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Detailed Derivatives Reviewer

The document provides an overview of derivatives, defining them as the rate of change of a function and explaining their geometric and physical interpretations. It includes the limit definition of a derivative, the process of differentiation, and various rules for finding derivatives, such as the power rule and product rule. Additionally, it lists common derivatives and applications of derivatives in real-world problems.

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7 views3 pages

Detailed Derivatives Reviewer

The document provides an overview of derivatives, defining them as the rate of change of a function and explaining their geometric and physical interpretations. It includes the limit definition of a derivative, the process of differentiation, and various rules for finding derivatives, such as the power rule and product rule. Additionally, it lists common derivatives and applications of derivatives in real-world problems.

Uploaded by

ashfaicola
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Basic Derivatives Reviewer

What is a Derivative?

A derivative represents the rate at which a function is changing at any given point.

- Geometrically: It gives the slope of the tangent line to the graph of the function.

- Physically: It describes how a quantity changes with respect to another (e.g., velocity is the

derivative of position with respect to time).

- Notation: f'(x), dy/dx, Dxf(x).

Limit Definition of Derivative

The derivative of a function f at a point x is defined by the limit:

f'(x) = lim(h->0) [f(x+h) - f(x)] / h

This gives the slope of the secant line as h approaches 0, becoming the tangent line.

Differentiation

Differentiation is the process of finding a derivative.

It is a fundamental tool in calculus used to determine the rate of change of a quantity.

Rules of Differentiation

1. Constant Rule:

- d/dx(c) = 0

- The derivative of any constant is 0.

2. Power Rule:

- d/dx(x^n) = n * x^(n-1), for any real number n.


Basic Derivatives Reviewer

3. Constant Multiple Rule:

- d/dx(c * f(x)) = c * f'(x)

4. Sum and Difference Rule:

- d/dx[f(x) ± g(x)] = f'(x) ± g'(x)

5. Product Rule:

- d/dx[f(x) * g(x)] = f'(x)g(x) + f(x)g'(x)

6. Quotient Rule:

- d/dx[f(x)/g(x)] = (f'(x)g(x) - f(x)g'(x)) / [g(x)]^2

Common Derivatives

1. d/dx(x) = 1

2. d/dx(x^2) = 2x

3. d/dx(sin x) = cos x

4. d/dx(cos x) = -sin x

5. d/dx(e^x) = e^x

6. d/dx(ln x) = 1/x

Applications of Derivatives

- Finding tangents and normals to curves

- Calculating velocity and acceleration

- Optimization problems (maxima/minima)


Basic Derivatives Reviewer

- Analyzing functions (increasing/decreasing, concavity)

- Solving related rates problems

Example Problems

1. Find the derivative of f(x) = 3x^4:

Solution: f'(x) = 3 * 4x^3 = 12x^3

2. Differentiate y = 2x^2 + 5x - 7:

Solution: dy/dx = 4x + 5

3. Find the derivative of f(x) = x^2 * sin x:

Use Product Rule:

f'(x) = 2x * sin x + x^2 * cos x

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