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FACTORIZATION Mock Test - Solution

The document is an education sprint for Class X focusing on factorization, containing various mathematical problems related to polynomials and the remainder theorem. It includes questions requiring one-sentence answers, detailed calculations, and factorization proofs. The document is structured into sections with a total of 30 marks available for completion.

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Akash Chaubey
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23 views5 pages

FACTORIZATION Mock Test - Solution

The document is an education sprint for Class X focusing on factorization, containing various mathematical problems related to polynomials and the remainder theorem. It includes questions requiring one-sentence answers, detailed calculations, and factorization proofs. The document is structured into sections with a total of 30 marks available for completion.

Uploaded by

Akash Chaubey
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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EDUCATION SPRINT

CLASS- X Total Marks : 30


Time : 50 Minute
FACTORIZATION

Section A

* Answer The Following Questions In One Sentence. [5]

1. Use remainder theorem and find the remainder when the polynomial g(x) = x3 +
x2 – 2x + 1 is divided by x – 3.
Ans. : By the remainder theorem, required remainder
8(3) = (3)3 + (3)2 - 2 x 3 + 1
= 27 + 9 - 6 + 1
= 31.
2. When x3 + 3x2 – kx + 4 is divided by (x – 2), the remainder is k. Find the value of k.
Ans. : Here, P(2) = k
⇒ 23 + 3(2)2 - k(2) + 4 = k
⇒ 8 + 12 - 2k + 4 = k
⇒ 3k = 24
⇒k=8
3. Find the value of p if the division of px3 + 9x2 + 4x - 10 by (x + 3) leaves the
remainder 5.
Ans. : Here, P(-3) = 5
⇒ p(-3)3 + 9(-3)2 + 4(-3) - 10 = 5
⇒ -27p + 81 - 12 - 10 = 5
⇒ -27p = -54
⇒p=2
4. Find the value of a , if (x - a) is a factor of x3 - a2x + x + 2.
Ans. : Let f(x) = x2 - a2x + x + 2
Put x - a = 0
∴x=a
f(a) = a3 - a2·a + a + 2
0 = a3 - a3 + a + 2
or
a+2=0
∴ a = -2
5. If x – 2 is a factor of 2x3 - x2 - px - 2.
Find the value of p

Page 1
Ans. : Given expression is 2x3 - x2 - px - 2 and x - 2 is the factor.
x - 2 = 0, x = 2 in expression
2(2)3 - (2)2 - p(2) - 2 = 0
16 - 4 - 2p - 2 = 0
10 - 2p = 0
p=5

* Answer the following questions. [3 Marks Each] [15]

6. Show that (x - 1) is a factor of x3 - 7x2 + 14x - 8. Hence, completely factorise the


above expression.
Ans. : If (x - 1) is a factor of x3 - 7x2 + 14x - 8 then on putting x - 1 = 0
x=1
f(1) = 0
= 13 - 7(1)2 + 14(1) - 8
= 1 - 7 + 14 - 8 = 0
Hence, x - 1 is one factor.
To find other factors
= x3 - 7x2 + 14x - 8
= x2(x - 1) - 6x(x - 1) + 8(x - 1)
= (x - 1) (x2 - 6x + 8)
= (x - 1) (x2 - 4x - 2x + 8)
= (x - 1) {x(x - 4) - 2(x - 4)}
= (x - 1) (x - 2) (x - 4).
7. If p(x) = 4x3 - 3x2 + 2x - 4 find the remainderwhen p(x) is divided by:
1
x+ .
2

Ans. : p(x) = 4x − 3x + 2x − 4 .... (i)


3 2

By the remainder theorem the required remainder


1
= p (− ).
2

Put x = (−
1

2
) in equation (i) we get
3 2
1 1 1 1
p (− ) = 4(− ) − 3(− ) + 2 (− )−4
2 2 2 2

1 1 1
= 4 ×( )−3 × + 2 × (− )−4
8 4 2

1 3
= − − −1 −4
2 4

−2−3−4−16
=
4

25
= −
4

Hence, the remainder is


25
−
4
.
8. If x – 2 is a factor of each of the following three polynomials. Find the value of ‘a’
in each case:
x5 - 3x4 - ax3 + 3ax2 + 2ax + 4.

Page 2
Ans. : Let p(x) = x5 - 3x4 - ax3 + 3ax2 + 2ax + 4 ...(i)
Since, (x - 2) is facxtor of p(x), so p(2) = 0
Put x = 2 in equation (i) we get
p(2) = (2)5 - 3(2)4 -a(2)3 + 3a(2)2 + 2a(2) + 4
= 32 - 3 x 16 - a x 8 + 3a x 4 + 4a + 4
= 32 - 48 - 8a + 12a + 4a + 4
= 8a - 12
But p(2) = 0
⇒ 8a = 12 = 0
12
⇒ a =
8

3
⇒ a =
2

9. Show that x2 - 9 is factor of x3 + 5x2 - 9x - 45.


Ans. : We know that
x2 - 9 = (x + 3)(x - 3)
x2 - 9 will be a factor of
f(x) = x3 + 5x2 - 9x - 45
Only when both x + 3 are factor of this polynomial.
Now, f(-3) = (-3)3 + 5(-3)2 -9(-3) -45
= -27 + 45 + 27 - 45 = 0
And f(3) = (3)3 + 5(3)2 - 9(3) -45
= 27 + 45 - 27 - 45 = 0
So, both x + 3 and x - 3 are factor of x3 + 5x2 - 9x - 45.
Hence, x2 - 9 is a factor of the given polynomial.
10. Show that 2x + 7 is a factor of 2x3 + 5x2 - 11 x - 14. Hence factorise the given
expression completely, using the factor theorem.
Ans. : If 2x + 7 in factor of 2x
3
+ 5x
2
− 11x − 14 then on putting 2x + 7 = 0
7
x = −
2

7
f (− ) = 0
2

3 2
7 7 7
= 2(− ) + 5(− ) − 11 ( ) − 14
2 2 2

−343 245 77
= + + − 14
4 4 4

−399 245+154
= +
4 4

−399+399
= = 0
4

Page 3
Hence 2x + 7 is one factor.
3 2
Now 2x + 5x − 11x − 14

2
= x (2x + 7) − x(2x + 7) − 2(2x + 7)

2
= (2x + 7) (x − x − 2)

2
= (2x + 7) (x + x − 2x − 2)

= (2x + 7)[x(x + 1) − 2(x + 1)]

= (2x + 7)(x − 2)(x + 1)

Section B

* Answer The Following Questions in Brief. [6]

1. Use the factor theorem to factorise completely x3 + x2 - 4x - 4.


Ans. : x3 + x2 - 4x - 4
Let x + 1 = 0
∴ x = -1
On substituting value of x in the expression
∴ f(-1) = (-1)3 + (-1)2 - 4(-1) -4 = 0
Clearly x + 1 is a factor of
f(x) = x3 + x2 - 4x - 4
∴ f(x) = (x + 1) (x2 - 4) ...(By actual division)
= (x + 1) (x - 2) (x + 2)
2. In the following two polynomials. Find the value of ‘a’ if x + a is a factor of each
of the two:
x4 - a2x2 + 3x - a.
Ans. : Let p(x) = x4 - a2x2 + 3x - a
Put x = -a in equation (i) we get
P(-a) = (-a)4 - a2 (-a)2 + 3(-a) -a
= a4 - a2 x a2 - 3a - a = -4a
But p(-a) = 0
⇒ -4a = 0
0
⇒ a =
−4

⇒ a = 0.
3. If p(x) = 4x3 - 3x2 + 2x - 4 find the remainderwhen p(x) is divided by:
x+2
Ans. : p(x) = 4x3 - 3x2 + 2x - 4 ...(i)
By the remainder theorem the required remainder = p(2).
Put x = -2 in equation (i), we get
p(-2) = 4(-2)3 -3(-2)2 + 2(-2)-4
= 4 x (-8) -3 x 4 -4 -4

Page 4
= -32 -12 -4 -4
= -52
Hence, the remainder is -52.

* Questions with calculation. [4 Marks Each] [4]

4. If (x - 2) is a factor of the expression 2x3 + ax2 + bx - 14 and when the expression


is divided by (x - 3), it leaves a remainder 52, find the values of a and b.
Ans. : Let f(x) = 2x3 + ax2 + bx - 14 ...(1)
as (x - 2) is factor of (1)
Put x - 2 = 0
⇒ x = 2 in (1)
f(2) = 2(2)3 + a(2)2 + b(2) - 14
0 = 16 + 4a + 2b - 14
or
4a + 2b = -2
or 2a + b = -1 ...(2)
Again when f(x) is divided by (x - 3), it leaves remainder 52
Put x - 3 = 0
⇒x=3
f(3) = 2(3)3 + a(3)2 + b(3) - 14
52 = 54 + 9a + 3b - 14
52 = 9a + 3b + 40
52 - 40 = 9a + 3b
⇒ 12 = 9a + 3b
or
4 = 3a + b ...(3)
Solving (2) and (3)
3a + b = 4
2a + b = -1
Sub - - +
a =5
Substitute a = 5 in 3a + b = 4
⇒3x5+b=4
15 + b = 4
⇒ b = 4 - 15
b = -11.
----- -----

Page 5

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