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WPU TOM Manual Final

The document outlines practical exercises for measuring the cutting and return stroke ratios in a shaping machine, emphasizing the significance of the quick return mechanism in mechanical engineering. It includes objectives, relevant program outcomes, skills to be developed, experimental procedures, and safety precautions. Additionally, it discusses the estimation of kinematic data for various mechanisms, highlighting the importance of understanding inversions and kinematic responses in practical applications.

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0% found this document useful (0 votes)

33 views46 pages

WPU TOM Manual Final

Uploaded by

sohamrj20

We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.

Available Formats

Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

You are on page 1/ 46

Practical No.

1 & 2
Measurement of ratio of time of cutting stroke to the returns stroke in shaping
machine by varying the stroke length. (Part I, II)

I Practical Significance
Quick return mechanism used in shaper machine is an important and useful inversion of
single slider crank mechanism. Knowing its working and its features is essential for diploma
engineer.

II Relevant Program Outcomes (POs)

PO2–Discipline Knowledge – Apply mechanical engineering knowledge to solve broad-based

mechanical engineering related problems
PO3 -Experiments and practice: Plan to perform experiments and practices to use the resultsto
solve broad-based Mechanical Engineering problems.
PO8 – Individual and Team Work – Function effectively as a leader and team member in
diverse/multidisciplinary teams.

III Competency and Skills

This practical is expected to develop the following skills for the industry identified
competency ‘Use principles of kinematics and dynamics in maintenance
of various equipments’:
1. Identify the components of the quick return mechanism used in shaper machine.
2. Adjust stroke length of the quick return mechanism by varying crank radius using
spanner and other tools.
3. Measure time of stroke using appropriate instrument.
IV Relevant Course Outcome(s)
 Identify various links in popular mechanisms.

V Practical Outcome
Measure the ratio of time of cutting stroke to the return stroke in shaping machine
available in institute’s workshop by varying the stroke length.

VI Relevant Affective Domain Unrelated Outcomes

1) Follow safe practices
2) Practice good housekeeping
3) Practice energy conservation
4) Demonstrate working as a leader/a team member
5) Maintain tools and equipment
6) Follow ethical practices
VII Minimum Theoretical Background
Knowledge of single crank mechanism, its links and pairs, inversions of single slider
crank mechanism.

VIII Experimental setup

Figure 1: Schematic of the quick return mechanism used in shaper machine

Figure 2: A typical shaper machine

IX Resources Used

S. No. Name of Resource Broad Specification Quantity

1. Shaper machine Available in institute’s workshop 1
2. Stop watch Mechanical stopwatch 1
3. Steel rule 1 m length 1
4. Spanner set, hammer & Available in workshop 1
mallet
5. Tachometer Mechanical or optical type of tachometer 1

X Precautions to be Followed
1. Due safety precautions while operating a shaper machine.

XI Procedure
1. Open the cover plate of shaper machine to observe the mechanism.
2. Rotate the bull gear manually and identify the various kinematic links and pairs formed
among them.
3. Mark a point on body of machine and ram.
4. Start the machine and observe the movement of ram in cutting and ideal stroke.
5. Note down the movement of point on ram with respect to point on body of machine, this
gives stroke length.
6. Note down the time required for cutting stroke and ideal stroke.
7. Now, adjust the stroke length by varying the radius of the crank.
8. In order to adjust the position of the ram, the ram fixing screw is loosened. The ram is
moved to the required position and the screw is tightened again.
9. Again measure the time required for completion of cutting and ideal stroke length.
10. Close the cover plate and ensure the proper working of the machine.
11. Tabulate the observations.

XII Observations and Calculations

a. Identification of Kinematic pair
Name of First Link Name of Second Link Type of Kinematic Pair

Driving crank Turning

Fixed Link

Slider Turning
Driving crank

Slotted bar Sliding

Slider
Turning
Slotted bar Fixed crank
a. Ratio of cutting to ideal time
Details Time (s) Time Ratio
Cutting Stroke Return Stroke
Reading 1

Reading 2

Reading 3

Reading 4

*Minimum two readings are to be recorded by adjusting the crank radius

Changes during COVID

Also students shall draw a space diagram and find stroke length

XIII Calculations

- Time of cutting stroke / Time of return stroke = α / β

= α / (360 ° – α) = ---------------------------

= (360° − β / β) = ----------------------------

XIV Result

1. Time of cutting stroke / Time of return stroke = ---------------------------------------------------

2. Length of cutting stroke = -----------------------------------------------------------------

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
XV Conclusions
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

XVI Practical Related Questions

1. List the links of which the motion is constrained in the quick return
mechanism in a shaper machine.
2. List the sliding and turning pairs in the quick return mechanism.
3. State the procedure of changing the length of cutting stroke of the quick
return mechanism.
4. State applications of shaper machine

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

XVII Laboratory Continuous Assessment Rubric

DIMENS SCALE
ION 0 1 2 3 4 Marks

Performedand Performedon
Regularit DidnotPerform/ submittedlatertha Performedon schedule; Performedand
schedule;submitte
yandpunc submit dtwoweeks submitted
nscheduleddatew submittedone asperschedule
tuality ithpermission late weeklate

Neithershowsan Understandsobject Understandsobject

Understan y Statestheobjecti Canonlystatethe ive ive
dingtheO understandingofth ve objectivebutshows butcannotplaceit and canrelateit
bjective eobjectivenorcanr veryvaguely poorunderstanding incontextofatheor toanappropriateth
elateittotheory ytopic eorytopic

Followsright
Followsright Followsright
Understan Cannotfollowth Followstheproce procedure;butcan procedure,cananal procedure,
e dure cananalyzedata
dingofPro procedure anddo notanalyze ysedatabutcannoti and
cedure anywork half-heartedly
dataandinterpretit nterpretit interpretitwithjust
ification

Performsthe
Performsthe experimentwithso Performsexperim Performsexperim
ent ent
experimentonly mesupervisoryhel onownwithoutsu
Doesnotparticipat withthehelpfrom onownwithoutsupe pervisor‟s
Experime e p,forgets rvisor‟shelp;record helpand recordsall
ntSkills intheexperiment supervisor/ somecrucialreadin s all the
othersandisconf gs.Is thereadingsproperl
readingsproperlyb y.Keeps theset-
usedanduntidy. confusedanduntid utisuntidy.
y upcleanandtidy.

Completestheres Completestheresu Produceshisown Produceshisown

ult lt
analysiswiththe analysiswiththe resultanalysisbutbl resultanalysisfa
Copiesthe amesothersforanyi ithfullyand
Ethics resultsfrom help helpof
Others ofothersbutforget othersandackno nadequacyfounddu ownsuptheresults
stoacknowledget wledges ringtheexaminatio withoutanyma
n nipulation
hehelp. thehelp.

Total

Teacher’s Signature
Practical No. 3
Estimate important kinematic data of mechanisms to sketch them.
XIII Practical Significance
A mechanism is one in which one of the link of a kinematic chain is fixed. Different
mechanisms can be obtained by fixing different links of the same kinematic chain. These are
called as inversions of the mechanism. By changing the fixed link, the number of mechanisms
which can be obtained is equal to the number of links. The inversion of a mechanism does not
change the motion of its links relative to each other.

XIV Relevant Program Outcomes (POs)

PO2–Discipline Knowledge – Apply mechanical engineering knowledge to solve broad-based
mechanical engineering related problems
PO3 -Experiments and practice: Plan to perform experiments and practices to use the resultsto
solve broad-based Mechanical Engineering problems.
PO8 – Individual and Team Work – Function effectively as a leader and team member in
diverse/multidisciplinary teams.

XV Competency and Skills

XVI Relevant Course Outcome(s)

 Identify various links in popular mechanisms.

XVII Practical Outcome

Estimate important kinematic data related to following mechanisms and sketch them
a) Bicycle free wheel sprocket mechanism
b) Geneva mechanism

XVIII Relevant Affective Domain Unrelated Outcomes

7) Follow safe practices
8) Practice good housekeeping
9) Practice energy conservation
10) Demonstrate working as a leader/a team member
11) Maintain tools and equipment
12) Follow ethical practices
XIX Minimum Theoretical Background
It is important to study the kinematic response of the mechanism because of practical
applications. It is also useful in determining the kinematic equivalence of other
mechanisms. Kinematic data such as displacement, velocity and acceleration of simple
mechanisms can be obtained and compare with other mechanisms.

XX Experimental setup

Figure 1: Bicycle free wheel sprocket mechanism (any suitable scale)

Figure 2: Geneva Mechanism

XXI Resources Used

S. No. Name of Resource Broad Specification Quantity

6. Working model of 1
bicycle free wheel
sprocket mechanism
7. Working model of 1
Geneva mechanism

XXII Precautions to be Followed

2. Do not rotate the mechanism with high speed.

XXIII Procedure
12. Place the working model on the work table.
13. Observe all the links in mechanism.
14. Give motion to input link and observe the motion of the other links in relation to the input
link.
15. Dismantle different parts or links of the mechanism if possible.
16. Observe the details of different links or parts.
17. Reassemble the parts or links and ensure the proper working of mechanism.

XXIV Observations and Calculations

b. Bicycle free wheel sprocket mechanism
Name of part / link Description / Function of part / link
Main body Consist of hub which is fitted on wheel axle. Hub has provision to mount pawls &
springs.

Pawl Is fitted on hub. Gets compressed when sprocket rotates in one directions.
Whereas gets locked with ratchet when sprocket rotates in other direction.

Spring Fitted on hub below the pawl.

Outer toothed sprocket Placed on hub with bearings in between.

c. Geneva Mechanism
Name of part / link Description / Function of part / link
Crank Rotates continuously with the help of a prime mover. Called driver. Has a PIN on
it. Also has a raised circular locking disc that locks Geneva wheel no it’s motion is
not desired.

Geneva Wheel Has desired number of slots on periphery. Rotates intermittently, only when PIN
enters Geneva wheel slot.

XIII Calculations

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

XIV Result

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

XV Conclusions
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

XVI Practical Related Questions

1. If freewheel is not provided at rear wheel, what will be the effect on

working of bicycle? (pedal will rotate as per speed of cycle, and will
be difficult to handle)
2. During forward pedaling, sometimes pedals rotate in forward direction
without carrying rear
wheel. State the reason (ratchet wear, spring lost tension, pawl
wear)
3. If some ratchets of freewheel are worn out, what will be its effect? (U
may pedal but cycle will nor move)
4. State any other application of pawl and ratchet mechanism. (Spanners,
fishing reels, rack & pinion jacks))
5. If the chain of bicycle is over tightened, what will be its effect on the
motion of freewheel?
6. State the practical applications of Geneva mechanism.
7. State the basic kinematic chain used in Geneva mechanism.

Single degree of freedom. Two are revolute pairs i.e. driver wheel &
geneva wheel with fixed link, third is higher pair)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

XVII Laboratory Continuous Assessment Rubric

DIMENS SCALE
ION 0 1 2 3 4 M
ar
Performed
Regularit DidnotPerform/ Performedand Performedon Performedon and
schedule;submit submitt
yandpunc submit submittedlaterthanschedule tedtwoweeks schedule; submittedone
ed
tuality ddatewithpermission late weeklate aspersc
hedule
Understan
Neithershowsan dsobjectiv
Understan y Canonlystatethe Understandsobjective e
Statestheobjective objectivebutsho and
dingtheO understandingofth veryvaguely wspoorundersta
butcannotplaceit
bjective eobjectivenorcanr nding incontextofatheorytopic canrelatei
elateittotheory t
toanappro
Follow
Followsright sright
Understan Cannotfollowth Followstheprocedure
procedure;butc Followsright proce
e annotanalyze procedure,cananalysedatab dure,
dingofPro procedure anddo half-heartedly
cedure dataandinterpre utcannotinterpretit cananalyz
anywork edata and
tit interpretit
withjustifi
Performse
Performsthe xperiment
experimentwith onown
Performsthe Performsexperiment without
somesupervisor
Doesnotparticipat experimentonlywiththehel yhelp,forgets onownwithoutsupervisor‟sh supervis
Experime e pfromsupervisor/ elp;records all the or‟s
ntSkills intheexperiment othersandisconfusedandun somecrucialrea readingsproperlybutisuntid helpand
dings.Is recordsall
tidy. y.
confusedandunt thereading
idy sproperly.
Keeps
Produce
Completesther shisown
esult resulta
Completestheresult analysiswithth Produceshisown nalysis
Copiesthe analysiswiththe help resultanalysisbutblamesoth faithful
Ethics resultsfrom e helpof
Others ofothersbutforgetstoackno othersandack ersforanyinadequacyfoundd lyand
wledgethehelp. nowledges uringtheexamination ownsupt
thehelp. heresults
withou
tanym

Total

Teacher’s Signature

Practical No. 4
Estimate important kinematic data of mechanisms to sketch them.
XXV Practical Significance
A mechanism is one in which one of the link of a kinematic chain is fixed. Different
mechanisms can be obtained by fixing different links of the same kinematic chain. These are
called as inversions of the mechanism. By changing the fixed link, the number of mechanisms
which can be obtained is equal to the number of links. The inversion of a mechanism does not
change the motion of its links relative to each other.

XXVI Relevant Program Outcomes (POs)

PO2–Discipline Knowledge – Apply mechanical engineering knowledge to solve broad-based
mechanical engineering related problems
PO3 -Experiments and practice: Plan to perform experiments and practices to use the results to
solve broad-based Mechanical Engineering problems.
PO8 – Individual and Team Work – Function effectively as a leader and team member in
diverse/multidisciplinary teams.

XXVIICompetency and Skills

XXVIII Relevant Course Outcome(s)

 Identify various links in popular mechanisms.

XXIX Practical Outcome

Estimate important kinematic data related to following mechanisms and sketch them
c) Ackerman’s Steering gear mechanism
d) Foot operated air pump mechanism

XXX Relevant Affective Domain Unrelated Outcomes

13) Follow safe practices
14) Practice good housekeeping
15) Practice energy conservation
16) Demonstrate working as a leader/a team member
17) Maintain tools and equipment
18) Follow ethical practices

XXXI Minimum Theoretical Background

It is important to study the kinematic response of the mechanism because of practical
applications. It is also useful in determining the kinematic equivalence of other
mechanisms. Kinematic data such as displacement, velocity and acceleration of simple
mechanisms can be obtained and compare with other mechanisms.

XXXII Experimental setup

Figure 1: Ackerman’s Steering gear mechanism

e) Figure 2: Foot operated air pump mechanism

XXXIII Resources Used

S. No. Name of Resource Broad Specification Quantity

8. Working model of 1
Ackerman’s Steering
gear mechanism
9. Working model of Foot 1
operated air pump
mechanism

XXXIV Precautions to be Followed

3. Do not rotate the mechanism with high speed.

XXXVProcedure
18. Place the working model on the work table.
19. Observe all the links in mechanism.
20. Give motion to input link and observe the motion of the other links in relation to the input
link.
21. Dismantle different parts or links of the mechanism if possible.
22. Observe the details of different links or parts.
23. Reassemble the parts or links and ensure the proper working of mechanism.

XXXVI Observations and Calculations

d. Ackerman’s Steering gear mechanism
Name of part / link Description / Function of part / link
The Pump  . The power steering pump's job is to pressurize the hydraulic
fluid. ...
The Pump Pulley.  Like a multitude of other components beneath your hood, the
power steering pump receives its own power from your car's
engine. ...
The Rotary Valve.  The Rotary Valve.

e. Foot operated air pump mechanism

Name of part / link Description / Function of part / link
Pressure Indicator
Piston
Spring
Check valve

XIII Calculations

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

XIV Result

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

XV Conclusions
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

XVI Practical Related Questions

1. Explain Ackerman Steering gear mechanism

2. State Practical applications of Ackerman Steering gear mechanism

3. Explain Foot operated air pump mechanism

4. State Practical applications of Foot operated air pump mechanism

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

XVII Laboratory Continuous Assessment Rubric

DIMENS SCALE
ION 0 1 2 3 4 M
ar
Performed
Regularit DidnotPerform/ Performedand Performedon Performedon and
schedule;submit submitt
yandpunc submit submittedlaterthanschedule tedtwoweeks schedule; submittedone ed
tuality ddatewithpermission late weeklate aspersc
hedule
Understan
Neithershowsan dsobjectiv
Understan y Canonlystatethe Understandsobjective e
understandingofth Statestheobjective objectivebutsho and
dingtheO butcannotplaceit
veryvaguely wspoorundersta
bjective eobjectivenorcanr nding incontextofatheorytopic canrelatei
elateittotheory t
toanappro
Follow
Followsright sright
Understan Cannotfollowth Followstheprocedure
procedure;butc Followsright proce
e annotanalyze procedure,cananalysedatab dure,
dingofPro procedure anddo half-heartedly
cedure dataandinterpre utcannotinterpretit cananalyz
anywork edata and
tit interpretit
withjustifi
Performse
Performsthe xperiment
experimentwith onown
Performsthe Performsexperiment without
somesupervisor
Doesnotparticipat experimentonlywiththehel yhelp,forgets onownwithoutsupervisor‟sh supervis
Experime e pfromsupervisor/ elp;records all the or‟s
ntSkills intheexperiment othersandisconfusedandun somecrucialrea readingsproperlybutisuntid helpand
dings.Is recordsall
tidy. y.
confusedandunt thereading
idy sproperly.
Keeps
Produce
Completesther shisown
esult resulta
Completestheresult analysiswithth Produceshisown nalysis
Copiesthe analysiswiththe help resultanalysisbutblamesoth faithful
Ethics resultsfrom e helpof
Others ofothersbutforgetstoackno othersandack ersforanyinadequacyfoundd lyand
wledgethehelp. nowledges uringtheexamination ownsupt
thehelp. heresults
withou
tanym

Total

Teacher’s Signature

Experiment No.5& 6
Draw Profile of radial cam for a given follower type to obtain the desired follower motion.
Part I, II

I. Practical Significance
Cam followers are used for conversion of rotary motion into translatory motion.
These are widely used in machines, engines and mechanisms. Cam profile determines
desired motion of the follower.
II. Relevant Program Outcomes (POs)
PO 2. Discipline knowledge: Apply Mechanical engineering knowledge to solve
broad-based mechanical engineering related problems.
PO 3. Experiments and practice: Plan to perform experiments and practices to use the
results to solve broad-based Mechanical engineering problems.
III. Competency and Skills
This practical is expected to develop the following skills for the industry identified
competency ‘• Use principles of kinematics and dynamics in maintenance of
various equipment.’
1. Select suitable cam and follower for a given application to obtain desired motion.
2. Select the type of motion to the follower for a given application.
3. Draw displacement diagram of the follower.
4. Draw the cam profile.
IV. Relevant Course Outcome(s)
Analyze the motion of cams and followers.
V. Practical Outcome
Draw profile of a radial cam for given follower type to obtain the desired follower
motion
VI. Relevant Affective Domain Unrelated Outcomes
1) Follow safety practices.
2) Practice good housekeeping.
3) Demonstrate working as a leader/a team member.
4) Maintain tools and equipment.
VII. Minimum Theoretical Background
Classification of Cams and Followers, Applications of Cams and Followers, Types of
follower motions and their displacement diagrams - Uniform velocity, Simple
harmonic motion, uniform acceleration and retardation
VIII. Experimental setup
Cam Profile and Follower Motions
IX. Resources Required
S.No. Name of Resource Suggested Broad Specification Quantity
1 Drawing Bo ard A2 size 1
2 Drawing sh eet A3 or A4 size 1
3 Mini drafter, steel rule (30
cm), sets squares 1 each
X Precautions
..........................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................
XI. Procedure
(Solve any 4 problems with different cams and follower with different motions of
follower)
a. Procedure for Displacement Diagram
1. Draw a semi-circle on the follower stroke as diameter.
2. Divide the semi-circle into any number of even equal parts (say eight).
3. Divide the angular displacements of the cam during out stroke and return stroke
into the same number of equal parts.
4. The displacement diagram is obtained by projecting the points
b. Procedure for drawing cam profile
1. Draw a base circle with radius equal to the minimum radius of the cam
2. Check the axis of the follower passes/offsets through the axis of the cam shaft,
therefore mark trace point
3. From Crank, locate the angle of Rise, dwell and fal as per the displacement
diagram
4. Divide the angular displacements during outstroke and return stroke
5. Joins points with centre ‘O’
6. Join the points with smooth curve. The curve is known as ‘Cam Profile’
XII. Resources Used
Sr.No. Name of Resource Broad Specifications Quantity Remark Make Details (If any)
1.
2.
3.
XIII. Actual
XIII. Actual Procedure Followed
..........................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................... .
XIV. Precautions Followed
..........................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................
XV. Observations and Calculations
SrNo Details Problem1 Problem2 Problem3 Problem4
1 Type of follower
2 Type of cam
3 Lift of cam
4 Offset of cam
5 Follower motion with angle
of cam (Acceleration,
dwell, deceleration)
6 Minimum radius of cam
7 Roller radius
8 Any other Information

XVI. Results
..........................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................
XVII. Interpretation of Results
..........................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................
XVIII. Conclusions
..........................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................
XIX. Practical Related Questions
Note: Below given are few sample questions for reference. Teachers should design
more such questions so as to ensure the achievement of identified CO.
1. State the types of motions of followers.
2. List the any four applications of cams in the Machinery/equipment
[Space for Answers]
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XVII Continuous Assessment Rubric
DIMENSI SCALE
ON 0 1 2 3 4 M
ar
Performeda
Performedand Performedon Performedon nd
Regularity
DidnotPerform/ schedule;submitte submitte
andpunctu submittedlaterthanscheduledd dtwoweeks schedule; submittedone
submit d
ality atewithpermission late weeklate aspersch
edule
Understand
sobjective
Neithershowsany Canonlystatethe and
Understan Understandsobjective
understandingofthe Statestheobjective objectivebutshow
dingtheOb objectivenorcanrelat butcannotplaceit canrelateit
veryvaguely spoorunderstandi
jective ng incontextofatheorytopic toanapprop
eittotheory riatetheoryt
opic
Follows
right
Followsright proced
Understan Cannotfollowthe Followsright
Followstheprocedure procedure;butcan
dingofProc procedure anddo procedure,cananalysedatabutc ure,
anywork half-heartedly notanalyze cananalyze
edure annotinterpretit data and
dataandinterpretit
interpretit
withjustific
ation
Performsex
periment
Performsthe
onownwi
experimentwiths thoutsup
Performsthe
omesupervisoryh Performsexperiment ervisor‟s
experimentonlywiththehelpfr
Experimen Doesnotparticipate elp,forgets onownwithoutsupervisor‟shelp helpand
omsupervisor/
tSkills intheexperiment somecrucialreadi ;records all the recordsall
othersandisconfusedanduntid
ngs.Is readingsproperlybutisuntidy. thereadings
y.
confusedanduntid properly.Ke
y eps theset-
upcleanandt
idy.
Produces
hisown
Completestheres resultan
ult
Completestheresult analysiswiththe Produceshisown alysisfai
Copiesthe analysiswiththe help resultanalysisbutblamesothersf thfullya
Ethics resultsfrom helpof
Others ofothersbutforgetstoacknowle othersandackno oranyinadequacyfoundduringt nd
dgethehelp. heexamination ownsupth
wledges eresults
thehelp. without
anyman
ipulatio
Total

Teacher’s Signature
Experiment No.7 & 8
Draw Profile of offset cam for a given follower type to obtain the desired follower motion.
Part III, IV

XVII Continuous Assessment Rubric

DIMENSI SCALE
ON 0 1 2 3 4 M
ar
Performeda
Performedand Performedon Performedon nd
Regularity
DidnotPerform/ schedule;submitte submitte
andpunctu submittedlaterthanscheduledd dtwoweeks schedule; submittedone
submit d
ality atewithpermission late weeklate aspersch
edule
Understand
sobjective
Neithershowsany Canonlystatethe and
Understan Understandsobjective
understandingofthe Statestheobjective objectivebutshow
dingtheOb objectivenorcanrelat butcannotplaceit canrelateit
veryvaguely spoorunderstandi
jective ng incontextofatheorytopic toanapprop
eittotheory riatetheoryt
opic
Follows
right
Followsright proced
Understan Cannotfollowthe Followsright
Followstheprocedure procedure;butcan
dingofProc procedure anddo procedure,cananalysedatabutc ure,
anywork half-heartedly notanalyze cananalyze
edure annotinterpretit data and
dataandinterpretit
interpretit
withjustific
ation
Performsex
periment
Performsthe
onownwi
experimentwiths thoutsup
Performsthe
omesupervisoryh Performsexperiment ervisor‟s
experimentonlywiththehelpfr
Experimen Doesnotparticipate elp,forgets onownwithoutsupervisor‟shelp helpand
omsupervisor/
tSkills intheexperiment somecrucialreadi ;records all the recordsall
othersandisconfusedanduntid
ngs.Is readingsproperlybutisuntidy. thereadings
y.
confusedanduntid properly.Ke
y eps theset-
upcleanandt
idy.
Produces
hisown
Completestheres resultan
ult
Completestheresult Produceshisown alysisfai
Copiesthe analysiswiththe
resultsfrom analysiswiththe help helpof resultanalysisbutblamesothersf thfullya
Ethics
Others ofothersbutforgetstoacknowle othersandackno oranyinadequacyfoundduringt nd
dgethehelp. heexamination ownsupth
wledges eresults
thehelp. without
anyman
ipulatio
Total

Teacher’s Signature

Practical No. 9 & 10

Assemble and Dismantle different brakes (Part I &II)

I. Practical Significance
A brake is a device used to exert frictional resistance over a moving body to stop or
retard it within a short time period. In braking action, the kinetic energy of moving
body is absorbed. In a two wheeler, mechanically operated brake is commonly is used
to brake the motion of wheel.
II. Relevant Program Outcomes (POs)
PO 2. Discipline knowledge: Apply Mechanical engineering knowledge to solve
broad-based mechanical engineering related problems.
PO 3. Experiments and practice: Plan to perform experiments and practices to use the
results to solve broad-based Mechanical engineering problems.
PO 8. Individual and team work: Function effectively as a leader and team member in
diverse/ multidisciplinary teams.
III. Competency and Skills
This practical is expected to develop the following skills for the industry identified
competency ‘• Use principles of kinematics and dynamics in maintenance of
various equipment.’
IV. Relevant Course Outcome(s)
 Select relevant brakes and clutches for various applications
V. Practical Outcome
 Calculate breaking torque required in different breaks at different speeds and load
situations.
VI. Relevant Affective Domain Unrelated Outcomes
1 Follow safety practices.
2 Practice good housekeeping.
3 Demonstrate working as a leader/a team member.
4 Maintain tools and equipment.
5 Follow ethical Practices.
VII. Minimum Theoretical Background
A Brake is used to apply frictional resistance to a moving body to stop or retard it by
absorbing its Kinetic Energy. When the brake pedal is pressed, brake shoes expand or
move outwards and get pressed against the inner surface of the brake drum. The force
of friction applied to the rotating drum produces a brake torque in the opposite
direction, which retards or stops the rotating wheel.

VIII. Experimental setup

Disc brake Drum Brake
IX Resources Required
S.
No. Name of Resource Suggested Broad Specification Quantity

1 Brake performance test rig A test bench comprising of

following drum, flat belt,
electrical motor, arrangement
for adjusting& measuring belt
tensions and regulating speed of
the driving motor and a suitable
mounting frame
Note:- Various manufacturers
offer such test bench with their
own proprietary design. Hence
the institutes are advised to
purchase any suitable bench for
measuring the slip of belt. 01
2 Digital Tachometer Range 0 to 3000RPM 01

X Procedure

1. Place the motorcycle on main stand

2. Locate the position of brake in the vehicle
3. Press brake pedal or lever and observe the relative motion of different parts of
brake mechanism
4. Remove front(or rear) wheel from the axle and open the cover plate(if any) on the
brake drum
5. Observe the construction of actual brake mechanism inside brake drum
6. Turn the cam manually and watch the movement of brake shoes about the fulcrum
7. Remove the spring and repeat step no.6
8. Reassemble the brake and install the wheel again
9. Write the list of components and their functions in observation table.

XI Observations
Table: Components of Brake and their function (students to write)

Sr No Name of component Function of component

XII. Conclusion:

1. In braking action, the kinetic energy is converted in to --------------------------(heat

energy/pressure enrgy)
2. In the brake, the applied force is ---------------------(magnified/reduced)
3. +
4. Frequent adjustment is necessary in the brake due to wear of -----------------------------
(brake shoe/shoe lining)

XIII. Questions:

1. State the functions of brake

2. What is the difference between a mechanical and hydraulic brake
3. How is the brake lining fitted to the brake shoe
4. Why leather can not be used as a material for the friction lining
5. Why brake drum gets heated during braking operation? Give reason
6. Is it possible to use internal expanding brake mechanism on a bicycle
7. What is the difference between clutch and brake
8. Mention any two factors upon which the capacity of brake depends
9. Mention four desirable characteristics of the materials used for brake lining
10. Mention any two materials used as friction lining
11. State any advantage of an internal expanding shoe brake over band brake
12. State the necessity of using spring in the brake.
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XVII Continuous Assessment Rubric
DIMENSI SCALE
ON 0 1 2 3 4 M
ar
Performeda
Performedand Performedon Performedon nd
Regularity
DidnotPerform/ schedule;submitte submitte
andpunctu submittedlaterthanscheduledd dtwoweeks schedule; submittedone
submit d
ality atewithpermission late weeklate aspersch
edule
Understand
sobjective
Neithershowsany Canonlystatethe and
Understan Understandsobjective
understandingofthe Statestheobjective objectivebutshow
dingtheOb objectivenorcanrelat butcannotplaceit canrelateit
veryvaguely spoorunderstandi
jective ng incontextofatheorytopic toanapprop
eittotheory riatetheoryt
opic
Follows
right
Followsright proced
Understan Cannotfollowthe Followsright
Followstheprocedure procedure;butcan
dingofProc procedure anddo procedure,cananalysedatabutc ure,
anywork half-heartedly notanalyze cananalyze
edure annotinterpretit data and
dataandinterpretit
interpretit
withjustific
ation
Performsex
periment
Performsthe
onownwi
experimentwiths thoutsup
Performsthe
omesupervisoryh Performsexperiment ervisor‟s
experimentonlywiththehelpfr
Experimen Doesnotparticipate elp,forgets onownwithoutsupervisor‟shelp helpand
omsupervisor/
tSkills intheexperiment somecrucialreadi ;records all the recordsall
othersandisconfusedanduntid
ngs.Is readingsproperlybutisuntidy. thereadings
y.
confusedanduntid properly.Ke
y eps theset-
upcleanandt
idy.
Produces
hisown
Completestheres resultan
ult
Completestheresult Produceshisown alysisfai
Copiesthe analysiswiththe
resultsfrom analysiswiththe help helpof resultanalysisbutblamesothersf thfullya
Ethics ofothersbutforgetstoacknowle
Others othersandackno oranyinadequacyfoundduringt nd
dgethehelp. heexamination ownsupth
wledges eresults
thehelp. without
anyman
ipulatio
Total

Teacher’s Signature
Practical No. 11 & 12
Assemble and Dismantle different Clutches (Part I &II)
I. Practical Significance
Clutches are used in for engaging and disengaging the prime over and power
Transmission systems. These are commonly used in most of the automobiles and
Many industrial systems.
II. Relevant Program Outcomes (POs)
PO 2. Discipline knowledge: Apply Mechanical engineering knowledge to solve
Broad-based mechanical engineering related problems.
PO 3. Experiments and practice: Plan to perform experiments and practices to use the
Results to solve broad-based Mechanical engineering problems.
PO 8. Individual and team work: Function effectively as a leader and team member in
Diverse/ multidisciplinary teams.
III. Competency and Skills
This practical is expected to develop the following skills for the industry identified
Competency ‘• Use principles of kinematics and dynamics in maintenance of
Various equipment.’
IV. Relevant Course Outcome(s)
 Select relevant brakes and clutches for various applications
V. Practical Outcome
Assemble and dissemble different clutches
VI. Relevant Affective Domain Unrelated Outcomes
1. Follow safety practices.
2. Practice good housekeeping.
3. Demonstrate working as a leader/a team member.
4. Maintain tools and equipment.
VII. Minimum Theoretical Background
The clutch disc is connected to the input shaft of the transmission, and is located
Between the flywheel and clutch cover assembly. The flywheel is connected to the
Engine crankshaft and the clutch cover assembly is attached to the flywheel. The
Clutch release fork forces the clutch release bearing against the diaphragm spring of
The clutch cover assembly.
VIII. Experimental setup
IX. Resources Required
S. No. Name of Resource Suggested Broad Specification Quantity
1 Single plate clutch 1
2 Tool Box 1
X. Precautions to be followed
1. Due safety precautions while dismantling the clutch.
2. Carefully handle the different tools
XI. Procedure
1 Clean the single plate clutch thoroughly.
2 Carefully dismantle the single plate clutch step by step.
3 Arrange the components sequentially in a clean tray during dismantling process.
4 Note constructional features of each part and its role in working of clutch.
5 Loosely assemble the components in the clutch housing and observe the changes
Occurring inside
6 The assembly during engagement and disengagement.
7 Observe and understand the mechanism of power transmission.
8 Reassemble the unit and ensure its smooth working.
XII. Resources Used
S.No. Name of Resource Broad Specifications Quantity Remarks Make Details (If any)
1. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
3. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
XIII. Actual Procedure Followed
..........................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................
XIV. Precautions Followed
..........................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................

XV. Observations and Calculations

a. Enlist all the parts of Single plate clutch with its Function
Sr Name of Part Functions
No
b. Draw the sketches of Following Parts
Name of Part Sketch
Clutch plate

Pressure plate

XVII Continuous Assessment Rubric

Teacher’s Signature

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WPU TOM Manual Final

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Practical No.

II Relevant Program Outcomes (POs)

PO2–Discipline Knowledge – Apply mechanical engineering knowledge to solve broad-based

III Competency and Skills

VI Relevant Affective Domain Unrelated Outcomes

VIII Experimental setup

Figure 1: Schematic of the quick return mechanism used in shaper machine

Figure 2: A typical shaper machine

S. No. Name of Resource Broad Specification Quantity

XII Observations and Calculations

Driving crank Turning

Slotted bar Sliding

*Minimum two readings are to be recorded by adjusting the crank radius

Changes during COVID

S. No. Link Length

- Time of cutting stroke / Time of return stroke = α / β

1. Time of cutting stroke / Time of return stroke = ---------------------------------------------------

2. Length of cutting stroke = -----------------------------------------------------------------

XVI Practical Related Questions

XVII Laboratory Continuous Assessment Rubric

Neithershowsan Understandsobject Understandsobject

Completestheres Completestheresu Produceshisown Produceshisown

XIV Relevant Program Outcomes (POs)

XV Competency and Skills

XVI Relevant Course Outcome(s)

XVII Practical Outcome

XVIII Relevant Affective Domain Unrelated Outcomes

Figure 1: Bicycle free wheel sprocket mechanism (any suitable scale)

Figure 2: Geneva Mechanism

S. No. Name of Resource Broad Specification Quantity

XXII Precautions to be Followed

XXIV Observations and Calculations

Spring Fitted on hub below the pawl.

Outer toothed sprocket Placed on hub with bearings in between.

XVI Practical Related Questions

1. If freewheel is not provided at rear wheel, what will be the effect on

XVII Laboratory Continuous Assessment Rubric

XXVI Relevant Program Outcomes (POs)

XXVIICompetency and Skills

XXVIII Relevant Course Outcome(s)

XXIX Practical Outcome

XXX Relevant Affective Domain Unrelated Outcomes

XXXI Minimum Theoretical Background

XXXII Experimental setup

Figure 1: Ackerman’s Steering gear mechanism

XXXIII Resources Used

S. No. Name of Resource Broad Specification Quantity

XXXIV Precautions to be Followed

XXXVI Observations and Calculations

e. Foot operated air pump mechanism

XVI Practical Related Questions

1. Explain Ackerman Steering gear mechanism

3. Explain Foot operated air pump mechanism

4. State Practical applications of Foot operated air pump mechanism

XVII Laboratory Continuous Assessment Rubric

XVII Continuous Assessment Rubric

Practical No. 9 & 10

VIII. Experimental setup

1 Brake performance test rig A test bench comprising of

1. Place the motorcycle on main stand

Sr No Name of component Function of component

1. In braking action, the kinetic energy is converted in to --------------------------(heat

1. State the functions of brake

XV. Observations and Calculations

XVII Continuous Assessment Rubric

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