3rd Quiz Steel Design April 12 ,2023

SET A

1.) The W16 x 67 beam shown carries a uniform load of 18 KN/m including its own
weight and a concentrated load P acting as shown. Assuming the beam to be laterally
unsupported, Use Fy = 340 MPa , the length is 9m. Use WSD (NSCP 2001)

Properties of W16 x 67

A = 12,709 mm2 Ix= 397 x106 mm4

d= 414.78 Sx= 1.92 x106 mm3
tw=10 mm Iy= 49.53 x106 mm4
bf = 260 mm tf=16.9 mm

1.a) compute the Lu (maximum unsupported length) of the beam.

1.b) determine the L/rT ( slenderness ratio of the flange portion) of the beam.
1.c) Determine the allowable bending stress Fb of the beam.
1.d) Determine the concentrated loads P that carried by the beam.
1.e) Determine the reaction at its supports.
.20 𝑏𝑓 .20 (260)
Lc = , Lc = = 2.8 < L
√𝐹𝑦 √340
139 139
Lu= 𝐹𝑦𝑑 = Lu= (340)(414.78) =4.33 < L
𝐴𝑓 (260)(16.9)

½𝐼 ½(49.53 𝑥106 )
rT = √ 1 =√ 1 = 69.78 mm
𝐴𝑓+ 𝐴𝑤 (260∗16.9)+ (414.78∗10)
6 6
𝐿 9000
= = 128.98
rT 69.78
3 3
√706 𝑥 10 𝐶𝑏
= √
706 𝑥 10 (1)
= 45.56< 128.97
𝐹𝑦 340
3 3
√3540 𝑥 10 𝐶𝑏 = √3540 𝑥 10 (1) = 102.04 < 128.97
𝐹𝑦 340
1170 𝑥 103 𝐶𝑏 1170 𝑥 103 (1)
Fb = 2 = (128.78)2
= 70.55 MPa
𝐿
(r )
T

82700 𝐶𝑏 82700 (1)

Also check: Fb = 𝐿𝑑 , Fb = (9000)∗(414.76) = 97.35 Mpa
Af (260)∗(16.9)

Therefore use Fb= 97.35 MPa

 𝑀 𝑀
Fb= ; 97.35= 1920000
𝑆
M = 186,912,000 N-mm = 186.912 KN-m
Considering the loading and condition of supports.
𝜔𝐿2 𝑃𝐿
M= +
8 3
(18)(9)2 𝑃(9)
186.912 = +
8 3
P = 1.554KN
18(9.0)+1.55 𝑥2
R= = 82.554 KN
2

2.) A simply supported beam W21 x 62 carrying a uniformly distributed load of : DL= 14.6 KN/m
(including its own weight) and LL= 25.5 KN/m and a concentrated Load acting on the
midspan with DL= 26.7 KN and a certain Live Load. Bracing is provided only at the ends and at
the midspan of a 8.6 m. long beam. Use NSCP 2015 and Fy=345 MPa. Assumed Cb = 1.38

Properties of W 21 x 62
Zx = 2360 x 103 mm3 Cw = 1600x 109 mm6
Sx = 2080 x 103 mm3 bf = 269 mm
Iy = 23.9 x 106 mm4 d = 533 mm
Ry = 45 mm tw = 10.2 mm
J = 767x 103 mm4 tf = 15.6 mm K=28.45 mm
A=11,806.43 mm2

a) Considering the width-thickness ratio of the flange and web, determine the
nominal flexural strength, Mn, of the beam.
b) Considering the Torsional Buckling of the beam, solve the length Lp.
c) Considering the Torsional Buckling of the beam, solve the length Lr.
d) What is the design flexural strength, Mu, of the beam?
e) Determine the concentrated Live Load acting on the midspan of the beam.

1. Check the compactness of the section

For Flange: For Web:
𝑏𝑓 269 ℎ 533−2(28.45)
λ= = =8.6 λ= = =46.68
2𝑡𝑓 2(15.6) 𝑡𝑤 10.2
𝐸 200000 𝐸 200000
λp= 0.38√ = 0.38√ = 9.15 λp= 3.76√ = 3.76√ =90.53
𝐹𝑦 345 𝐹𝑦 345
therefore the section is compact.
Mn = Mp = Fy Zx = (345) (2360 x103) = 814.2 KN-m

𝐸 𝐼𝑦 23,900,000
Lp= 1.76𝑟𝑦 √ Where ry = √ = √ 11,806.43 = 45 mm
𝐹𝑦 𝐴

200,000
Lp= 1.76(45)√ = 1,907 mm or 1.907 m
345
 𝟐
Lr= 1.95𝒓𝒕𝒔 𝟎.𝟕𝑭 √𝒔
𝑬 𝑱𝒄
√𝟏 + √𝟏 + 𝟔. 𝟕𝟔 (𝟎.𝟕𝑭𝒚 𝑺𝒙 𝒉𝒐 )
𝒚 𝒙 𝒉𝒐 𝑬𝑱𝒄

ho = d-tf = 533 - 15.6 =517.4 mm

√𝐼𝑦 𝐶𝑤 √(23.9 x 106 ) (1600 x 109)
𝑟𝑡𝑠2 = = =54.53 mm
𝑆𝑥 (2080 x 103 )

(𝟐𝟎𝟎,𝟎𝟎𝟎) 3
767 x 10 (1) 3
𝟎.𝟕(𝟑𝟒𝟓)(2080x 10 )(517.4) 𝟐
Lr=1.9𝟓(𝟓𝟒. 𝟓𝟑) 𝟎.𝟕(𝟑𝟒𝟓)
√2080x 103 (517.4) √𝟏 + √𝟏 + 𝟔. 𝟕𝟔 ( (𝟐𝟎𝟎𝟎𝟎𝟎)(767 x 103 (1) )

Lr= 5,510 mm or say 5.51 m.

Lb = 4.3 m < Lr
𝐿𝑏 −𝐿𝑝
Mn =𝐶𝑏 [𝑀𝑝 − (𝑀𝑝 − 0.7𝐹𝑦 𝑆𝑥 ) (𝐿 )] ≤ 𝑀𝑝
𝑟 −𝐿𝑝
4.3−1.91
Mn =(1.38) [(814.2𝑥106 ) − (814.2𝑥106 − 0.7(345)2080𝑥103 ) (5.51−1.91)]
Mn = 838.37 KN-m > 814.2 KN-m

Therefore , use Mn =Mp = 814.2 KN-m

Mu = 0.90(814.2 ) = 732.78 Kn-m

wu = 1.2DL +1.6LL = 1.2(14.6) + 1.6(25.5) = 58.32 KN/m

Pu = 1.2DL +1.6LL = 1.2(26.7) + 1.6(L,L) = 32.02 + 1.6(LL)

𝑤𝑢 𝐿 2 𝑃𝑢 𝐿 (58.32(8.6)2 (32.02+1.6𝐿𝐿)(8.6)
Mu = + = + = 732.78 kn-m
8 4 8 4

LL = 36.27 KN

3.) An 8m. simply supported beam carrying a uniform distributed dead load of 7 KN/m
(including its own weight) and a live load of 3.5 KN/m and a concentrated live load of
20 KN acting 2 m. from support A. A lateral bracing is provided 2 m from support B.
Use NSCP 2015. with
Pre-determined data: The section is compact,
Lp = 2.64 m ,and Lr = 8.92 m

Properties of W14 x 68 Fy=344 MPa

Sx = 1668 x 103 mm3 Sy = 393.29 x 103 mm3
bf = 254 mm d= 356 mm k=33.3 mm
tf = 18.3 mm tw = 10.5 mm h = d-2k
 ry = 62.3 mm ho =d-tf Zx = 1880 x 103 mm3
Iy = 50.5 x 106 mm4 J=1250 x 103 mm4 Cw = 144.5 x1010 mm6

3.a) Determine the maximum moment of the beam.

3.b.) Determine the Cb (torsional buckling modification factor)
3.c) Determine the nominal flexural capacity of the beam, Mn.
3.d) Determine the design flexural capacity of the beam, Mu.
3.e) Determine the allowable flexural capacity of the beam, Ma.
Solution:
wu = 1.2DL +1.6LL = 1.2(7) + 1.6(3.5) = 14.0 KN/m
Pu =1.6LL = 1.6(20) = 32 KN
∑MB = 0
RA (8) -32(6)-14 (8)(4) =0
RA = 80 KN

6−𝑥 𝑥
= 64 ; x= 4.57
20
Mmax = ½(64)(4.57) = 146.24 KN-m

M + 14(x)(x/2)-80 x =0
M= 80x -7 x2
@ x= 1.25 m
MA = 89.06 Kn-m

M + 14(x)(x/2)+32(x-2) -80 x =0
M= 48x +64 -7 x2
@ x= 2.5 m
MB = 140.25 Kn-m

@ x= 3.75 m
MA = 145.44 Kn-m

12.5(146.24)
Cb= (1) = 1.12
2.5(146.24)+3(89.06)+4(140.25)+3(145.44)

𝐿𝑏 −𝐿𝑝
Mn =𝐶𝑏 [𝑀𝑝 − (𝑀𝑝 − 0.7𝐹𝑦 𝑆𝑥 ) (𝐿 )] ≤ 𝑀𝑝
𝑟 −𝐿𝑝
5.0−2.64
Mn =(1.12) [(646.72.72.35𝑥106 ) − (646.72𝑥106 − 0.7(344)1668𝑥103 ) (8.92−2.64)]
Mn = 621.18 KN-m
Mu = 0.90 (621.18) = 559.062 KN-m

621.18
Ma = = 371.964 Kn-m
1.67

SET B
1.) The W14 x 68 beam shown carries a uniform load of 10 KN/m including its own
weight and a concentrated load P acting as shown. Assuming the beam to be laterally
unsupported, Use Fy = 345 MPa , the length is 7.5m. Use WSD (NSCP 2001)

Properties of W14 x 68 Fy=345 MPa

A = 12,903.2 mm2 Sx = 1668 x 103 mm3
Sy = 393.29 x 103 mm3 k=33.3 mm
bf = 254 mm d= 356 mm
tf = 18.3 mm tw = 10.5 mm
ry = 62.3 mm Zx = 1880 x 103 mm3
Iy = 50.5 x 106 mm4 Ix = 300.5 x 106 mm4 J=1250 x 103 mm4 Cw = 144.5 x1010
mm6

.20 𝑏𝑓 .20 (254)

Lc = , Lc = = 2.73 < L
√𝐹𝑦 √345
139 139
Lu= 𝐹𝑦𝑑 = Lu= (345)(356) =5.26 < L
𝐴𝑓 (254)(18.3)

½𝐼 ½(50.5 𝑥106 )
rT = √ 1 =√ 1 = 69.20 mm
𝐴𝑓+6𝐴𝑤 (254∗18.3)+6(356∗10.5)
𝐿 7500
= = 108.38
rT 69.2
3 3
√706 𝑥 10 𝐶𝑏
= √
706 𝑥 10 (1)
= 45.23< 108.38
𝐹𝑦 345
3 3
√3540 𝑥 10 𝐶𝑏
= √
3540 𝑥 10 (1)
= 101.29 < 128.97
𝐹𝑦 345
1170 𝑥 103 𝐶𝑏 1170 𝑥 103 (1)
Therefore use Fb = 2 = (108.38)2
= 99.61 MPa
𝐿
(r )
T
 82700 𝐶𝑏 82700 (1)
Also check: Fb = 𝐿𝑑 , Fb = (7500)∗(356) = 143.97 Mpa
Af (254)∗(18.3)
Therefore use Fb= 143.97 MPa
𝑀 𝑀
Fb= ; 143.97= 1668000
𝑆
M = 240.145 KN-m
condition of supports.
𝜔𝐿2 𝑃𝐿
M= +
8 3
(10)(7.5)2 𝑃(7.5)
240.145 = +
8 3
P = 67.93 KN
10(7.5)+67.93 𝑥2
R= 2
= 105.433 KN

2.) A simply supported beam W21 x 48 carrying a uniformly distributed load of : DL= 16.4 KN/m
(including its own weight) and LL= 25.2 KN/m and a concentrated Load acting on the
midspan with DL= 20.7 KN and a certain Live Load. Bracing is provided only at the ends and at
the midspan of a 8.0 m. long beam. Use NSCP 2015 and Fy=250 MPa. Assumed Cb = 1.28

Properties of W 21 x 48
Zx = 1753.4 x 103 mm3 Cw = 1500x 109 mm6
Sx = 1524 x 103 mm3 bf = 206.8 mm
Iy = 16.11 x 106 mm4 d = 523 mm
ry = 42 mm tw = 8.89 mm
J = 720x 103 mm4 tf = 10.9 mm K=23.62 mm
A=9,096.8 mm2

2. Check the compactness of the section

For Flange: For Web:
𝑏𝑓 206.8 ℎ 523−2(23.62)
λ= = =9.486 λ= = =53.5
2𝑡𝑓 2(10.9) 𝑡𝑤 8.89
𝐸 200000 𝐸 200000
λp= 0.38√ = 0.38√ = 10.75 λp= 3.76√ = 3.76√ =106.3
𝐹𝑦 250 𝐹𝑦 250
therefore the section is compact.
Mn = Mp = Fy Zx = (250) (1753.4 x103) = 438.35 KN-m

𝐸 𝐼𝑦 23,900,000
Lp= 1.76𝑟𝑦 √𝐹 Where ry = √ 𝐴 = √ 11,806.43 = 45 mm
𝑦

200,000
Lp= 1.76(42)√ = 2,090.773 mm or 2.091 m > 4.0 m
250
 𝟐
Lr= 1.95𝒓𝒕𝒔 𝟎.𝟕𝑭 √𝒔
𝑬 𝑱𝒄
√𝟏 + √𝟏 + 𝟔. 𝟕𝟔 (𝟎.𝟕𝑭𝒚 𝑺𝒙 𝒉𝒐 )
𝒚 𝒙 𝒉𝒐 𝑬𝑱𝒄

ho = d-tf = 523 - 10.9 =512 mm

√𝐼𝑦 𝐶𝑤 √(16.11 x 106) (1500 x 109 )
𝑟𝑡𝑠2 = =
𝑆𝑥 (1524 x 103 )
𝑟𝑡𝑠 =56.79 mm

(𝟐𝟎𝟎,𝟎𝟎𝟎) 3
720 x 10 (1) 3 𝟐
𝟎.𝟕(𝟐𝟓𝟎)(1524x 10 )(512.1)
Lr=1.9𝟓(𝟓𝟔. 𝟕𝟗) 𝟎.𝟕(𝟐𝟓𝟎)
√1524x 103 (512.1) √𝟏 + √𝟏 + 𝟔. 𝟕𝟔 ( (𝟐𝟎𝟎𝟎𝟎𝟎)(720 x 103 (1) )

Lr= 7,354.92 mm or say 7.355 m.

Lb = 4.0 m < Lr
𝐿𝑏 −𝐿𝑝
Mn =𝐶𝑏 [𝑀𝑝 − (𝑀𝑝 − 0.7𝐹𝑦 𝑆𝑥 ) ( )] ≤ 𝑀𝑝
𝐿𝑟−𝐿𝑝
4.0−2.091
Mn =(1.28) [(438.35𝑥106 ) − (438.35𝑥106 − 0.7(250)1524𝑥103 ) (7.355−2.09)]
Mn = 481.42 KN-m > 438.35 KN-m therefore use Mn = 438.35 KN-m
Mu = 0.90 (438.35) = 394.515 KN-m

wu = 1.2DL +1.6LL = 1.2(16.4) + 1.6(25.2) = 60. KN/m

Pu = 1.2DL +1.6LL = 1.2(20.7) + 1.6(LL) = 24.84 + 1.6LL

𝑤𝑢 𝐿 2 𝑃𝑢 𝐿 (60(8.0)2 (24.84+1.6𝐿𝐿)(8.0)
Mu = + = + = 394.45 kn-m
8 4 8 4

LL = - 42.22KN

3.) An 8m. simply supported beam carrying a uniform distributed dead load of 7 KN/m
(including its own weight) and a live load of 4 KN/m and a concentrated live load of
25 KN acting 2 m. from support A. A lateral bracing is provided 3 m from support B.
Use NSCP 2015. with
Pre-determined data: The section is compact,
Lp = 2.64 m ,and Lr = 8.92 m

Properties of W14 x 68 Fy=344 MPa

3 3
Sx = 1668 x 10 mm Sy = 393.29 x 103 mm3
bf = 254 mm d= 356 mm k=33.3 mm
tf = 18.3 mm tw = 10.5 mm h = d-2k
ry = 62.3 mm ho =d-tf Zx = 1880 x 103 mm3
Iy = 50.5 x 106 mm4 J=1250 x 103 mm4 Cw = 144.5 x1010 mm6

Solution:
wu = 1.2DL +1.6LL = 1.2(7) + 1.6(4) = 14.8 KN/m
Pu =1.6LL = 1.6(25) = 40 KN
∑MB = 0
RA (8) -40(6)-14.8(8)(4) =0
RA = 89.2 KN

6−𝑥 𝑥
= 69.2 ; x= 4.667
19.6
Mmax = ½(69.2)(4.677) = 161.81 KN-m

M + 148(x)(x/2)-89.2 x =0
M= 892x -7.4 x2
@ x= 1.25 m
MA = 99.94 Kn-m

M + 148(x)(x/2)+40(x-2) -89.2 x =0
M= 49.2x +80 -7.4 x2
@ x= 2.5 m
MA = 156.75 Kn-m

@ x= 3.75 m
MA = 160.44 Kn-m

12.5(161.81)
Cb= (1) = 1.116
2.5(161.81)+3(99.94)+4(156.75)+3(160.44)

𝐿𝑏 −𝐿𝑝
Mn =𝐶𝑏 [𝑀𝑝 − (𝑀𝑝 − 0.7𝐹𝑦 𝑆𝑥 ) (𝐿 )] ≤ 𝑀𝑝
𝑟 −𝐿𝑝
5.0−2.64
Mn =(1.116) [(646.72.35𝑥106 ) − (646.72𝑥106 − 0.7(344)1668𝑥103 ) (8.92−2.64)]
Mn = 618.962 KN-m
Mu = 0.90 (618.962) = 557.066 KN-m

618.962
Ma = = 370.634 Kn=m
1.67