphorus (b) Zn(ClO3)2
34. The variation of the boiling points of the (c) K2Cr2O7
hydrogen halides is in the order HF > HI > (d) (NH4)2Cr2O7
HBr > HCl. What explains the higher boiling 41. Which is the strongest acid in the following?
point of hydrogen fluoride? (2015 Re) (2013)
(a) The effect of nuclear shielding is much (a) H2SO4
reduced in fluorine which polarizes the (b) HClO3
HF molecule (c) HClO4
(b) The electronegativity of fluorine is much (d) H2SO3
higher than for other elements in the
group

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 Answer Key
S1. Ans. (a) S26. Ans. (d)

S2. Ans. (c) S27. Ans. (c)

S3. Ans. (b) S28. Ans. (b)

S4. Ans. (a) S29. Ans. (c)

S5. Ans. (d) S30. Ans. (c)

S6. Ans. (a) S31. Ans. (b)

S7. Ans. (a) S32. Ans. (b)

S8. Ans. (b) S33. Ans. (b)

S9. Ans. (d) S34. Ans. (c)

S10. Ans. (b) S35. Ans. (a)

S11. Ans. (c) S36. Ans. (c)

S12. Ans. (a) S37. Ans. (b)

S13. Ans. (b) S38. Ans. (d)

S14. Ans. (c) S39. Ans. (b)

S15. Ans. (d) S40. Ans. (d)

S16. Ans. (a) S41. Ans. (c)

S17. Ans. (a)

S18. Ans. (b)

S19. Ans. (a)

S20. Ans. (d)

S21. Ans. (c)

S22. Ans. (c)

S23. Ans. (c)

S24. Ans. (c)

S25. Ans. (c)

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 Solutions
S1. Ans. (a) S6. Ans.(a)
Order of pKa is H2O > H2S > H2Se > H2Te
S7. Ans.(a)

S8. Ans.(b)

Peroxodisulphuric acid H2S2O8, has –O–

O– linkage
S2. Ans. (c) S9. Ans.(d)
Pt
4NH3 + 5O2(from air) → 4NO + Concentrated sulphuric acid is a strong
500 K,9 bar
6H2O dehydrating agent and it readily
dehydrate carbohydrates into carbon
2NO(g) + O2(g) ⇌ 2NO2(g)
2𝐶12 𝐻22 𝑂11 + 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑐. 𝐻2 𝑆𝑂4 (𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑐) →
3NO2(g) + H2O(l) ⟶ 2HNO3(aq) + NO(g)
This is industrial method of preparation 12𝐶 + 11𝐻2 𝑂
of nitric acid. The reaction of concentrated sulphuric
S3. Ans. (b) acid with carbohydrates (C12H22O11) is
an example of dehydration.
Compound Boiling point (K)
S10. Ans.(b)
H 2O 373
Reaction of F2 with H2O gives products
H 2S 213
HF(aq) and O2(g) in which fluorine
H2Se 232 oxidizes water into oxygen that does not
H2Te 269 come under hydrolysis type reaction.
• The boiling points of these hybrids not S11. Ans.(c)
exactly with increase in molar mass. N2O has linear, unsymmetrical
• H2O has maximum boiling point due structure
to intermolecular hydrogen bonding.
S4. Ans.(a)
Noble gases have weak dispersion forces
so they have low melting and boiling
points.
S5. Ans.(d)
The correct order of acidic strength is
HI > HBr > HCl > HF
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S12. Ans.(a) S16. Ans.(a)

Hence, the correct option is (a).

S17. Ans.(a)
All halogens show +ve and –ve oxidation
state while F show –ve oxidation state.
Due to high electronegativity and small
size, F forms only one oxoacid, HOF
known as Fluoric (I) acid. Oxidation
number of F is +1 in HOF.
S18. Ans.(b)
S13. Ans.(b) The structure of ClF3 is

The number of lone pair of electrons on

central Cl is 2.
S19. Ans.(a)

S20. Ans.(d)

S14. Ans.(c)
Thermal stability order for H2E decrease S21. Ans.(c)
down the group because H–E bond
energy decreases on going down the
group.
∴ Order of stability would be :
H2Po < H2Te < H2Se < H2S < H2O
S15. Ans.(d)
(a) Pure nitrogen : Sodium azide or
Barium azide
(b) Haber : Ammonia
(c) Contact processs : Sulphuric acid
(d) Deacon’s process : Chlorine

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S22. Ans.(c) S29. Ans.(c)
Bond dissociation energy of halogen
family decreases down the group as the
size of the atom increases. The bond
S23. Ans.(c) dissociation energy of fluorine is,
KO2 absorb CO2 and release oxygen. however, lower than that of chlorine and
bromine because of inter electronic
2𝐾𝑂2 + 𝐶𝑂2 → 𝐾2 𝐶𝑂3 + 3/2𝑂2 repulsions present in the small atom of
S24. Ans.(c) fluorine.
Cl2 : Have highest bond dissociation
enthalpy because Cl2 > Br2 > F2 > I2 bond Hence bond energy decreases in the
dissociation enthalpy. order:
HF : Have highest bond dissociation 𝐶𝑙2 > 𝐵𝑟2 > 𝐹2 > 𝐼2
enthalpy because
1 S30. Ans.(c)
Bond dissociation enthalpy ∝ Bond length
Correct order of acidity among oxo –
S25. Ans.(c)
acids of Cl is HClO4 > HClO3 > HClO2 >
HClO because the oxidation number of
central atom increases, acidic nature
increases.
Strong reducing behaviour of H3PO2 is S31. Ans.(b)
due to presence of 1 –OH group and 2 Phosphinic acid (Hypophosphorous acid)
P–H group. is a monoprotic acid (H3PO3).
S26. Ans.(d)
Fluorine is the most electronegative
element of the periodic table. Therefore,
it can oxidise water to oxygen.
While phosphonic acid –
2𝐹2 + 2𝐻2 𝑂 → 4𝐻𝐹 + 𝑂2 .
is a diprotic acid.
S27. Ans.(c)
S32. Ans.(b)
𝐶𝑢 + 𝐻𝑁𝑂3 (𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑐. ) → 𝐶𝑢(𝑁𝑂3 )2 +
(𝐵𝑟𝑜𝑤𝑛 𝑔𝑎𝑠)

2𝑁𝑂2 + 𝐻2 𝑂
XeF4 is a AB4L2 type molecule with 4 –
bond pair and 2 lone pair. Octahedral With HNO3 (dil) gives NO gas.
geometry and shape is square planar
with hybridization sp3d2. S33. Ans.(b)
S28. Ans.(b) In H3PO2, presence of 2H makes H3PO2
a reducing agent.

S34. Ans.(c)
Fluorine forms strongest hydrogen bond
among all halogens.

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S35. Ans.(a) S41. Ans.(c)
HClO4 is the strongest acid, as it has
greater number of ‘O’ atoms, so more e–s
will be pulled away from O–H bond and
more this bond will be weakened.
Between H2SO4 and HClO4, HClO4 is
strong because perchlorate ion formed
by removal of hydrogen atom is more
stabilized than sulphate ion as negative
charge is more dispersed in perchlorate
S36. Ans.(c) ion.
OF2 (oxygen difluoride) is a fluoride of
oxygen because fluorine is more
electronegative than oxygen.
S37. Ans.(b)
NO2 is not used as a food preservative.

S38. Ans.(d)
Order for acidity is H2S < H2Se < H2Te,
as we move down the group atomic
radius of atom increases because of
which size also increases and bond
dissociation enthalpy decreases and
such atoms can easily furnish H+ in
aqueous medium.
S39. Ans.(b)
XeF2 is isostructural with ICl−
2

Sp3d hybridization and linear geometry

S40. Ans.(d)
Heating of ammonium dichromate yields
nitrogen:
It is a laboratory preparation for
nitrogen.
∆
(𝑁𝐻4 )2 𝐶𝑟2 𝑂7 → 𝑁2 + 𝐶𝑟2 𝑂3 + 𝐻2 𝑂
∆
2𝐾𝐶𝑙𝑂3 → 2𝐾𝐶𝑙 + 3𝑂2
∆
𝑍𝑛(𝐶𝑙𝑂3 )2 → 𝑍𝑛𝐶𝑙2 + 3𝑂2
∆ 3
𝐾2 𝐶𝑟2 𝑂7 → 2𝐾2 𝐶𝑟𝑂4 + 𝐶𝑟2 𝑂2 + 2 𝑂2

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