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Module 3 Lesson 1 Consensus and Conflict

Module 3 of the course 'The Teacher and the Community, School Culture, and Organizational Leadership' explores the relationship between society and education, emphasizing the interdependence of schools and social institutions. It discusses three social science theories—Consensus and Conflict Theory, Structural Functionalist Theory, and Interactionist Theory—and their implications for education. The module aims to help students understand the nature of schools, community relationships, and the influence of social science theories on education.

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14 views6 pages

Module 3 Lesson 1 Consensus and Conflict

Module 3 of the course 'The Teacher and the Community, School Culture, and Organizational Leadership' explores the relationship between society and education, emphasizing the interdependence of schools and social institutions. It discusses three social science theories—Consensus and Conflict Theory, Structural Functionalist Theory, and Interactionist Theory—and their implications for education. The module aims to help students understand the nature of schools, community relationships, and the influence of social science theories on education.

Uploaded by

scbwzfhw8m
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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The Teacher and the Community, School Culture, and Organizational

Leadership

EDUC 107
The Teacher and the
Community, School Culture,
and Organizational Leadership
DIONISIO M. UYCHOCO
2ND Sem 2024-2025

Module 3
Society and Education

1. Lesson 1 Social Dimensions of Education


Topic 1 Consensus and Conflict Theories
Topic 2 Functionalism
Topic 3 Interactionist Theories
2. Lesson 2 Schools and Social Institutions: Family; Education;
Religion;
Economic Institutions; Government
3. Lesson 3 Education 4.0: Responding to the demands of Society


INTRODUCTION
Society and education are inseparable. Societies host educational
institutions which are in turn responsible in maintaining a just, humane, and
civilized society.
Social Science theories offer us a lens through which we see and
examine society. Conversely, society provides a fair and reliable groundwork
for any reforms in education.

MODULE 3 presents and discusses at least three (3) Social Science


Theories – Conflict and Consensus Theory, Structural Functionalist
Theory, and the Interactionist Theory – how each exerts influence on the
teacher, the school, and the community and explains the implication of each
in a dynamic education system.

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The Teacher and the Community, School Culture, and Organizational
Leadership

OBJECTIVES

When you are done with this MODULE, you are expected to be able to:

1. show understanding of the nature of schools, the community,


and school culture;
2. describe an ideal teacher – school – community relationship;
3. show understanding of the implications of social science theories to
education.

Task 1. Test your knowledge.


Activity A. Directions. Write Yes if you agree on each of the
following
statements; No if you don’t, and Uncertain if you are not sure,
on the blank provided before each item.

_____ 1. Schools are innately dependent on society for continued


existence.
_____ 2. In a civilized world, social equality is nothing but myth.
_____ 3. Curriculum content and framework is greatly influenced by
society.
_____ 4. Our curriculum depicts our culture, values and aspirations as
a nation.
_____ 5. Schools are established not only for intellectual purposes
but
for political purposes as well.

Activity B. Directions. Read the following text then do the Tasks


required of you to accomplish.

Learning Text 1

Education and Society

Education and schooling are found within the context of society.


Schools exist within social context and any change within schools in terms of
educational aims, goals, and objectives including its contents are always in
relation to societal changes. Society and schools are interdependent and
provide bidirectional influence to each other. Sociology as a science provides

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The Teacher and the Community, School Culture, and Organizational
Leadership

theories, concepts and principles that help us better understand theories and
principles that help shape and guide education. Education on the other hand
through its curriculum trains and educate the people with the necessary
knowledge, skills, values and attitudes that are necessary for its continued
maintenance, growth and development.

Social Science Theories

Three Social Science Theories that provide models of


examining society which in turn provides the bases for educational
changes.

Topic 1. Consensus and Conflict Theory

Consensus and Conflict Theory describes society as with two faces


– consensus and conflict and that sociological theory should be divided into
two parts – consensus theory and conflict theory.

Consensus is defined as the widespread agreement among all


members of a particular society. Consensus Theories view shared norms and
values as fundamental to society. It is the people’s shared norms and values
that ensure the order, peace and stability in the society. Consensus theories
focus on social order based on tacit or implied agreements. Any change that
happens in a society is slow, gradual, and orderly. In Consensus Theory, the
emphasis is on social order, stability or social regulation. The theory is
concerned with the maintenance or continuation of social order in society in
relation to accepted norms, values, rules and regulations as widely accepted
or held collectively by the society. It emerged out of social order, social
stability or social regulation.

Conflict is a disagreement or clash between opposing ideas, principles


or people that may be covert or overt. Conflict theories emphasize the
dominance of some social groups over others. Social order is the result of the
dominance and manipulation of the strong groups over the weak. Social
change is seen as occurring rapidly and disorderly as the subordinate group
tries to overthrow the dominant group, (Ritzer in Vega, et al., 2015, p. 2).
Horton and Hunt (1984 in Vega, et al. 2015,) argued that the focus of the
conflict theory is the heterogeneous nature of society and the disparity,
inequality in the distribution of political and social power. Groups that have
vested interest, and with political, social, and economic power work for rules

3
The Teacher and the Community, School Culture, and Organizational
Leadership

and laws, that serve their own interests, to be passed to the exclusion of
others. A struggle between the two social classes – the dominant and the
dominated; the powerful and the powerless- occurs.

The discussion of the conflict theory is on the emergence of conflict


and what causes it. The theory emerges out of the incompatible aspects of
human society; its conflicts, crisis and social change. Conflict Theorists are
interested in how social institutions – family, government, religion,
education, economic institutions and the media – may help to maintain the
power and privileges of some groups and keep others in a subservient or
subordinate position. They advocate for social change resulting from the
redistribution of resources. In that sense, people who support conflict
theories are viewed as radicals and social activists, (Ballantine & Spade in
Vega, et al. 2015, p.2).

unequal social- patterns of


political- inequality in the reorganization
conflict and change
economic distribution of
structures scarce resources

Karl Marx argued that society is characterized by class conflicts or the


conflict between the bourgeoisie (the rich owners of production) and the
proletariat (the poor workers or working class). From this class struggle or
class conflict, interpreters of the theory posit that social change may emerge
from this conflict.

On the issue of the role of schools in maintaining the dominance of the


powerful over the powerless, Max Weber argued that schools teach and
maintain particular “status cultures” through which groups in society with
similar interests and positions in the status hierarchy are able to maintain
their status, their power, their dominance. Schools are often seen as rather
homogenous in their composition of students and they teach to those
students thus perpetuating that “status culture”.

 Task 2. Look into the major points.


Directions. Give a brief definition of the following terms
discussed in the
text.

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The Teacher and the Community, School Culture, and Organizational
Leadership

1. Consensus means ___________________________________________


_____________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________

2. Conflict means _____________________________________________


_____________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________

 Task 3. Look into the details

Directions. Answer the following questions.

1. Based on the reading text, what is the emphasis of


‘consensus’ in the society?

a. ________________________________________________________
b. ________________________________________________________
c. ________________________________________________________
2. What do people in society achieve when there is “shared norms
and values”?
a. _______________________
b. _______________________
c. _______________________

3. Based on the text what aspects of society cause ‘conflict’?


a. _______________________
b. _______________________
c. _______________________

4. State the main agenda of ‘conflict” based on the diagram.

 Task 4. Find some application


Directions. Cite at least 1 source of conflict commonly observed in
the
society/community.

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The Teacher and the Community, School Culture, and Organizational
Leadership

__________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________

 Task 5. Give your insights

Directions. Answer briefly but concisely.

Give your honest thoughts: Is conflict necessary in a society?


What do you think is the role of conflict in a society?

______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________

Part 1 of Module 3 ends here.

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