Question Bank

Basics of Electrical and Electronics Engineering

1. Define a circuit and a network. How are they different?

2. Calculate the total current in a series R-L-C circuit where R=10 Ω, L=0.2H L = 0.2 H,
C=10μF and the supply voltage is V=100V at a frequency of 50 Hz.
3. State the Mass Action Law in semiconductors
4. Outline the difference between ideal and practical diode behavior.
5. Label the EMF equation of a single-phase transformer.
6. A 220 V DC motor draws 10 A current when running. If the back EMF is 180 V,
calculate the mechanical power developed by the motor.
7. Identify the special electrical machines and its applications.
8. Outline the current gain in the Common Base (CB) and Common Emitter (CE)
configuration of a BJT.
9. List the difference between BJT and FET.
10. Outline the difference between enhancement and depletion modes of a MOSFET.
11. Classify and explain the types of Network Elements.

12. Convert the Delta network in a) Fig.(a) to an equivalent star network

13. Convert the star network in fig(b) to delta network

 14. A series RLC circuit containing a resistance of 12Ω, an inductance of 0.15H and a
capacitor of 100uF are connected in series across a 100V, 50Hz supply. Calculate
the total circuit impedance, the circuits current, power factor and draw the voltage
phasor diagram.
15. Zener diodes are semiconductor devices that allow current to flow in both directions but
specialize in current flowing in reverse. Explain with a neat circuit diagram how a Zener
diode works as a voltage regulator. Discuss its operation for variations in input voltage
and load current.
16. Clamper is a device that changes the DC level of a signal to the desired level
without changing the shape of the input AC signal. Explain the types of clampers
with circuit and waveforms.
17. Explain the concepts of (i) Series Positive Clipper (ii) Series Negative Clipper with
example.
18. Center for Nanofabrication facility at IIT Bombay is planning to fabricate a pn-
junction diode. To help them understand, draw the schematic of the pn-junction
diode labelling each region. Explain the process that a pn-junction diode undergoes
if it is connected in forward bias and reverse bias mentioning all key phenomenon
that takes place.
19. Explain the principle, operation of a DC motor, and back EMF and torque equation.
20. Explain the principle of operation of an induction motor and discuss its
applications.
21. Transformer is an electrical device which increases or reduces the AC voltage.
Explain construction and working of a single-phase transformer with proper
diagram.
22. Compare core type and shell type transformer with proper diagram
23. Explain the concept of DC Load line on output characteristics in Common emitter
transistor circuit.
24. Summarize the input and output characteristics of a transistor and the current
components in a transistor.
25. Explain the Characteristics of JFET.
(i). Output characteristics (Drain) V-I curves of JFET
(ii). Transfer characteristics of JFET
26. Explain the Construction, Principle of Operation and types of MOSFET.
27. Circuit elements can be defined as the simplest building blocks of an electrical circuit
that control or influence the electric current. Define list the Linear Elements and
Non-linear Elements.
28. A German physicist Gustav Kirchhoff developed two laws enabling easy analysis of
interconnection of any number of circuit elements. Define kirchoff voltage law.
29. Define is static (DC) and dynamic resistance of a Diode?
30. Explain the VI characteristic of diode and define parameters in forward and reverse
bias.
31. A transformer is a passive component that transfers electrical energy from one
electrical circuit to another circuit, or multiple circuits. List various types of
transformer based on construction.
32. The transformer is basically a voltage control device that is used widely in the
distribution and transmission of alternating current power. A single phase, 50 Hz
transformer has a turns ratio of 2 and 30 turns in the primary winding then identify
the number of turns in the secondary winding.
33. State the EMF equation of a single-phase transformer.
34. Compare enhancement type MOSFET and a depletion type MOSFET.
35. Identify the formula for drain current and explain each parameter. In which region
does a transistor act as an amplifier? What is the function of the base in a transistor?
36. Explain the current gain in the Common Base (CB) and Common Emitter (CE)
configuration of a BJT. Identify the relation between them.
37. The resistor in an RLC circuit plays a similar role to friction in a mechanical system,
increasing the decay of oscillations and reducing the peak resonant frequency. With
the help of phasor diagram, in a series RLC circuit, obtain the relationship of voltage
and current. Explain the performance of power factor using impedance angle.
38. An AC circuit is an electrical circuit where the voltage and current regularly change
their magnitude and direction over time. A circuit consists of a resistance of 10 Ω, an
inductance of 16 mH and a capacitance of 150 µF in series. A supply of 100 V at 50
Hz is applied across the circuit. Find the power consumed by the circuit. Illustrate
using vector diagram.
39. Convert into equivalent Delta circuit.

40. Zener diode is a special type of diode designed to reliably allow current to flow
"backwards" (inverted polarity) when a certain set reverse voltage, known as the
Zener voltage, is reached. Explain the V-I characteristics of a Zener diode with a neat
diagram. Discuss the breakdown mechanism in Zener diodes.
41. A clipping circuit consists of linear elements like resistors and non-linear elements
like diodes or transistors, but it does not contain energy-storage elements like
capacitors. Outline the output waveform for clipper circuit.
(Given Input Voltage Vi= ±15V, Diode Si Type)
Vi
10k
1

15V +
Si

Vi Vo
2

t
5.3 V 7.3 V
-

42. Center for Nanofabrication facility at IIT Bombay is planning to fabricate a pn-
15V

junction diode. To help them understand, draw the schematic of the pn-junction
diode labelling each region. Explain the process that a pn-junction diode undergoes
 if it is connected in forward bias and reverse bias mentioning all key phenomenon
that takes place.
43. A diode is an electrical component that is used to facilitate the flow of electrical
currents in one direction. When a reverse bias is applied to a germanium PN junction
diode, the reverse saturation current at room temperature is 0.3µA. Compute the
current flowing in the diode when 0.15V forward bias is applied at room
temperature.
44. The EMF equation of transformer provides a theoretical basis to determine the
magnitude of electromotive force or voltage induced in the windings of a
transformer. Explain the EMF equation of Transformer. Also Explain the impact of
hysteresis and eddy current losses on transformer efficiency. How can these losses
be minimized?
45. A 3-phase induction motor is a device that does electromechanical energy
conversion. It converts three-phase electrical power input into mechanical power
output. Explain the construction of 3 phase induction motors.
46. A DC motor is an electrical motor that uses direct current (DC) to produce
mechanical force. The most common types rely on magnetic forces produced by
currents in the coils. Explain DC motor working principle.
47. A DC motor is an electrical machine that converts electrical energy into mechanical
energy. Describe the relationship between the armature current and the torque
produced by a DC motor.
48. When only one transistor associated with the circuit is used for amplification of a
weak signal, the circuit is known as a single-stage amplifier. Explain the single stage
amplifier circuit and illustrate input and output signal. List its advantages.
49. The output current (ID) of a JFET depends on applied input voltage between gate to
source terminal. Express the output current (I_D) as a function of input voltage
(V_GS). Describe using the transfer and drain characteristics for a n-channel J FET
and label the operating region in the curve properly.
50. The MOSFET transistor has become one of the most important devices used in the
design and construction of integrated circuits for digital computers. Explain the
working of the n-channel depletion type MOSFET with diagrams and plot the drain
and transfer charateristics.
51. Bias voltage in a transistor circuit forces the transistor to operate at a different
level of collector current with zero input signal voltage than it would without
that bias voltage. A fixed bias circuit has IB=0.3mA with β=100. Assume VBE=0.
compute (i) Value of base resistor RB (ii) voltage between collector & emitter.
(Given +VCC = 12V, RC=300 Ohm, β=100)
+Vcc=12V

RB Rc=300 Ohm

NPN
52. An RL circuit is defined as an electrical circuit with a resistor and an inductor
connected in series, driven by a voltage or current source. With the help of
phasor diagram, show that the current drawn by the R-L series circuit, lags the
applied voltage by an angle φ with respect to voltage. Identify an equation for
the power consumed by an R-L series circuit. Draw the waveform of voltage,
current and power.
53. Compute the loop current and the voltage across 1 ohm resistor.

54. An RL circuit is a type of electrical circuit that includes a resistor and an inductor
connected in series. When a voltage is applied to the circuit, an electric current
flows through the resistor and the inductor. The inductor resists changes in the
current flow by creating a magnetic field around it, which induces a voltage
across the inductor that opposes the current flow. A circuit consists of a
resistance of 20 Ω, an inductance of 0.005 H in series. A supply of 230V at 50Hz
is applied across the circuit. Identify the current, power factor and power
consumed by the circuit. Draw the vector diagram.
55. Compute the equivalent resistance between terminal A and B.

56. A p-n junction diode is a semiconductor device that controls the flow of electric
current in a circuit. Explain the V-I characteristics of a PN junction diode with
neat sketch. Also show the effect of temperature on the V-I characteristics of
diode.
57. A clamper is an electronic circuit that fixes either the positive or the negative peak
excursions of a signal to a defined voltage by adding a variable positive or negative
DC voltage to it. Outline the output waveform of clamper circuit
58. A clipper is a circuit designed to prevent a signal from exceeding a predetermined
reference voltage level. Compute the output voltage for the clipper circuit. (Given, Input
Voltage, +Vi = +20V,
-Vi = -10V, Assume D1 and D2 as Ideal Diode)
C
+20V
2

Si R
Vi
Vo
1

t 5V
-10V

59. Zener diodes are semiconductor devices that allow current to flow in both
directions but specialize in current flowing in reverse. Explain with a neat circuit
diagram how a Zener diode works as a voltage regulator for variations in input
voltage and load current.
60. A DC motor is an electrical machine that converts electrical energy into
mechanical energy. Describe the main components of a DC motor and their
functions.
61. Explain the significance of the torque-speed characteristics of a DC motor. Explain
how the back EMF vary with the speed of the DC motor?
62. The system in the coil of an electric motor that opposes the current flowing
through the coil, when the armature rotates. Describe the back EMF
(Electromotive Force) in a DC motor, and its affect in the operation of the motor.
A transformer is a static electrical device that converts alternating current (AC) from one
voltage level to another. Describe the principle of operation of single-phase transformer.
59. Also describe the role of the magnetic core in a single-phase transformer and
compute the need of laminated core.
60. The process of applying a small DC voltage or current to keep the transistor in active
mode throughout a wave cycle. Compute IB, IC, VCE, VE, VB and VC.
61. A MOSFET is a field-effect transistor, where the voltage determines the
conductivity of the device. It is used for switching or amplifying signals. The
MOSFET transistor has become one of the most important devices used in the
design and construction of integrated circuits for digital computers. Explain the
working of the n-channel Enhancement type MOSFET with diagrams and plot the
drain and transfer characteristics.
62. A BJT is a three-terminal semiconductor device which is made up of two PN
junctions within its structure and is mainly used to amplify current. Explain the
Input and output characteristics of common base configuration.
63. A JFET is a semiconductor device with three terminals that is used to build
amplifiers, switches, and resistors. JFETs are voltage-driven devices. Explain the
working of N channel JFET.