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Theoretical and Conceptual Framework

The document outlines the theoretical and conceptual frameworks essential for research, detailing their definitions, purposes, and components. It explains how to create a theoretical framework by specifying research objectives and identifying relevant theories, while also describing the process of developing a conceptual framework that illustrates the relationships between study variables. Additionally, it emphasizes the importance of visual diagrams and models in summarizing concepts and relationships within research.

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15 views13 pages

Theoretical and Conceptual Framework

The document outlines the theoretical and conceptual frameworks essential for research, detailing their definitions, purposes, and components. It explains how to create a theoretical framework by specifying research objectives and identifying relevant theories, while also describing the process of developing a conceptual framework that illustrates the relationships between study variables. Additionally, it emphasizes the importance of visual diagrams and models in summarizing concepts and relationships within research.

Uploaded by

geysablamante77
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Theoretical

and
Conceptual
Framework
Theoretical
Framework
What is it?
•A foundational review of existing theories.
•Serves as a roadmap or blueprint for developing
arguments and supporting research.
•Overview of the theory that the research is based on.
•Can be made up of theories, principles, and concepts.
What does it do?
•Explains the why and how of a particular phenomenon within a
particular body of literature.
•Connects the research subject with the theory.
•Specifies the study’s scope; makes it more valuable and generalizable.
•Guides further actions like framing the research questions, developing
the literature review, and data collection and analyses.
What should be in it?
•Theory or theories that the researcher considers
relevant for their research, principles, and
concepts.
How to make a theoretical framework
•Specify research objectives.
•Note the prominent variables under the study.
•Explore and review the literature through keywords identified
as prominent variables.
•Note the theories that contain these variables or the
keywords.
How to make a theoretical framework
•Review all selected theories again in the light of the study’s objectives, and the
key variables identified.
•Search for alternative theoretical propositions in the literature that may
challenge the ones already selected.
•Ensure that the framework aligns with the study’s objectives, problem
statement, the main research question, methodology, data analysis, and the
expected conclusion.
•Decide on the final framework and begin developing.
Conceptual
Framework
What is it?
A conceptual framework shows the relationship
between the variables of your study. It includes a
visual diagram or a model that summarizes the
concepts of your study and a narrative explanation
of the model presented.
How to make a conceptual framework
1. Identify the Important Variables of Your Study
There are two essential variables that you must identify in your study: the
independent and the dependent variables.
2. Think About How the Variables Are Related
Usually, the variables of a study have a direct relationship. If a change in one of your
variables leads to a corresponding change in another, they might have this kind of
relationship.
However, note that having a direct relationship between variables does not mean they
already have a cause-and-effect relationship2. It takes statistical analysis to prove causation
between variables.
How to make a conceptual framework
3. Analyze and Determine Other Influencing Variables

Consider analyzing if other variables can affect the relationship between your independent
and dependent variables

4. Create a Visual Diagram or a Model

Now that you’ve identified the variables and their relationship, you may create a visual
diagram summarizing them.

Usually, shapes such as rectangles, circles, and arrows are used for the model. You may
create a visual diagram or model for your conceptual framework in different ways. The three
most common models are the independent-dependent variable model, the input-process-
output (IPO) model, and concept maps.
Conceptual Framework in Qualitative Research

You can follow the same step-by-step guide discussed previously


to create a conceptual framework for qualitative research.
However, note that you should avoid using one-way arrows as they
may indicate causation. Qualitative research cannot prove
causation since it uses only descriptive and narrative analysis to
relate variables.
Conceptual Framework in Qualitative Research
Here is an example of a conceptual framework in qualitative research:

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