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10.2 Plotting Graphs

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19 views19 pages

10.2 Plotting Graphs

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rozitaabdal2025
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10.

2 Plotting graphs
Grade 9

By Abdulazeez B. Rasoul
Objective
• use a function to complete a table of values

• use a table of values to draw a graph

• draw straight-line graphs and simple curves.

Why Learn About Graphs?

Graphs are visual representations of mathematical relationships.

They help us:

• Understand trends.

• Solve equations visually.

• Represent real-life situations like motion, finance, and growth.


What Is a Function?

A function is a rule that takes an input 𝑥 and gives an output 𝑦.

Example: 𝒚 = 𝟐𝒙 + 𝟑

Types of Graphs
➢ Linear Graphs (Straight Lines):

𝒇𝒐𝒓 𝒆𝒙𝒂𝒎𝒑𝒍𝒆: 𝒚 = 𝟐𝒙 + 𝟑 𝒂𝒏𝒅 𝟐𝒙 + 𝟑𝒚 = 𝟏𝟐 𝒂𝒓𝒆 𝒆𝒙𝒂𝒎𝒑𝒍𝒆𝒔 𝒐𝒇 𝒍𝒊𝒏𝒆𝒂𝒓 𝒇𝒖𝒏𝒄𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏𝒔.

𝑻𝒉𝒆 𝒈𝒓𝒂𝒑𝒉 𝒐𝒇 𝒂 𝒍𝒊𝒏𝒆𝒂𝒓 𝒇𝒖𝒏𝒄𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏 𝒊𝒔 𝒂 𝒔𝒕𝒓𝒂𝒊𝒈𝒉𝒕 𝒍𝒊𝒏𝒆.

➢ Quadratic Graphs (Parabolas):

𝒇𝒐𝒓 𝒆𝒙𝒂𝒎𝒑𝒍𝒆: 𝒚 = 𝒙𝟐 − 𝟑 is an 𝒆𝒙𝒂𝒎𝒑𝒍𝒆 𝒐𝒇 𝒂 𝒏𝒐𝒏 − 𝒍𝒊𝒏𝒆𝒂𝒓 𝒇𝒖𝒏𝒄𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏.

𝑻𝒉𝒆 𝒈𝒓𝒂𝒑𝒉 𝒐𝒇 𝒂 𝒏𝒐𝒏 − 𝒍𝒊𝒏𝒆𝒂𝒓𝒇𝒖𝒏𝒄𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏 𝒊𝒔 𝒂 𝒄𝒖𝒓𝒗𝒆𝒅 𝒍𝒊𝒏𝒆.


Steps for Plotting a Graph

Step 1: Create a Table of Values

Choose values for x (e.g., -2, -1, 0, 1, 2).

Substitute each x -value into the function to calculate y.

Step 2: Plot Points on a Graph

Each pair (x , y) is a coordinate.

Plot these points on a Cartesian plane.

Step 3: Draw the Graph

For a straight-line function, connect the points with a straight line.

For a curve, connect the points smoothly.


An example

Draw a graph of y = 2x + 3

Answer: You know how to find coordinate pairs for y = 2x + 3. Choose some values for x and use them to
y
3
find values of y. Put them in a table.
2

0 x
Plot the points (−2, −1), (−1, 1), (0, 3) and so on.
-1

Draw a straight line through the points.


-2

The line continues beyond the points you have plotted.


-2 -1 0 1 2 3 4
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