PODAR INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL

Practice Sheet (Answer scheme)

Subject: Science Std: IX Topic: Structure of Atom

1. The maximum number of electrons that can be accommodated in N-shell will be:
(a) 2
(b) 18
(c) 8
(d) 32
ans: 32

2. Which one of the following is the correct electronic configuration of magnesium?

(a) 2,8,1
(b) 2,8,2
(c) 2,8
(d) 2,1,8
ans: 2,8,2

3. The isotope of ______________________ is used to treat goitre.

(a) uranium
(b) cobalt
(c) iodine
(d) hydrogen
ans: iodine

4. In  scattering experiment, few  particles rebounded because:

(a) mass of the atom is concentrated in a very small volume within the atom
(b) positive charge of the atom occupies very little space
(c) most of the space inside the atom is empty
 (d) radius of the nucleus is about 105 times less than the radius of the atom
ans: mass of the atom is concentrated in a very small volume within the atom

5. Which of the following statements is incorrect according to Bohr’s atomic model?

(a) The nucleus of an atom is situated at its centre.
(b) The electrons move in circular orbits.
(c) The orbits are represented by the numbers, n=1, 2, 3, 4….
(d) While revolving in discrete orbits the electrons radiate energy.
ans: While revolving in discrete orbits the electrons radiate energy.

6. Mass number and atomic number of certain elements are given in the table.
Identify the pair of isobars.
Elements A B C D E
Atomic number 7 20 3 18 7
Mass number 14 40 7 40 16
(a) A and E
(b) B and D
(c) C and E
(d) D and E
ans: B and D

7. The atomic number of fluorine is 9 and its mass number is 19. It has:
(a) 10 protons and 9 neutrons
(b) 10 protons and 9 electrons
(c) 9 protons and 10 neutrons
 (d) 10 electrons and 9 neutrons
ans: 9 protons and 10 neutrons

8.  particles are:
(a) positively charged hydrogen ions
(b) doubly positively charged helium ions
(c) negatively charged helium ions
(d) doubly negatively charged hydrogen ions
ans: doubly positively charged helium ions

9. For sulphur, Z = 16. What would be the valency of sulphur?

(a) 8
(b) 6
(c) 2
(d) 10
ans: 2

10. Out of 1000 atoms of chlorine, 750 atoms have atomic mass 35u and 250 atoms
have atomic mass 37u. What is the average atomic mass of chlorine atom?
(a) 35.5 u
(b) 36.0 u
(c) 36.5 u
(d) 35.7 u
ans: 35.5 u

Q. no 11 to 13 are Assertion - Reasoning based questions.

These consist of two statements – Assertion (A) and Reason (R).
Answer these questions selecting the appropriate option given below:
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
(b) Both A and R are true and R is not the correct explanation of A
(c) A is true but R is false
(d) A is false but R is true

11. Assertion: The atom of hydrogen has one electron.

Reason: There is no neutron in the nucleus of hydrogen atom.
ans: Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of the assertion

12. Assertion: In Rutherford’s gold foil experiment, a very few particles are deflected
back.
Reason: Nucleus present inside the atom is heavy.
ans: Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of assertion

13. Assertion: Bohr’s orbits are called stationary orbits.

Reason: Electrons remain stationary in these orbits for some time.
ans: A is true but R is false.

14. In a sample of ethyl ethanoate (CH3COOC2H5) the two oxygen atoms have the
same number of electrons but different number of neutrons. What is the reason
for it?
ans: The two oxygen atoms are isotopes.

15. What is the number of maximum number of electrons which can be filled in M-
shell of an imaginary atom?
ans: According to Bohr-Bury rule the maximum number of electrons in M-shell
= 2n2 = 2 x 32 = 18.

16. There are 10 electrons in the species R+3. If the number of neutrons is 14, then
deduce its atomic number and mass number.
ans: Number of electrons in R+3 is 10 and neutrons is 14.
Since it loses three electrons to from the +3 ion, the actual number of
electrons is 13.
So, the atomic number is 13 and atomic mass = 13+14 = 27

17. The atomic number of an element is 16. If its mass number is 34, find the number
of neutrons.
ans: No. of neutrons = mass number – atomic number = 34 – 16 = 18

18. Why did Rutherford choose gold foil in the alpha particle experiment?
ans: • Rutherford wanted as thin a layer as possible.
 • Gold is a malleable metal and hence it can be beaten into very thin
sheets.

19. Select isotopes and isobars from the following:

40 37 35 40
18Z , 17Y , 17X , 19K
ans:
• 𝟑𝟕
𝟏𝟕𝐘 and 𝟑𝟓
𝟏𝟕𝐗 are isotopes
• 𝟒𝟎
𝟏𝟖𝐙 and 𝟒𝟎
𝟏𝟗𝐊 are isobars.

20. The atom of an element ‘X’ has electronic configuration (2,8,6). Does it gain two
electrons or lose six electrons to achieve the nearest noble gas configuration.
Justify your answer.
ans: • It will gain two electrons
• A lot of energy is needed to lose six electrons, so ‘X’ will gain two electrons to
complete its octet.

21. (a) “Atom is indivisible and indestructible” why this aspect of Dalton’s atomic
theory led to the failure of his theory?
ans: The discovery of two fundamental particles electrons and protons
inside the atom, led to the failure of this aspect of Dalton’s atomic
theory.

(b) How is Thomson’s model similar with a watermelon?

ans: The positive charge in the atom is spread all over like the red edible
part of the watermelon, while the electrons are studded in the
positively charged sphere, like the seeds in the watermelon.

(c) Atom is electrically neutral. Justify.

ans: The negative and positive charges are equal in magnitude. So, the
atom as a whole is electrically neutral.

22. K, L, and M shells of the atom of an element are completely filled and it has 22
neutrons in its nucleus.
(a) Give the atomic number and mass number of the element.
ans: atomic number = sum of electrons in K, L and M = 2+8 +8 =18
mass number = no of protons + no of neutrons = 18 +22 = 40

(b) Write valency of the element.

 ans: zero

23. An atom of an element has 5 electrons in L-shell.

(a) What is the atomic number of the element?
ans: since there are 5 electrons in L-shell, so there must be 2 electrons in
K-shell.
Thus, the total number of electrons is 7 and hence the atomic number
is 7.
(b) State its valency.
ans: 3
(c) Identify the element and write its name
ans: Nitrogen /N
(d) Write the formula of the compound when the element combines with
oxygen.
ans: N2O3

24. The average atomic mass of a sample (A) of an element A is 16.2 u. What are the
percentages of isotopes 168𝐴and 188𝐴 in the sample?
ans: Let the % of 𝟏𝟔𝟖𝑨 be = X

Then the % of 𝟏𝟖𝟖𝑨 be = 100-X

𝑿 𝟏𝟎𝟎−𝑿
Avg atomic mass of A => 16 × + 18 × = 16.2
𝟏𝟎𝟎 𝟏𝟎𝟎
𝟏𝟔𝑿 𝟏𝟖𝟎𝟎−𝟏𝟖𝑿
=> + =16.2
𝟏𝟎𝟎 𝟏𝟎𝟎

=> 16X +1800 -18X = 1620

=> -2X = 1620-1800
𝟏𝟖𝟎
=> X = = 90%
𝟐

Therefore 𝟏𝟔𝟖𝑨 is = 90% and % of 𝟏𝟖𝟖𝑨 is = 100 -X = 100-90 =10%

25. Study the diagram given below and answer the following questions:
 (a) Identify the experiment is shown in the figure/diagram.
ans: Rutherford’s gold foil experiment /scattering of alpha particles

(b) List any two observations of this experiment.

ans: • most of the fast-moving alpha particles pass straight through the
gold foil
• some of the alpha particles were deflected by the foil by small
angles
• one out of every 12000 particles appeared to rebound.
(answers may vary, accept any two correct)

(c) State any two features of the model of the atom based on this experiment.
ans: • There is a positively charged centre in an atom called the nucleus.
• All the mass of an atom resides in the nucleus.
• The electrons revolve around the nucleus in well-defined orbits.
• The size of the nucleus is very small as compared to the size of the
atom.
(answers may vary, accept any two correct)

26. The table below gives the atomic number of elements represented by symbols X,
Y, and Z.
Element Atomic number
X 16
Y 18
Z 13

(a) Which of X, Y, and Z represents a:

(i) metal
(ii) non-metal
(iii) noble gas

ans: (i) Y
(ii) X
 (iii) Z

(b) Write the electronic configuration of elements X and Y.

ans: X: 2, 8, 6
Z: 2, 8, 3

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