English Class

Ma’am Jennifer D. Pabilada

DIRECT AND REPORTED
SPEECH
 DIRECT OR QUOTED SPEECH
Direct or quoted speech is spoken or written text that
reports speech or thought in its original form phrased
by the original speaker. In narrative, it is usually
enclosed in quotation marks. The cited speaker is
either mentioned or implied.

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 1. She said, “I watched the movie.”
Reporting clause Reported clause

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 1. She asked, “What time will you be home?”
Reporting clause Reported clause
- Includes a verb
such as said, told,
asked, replied,
shouted, etc. Usually
in simple past tense.

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 1. Jessa says, “English is so easy”.

2. “I want to break free!”, he shouted.

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 REPORTED SPEECH OR INDIRECT SPEECH
Reported speech is often also called indirect speech. When we
use reported speech, we are usually talking about the past.
A reported speech shows changes in the following:
1. tenses;
2. time and place;
3. introductory verbs; and
4. pronouns.

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 1. She said that she had watched the movie.

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 BASIC RULES IN TRANSFORMING DIRECT
SPEECH TO REPORTED SPEECH
1. The quotation marks and the comma in the Direct
Speech are no longer used in the Reported Speech;
DIRECT SPEECH REPORTED SPEECH
“Grandmother teaches me how to Sheila said that her grandmother
cook”, Shiela said. taught her how to cook.

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 BASIC RULES IN TRANSFORMING DIRECT
SPEECH TO REPORTED SPEECH

2. Simply copy the reporting clause in the Direct Speech

in the Reported Speech;
DIRECT SPEECH REPORTED SPEECH
“Grandmother teaches me how to Sheila said that her grandmother
cook”, Shiela said. taught her how to cook.

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 BASIC RULES IN TRANSFORMING DIRECT
SPEECH TO REPORTED SPEECH

3. The word “that” is used to introduce the reported

statement.
DIRECT SPEECH REPORTED SPEECH
“Grandmother teaches me how to Sheila said that her grandmother
cook”, Shiela said. taught her how to cook.

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 4. Changes in Person of Pronouns
• 1st Person pronouns in reported speech are
always changed according to the subject of/in the
reporting clause;
• 2nd Person pronouns in reported speech are
always changed according to the object of the
reporting clause;
• 3rd Person pronouns in reported speech are not
changed
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 DIRECT SPEECH REPORTED SPEECH

First Person First Person

1. “Our friend is sick and he stays at 1.Jay said that their friend was sick
home,” Jay said. and he stayed at home.
2. Mama said, “I like the dress.” 2. Mama said that she liked the dress.

Second Person Second Person

1. Ana told John, “Your answer is 1.Ana told John that his answer was
correct.” correct.
Third Person Third Person
1. He said, “They go to church 1.He said that they went to church
regularly.” regularly

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5. Changes in Verbs
A. Present Tense to Past Tense
• If the reporting speech or reporting clause is in present tense or future
tense, then no change is required to be made in the verb of reported speech. This
verb could be in any tense i.e. present, past, future.

DIRECT SPEECH REPORTED SPEECH

He says, “I am ill.” He says that he is ill.
“Dad teaches me how to swim,” Betty said that her dad taught her
Betty said. how to swim.

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 1. He says, “I like your new cat”.

2. “She prepares the field every summer”, Julius

said.

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 1. She says, “I love iced coffee.”

2. Jane said, “I am tired”.

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 5. Changes in Verbs
B. Past Tense to Past Perfect Tense

DIRECT SPEECH REPORTED SPEECH

“The child knew the answer,” Leah said that the child had
Leah said. known the answer.
“The fishermen caught fish,” the The boatman said that the
boatman said. fishermen had caught fish.

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 List down 5 words in present tense, past tense and
past participle tense.
Example:
Write – wrote - written

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 1. Mark told Abi, “I bought a car”.

2. Jessa said, “I drove the car”.

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5. Changes in Verbs
C. Present or future modals to past modals

DIRECT SPEECH REPORTED SPEECH

“I can dance,” the girl said. The girl said that she could dance.
“The visitor may come to our The teacher said that the visitor
school,” the teacher said. might come to their school.

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 1. Jessa said, “I can sing”.

2. The principal said, “I may visit your class”.

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 6. Changes in Time
• If there is time mentioned in the sentence of the direct speech, this
time will be changed in the reported speech. There are certain rules
changing the time i.e. tomorrow into the next day; today into that day,
yesterday into the previous day

DIRECT SPEECH REPORTED SPEECH

“I will see you tomorrow”, he said. He said that he would see me the next
day.
“I saw him today”, she said. She said that she had seen him that
day.
“We saw him yesterday”, they said. They said that they had seen him the
previous day.

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Directions: Analyze the given sentences on numbers 1 to 5.
Change the direct speech to reported speech. Write your
answers in your activity notebook.

1. Ben said, “I brought five apples.”

2. Lito replied, “My family accepted the apples.”
3. “I like to eat rice,” Oscar’s son said.
4. “He goes to church,” Cesar stated.
5. Jay’s friend reported, “Five men helped carry the sacks of
rice.”

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 ANSWER KEY!!!

1. Ben said that he had brought five apples.

2. Lito replied that his family had accepted the apples.
3. Oscar’s son said that he liked to eat rice.
4. Cesar stated. Cesar stated that he went to church.
5. Jay’s friend reported that five men had helped
carry the sacks of rice.

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