Good day, Grade 9

Learners!
Prepared by: T. Godie
 How do you filter the
information that you have
got from someone?
 Lesson Objectives
Identify the
Analyze the basic rules in Quote
difference changing a
between direct direct speech
people
and reported to indirect properly.
speech. speech.
 Direct and
Reported Speech
Prepared by: T. Godie
Lester said, “I will Lester said that he
finish my would finish his
assignments.” assignments.

She said, “My She said that her

friend visited friend had visited
yesterday.” the day before.
Santi said to Grace, Santi ordered
“Close the door.” Grace to close the
door.

April said, “Will I April asked

pass the test?” whether she would
pass the test.
 Directions:
Read the following sentences and
identify whether they are in direct
speech (DS) or reported speech (RS).
1. She sa 5. Tom s
id, "I aid,
"I will c
love ice ry sa id all
3. M a you
cream."
he w as tomorr
th at s ow."
tire d .
2. He as 4. They to ld u s
ked,
"What t that the
ime is
mo vie w as
it?"
a m a zin g .
 Direct and Reported Speech
Direct and reported speech are two
ways of conveying what someone has
said, and they differ in terms of how
the speaker's words are presented in a
sentence.
 Direct Speech
It is also known as quoted speech.
The message of the speaker is
conveyed or reported in his own
actual words without any change.
The exact message of the speaker is
enclosed by quotation marks “...”
 Examples:
The boy said, “I ate pancakes.”
The mother ordered him, “Clean the
house.”
“Is everything clear?” asked John.
 Direct Speech
commonly has a reporting
clause, reporting verb,
reported clause and reported
verb.
 Example
The boy said, “I ate pancakes.”

Reporting clause: The boy said,

“I ate pancakes.”
Reporting verb: The boy said,
“I ate pancakes.”
 Example
The boy said, “I ate pancakes.”

Reported clause: The boy said,

“I ate pancakes.”
Reported verb: The boy said, “I
ate pancakes.”
 Reported Speech
It is also known as indirect speech. It
is a report on what someone else
said or wrote without using that
person’s exact words. Unlike direct
speech, it doesn’t have quotation
marks.
 Examples:
The boy said that he had eaten pancakes.
The mother ordered him to clean the house.
John asked if everything was clear.
Direct to Reported Speech
Here are the basic rules for
changing direct speech to
reported speech:
1. Remove Quotation
2. Use Reporting Verbs:
Marks: In reported Introduce the reported
speech, you do not speech with reporting
use quotation marks verbs like "said," "told,"
to enclose the "asked," "explained,"
spoken words. "admitted," etc. These
verbs help convey how the
statement was made.
 Second
Person
in Direc (you)
3. Chang t Speec
e n (I , w e ) in Change
to third
h:

Pronoun First P e rs o
: person
s Dir ec t S p e e c
h
h
ir d
(he/she
/they) in
g e t o t reporte
Cha n h e y) d speec
h.
e/ s h e/ t
o n ( h .
pers d s p e e ch
e p o rt e
in r Th ird P e r s o n
(he/s h e /t h e y ) in
Dir e ct S pe ec h :
a lly r e m a in s
Gener
in re p o r te d
the same
speech.
 Present
Continu
Direct S ous in
4. Chang peech: C
hange
e to the p
in repor
ast con
tinuous
Tenses ted spe
"I am w
ech (e.g
.,
m p le in o rk
se n t S i become ing"
P r e C h a n g e s "She s
pe e c h : was wo aid she
ir e ct S le in rking").
D t s im p
h e p a s .,
to t c h (e .g
d s p e e
ep o r te m e s
r " b e c o
m b us y
"I a s he w a s
s a id
"She " ).
bus y
 Past Sim
ple in D
Speech: irect
4. Chang Remain
s
e same in
reporte
the
Tenses speech
a
when re
po r
d
tin
ec t in g en e ra g
n t Pe rf l tru th o
Pre se a ng e h ist or
r
e ch : Ch ic a l e ve n
ect Sp e in t.
Dir r fe c t
p a pe
s t
to th e h (e .g .,
s p e e c
p o r te d "
re f in is h e d
" I h av e s he
h e s a id
m e s " S
be co e d " ) .
f in is h
had
5. Change Time Expressions:
Adjust time expressions 6. Change Modals: Change
(e.g., today, now, tomorrow) modal verbs like "can,"
to reflect the shift from "will," "must," etc., to
the time of the original their corresponding past
statement to the time of forms when necessary
reporting (e.g., "today"
(e.g., "I can swim"
becomes "that day").
becomes "She said she
could swim").
 7. Use Appropriate
Conjunctions: Use 8. Punctuation: Be mindful
conjunctions like "that," of punctuation, especially
"if," or "whether" to when introducing reported
introduce reported speech with a reporting
statements, especially verb. Typically, a comma or
when reporting questions. colon is used before the
reported statement.
 Key differences:
Quotation Marks: Direct
speech uses quotation Pronouns and Tenses: In direct
marks, while reported speech, pronouns and tenses
typically remain the same as the
speech does not.
original speaker's words. In
reported speech, pronouns and
tenses often need to be changed.
 Key differences:
Reported speech often includes
reporting verbs like "said," "told,"
"asked," or others, followed by Word Order: In reported speech,
the reported statement. These the word order can change. For
reporting verbs are used to example, question forms in direct
introduce the reported speech. speech ("Are you coming?") may
become statements in reported
speech ("She asked if I was
coming.").
 Key differences:
Backshifting: When reporting statements,
the tense of the verb in the reported
speech often changes to a past tense
(backshifting) if the reporting verb is in the
past. For example, "I am busy" becomes "She
said that she was busy" when reported in
the past.
In summary
Direct speech quotes the exact words of a
speaker and is enclosed in quotation marks,
while reported speech summarizes or
paraphrases what was said without using
quotation marks. Reported speech often involves
changes in pronouns, tenses, and word order to
fit it into a larger sentence structure.
 Directions:
Rewrite the following
sentences, changing from
direct speech to reported
speech.
 4. "I'm
1. "I hav going
e
to the
finished
my Do n' t
project, 3. " beach,"
" she
th a t!" announ
he
said. to u ch ced.
a rn e d.
she w
2. "It's
my 5. "I w ill he lp
birthda it h y o u r
y you w
today," ho m e w or k , "
he
exclaim John p r o m is ed.
ed.
 Directions:
Rewrite the following
sentences, changing from
reported speech to direct
speech.
 1. She sa 4. She
id that
she was
e y s a id mention
ed
feeling 3. T h that sh
e would
sick.
h a t th e be comi
t ng late.
rt w a s
con ce
a zin g.
2. He to
ld me am 5. He ex pla in ed
that he
had that he
seen th 't f in d his
e couldn
movie. keys.
Thank you for
listening!