TRIGONOMETRY

from Greek words “trigonon” (triangle) and “metron” (to measure). It is a branch of mathematics that
studies relationships between the sides and angles of triangles.
Angle- is a figure formed by two rays, called the sides of the angle,
sharing a common endpoint, called vertex of the angle.
Types of Angles

Complementary Angles
A + B = 90°
Suplementary Angles
A + B = 180°
Explementary Angles
A + B = 360°
1. Which of the following is the equivalent to 100grads?
a. 90°
𝜋
b. radians
2
c. 1600 mils
d. All of these
2. The measure of 2.25 revolutions counterclockwise is:
a. -835°
b. -810°
c. 805°
d. 810°
5
3. If the supplement of an angle θ is 2 of its compliment find the value of θ?
a. 30°
b. 25°
c. 50°
d. 15°
 Classification of Triangles

RIGHT TRIANGLE

Angle of Elevation and Depression

4. A surveyor’s transit set up 112.1 feet from the base of a vertical chimney reads 32°30’ with the
cross hairs set on the top of the chimney. With the telescope level, the vertical rod at the base of
the chimney is 5.1 feet. Compute the height of the chimney.
a. 75.16 ft
b. 75.61 ft
c. 76.51 ft
d. 76.15 ft
5. From the second-floor window of a building., the angle of depression of an object on the ground
is 35°38’ while from a fifth-floor window, 9.75 m above the first point of the observation the
angle of depression is 58°35’. How far is the object from the building?
a. 10.7 m
b. 11.7 m
c. 12.7 m
 d. 13.7 m
Trigonometric Identities

cos ∅
6. Simplify sin ∅+1 + tan ∅.
a. cos ∅
b. sec ∅
c. tan ∅
d. cot ∅
4
7. If sin 5 and tan A + sec A = x then what is the value of x?
a. 2
b. 4
c. 3
d. 10
8. cos 1° + cos 2° + cos 3° + … + cos 180° is equal to ____.
a. 1
b. -1
c. 0
d. 2
Oblique Triangles - any triangle that is not a right triangle.
Sine Law
a b c
= =
Sine A Sine B Sine C

Cosine Law
a2 = b2 + c2 - 2bc cos A
b2 = a2 + c2 – 2ac cos B
c2 = a2 + b2 – 2ab cos C
9. An airplane having a period of 120 miles an hour in calm air is pointed in a direction 30° east of
north. A wind having a velocity of 15 miles an hour is blowing from the Northwest. Find the
speed of the airplane relative to the ground.
a. 115 mph
b. 116 mph
c. 117 mph
d. 118 mph
10. A pole casts a shadow 15m long when the angle of elevation of the sun is 61°. If the pole is
leaned 15° from the vertical directly towards the sun, determine the length of the pole.
a. 23.54
b. 54.23
c. 45.32
d. 32.45
Area of triangle (General Formula)
 1
Area = 2 base x height (if height if given)
1
Area = 2 bc sin (A) (If angle is given)

Equilateral/ Equiangular
1
AT = 2 𝑎2 sin 60°

Circle Circumscribed about a triangle

Heron’s Formula

AT = √s(s − a)(s − b)(s − c)

Circle Inscribed in a Triangle

Circle escribed in a Triangle

11. The sides of a triangle are 8cm, 10cm, and 14cm. Determine the radius of the inscribed and
circumscribing circle.
a. 2.45, 7.14
b. 3.43, 7.14
c. 2.45, 8.14
d. 5.43, 9.3
12. A parcel of land in the form of a triangle has sides 312m and 485m long respectively. The
included angle is 81°30’. Find the area of the land.
a. 78282.9 m2
b. 78828.9 m2
c. 74282.9 m2
d. 74828.9m2
 13. An oblique triangle is inscribed in a circle. If one side of the triangle has a length of 5cm and the
angle subtended by the side is 15°, determine the area of the circle.
a. 329.12 cm2
b. 293.12 cm2
c. 932.12 cm2
d. 923.12 cm2
Ptolemy’s Theorem on Cyclic Quadrilateral
The product of the diagonals is equal to the sum of the products of the opposite sides
d1d2 = ab + cd

14. The two adjacent sides of a cyclic quadrilateral are 2 and 5 and the angle between them is 60°. If
the third side is 3, what is the 4th side?
a. 2
b. 3
c. 4
d. 5
15. A cyclic quadrilateral has the sides AB = 8, BC = 10, and CD= 12 cm respectively. The fourth side
DA is the diameter of the circle. Find the area of the circle.
a. 312
b. 412
c. 317
d. 417
Secant-Secant Theorem Secant-Tangent Theorem

(CA)(CB)=(EA)(ED) (PT)2 = (PQ)(PR)

16. The road is tangent to a circular lake. Along the road and 12 miles from the point of tangency,
another road opens toward the lake. From the intersection of the two roads to the periphery of
the lake, the length of the new road is 11 miles. If the new road will be prolonged across the
lake, find the length of the bridge to be constructed.
a. 2.09 c. 3.08
b. 4.06 d. 5.07