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Transformer Design

The document discusses the efficiency of a 500 kVA single-phase transformer, detailing calculations for load loss and overall efficiency at full load with a 0.8 power factor. It introduces the concept of all-day efficiency, which is crucial for distribution transformers due to varying load conditions over time. The all-day efficiency is defined as the ratio of output energy to input energy minus losses over a 24-hour period.

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18 views1 page

Transformer Design

The document discusses the efficiency of a 500 kVA single-phase transformer, detailing calculations for load loss and overall efficiency at full load with a 0.8 power factor. It introduces the concept of all-day efficiency, which is crucial for distribution transformers due to varying load conditions over time. The all-day efficiency is defined as the ratio of output energy to input energy minus losses over a 24-hour period.

Uploaded by

surajmudiofficial
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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32 Chapter 1

1 2
Regulation (H r cos T 2  H x sin T 2 ) 
H x cos T 2  H r sin T 2
2
1 2
(0.0032 u 0.8  0.1 u 0.6)  0.1 u 0.8  0.0032 u 0.6 0.066.
2

Example 1.3
A 500 kVA single-phase transformer is designed to have a resistance of 1% with
its maximum efficiency occurring at 250 kVA load. Find the efficiency of the
transformer when it is supplying a full load at 0.8 lagging power factor.
Solution:
The percentage resistance is given as
Load loss at full load
%R u 100
Base VA

? Load loss at full load =


1
100
500 u103 > @ 5000 W.

Now from Equation 1.72, for the same terminal voltage,

IKmax 250 Pc
I FL 500 5000

? Pc No-load loss= 1250 W.


Total loss at full load = 1250 + 5000 = 6250 W.
Efficiency at full load and 0.8 power factor =
output power 500 u 0.8
u 100 u 100 98.5 % .
output power  losses 500 u 0.8  6.25

All-day efficiency: Distribution transformers supply loads that vary over a wide
range. Their performance cannot be judged only by the efficiency value
calculated as in the above example. For them, a parameter called all-day
efficiency is more relevant, which is defined as
(output ) kWh (output ) kWh
K all  day . (1.73)
(input ) kWh (output ) kWh  (losses ) kWh

The output and losses are computed for a period of 24 hours using the
corresponding load cycle. The no-load loss is constant (i.e., independent of
loading conditions); hence it is important to design the distribution transformers

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