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HW 5&6 For Topic 5

The document contains solutions to various ordinary differential equations (ODEs) from homework assignments 5 and 6. Each solution includes the characteristic equation, general solution, and particular solution where applicable. The equations cover a range of forms including second-order linear ODEs with constant coefficients and non-homogeneous terms.

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Naing Lin Oo
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12 views8 pages

HW 5&6 For Topic 5

The document contains solutions to various ordinary differential equations (ODEs) from homework assignments 5 and 6. Each solution includes the characteristic equation, general solution, and particular solution where applicable. The equations cover a range of forms including second-order linear ODEs with constant coefficients and non-homogeneous terms.

Uploaded by

Naing Lin Oo
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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HW 5 & 6 for Topic 5 (ODEs)

-----------------------------------------------------------

1. Solution
𝑑2 𝑦 𝑑𝑦
− 12 + 36𝑦 = 0
𝑑𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥
A.E is 𝑚2 − 12𝑚 + 36 = 0
(𝑚 − 6)2 = 0
𝑚 = 6 (𝑡𝑤𝑖𝑐𝑒)
The solution is 𝑦 = 𝑒 6𝑥 (𝐴 + 𝐵𝑥 )
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2. Solution
𝑑2 𝑦
+ 7𝑦 = 0
𝑑𝑥 2
A.E is 𝑚2 + 7 = 0
𝑚2 = −7
𝑚 = ±√−7
= ±𝑗√7
The solution is 𝑦 = 𝑒 0𝑥 (𝐴𝑐𝑜𝑠 √7𝑥 + 𝐵𝑠𝑖𝑛 √7𝑥) = 𝐴𝑐𝑜𝑠 √7𝑥 + 𝐵𝑠𝑖𝑛 √7𝑥

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
3. Solution
𝑑2 𝑦 𝑑𝑦
+ 2 − 3𝑦 = 0
𝑑𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥
A.E is 𝑚2 + 2𝑚 − 3 = 0
(𝑚 + 3)(𝑚 − 1) = 0
𝑚 = 1 , −3
The solution is 𝑦 = 𝐴𝑒 𝑥 + 𝐵𝑒 −3𝑥
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

HW 6 for Topic 5 (ODEs)


1. Solution
𝑑2 𝑦 𝑑𝑦
− − 2𝑦 = 8
𝑑𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥
Consider LHS=0
A.E is 𝑚2 − 𝑚 − 2 = 0
(𝑚 − 2)(𝑚 + 1) = 0
𝑚 = −1, 2
The solution is 𝑦 = 𝐴𝑒 −𝑥 + 𝐵𝑒 2𝑥 (CF)
Let 𝑦 = 𝐶
𝑦′ = 0
𝑦′′ = 0
Substitute in given equation,
0 − 0 − 2𝐶 = 8
𝐶 = −4
Hence P.I is 𝑦 = −4
The general solution is 𝑦 = 𝐶𝐹 + 𝑃𝐼
= 𝐴𝑒 −𝑥 + 𝐵𝑒 2𝑥 − 4
−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
2. Solution
𝑑2 𝑦
2
− 4𝑦 = 10𝑒 3𝑥
𝑑𝑥
Consider LHS=0
A.E is 𝑚2 − 4 = 0
(𝑚 − 2)(𝑚 + 2) = 0
𝑚 = 2, − 2
The solution is 𝑦 = 𝐴𝑒 2𝑥 + 𝐵𝑒 −2𝑥 (CF)
Let 𝑦 = 𝐶𝑒 3𝑥
𝑦′ = 3𝐶𝑒 3𝑥
𝑦′′ = 9𝐶𝑒 3𝑥
Substitute in given equation,
9𝐶𝑒 3𝑥 − 4𝐶𝑒 3𝑥 = 10𝑒 3𝑥
9𝐶 − 4𝐶 = 10
5𝐶 = 10
𝐶=2
Hence P.I is 𝑦 = 2𝑒 3𝑥
The general solution is 𝑦 = 𝐶𝐹 + 𝑃𝐼
𝑦 = 𝐴𝑒 2𝑥 + 𝐵𝑒 −2𝑥 + 2𝑒 3𝑥
−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
3. Solution
�
�
Consider LHS=0
2
�
A.E is 𝑚2 + 2𝑚 + 1 = 0
�
� (𝑚 + 1)2 = 0
� 𝑚 = −1 (𝑇𝑤𝑖𝑐𝑒)
� −𝑥
� solution is 𝑦 = 𝑒 (𝐴 + 𝐵𝑥)
The (CF)
Let 𝑦 = 𝐶𝑒 −2𝑥
2
� ′
𝑦 = −2𝐶𝑒 −2𝑥
�
� 𝑦′′ = 4𝐶𝑒 −2𝑥
�
Substitute in given equation,
�
−2𝑥
4𝐶𝑒
� − 4𝐶𝑒 −2𝑥 + 𝐶𝑒 −2𝑥 = 𝑒 −2𝑥
� 𝐶=1
� −2𝑥
Hence P.I is 𝑦 = 𝑒
� general solution is 𝑦 = 𝐶𝐹 + 𝑃𝐼
The
� = 𝑒 −𝑥 (𝐴 + 𝐵𝑥 ) + 𝑒 −2𝑥
−
2− − − − − − − − − − − − − − − − − − − − − − − − − − −
4.
� Solution
�𝑑2 𝑦
𝑑𝑦 = 5𝑥 2 +
𝑑2 𝑦 + 25𝑦 𝑥
𝑑𝑥 2
2+ 2 + 𝑦 = 𝑒 −2𝑥
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥
Consider LHS=0
A.E is 𝑚2 + 25 = 0
𝑚 = ±𝑗5
The solution is 𝑦 = 𝑒 0𝑥 (𝐴𝑐𝑜𝑠 5𝑥 + 𝐵𝑠𝑖𝑛 5𝑥) (CF)
= 𝐴𝑐𝑜𝑠 5𝑥 + 𝐵𝑠𝑖𝑛 5𝑥
Let 𝑦 = 𝐶𝑥 2 + 𝐷𝑥 + 𝐸
𝑦 ′ = 2𝐶𝑥 + 𝐷
𝑦′′ = 2𝐶
Substitute in given equation,
2𝐶 + 0 + 25𝐶𝑥 2 + 25𝐷𝑥 + 25𝐸 = 5𝑥 2 + 𝑥
25𝐶 = 5
1
𝐶=
5
1
25𝐷 = 1 , 𝐷=
25
1
2× + 25𝐸 = 0
5
2 2
25𝐸 = − , 𝐸=−
5 125
1 2 1 2 𝟏
Hence P.I is 𝑦 = 𝑥 + 𝑥 − = (𝟐𝟓𝒙𝟐 + 𝟓𝒙 − 𝟐)
5 25 125 𝟏𝟐𝟓
The general solution is 𝑦 = 𝐶𝐹 + 𝑃𝐼
1
𝑦 = 𝐴𝑐𝑜𝑠 5𝑥 + 𝐵𝑠𝑖𝑛 5𝑥 + (25𝑥 2 + 5𝑥 − 2)
125
−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
5. Solution
𝑑2 𝑦 𝑑𝑦
− 2 + 𝑦 = 4 sin 𝑥
𝑑𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥
Consider LHS=0
A.E is 𝑚2 − 2𝑚 + 1 = 0
(𝑚 − 1)2 = 0
m = 1 (Twice)
The solution is 𝑦 = 𝑒 𝑥 (𝐴 + 𝐵𝑥) (CF)
Let 𝑦 = 𝐶 sin 𝑥 + 𝐷 cos 𝑥
𝑦 ′ = 𝐶 cos 𝑥 − 𝐷 sin 𝑥
𝑦 ′′ = −𝐶𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝑥 − 𝐷𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝑥
Substitute in given equation,
−𝑪𝒔𝒊𝒏 𝒙 − 𝑫𝒄𝒐𝒔 𝒙 − 2𝐶 cos 𝑥 + 2𝐷 sin 𝑥 + 𝑪 𝐬𝐢𝐧 𝒙 + 𝑫 𝐜𝐨𝐬 𝒙 = 4 sin 𝑥
2𝐷 = 4, 𝐷 = 2
−2𝐶 = 0, 𝐶 = 0
Hence P.I is 𝑦 = 2 cos 𝑥
The general solution is 𝑦 = 𝐶𝐹 + 𝑃𝐼
𝑦 = 𝑒 𝑥 (𝐴 + 𝐵𝑥 ) + 2 cos 𝑥
−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
6. Solution
𝑑2 𝑦 𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑦
2
+ 4 + 5𝑦 = 2𝑒 −2𝑥 , 𝑥 = 0 , 𝑦 = 1, and = −2
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥
Consider LHS=0
A.E is 𝑚2 + 4𝑚 + 5 = 0
−4 ± √16 − 20
𝑚=
2
−4 ± √−4
=
2
𝑚 = −2 ± 𝑗
The solution is 𝑦 = 𝑒 −2𝑥 (𝐴𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝑥 + 𝐵 sin 𝑥) (CF)
Let 𝑦 = 𝐶𝑒 −2𝑥
𝑦 ′ = −2𝐶𝑒 −2𝑥
𝑦 ′′ = 4𝐶𝑒 −2𝑥
Substitute in given equation,
4𝐶𝑒 −2𝑥 − 8 𝐶𝑒 −2𝑥 + 5𝐶𝑒 −2𝑥 = 2𝑒 −2𝑥
𝐶=2
Hence P.I is 𝑦 = 2𝑒 −2𝑥
The general solution is 𝑦 = 𝐶𝐹 + 𝑃𝐼
𝒚 = 𝒆−𝟐𝒙 (𝑨𝒄𝒐𝒔 𝒙 + 𝑩 𝐬𝐢𝐧 𝒙) + 𝟐𝒆−𝟐𝒙
𝑊ℎ𝑒𝑛 𝑥 = 0 , 𝑦 = 1,
1 = 𝑒 0 (𝐴𝑐𝑜𝑠 0 + 𝐵 sin 0) + 2𝑒 0
1 = 𝐴 + 2, 𝐴 = −1
𝑦 = 𝑒 −2𝑥 (−𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝑥 + 𝐵 sin 𝑥) + 2𝑒 −2𝑥
𝑑𝑦
= 𝑒 −2𝑥 (𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝑥 + 𝐵 cos 𝑥) − 2𝑒 −2𝑥 (−𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝑥 + 𝐵 sin 𝑥) − 4𝑒 −2𝑥
𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑦
𝑊ℎ𝑒𝑛 𝑥 = 0 , = −2,
𝑑𝑥
−2 = 𝑒 0 (𝑠𝑖𝑛 0 + 𝐵 cos 0) − 2𝑒 0 (−𝑐𝑜𝑠 0 + 𝐵 sin 0) − 4𝑒 0
−2 = 𝐵 + 2 − 4
𝐵=0
The particular solution is 𝑦 = 𝐶𝐹 + 𝑃𝐼
𝑦 = 𝑒 −2𝑥 (−𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝑥) + 2𝑒 −2𝑥
𝒚 = 𝒆−𝟐𝒙 (𝟐 − 𝒄𝒐𝒔 𝒙)
−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−

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