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Networks Lect 05

The document provides an overview of data communications and networks, defining key components such as messages, senders, receivers, mediums, and protocols. It discusses various network topologies, types of networks (LAN, WAN, MAN), and criteria for evaluating networks, including performance, reliability, and security. Additionally, it includes exam questions related to these concepts, covering multiple-choice, short answer, and long-form responses.

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11 views4 pages

Networks Lect 05

The document provides an overview of data communications and networks, defining key components such as messages, senders, receivers, mediums, and protocols. It discusses various network topologies, types of networks (LAN, WAN, MAN), and criteria for evaluating networks, including performance, reliability, and security. Additionally, it includes exam questions related to these concepts, covering multiple-choice, short answer, and long-form responses.

Uploaded by

contactshahkaar
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Networks

1. Data Communications

• Definition: Exchange of data between devices via a transmission medium (e.g.,


wire, cable).

• Components:

o Message: Information to be communicated.

o Sender: Device sending the message.

o Receiver: Device receiving the message.

o Medium: Pathway through which the message travels.

o Protocol: Rules governing data communication.

2. Networks

• Definition: A set of devices (nodes) connected by communication links.

• Types of Nodes:

o End Devices: Computers, printers, etc.

o Network Devices: Routers, switches, modems.

• Transmission Media:

o Wired: Cat5e, Cat6, Optical fiber.

o Wireless: Radio waves, microwaves, infrared.

3. Network Criteria

• Performance: Measured in delay and throughput.

• Reliability: Robustness and availability of the network.

• Security: Protection against errors and malicious users.

4. Physical Structures

• Connections:

o Point-to-Point: Single transmitter and receiver.

o Multipoint: Multiple recipients.


• Topologies:

o Mesh: High redundancy but costly.

o Star: Centralized, reliable, but dependent on the central device.

o Bus: Low cost, easy to troubleshoot, but prone to failure.

o Ring: Sequential connectivity, but single-point failure is possible.

o Hybrid: Combines two or more topologies.

5. Categories of Networks

• LAN: Local Area Network for short distances.

• WAN: Wide Area Network for long distances.

• MAN: Metropolitan Area Network for cities/campuses.

Final Exam Paper

Section A: MCQs (10 Marks)

1. Data communication refers to:

o A) Sending images between computers.

o B) Exchange of data between devices via a transmission medium.

o C) Creating protocols for networks.

o D) Installing new hardware.

Answer: B

2. Which topology uses a central hub?

o A) Mesh

o B) Ring

o C) Star

o D) Bus

Answer: C

3. What is a characteristic of a Point-to-Point WAN?


o A) Centralized network.

o B) Shared communication line.

o C) Dedicated private connection.

o D) Dynamic routing.

Answer: C

4. A hybrid topology:

o A) Is a combination of two or more topologies.

o B) Is the most cost-effective topology.

o C) Uses only wired media.

o D) Does not allow expansion.

Answer: A

5. What measures the reliability of a network?

o A) Delay

o B) Throughput

o C) Failure rate

o D) Transmission medium

Answer: C

Section B: Short Questions (20 Marks)

1. Define data communication and its key components.

Answer:

Data communication is the exchange of data between devices via a transmission


medium. Key components include the message, sender, receiver, medium, and
protocol.

2. Differentiate between LAN and WAN.

Answer:

o LAN: Covers short distances like offices.

o WAN: Covers long distances and connects multiple locations.


3. Explain the concept of network topology and name two types.

Answer:

Network topology refers to the arrangement of devices in a network. Examples: Mesh


and Star.

4. What is a Switched WAN?

Answer:

A WAN that uses switches or routers for flexible and scalable connections.

5. List any three wired transmission media.

Answer:

Cat5e, Cat6, Optical fiber.

Section C: Long Questions (20 Marks)

1. Describe the different types of network topologies with their advantages and
disadvantages.

Answer:

o Mesh: High redundancy but expensive.

o Star: Centralized and reliable but dependent on the central device.

o Bus: Low cost, but a single failure can affect the network.

o Ring: Sequential but prone to single-point failure.

o Hybrid: Combines benefits of multiple topologies.

2. Discuss the criteria for a good network and explain why they are important.

Answer:

o Performance: Ensures fast and efficient data transfer.

o Reliability: Ensures minimal downtime.

o Security: Protects against data corruption and unauthorized access.

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