1

0385
"r®owf
aZ,wk/ / þb'¨uyf/ urÇmjrwfwnfpyXru/ bk&m;tvsm/ r[morw/
rif;jrwfonf/ / twlwlwrQwnf; odrf;pnf;ydkufxkyfí/ t½kyfudkt½kyftavsmH/ tjrwf
udk/ tjrwftavsmH/ axmufxm;qifjcifí/ pD&ifqkrf;jzwfawmfrlonf/
rolawmfolawmf/ rw&m;/ w&m;/ þ2m;vnf;/ rw&m;oludk/ ESdrfeif;í/
w&m;oludk/ yGifhvif;aponf/ taxGaxGtjym;jym;/ w&m;MuD;w&m;i,f/ 2oG,f
ESpf0wdkYudk/ w&m;aMumif;tavsmH a&G;aumHppfaq;/ ar;jref;í/
aMu;aiGtukeftMur&Sdap&/ rdrdtusdK;pD;yGm;/ olwyg;tusdK; pD;yGm;/ jrm;jym;apjcif;iSm/
½Ief;a&;Edkif&mefudk/ rSefuefatmif/ pif;pm;í/ wdkif;um;jynf&Gm udk/
av;jzmaomtuwd/odkY/ rvdkufrvm;/ w&m;ESifhtnD/ pD&ifqkr®awmfrlonfrSm/
&xmEk½ly/ obm0,kwåd&SdvSayonf/ a&ajrtpdk;&awmfrl6; r[morwrif;MuD;\/
udk,fpm;/ vTJ;tyfxm;í/ w&m;pD&ifapol/ rEk[l6;trwfonf/ cGJ2&yfaom;w&m;
wdkYwGif/ ocGm;w&m;udkpD&ifonfhumv/ ewfvlrsm;taygif;aumifMuD;om"krjyKMubJ;/
aeavvQif/ tMuifw&m;taygif;ü/ wdrf;apmif;rSm;&Gif;ajcu/ b0'k*¾wded&d,
aywtp&Sd aom;/ raumif;aom;vm;jcif;ESifh/ ruif;&acs[k/ oHa0u&ojzifh/
tcGifhwdkifwef;í/ urÇm&[ef;jyKjyD;rS/ orx0dyóem/ / psmeft*FgpHknDí/
psmevmbrkeD/ &aóh&Sift&nf n§f/ weOf;MuHwefojzifh/ w&Ha&mtcg/
pMum0Vmwwdkifí/ tpnfwpdkuf&Sdaom tu©&m*¦g yk'fyg|f/ a&;rSwful;,luJhí/
jynfwJ;oeif;/ rif;MuD;udktyfaom;/ udedaumedóa,map0/ "r®owfw&yf/ xdkYaemH/
2usdrfajrmHaom;/ r[morwrif;udk/ rEkódu/ raemom&&aoh wdkY/ pD&ifí
tyfMuonfh teE´a*gp&nmP/ tpcHí/ csDaom"r®owf/ w&yfxdkYaemH/
3MudrfajrmHaom/ r[morwrif;udk/ rEkódu/ &aohpD&ifí/ jyOfh&Sifrif;tm;tyfaom;/
wdPdaumomoaumap0/ t[Htm&aom/ *dZÆuka¥yyÜaw tacstp/
*¦gjzifhjytyfaom/ twåaemZawemwd,H/ rpcHaom;/ ZmvDrif;"r®owf/
tbdnm'dyÜaba'e*¦gOD;pí/ r[mod*F0rax&f/ pD&ifpdwfjzmvsuf/
twdusmrif;udktyfaom;/ "r®owf/ tyg&H*wd/ 'lyg&HtpcHí/
jzLrif;xD;vufxufwGif/ &Sif&aohoGif;tyfonfh/ jzLrif;xD;"r®owf/
£Paumwyaom;apy/ *¦gOD;pí/ e&ywdpnfolrif;MuD;q&m/ &Sif"r®0dvmo/
'vjrdKYwGif/ pD&ifawmfrlonf/ "r®0dvmo"r®owf/ [Hom0wD qifjzL&Sifvufxuf/
t&SifAk'¨aCmoq&monf/ tpöemtpämemao0H/ *¦grGeftpwifí/ pD&ifawmfrlaom/
raemom&"r®owf/ 4if;rif;w&m;wdkYv¦ufwGif/ t&Sif2yg;wdkY pD&ifjyefonf/ t[H
tm0kaom; / £rrSdomoae[lí/ tprlvsuf/ pD&ifMuonfh/ rEkom&"r®owf/
4if;rif;w&m;om;/ ig;ql'g,umvufxuf/ w&m;olMuD;8OD;wdkY/ yl;aygif;pnf;Muyfí/
qkrf;jzwfpD&ifMuonfh "r®owfausmf/ ajrawmf&mZrkedpl#m/ r[mapwD"g,um/
omvGef rif;w&m;MuD;vufxuf/ a&em;4xyfausmif;/ awmifbDvmq&mawmfudk
 2

trSDjyKí/ rek&mZmqkrf;jzwfpD&ifonfh a&Tjrif;"r®owf/ jyHcsD"r®owf/

t0jrdKYr[mjrwfrkedbk&m; taemHajrmHufu/ t&SifnmP o'¨r®ygvyk*¾dKvf/
rdefYqdkpD&ifonfh/ 4apmifwGJ;"r®owf/ t&yf&yf"r®owfaygif; 15apmifh/ /
4if;aemHjrif;pdkif;a&Teef;&Sifvufxuf/ o'¨r®ygv yk*¾dKvf rdefYqdkpD&ifonfh/
jrif;qdkif;a&Teef;&Sif "r®oyfvuFm/ jrif;uGef;a&Tpnfhukef;ausmif;wGif/
q&mwynfhpD&ifMuonfh/ jrif;uGef;"r®owfvuFm/ uAsm"r®owf 2apmif/
{vm&aus;rif; jzwfxkrf;/ umu0PÖrif;jzwfxkrf;/ ok"r®pm&jzwfxkrf;/
'Gwåaygifrif;jzwfxkef;/ tavmif;pnfolrif;jzwfxkrf;/ em;awmifrsm;rif;jzwfxkrf;/
oD[yawhrif;jzwfxkrf;/ Zif;r,fukemrif;jzwfxkrf;/ rkwår0g&D,krif;jzwfxkrf;/
"r®,m&Drif;jzwfxkrf;/ igrsm&Gm&Sif olaX;jzwfxkrf;/ rsm;rSmomusm;bl;onf/
pmudkapESefYatmifrawGYbl;ay/ twkv q&mawmf jzwfxkrf;/ ra[mfoxm0d"l&/
aoeuHt'gorkc/ apwD,rif;wdkYjzwfxkrf;/ [lí/ xkyfEsKyfa&;om;Muonfvnf&Sdonf/
4if;yk*¾dKvfrif;wdkY jzwfxkrf;rsm;rSm/ usrf;uefvmjyD;jzpfí/ topfjyKaomfvnf;/
ygVdawmfudkrvGefESdKifjyD/ / þodkY"r®owf usrf;jyKq&m/ vlynm&Sd/ &Sifynm&Sd/
rked&aoh/ *0Hyawhtp&Sdaom/ w&m;wdkY\/ trnftrSwf/ ae&yfXme/
umvvw’ufESifh/ wuG jyqdka&wGufcJhjyD;aom/ tapmifapmif; aom "r®owf/
t&yf&yfaom;jzwfxkrf;jzwfyHkjrm;onf/ w&m;wdkif;w&m;wdkif;/ tqkrftjzwf/ tpDt&if/
t,ltiifrwlMu/ 0d0g'uGJ;vGJ;xl;jcm;/ teOf;eOf;rsm;í/
a&SYaemHrnDrnGwf&Sdonfht&mvnf;/ &SdMuonf/ tESpfom&/ om0uvu©Pm/ ,kwåd
,kwåmr&Sd/ vGefonfht&mvnf;&Sdonf/ a&SYaemHxdyg;pnf/ t0iftxGuf/ touftqif;
rQí/ awmfvSonfh/ t&mvnf;&Sdonf/ odkYtpDt&if/ t,ltiid/ tqkrf;tjzwf/
rxyfrd/ rwlMu&Sdonfht&mvnf/ avmuDpmtqkrftjzwf wGifomr[kwfacs/ Ak'¨a[/
aAm"dyif/ yv’ifawmfpum;/ 0g0if0guRwfpum;/ 'lu#fwifouFef;½Hkpum;/ rSpí/
odu©my'orl[/ pm&dwå/ 0g&dwåtp&Sdaom/ usifhoHk;avhvmtyfaom/
pmrsm;udkyifvnf/ oCFm&wem 0ifusrf;jcif;/ tjiif;tcHkjzpfMuonfht&mvnf;/
rsm;pGm&Sdayonf/ taetxdkif yk'fqdkif yg'fqif;/ tyGifh#Dum/ Z0emvuFm&/
om0u,kwåd/ y#d½ly/ rlvvu©Pm avsmpGmawmf &m/ oifjrwf&mudk/
aumif;pGmqifjcifí/ ynm&Sdt&SifwdkY/ pD&ifonfhxkrf;/ toHktaqmif rsm;udkom/
yXmejyKí/ trIt&yf&yfudk/ qHkjzwfpD&ifMu&onf/ / 15apmifaom "r®owf/ 13&yf
6;jzwfxHkrf;wdkYwGif/ qifjzL&Sif/ ajr;awmf&mZrkedpl#m/ r[mapwD'g,um/ omvGef
rif;w&m;MuD;v¬uf/ a&;em;4xyfausmif;/ awmifbDvmq&mudktrSDjyKí/ rEk&mZm/
&Sifatmifjrwf/ qkrfjzwfpD&ifonfh/ rEkom&a&Tjrif; "r®owfonf/ yd#uwf
ygVdawmf½dk;uJhodkY/ tbdk;csdrfusyf/ rl;rwfojym/ t*FgtaMumif;/ taygif;tpdwf/
Adkvf[dwf cyfí/ qkrf;jzwfpD&ifjcif;onf/ oefY&Sif;ajyjypf MupfvpfodrfarGYjcif;ESifhwuG/
twd½kwå jzpfí/ tESpfom&&SdvSayonf/ ukefaygifjrdKYwnf/
tavmif;rif;w&m;MuD;jzwfxkHrf;ESifh/ omvGefrif;w&m;MuD;u/ uGJ;ysm;orQ
 3

w&m;t&yf&yfudk/ &Sifatmifjrwfudk ar;awmfrlí/ t,l0g' userSefuefatmif/

oHawmfOD;wif&onf rEHkavQmHxHk/ þjzwfxHk 2apmifonf/ a8gifaz:wGif a*gifqifhí
oifhwifhavQmHygwf xljrwfvSayonf[k/ okwESifhjynfhpHkaom/ usrf;*efod/ ynm&SdwdkY/
eSpfvHk&Tifvrf;csD;rTef;tHMo Muay;onf/ w&m;pD&if 6/ w&m;olMuD;wdk0fh/ t*Fgudkvnf;/
&mZedrdusrf;/ "r®owfusrf;wdkYüqdkí/ tpHktaph &SdavjyD onf/
tus,fudkum;odoljrm;\/ w&m;pD&if6 w&m;olMuD;wdkYrSm/ &mZowf/ "r®owf/
wwfcgrIESifh/ tyg&H*wd/ rndrwG,f/ uif;vGwfzG,fr&Sdajc/ yg#dt|uxm/
#Dumyk'fyg|f/ yd#uwfusrf;*efudk0f/ tifweftifrQ/ wwfodvdr®m
avhvmuRrf;MuifoljzpfrS/ rdbESifhom;o®D;/ aqGMuD;rsdK;MuD;/ cifyGef;MuD; 10yg;/
w&m;rIpum;rIudk axmH½I qifjcifESdKif ojzifh/ *kPf&Sif/ *kPfcH/ rSefuefuseí/
bk&m;tvdkawmfESifh/ oifhavsmfn§dESdKif;&monf/ rmwk*kP/ rmwkayg;o| t&mudkvnf;/
rdpäm/ ormygao|/ r,ltwlwlyif bk&m;&Sif a[m;awmfrlajconf/ / om;o®D;ESifh/
rdbwdkYrSm/ omrI/ emrI/ aorI&SifrI/ tarGrIrSpí/ w&m;q&mwdkY/
rSmqdkqkrf;jzwforQonf/ bk&m;yd#uwfawmfESifh/ "r®owftxGuf/ b0ufESifhajrru/
a0;vSavonf/ yd#uwfudk/ aeaeomom/ pwk"r®om&ysdKYudkrQ/ Munfhbl;onfh/
vu©Pmr&Sd[k/ "r®uHodq&mwdkY/ ,l&majconf/ / EdkifiHawmfteDta0;/
jrdKYaus;&Gmjrm;wGif &SdMuonfhcHkwdkYvnf;/ weOf;awGY/ wapmif&/ yXrwGJ&Sdol/
'kwd,wGJ&Sdol/ pmrljyuf/ uRufudkuf/ tdrfrdk;üxdk;í/ MudK;yv’ifMu,fonf/
ES,fpmrsm;udk/ w0g;av;opf/ tqpftydkif;rSwfí/ yf|fudkyifyg#d/ ygVdudkyifyg|f/
ajymvdk&majym;/ raemom&ESifh/ wcsdKYaumH/ wa&mufuGefjcmESifhpD&if/
ynm7SifwOD;uvnf;/ "r®0dvmo ESifhnif;/ rek&if;ESifhwcsdKYuvJ;/ yg&rDcrf;xJ;u
wcsdKYujy/ oH0&udk wcsdKYurSD/ "r®&moDudk wcsdKYuxkyf/ tcsKyfrSwfpkESifh/ tvkt&uf/
A&AGufajymolajym;/ oabmouef/ rSef\rrSef [kwfwef\/ r[kwf/ udk/
usrf;*efroifrMum; bl;aom;aMumifh/ txl;xl;aom o'¨geOf;/ qef;eOf;/
tvuFmeOf;/ aewådAs*sFtp&Sdaom; rsm;pGm6eOf;/ a,bHk,s/ tyutp&Sd 6406eOf/
um&Elzvltp&Sd 6106 OyZm/ odxdv/ 'edw/ 'DC/ &ó/ *½k/ v[k/ orÁE´/
0drkwå/ 00wådw/ ed*¾[dwå[k qdktyfaom;/ 10yg; 6o'¨g/ yxr/ 'kwd,/
tp&Sdaom/ 7yg;aom 0dbwf/ *rk/ yk"tp&Sdaom/ rsm;pGmaom;"gwf/ x/ P/
tp&Sdaom; rsm;pGmaomypönf;/ Xmef/ u½dkPf;/ *dkPf/ oH0PÖPg/ pmpyforÁmef/
ed,Hpkyfapm;wem/ y&d[m,/ 0PÖrMwm/ *¦gpkPÖd,/ aew¬d/ ae,sw¬/ obm0w¬/
0*F0k'¨d/ yd@w¬/ t0&0/ ouGyf/ j'yf/ vdefocsFm/ um&u/ yl&mP/ 0gpmoDvdX/
okckpöm&P/ qE´mEk&u©D/ evkwå/ ed|dw/ *rs/ rme/ 0dbwåsmef/ uH/ uwåm;/ Mudm/
rsm;pGmaom/ o'¨gt&m/ o''¨gvu©Pmudk/ igvnfrod/ olvnf;rod/
ykemwdwrÜemeaygESifh/ aqm;a,m;wcGif jyJ;jyJ;pifqdkocJhodkY/ omrsm;í/ olwcsm;/
igwoG,f/ pD&ifbG,fpD&ifcif;/ cRwf&Gif; wdrf;apmif;ojzifh/ 4if;olwdkYpD&ifcsufudk/
vÇufrpm;bJ/ aevdkae/ a&SYaeuuavmfí/ t,lawmfudk cHvdkcH/ p&dwfjyefí/
 4

topfqdkvdkqdk/ a&Zj*dK[fudk/ n§dvdkn§d/ 2cgn§d/ rxdESdKif/ rwkef;ESdKif/ r½SHK;ESdKif/

rpnfESdKif/ udkifvdkufMupdkYqdkolqdk/ t&yfulvlarQmH/ wuwJ;arSmufí/
2a&mHom;trIonfrSm/ *sif;acsvnf/ 0&ygwf/ &wwforQ rGJ;í/ wuwJ;uRefjzpf/
pkrf;pkrf;MuD;epfmuonfrsm;udk/ em;usm;jrufjrif/ txift&Sm; jzpfawmhonf/
,©ifqdkcJhjyD; aom;/ awmifbDvm/ rEl&mZ/ "r®owfjzwfxHk;rsm;onf/
tcsm;"r®owfwdkYxuf/ omvGefaumif;rGef/ avsmHygwfonf[lí/ ynm&SdwdkY/
qdkjcif;onf/ urÇmOD;/ urÇmv,fu/ r[morwtp&Sdaom rif;wdkYv¦uf/
touf&Snfaom;umv/ bk&m;t&m/ vlynm&Sd/ &Sifynm&Sd/ uydokcrdefY
vlvdr®mvlwwf/ oljrwf&aohwdkYonf/ awmifbDvmq&m/ rEk&mZmwdavmufrQ
rwwfMuHavoavm;[k wpHkwa,mufaomonf/ t,lapm; wem&Sdnm;tH/ xdkxdkaom
apm'"emjcif;udk/ 7ifodkYajzay;tH/ r[morw tp&Sdaom xdkrif;wdkYumv/
bk&m;tvsm/ ynm&Sdokcrdef/ vlvdr®mvlwwf/ oljrwf&aóhwdkYonf/ ykxkZÆmefavmuD/
eE´&m*/ oJarm;[ESifh jcnfhjzpfaomaMumifh/ 4if;vlwdkY trSDavmuD w&m;rQ/ r&Sdajcu/
jynfr&yfMuD; a&TxD;a&Teef;/ wdkYwGif/ xHkwef;Oya'/ jrdK;aqG½kwfjrwf/
rl;rwfqif;&J;om;/ tjrdK;4yg;wdkY0,f/ MuD;i,ftjypfwdkYudk/ rppdrdpD&ifwufatmif/
&Sdrnfjzpfí/ 4if;pDppfa&G;cs,fpD&if½HkrQom/ ynmt&mjzifh/
a&;om;xm;ay;aom;aMumifh4if/ wapmif;ESifhwapmif/ wvljrdKESifhwvljrdK/ pD&if;½dk;/
pD&ifeOf;/ edósnf;Oya'/ taxGaxG &SdMuavonf/ uonf;wdkYrSm/ ajrudkuf/
w½kwfwdkYrSm usufckwfípm;/ ukvm;wdkYrSm/ AvDyif/ pD&ifMuonfh/ t&mvnfw&yf/
ao0#fjyD;jywfMuonfMunfhyif/ jzpfonf/ þt&mü/ omvGefrif;w&m;/
a&;em;4xyfausmif;/ awmifbDvm/ udkif;pm;rEk&mZmwdkY/ 3OD;rSm/
omvGefrif;w&m;MuD;uvnf;/ a0oE´&mrif;MuD;ta&mif/ awmifbDvmq&m uvnf;/
&Sifom&dykwå&mESifh/ rxl;rcsm;/ udkif;pm;&Sifatmifjrwfuvnf;/ ra[m;oxm toGif/
ynm&Sif3OD;wdkY yl;aygif;Mudyfe,fí/ a&G;cs,fpD&ifMuonfjzpfaom;aMumifh/
0dedpä,sw&m;t&mü/ omvGefaumif;rGefavsmHygwf/ xl;jrwfjcif;t&m&Sdygay\/
[lvdkaomf; / / vlrsdK;w&mwyg;/ wdkY\/ ac:a0:ajymqdkjcif; cHwGif;rS/ xGufaom;/
pdwåZ0ga,m;"gwf aMumifhjzpfaom;/ toHomomonf/ teufr[kwfo'¨gjzpfí/
onfwdkonf/ udkwdkYudk/ tp&Sdaom;/ jA[®a0g;[m&pum;udk/ o'¨gtm;avsmfpGm/
vuFmpum;ajA/ trdefYawmf trSmawmfjzwfpm/ pmcRef;tpDtukef;/ tvHk;pHkaom;
t&mwdkYü/ yk'fqdkuf/ ygwfom;/ uHuwåm;Mudm/ a0g[mrSefuefuserS/ xD;eef;rif;oHk/
v¬uf½Hk/ MuD;ol/ vlynm&Sd/ u0dvu©Pma&mH&acsonf/ / onfwdkYonf[laom;
pum;onfuwåm;/ udkwdkYudk[l 6pum;onf/ uH/ jzifhwdkYjzifh[l 6pum;onf/
u½dkPf/jzifhwdkYjzifh[l 6pum;onf/ o[m'da&m*/ wGifbdkwGif[l 6pum;onf/
ed'¨g&P/\ wdkY\[l 6pum;onf/ orÇmef/ üwdkYü[l6pum;/ 0,fwdkY0,f[laom
pum;/ 2ydkufonf/ tm"m&/ tm;wdkYtm;[l6pum;/ tvdkiSg/ tusdK;iSm[l6;pum;
3ydkufonf/ orÜ'gef/ rSwdkYrS[l 6pum;/ aMumifhwdkYaMumifh[l 6pum;/
 5

atmufwdkYatmH[l 6pum;/ xufwdkYxuf[l 6pum;/ av;ydkufonf/ tyg'gef/

tvSLay;aom;iifh/ oDvaqmHwnfaom;iifh/[laom pum;2ydkufonf/ [dwf/
tpG,fudkvdkaom;iifh/ ta&udkvdkaom;iifh/ [l 6pum; 2ydkufonf/ edrdwf/
aom;wdkYaom;[l 6pum;oOf/ 0daooe/ eaomf/ vaomf[laompum; 2ydkufonf
vu©Pm/ avQmHuf[l 6pufvsuf[l 6pu/ vQif[l6pum;/ þ[lpum;/
pGm[laom;pum;/ þpum;5ydkufonf/ Mudm0daooe/ w,lZemwdkifwdkif/
2,lZemwdkifwdkif/ wvygwfvhk/ 2vygwfvhk/ [l 6pum; 4ydkufonf/ tpöEÅoHa,m*/
tdka,musfm;/ [,fykPÖm;/ tjcif;okeE´g/ &xm;wdef[laom pum;wdkYonf/ tmvkwf/
uJhodkY/ uJhodkY[laompum;/ ES,fwdkYES,f[laompum;/ 4ydkufonf OyZm/ tcsdKYaom
t&mwdkYü/ Oy&dcsm/ y@KurId/ jrjrif;rId&fodkY/ woef;aeESifh/ vES,fwifhom;/ yl&daom/
a,musfm;onf/ *gr/odkY/ *päwd/\/ owåowåm/ aemifvmpifppf/ ckESpfcgvmf/
MumtHonf[k/ iHrnfwG,fw,/ rQatmif&G,fodkY/ þum;tpnf;twdkif; O'g[½Hkwnf/
/ O'¨H/ txuftzdkYtm;jzifh/ ,m0b0*¾H/ txufb0ufwdkifatmif/ t0"gatmuftzdkY
tm;jzifh/ ,m0Zd0H/ t0DZdwdkifatmif/ þodkYa&mufatmif/ wdkifatmif[laom pum;onf
t0"d/ Mum;AdefY/ Mum;tHqdktH/ rdeftH[laom/ 4ydkufonf/ y#dnmf/ [kyfpdefrSmefpdefrSmef
pdrfhvnf y#dnnf/ Mum;avmemavm;/ emapownf;/ emapcvdk/ jydKapownf;[l
6pum;vnf/ Oa,mZnf;/ / jzpfapownf; jzpfaom[l 6pum; 2ydkufonf/
tmoDo/ jyD;[laom pum;onf twdwf/ qJ;[l 6pum;onf ypöKyÜmef/
vwåefY[l6pum;onf tem*gwf/ ajrajr[l 6pum;/ cdk;olcdk;ol [l 6wck60w¬Kudk/
2xyfac;a0:jcif;onf/ 0dZÆm/ / t&Gm&GmtjrdKYjrdKY tp&Sdonfjzifh/ 2mudrf/
2xyfac:a0:jcif;onf/ tmar!dwf/ / tw¬d/ &Sd\/ ewåd/ r&Sd/ þodkYtp&Sdonfjzifh/
uwåmuH tp&Sdaom/ um&u6g;wdkY\/ qHk;jzwf&mpum; jrdK;wdkYonf/ ud&d,m
tMuifrQavmH/ xdkrQavmH/ þa&GYavmH/ atmHjcnf/ qyfjcnf/ ½kyfjcnf/ jzKwfjcnf/
[kwf[kwfnm;nm;/ tp&Sdaom;tm;jzifh/ Oyom&yk'f/ edyg'fwdkY\/ ta[mtmom/
rsm;yif&Sdao;onfjzpfí/ taphtpHk rqdkESdKifjyD/ wdkYukefryg {u0kpfan;,sm/
wdkYukefyg&m A[k0kpf rwm[lí y&dygomvmaom;iifh/ wdkYryg/ uHkrygvQif/
{u0kpf[lírSwf/ wdkYyguHkygvQif/ A[k0kpf[lírSwfav/ / þodkYtp&Sdonfjzifh/
o'¨gt&mo'¨gvu©PmwdkYudk/ avsmfpGmt>rufrQ/ eOf;Oya' &apjcif;iSm/ jyqdka&;om;/
tusnf;tm;jzifh/ xm;tyfaom;/ Oa'¨opum;uxmpkudk/ okwynm&SmrSD;avh&Sdaom
trsdK;om;wdkYonf/ rSwfom;avhMuufaqmif&Guf Muapukefownf;/ / ynm&Sdoabm;/
ESD;aESm;tyfonfESifh/ tnD/ 0deOf;/ yd#uwfawmfwGif/ 0deOf;udk q&mwdkYESdKif&Snf;
tpyfonfum;/ okwåHvnfwyg;/ okwåm;Ekavmrvnfwyg;/ tmp&d, 0g'vnfwyg;/
twåaem rwfvnfwyg;/ þiSg;wdkYjzifh ESdKif;&Snf;tyf 6taMumifudk/
usrf;*efüvmonf/ w&m;qkrfjzwfaom;t&müvnf/ "r®owf/ &mZowf/
jzwfxHkjzwfyHkwdkYjzifh/ ESdKif&Snf; &monf/ eef;pnf;"r®owf/ &mZowf/ jzwfxHk;/ jzwfyHk
tvHk;pHkudkESdKif;aoG;í/ a&S;ynm&SdwdkY pD&ifaom;/ xHk;pHrsm;u/ rxGufrqdkcJhaomf/
 6

rdrdwdkY\/ pdE´mr,nmPf tpGrf;jzifh/ twåaemrwdum;/ MuHqESdKif;apmfí/

avsmfpGmpD&ifqkrfjzwf&monf/ qdkaomiifh/ twåaemrwdonf/
0deOf;awmfrSmvnf;0ifonf/ avmuD"r®owfrSmvnf;0ifonf/ tarGcGJ a0&efpum;rSm/
om;Mo&ór&SduvQif/ uRef;r&ifaoG;/ tajymifarG;ESifh/ aumHarG; ausmfMum;/
ygnm;ykyÜu/ xdkig;0wdkY/ &SdMuukefav/ tAarGudk/ a0&ma0cif;/ 2a,mHcsif;wGif/
oufqif;pk&musrf;tvmudk/ aocsmbdjcif;[lí/ ygonf/ uRefr&ifaoG; qdkonfrSm/
udk,fuRefrudk t&Sifodrf;ajrmif&marG;jrifonfhom;/ / "r®owf&if;ü/ uRefajymifom;udk
acwåZqdkonf/ / tajymifarG;qdkonfrSm/ uRefr[kwfvsuf/ r,m;MuD;
xHvufatmHcHí/ odrfajymifonf/ awmfajymfrdr®uarG;aomom;/ / 4if;om;udka[Xdr/
/ aumHarG;xm;aom om;qdkonfrSm/ rdbr&Sd txnfrJholi,fudk/ ,líarG;pm;aomom;/
/ 4if;om;udk tyrdX/ / ausmfMum;qdkonfrSm/ rdbaqGrsdK;xH/ awmif;,ljyD;vQif/
qdk;arG cHaumif;arGcHjzpfapawmh/ trsm;odxifapí/ arG;jrLaom;om;/ 4if;om;udk
udwådr/ / ykyÜuqdkonfrSm/ txufvif/ txufr,m;wdkYESifh/ oifhaeí/
aemHtdrfaxmifopf oifhae&mygonf/ om;aumif;udk/ ykyÜuom;qdkonf/ /
xdkom;ig;OD;wdkY tpHktnD&SdvQif/ rnfodkYpkyHkcGJa0&monf[lí/ "r®owf&if;wdkYü/
wdkuf½dkufrqdk/ "r®owfusrf;pma[mif; t&dwfudkvSHKí/ txuftoufnDatmif/
qifjcifpHkyHkvQifrlum;/ tarGOpömudk/ 8pkcGJ;jyKí/ vifygykyÜu/ r,m;ygykyÜu/ 2OD;udk
ig;pk/ / a[Vdrspk/ udwådrwpk/ / acwåZpk0uf/ / ty'dVrSmrdb&Sdpnf/
rSef;xm;cJhonfhvufa&mH/ ra&mHOpöm&ap&monf/ xdkiifh/ rElom& "r®owfü/ /
Mo&ao/ udwådar/ aewå/ ty"daX/ nmwumeH orvab;/ /[l6*gxmudk
q&mwdkY/ tw¬a,m;Zemonf/ um;/ Mo&ao/ om;&if;4if;/ udwådar/ om;jAm;4if;/
aewå/ r&Sdaomf/ ty'daXe/ aumHíarG;aom;om;ESifh/ nmwd/ aqGjrdK;wdkYonf/ orH/
trQ/ vab;/ &&m\/ téufa,mZemjr[®mjyefonf/ / xdk*¦gü/ awmfajymifom;udk
a[Vdr/ uRefajymifom;udk acwåZ/ txufygomykyÜuwdkY wdkryg qdkbG,f&Sdonf/ /
ykyÜu/ a[Xdr/ acwåZwdkYonf/ Mo&oom;uJhodkY/ om;&if;jzpfí/ Mo&ao[laom
ygXfudkom;&if;[laom/ teufjzifh/ ykyÜua[Xdrudk aygif;í/ oj*ØK[fonf[k
q&mjrwfwdkY/ ,lMuukefonf/ / 2a&mHjcif; wifoufqif;pk&m/ usrf;tvmqdkonf
pum;udkaxmHí/ ykyÜuwa&mH/ a[Xdrwa&mH/ xdk2a,mHrSm/ yjyÜuwa&mHu 2pkcGJ;/
a[Xdrwa&muf 2pk/ ykyÜuwa,mHESifh/ udwådrwa&mHrSm/ ykyÜu 2pkcGJ;/ udwådrwpk/
ykyÜuom;wa,mHESifh/ acwåZom;wa,mHrSm/ ykyÜu 2pkcGJ;/ acwåZpk0uf/
txufutpktyHkjycJhonftwdkif;/ 2a,mHaom;/ om;wdkYudk/ zufía0&monf/ /
ykyÜuom;weOf;aomfum;/ vifr,m; 2OD;oifhae&m/ a,musfm;wGif/ om;ygvmonf/
xdka,musfm;/ xdkrdr®/ a,musfm;uygvmonfhom;/ 3OD;om;wdkY/ twlwlae&m/
vkyfaqmifMuHpnfí/ jzpfyGm;onfESifh/ vifaor,m; tdrfaxmifopfae&m/ udwådrom;/
a[Xdrom;/ acwåZom;wdkY &SdMuukefonfhaemH/ xdkrdr®aovGefaomf/ tarGOpöm
a0&monfrSm/ / txufvifygom;onf/ tbuygonfhOpöm/
 7

rdaxG;wGifygavonfudk/ txufvifygom;/ tvHk&ap/ tbrdaxG;vifygom;/

3oD;wdkY/ vkyfaqmif&onfhOpömrSm/ 3pkpkí/ txufvifygom; 2pk/ aemHaeudwådrom;/
a[Xdrom;/ acwåZom;wdkYrSm/ wpk/ usefOpömESifh/ aemufyGm;Opöm r,m;yg&if;Opöm/
aemHvifyg&if;Opömrsm;udk/ w&m;pk&Sd&m cHpHMuap/ / þvQifykyÜueOf;
,luGJ;onfudkqdkonf/ / rEkus,fac:onf/ aemHa&;pmopf wGif/ r,m;MuD; 4pk/
awmfajymif3pk/ uRefajymifpk0uf a0,lMuap/ / 4if;wdkYwGif/ om;wa,mufpD&SdvQif/
trdwdkYeOf;,lap/ xGuf&Sdonf/ xdkpmwqifhwqifh ul;,l&mwGif/
ta&;tom;jyufaomiifh/ rpHkrvif&Sdonf/ q&mvOfwdkYt,l&Sdayonf/ / rdb 2yg;
ay;xdrf;jrm;í/ oifhaeaom;r,m;MuD;&Sdvsuf/ xdktdrfwufwGif vufqHkpm;r,m;i,f
&SdonfjzpfthH/ awmfajymifrdr®vnf&SdonfjzpfthH/ uRefajymifrdr®vnf&SdthH/ tarGOpömudk/
r,m;MuD;4pk/ vufqHkpm;r,m;i,f3pk/ awmfajymifrdr® 2pk/ uRefr,m;pk0uf
pm;ap&monf/ vufqHkpm;r,m; 2a,mHudk/ twltrQa0oifhonfrqdk&m/ rqdktyf/
om;jcif;wlaomfvnf;/ tpfudkESifhnDtwltrQ/ r&tyf/ &[ef;wdkYrSm/ &[ef;jcif;wl
aomfvnf;/ MuD;aomyOöif;ESifh/ i,faomyOöif; twltrQrcGJ ra0&m/ / yOöif;i,frSma&mh
eOf;í/ ay;&monfh/ xHkpHodkYvdkufí/ q&mt,l&Sdonf/ / "r®owfwGif/ Mo&o 4pk/
tajymifwpk/ uRefrom;pk0uf[lí/ qdkaomiifh/ r,m;MuD;4pk/ awmfajymif 3pk/
r&aptyf qdkvdkonf/ ' wcsm;wyg;ay;vdkufom;onf/ arG;pm;brd/ aopkwdí/
&bdtarG/ cHayvufwGif/ rd&if;zxH/ jyefíaeol/ xdkwlw0/ r&avnm;/
rcHpm;&qdkonfrSm/ udwådrom;wdkYonf/ arG;pm;aom; trdtzjyKolwdkYESifh/ twlaerS
tarG&aMumif;/ rd&if;z&if;wdkYxH jyefíaeaomf/ rdopfzopfwdkYtarGudk rcHpm;&aMumif;/
rEkom&"r®owf wGif/ txift&Sm;qdkonf/ xdkom;onf/ tarGpm;aom;
rdopfzopfwdkY/ aovGefonfhaemH/ rdopfzopfwdkY tarGudkcH,ljyD;rS/
rda[mif;za[mif;wdkYxH jyefíaeaomf/ rda[mif;za[mif; wdkY tarGudk rpm;tyf/ /
'dEém/ olwyg;tm;ay;í/ olwyg;vuf0,fMuD;jrifhaom/ om;udk/
rdbtarGrcHap&m[lí/ vmonf / tarGrcHtyfaom 6a&muft0ifjzpfonf/ rda[mif;
za[mif;wdkY/ rSefxm;cJhonfhOpöm/ rSm/ vufa&mufap/ vufra&mHjzpfap/
xdkom;tm;&ap/ / xdkom;onf/ rdbwdkYtrIay:aomf/ om;jcif;wdkYESifh
nDnm&Gufaqmifaomfvnf;/ trIudk &GufaqmifonfhtwGuf/ aus;Zl;Oyum&udk
om&ap&monf/ tarGtjzpfjzifh/ tpktq xm;í/ yay;a0tyf/ txufrd&if;b&if;wdkY
tmv,jywfí/ olwyg;odkY ay;avjyDonf/ / wcPf;jyD;\/
MWT-0260-33 to MWT-0260-46