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Writing Guide

The document provides guidelines for writing tasks related to charts, maps, and processes in an academic context. It emphasizes the importance of paraphrasing, structuring paragraphs, and using appropriate vocabulary and tenses. Additionally, it outlines how to analyze data, compare information, and effectively summarize key points in both Writing Task 1 and Writing Task 2.

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Hiếu Phạm Minh
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3 views9 pages

Writing Guide

The document provides guidelines for writing tasks related to charts, maps, and processes in an academic context. It emphasizes the importance of paraphrasing, structuring paragraphs, and using appropriate vocabulary and tenses. Additionally, it outlines how to analyze data, compare information, and effectively summarize key points in both Writing Task 1 and Writing Task 2.

Uploaded by

Hiếu Phạm Minh
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Writing Task 1

CHARTS
Analysis
Before going into writing, analyze this first. This information will help you with paraphrasing as well as
dividing the body paragraph.

● Type of charts
● What is being measured
● Units
● Categories
● Year
● Time period
Intro
Paraphrase the topic sentence of the given task. How to paraphrase:
● Add information
● Use synonyms
● Rearrange words order

You can use one of these methods, but it’s best if you combine them. The analysis above is used for
adding information in the paraphrase.

Overview
● If the chart has a TIME PERIOD, you should write about the TREND in the overview
(upward trend, downward trend)
● If the chart DOESN’T HAVE A TIME PERIOD, write about SIGNIFICANT INFORMATION
(the biggest, the smallest, etc)

DO NOT INCLUDE NUMBERS AND DATA. IT’S NOT WRONG BUT UNNECESSARY.

Body
You can use the categories in the analysis to divide the body. It’s okay if you write one big
paragraph, but it’s better to divide them into smaller paragraphs, ideally 2. IT’S VERY
IMPORTANT to choose how to divide your paragraph, since it will affect how you describe and
compare the data.
Here is where to describe and compare the data given. There are certain vocabularies to assist
you:
DESCRIBE DATA
COMPARE DATA
There are 3 ways to compare the data: >, <, and =.
Use MATH to compare the data:

● +: Vietnam consumes 300 tons of rice yearly, 50 tons more than their neighboring
countries.
● -: The neighboring countries of Vietnam consume about 250 tons of rice yearly, around
50 tons less than that of Vietnam.
● X: Vietnam consumes 300 tons of rice yearly, twice as much as the USA.
● /: The US consumes around 150 tons of rice yearly, half as much as the number in
Vietnam
Remember to use different structures to make your writing less repetitive.
If there is too much information, you should avoid describing every single one. Try to group
them together, or only report significant details.
MAPS
There are 2 forms of maps: Single Maps and Multiple Maps. We will only be talking about
Multiple Maps. There are 4 types of Multiple Maps:

● Past – Past (Past Simple – Past Simple)


● Past – Present (Past Simple – Present Perfect)
● Present – Future (Present Simple – Future Simple)

According to the types of maps, appropriate tenses should be used.

Intro
Paraphrase, similar to CHARTS.

Overview
Only write about the biggest changes of the maps, and/or how much the map has changed (a
lot or little).
Writing overviews in Maps can be repetitive, so you can remember certain phrases to write in
most of the Maps exercises. For example, if the maps describe the changes made to a
city/town/village, you can say:
- “Overall, the city/town/village underwent (tenses depending on the type of maps)
major changes, especially to its facilities and infrastructure.”
However, if the maps describe changes made to a room or something small inside a building,
the above sentence would not be applicable.

Body
● Body 1: Describe the first map, use the correct tenses. You should go in order, from East
to West, from North to South. It’s not a must, but it helps you to not miss any details.
● Body 2: Describe the changes in the second map, USE PASSIVE VOICE.

There are 2 types of vocab you need for this exercise: DIRECTIONS + POSITIONS and CHANGES
DIRECTIONS + POSITIONS

CHANGES

Refer to THIS LINK for more in-depth information.


PROCESS/DIAGRAM/CYCLES
There are 2 types of processes:
- Man-made (PASSIVE VOICE)

- Natural (ACTIVE VOICE)


Intro + Overview
You can also divide them into 2 other types: Cycle or Linear. The intro is similar across all types
of Writing Task 1: Paraphrase
There are 2 things you need to include in the overview:
- How many steps/stages
- What the first and last step are
Eg:

The diagram illustrates the linear


process of producing instant
noodles. Overall, there are eight
steps in total, beginning with storing
flour in silos and ending with
labeling and sealing.

Body
The body is straightforward. There should be 2 paragraphs. Remember to use your own words
in combination with the information given to you in the diagram. There is only one main type of
vocab that you should focus on: SEQUENCING. At the end of the body, if the process is a cycle,
add something like this: “then the cycle continues.”
Writing Task 2
Intro
● Background statement: a paraphrase of the question in the given topic
● Thesis statement: your main points

Eg: Many people believe that students should wear uniforms going to school. Although there
are certain advantages of wearing uniform, some drawbacks are worth considering.

Body
● Topic sentence: what is the main point of this paragraph
● Supporting sentences:
o Examples
o Statistics
o Quotations
You should divide your paragraph by using the thesis statement. If you read my thesis
statement in red above, you will know that in Body 1 I will write about the advantages, and
disadvantages in Body 2.

Conclusion
● A summary of the main points you made in your paragraphs

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