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Chem Notes22

Matter is composed of particles such as molecules, atoms, or ions, and has been a subject of speculation since ancient Greek philosophy. The Greeks proposed concepts like the continuity and discontinuity of matter, leading to the idea that matter consists of indivisible particles called atoms. The document also discusses the properties of matter, its states (solid, liquid, gas, plasma), and introduces advanced states like Bose-Einstein and fermionic condensates.

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26 views8 pages

Chem Notes22

Matter is composed of particles such as molecules, atoms, or ions, and has been a subject of speculation since ancient Greek philosophy. The Greeks proposed concepts like the continuity and discontinuity of matter, leading to the idea that matter consists of indivisible particles called atoms. The document also discusses the properties of matter, its states (solid, liquid, gas, plasma), and introduces advanced states like Bose-Einstein and fermionic condensates.

Uploaded by

whenagaerlan
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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MATTER

All kinds of matter are particulate


in nature.

These particles maybe in the form


of molecules, atoms, or ions.

Atoms are the building blocks


INORGANIC of
CHEMISTRY
matter.

Matter
These are the views of ancient greek philosophers Lorem
in matter: ipsum dolor
● Matter is anything that occupies space and sit amet,
volume. consectetur
● Ancient greek philosophers were the first Lorem
speculate the nature of matter. ipsum dolor
● They only speculated on the nature of
materials around them as they were not able to conduct experiment that
will validate their assumption.

Ancient Views on matter


Materials are made up of one primal matter.

Aristotle
suggested
that all space
is filled up
with matter,
thus, implying
Continuity of matter

● Since matter is not void , this means that it is divisible and can be cut into
pieces over and over again.
● This started the principle of continuity of matter, wherein matter can be broken
down into pieces and as you do so , you will not be able to obtainits smallest
parts.
The Greek Concept of Atom
● Leucippus (student) and democritus (teacher) thought that all material are
made up of tiny bits of matter which cannot be divided further.
● Greeks referred to this as atom
● Greek word atomos means Indivisible.
● Ancient greek philosopher were the first speculate the nature of matter by
providing different assumption of what it is made of.
● The idea of democritus paved the way in establishing that matter is made up of
particles instead of a primal material.

Discontinuity matter
● Matter is made up of particles instead of a primal material.

Empty Space Between Particles

● The particles that make up the matterhave spaces in between them.


● These spaces may be little or huge, depending on the kind of matter.
Motion Of Particles

The spaces between particles dictate the kind of movement that particles in matter can
do.

Forces Between Particles

● Intermolecular Forces or forces that exist between particles msybe attractive or


repulsive.
● The water particles (Inside) attract one another.
● The water particles (outside) repel one another.
PARTICULATE NATURE OF THE
THREE STATES OF MATTER

All matter is made up


of small particles that
behave in different
ways to give rise to
the different properties
of solid, liquid, gases
and plasma.

The Three States Of Matter


Three States Of Matter Characteristic Diagram
Solid ● has definite shape
and volume
● has particles that
are packed closely
together and
usually arranged in
a regular pattern
● Particles are rigid
and close to each
other

Lquid ● has definite volume,


but has no fixed
shape
● has particles that
can move and are
in close contact

Gas ● has no definite


volume and
shape
● has particles
that are widely
separated

Plasma ● has no definite


volume and
shape
● has charged
particles that
are widely
separated

BOSE- ENSTIEN CONDENSATE


❖ Has no definite volume and appears when scientists refrigerated
particles called bosons in a very low temperature

FERMIONIC
CONDENSATE

● Superfluid phase formed by fermionic particles at low temperatures.


PROPERTIES OF MATTER
MATTER is
anything that Mass
occupies space and
has mass. Materials that are compact
have relatively greater mass than
those with a hollow interior

Weight

General properties It is the measure of force


of matter
mass,
volume
Weight
Density
Specific
Gravity

Density

● It is the ratio between mass and volume. It is expressed in kilograms


per cubic meter(kg/m3) or grams per cubic centimeter (g/cm3). It
tells how compact an object is. An object with greater mass has more
compact particles than the lighter ones.

Specific Gravity

● It is the ratio of a substance’s to a standard substance. It is also


known as relative density. It is a dimensionless quantity.
Periodic Table of
Elements

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