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TE Experiment 6

The document outlines an experiment conducted by students from the Singapore Polytechnic to determine the particle size distribution of aggregates for subbase material through sieve analysis. It details the aim, apparatus, procedure, results, and discussions regarding the significance of the analysis, precautions, and compliance with grading specifications. The findings indicate that the sample meets the required gradation limits set by the Land Transport Authority for use as sub-base material.

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20 views9 pages

TE Experiment 6

The document outlines an experiment conducted by students from the Singapore Polytechnic to determine the particle size distribution of aggregates for subbase material through sieve analysis. It details the aim, apparatus, procedure, results, and discussions regarding the significance of the analysis, precautions, and compliance with grading specifications. The findings indicate that the sample meets the required gradation limits set by the Land Transport Authority for use as sub-base material.

Uploaded by

thaqiffxuss
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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School of

SINGAPORE Architecture &


POLYTECHNIC The Built
Environment

Diploma in Civil Engineering with Business

EXPERIMENT NO. 6:
Sieve Analysis of Aggregates for Subbase Material
Academic Year: 2021/2022 S2
Module Code: BE8313
Module Name: Transportation Engineering

Group No: 2 Class: DCEB/FT/3A/23


Student Name Admission No.
Rudika Bin Mohd Ali P1918841
Putera Muhammad Faiez bin Yazli P1918797
Arjun S/O Meikkappan P1901946
Bernice Chau Shuet Ying P1939846

Lecturer: Ms Elizabeth Chow Score:


AIM

To determine the particle size distribution of coarse and fine aggregates by dry
sieve analysis.

INTRODUCTION

Sub-base material shall be natural sand, crushed rock or crushed concrete or


Recycled Aggregates, which is a product from the processing of Construction and
Demolition (C&D) wastes, or any other granular material accepted by the Engineer.
The material shall be well-graded and lie within the grading limits of Table 6.1. The
particle size shall be determined in accordance with BS 1377.

Table 6.1 Gradation of Sub-Base Material

BS Sieve Size % by Weight Passing

75 mm 100
37.5 mm 85-100
10 mm 45-100
5 mm 25-85
600 µm 8-45
75 µm 0-10

A sample of dry aggregates of known mass is separated through a series of sieves


of progressively smaller openings for determination of particle size distribution.

Particle size distribution by sieve analysis presents the relative proportions of


different sizes of particles and determines their gradation curve.
APPARATUS

a) Test sieves as follows:


75 mm, 37.5mm, 10mm, 5 mm, 600 µm, 75 µm and a receiving pan.

b) Balance(s) accurate to within 0.1 % of the weight of the sample.

c) Sieve brushes

d) Tray(s).

e) A mechanical sieve shaker


PROCEDURE
a) 1 kg of oven-dried representative aggregate samples are weighed.

b) The sample is made up of coarse aggregates between 400 g and 500 g & fine
aggregates between 500 g and 600 g.

c) The aggregates are placed and arranged on the sieve stack in order of
decreasing sieve size.

d) The sieve stack is placed on the mechanical sieve shaker. The shaker is run
for 10 minutes, controlled by an automatic shut-off timer.

e) The sieve stack is removed from the sieve shaker and the amount of
aggregates retained on each sieve is weighed.
RESULTS & CALCULATIONS

a) Enter all information in the data sheet provided and calculate the percentage
passing each sieve.

Date: 24 January 2022

Coarse Aggregates = 400.7 g

Fine Aggregates = 600.3 g

Total mass of soil sample: 1001 g

Sieve Mass Mass Cumulative Max Min


Size (mm) Retained Passing % by weight Passing Passing (%)
(g) (g) passing (%)

75 0.0 1001.00 100.00 100 100

37.5 0.0 1001.00 100.00 100 85

10 242.4 758.60 75.78 100 45

5 161.3 597.30 59.67 85 25

0.600 398.5 198.80 19.86 45 8

0.075 185.0 13.80 1.38 10 0

Pan 12.4 1.40 0.14

Total 999.6
b) Plot the following grading curves on a standard semi-log graph paper or using
MS Excel and logarithmic scale on x-axis.

i) Upper and lower grading limits of percentage by weight passing


against sieve size accordingly to Table 6.1.

ii) Cumulative percentage by weight passing of the aggregates against


sieve size.

c) From the grading curve, estimate the percentage of coarse aggregates, fine
aggregates and filler in this sample.

Type of Coarse Aggregate Fine Aggregate (FA) Filler


Aggregates (CA)

Size Range (mm) ≥ 4.75 4.75 - 0.075 > 0.063

% from the 100% - % at 4.75 mm - filler % % at 0.063 mm


grading curve % at 4.75 mm = 28 - 1 = 27 % =1%
= 100 - 28 = 72 %
DISCUSSION
a. Discuss the significance of the sieve analysis of aggregates.
In order to determine compliance with design, production control
requirements, and validation standards, the sieve analysis analyzes the
gradation (the distribution of aggregate particles by size within a particular
sample). To mention a few applications, gradation data can also be used to
calculate relationships between various aggregates or aggregate blends,
evaluate compatibility with such blends, and predict trends during production
by graphically plotting gradation curves.
b. List at least three (3) precautions that you should take to ensure best results.
i. Use a brush to sweep each test sieve. Ensure that there are no leftover
fine or coarse aggregates on each sieve, in order to maintain a more
accurate result when weighing the samples according to their sizes.
ii. Ensure that the sieves do not have worn out meshes, distorted
openings or torn meshes to avoid obtaining inaccurate results.
iii. Ensure that the sieves are not overloaded. An ideal sieve should retain
less than one to two layers of material at completion. Excess material
will clog the mesh, producing inaccurate results.
c. Comment on the grading curve of the sample and state whether it complies
with the mix gradation specified by LTA.

Based on the “Materials and Workmanship Specification for Civil and


Structural Works” by the Land Transport Authority, the sample is suitable to
act as the sub-base for the road as the % by weight passing through the sieve
size is within the upper and lower limit of the requirement.
SAFETY PRECAUTIONS
1) Always keep clear of the mechanical sieve shaker during operation.
2) Ensure that the electronic balance is tared before starting to weigh.
3) Wear a face mask to avoid inhaling fine aggregate particles.
REFERENCE
● Ben B., 2016. Sieve Analysis of Coarse Aggregate: From the Field to the Lab.
(Online) Available at:
https://www.globalgilson.com/blog/sieve-analysis-of-coarse-aggregate
[Accessed on 6 February 2022]
● In.gov, 2020. SIEVE ANALYSIS OF FINE AND COARSE AGGREGATES.
(Online) Available at:
https://www.in.gov/indot/div/mt/aashto/testmethods/aashto_t27.pdf
[Accessed on 6 February 2022]

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