Security

• Cabin crew must display their ID card when they are on board the aircraft, when passing
through security checkpoints at airport and when accessing or remaining in secured/
restricted areas of airport
• Controlling access to the aircraft:
1. Once cabin crew arrive on board until they disembark
2. Attend all open doors at all times
3. Assign another crew if unable to attend
4. Only one door opens during search
5. Only authorized personnel
• When a person refuses to provide identification:
1. Challenge,
2. Report
3. Follow
• When checking identification IDs, cabin crew to check:
1. Photo – request to remove mask
2. Expiry date
• Cabin crew not to use safety straps to control the access to the aircraft
• Refer back to EK ground staff in case the identification was in foreign language
• Cabin crew to check the flight number, date of the flight and destination of the flight
once checking the passengers boarding pass
• Security search in DXB is done by a security team:
1. “Emirates pre-flight aircraft security search list – DXB” to be signed by the purser
and captain
2. Purser to leave all lockable stowage unlocked
• When security search teams are not available, cabin crew to conduct the security search
• DXB when security teams are not available:
1. Search of catering items is not required weather sealed or not
2. The space in which the catering items are stowed must be searched
• Duty free containers and carts security search is the responsibility of the duty free
operator

• Preflight security search must be conducted:

1. Outstations
2. In DXB when security teams are not available
3. After ground staff has disembarked
4. Before passengers’ board
5. After the purser’s PA
• Security search position allocation:
1. Assign doors first
2. Assign “A” positions with security search areas
3. If crew member is late to the aircraft – must take over their security
responsibilities once they arrive on board
4. Reduced crew complement – purser may delegate security search responsibility
• If L5A member is not available then the security search of the MID galley is the
responsibility of L3 crew member in B777
• If L5A member is not available then the security search of the CRC to be conducted by
R3 crew member
• Areas of responsibilities and checklist on IFE:
1. Purser must play security video PA immediately after safety video check
2. Purser PA: “security video is now playing. Review your area of responsibility and
cabin crew security checklist”
3. Cabin crew shall review their area of responsibility
4. Cabin crew shall review the cabin crew security checklist
• If the video is not available:
1. Do not delay the search
2. Tablets with diagrams and checklist in common location
• Method to conduct a security search:
1. Jump seat
2. Cabin area (followed by lavatories, galley and CRC)
3. Bottom to top
4. Inboard seats followed by outboard seats e.g (D-E seats the C-B-A)
5. Row by row
• In case there is 3 seats inboard (D-E-F), cabin crew on the right-hand side must search
the middle E seats along with searching in between the center seat cushions
• Cabin search:
1. 100% of seat pockets should be searched physically
2. 100% of shoe boxes in J/C should be checked visually
3. 100% of F/C and J/C seat-backs checked visually
4. 10% of life jackets (2 in F/C, 4 in J/C and 6 in Y/C)
• When ground personnel is on board cabin crew should monitor them when they are
working in the crew’s area of responsibility. Thoroughly search the area where they
worked once they leave
• When a non-standard item is found in the cabin, cabin crew should:
1. Not touch or move
2. Do not leave unattended
3. Inform CSV and purser
• HOT principle can be applied preflight, inflight or postflight but not to be used during a
red warning.
• HOT principle:
1. Is the item not hidden?
2. Is the item obviously left behind?
3. Is the item typical of this aircraft?
• If 2 of the question’s answers were YES, return to its appropriate location or safely
offloaded from the aircraft
• If 2 of the question’s answers were NO, inform the captain and refer item to security for
assessment

• Confirmation of search in B777:

1. Horse show manner from L1 by the purser

2. “A” position verbally confirms to the station owner
3. Station owners confirm to the purser, e.g. L2, safety and security search
complete”

• Confirmation of search in A380:

1. Main deck – horse shoe manner from ML1 by CSV
2. Upper deck – horse show manner from UL1 by CSV
3. “A” position verbally confirms to station owner

• Out stations when licensed service provider is present:

1. Cabin crew should search all specified areas in the crew security checklist, search
10% of life jackets pouches compartments, search 10% seat pockets and no
search in-between the seat cushions

• Security checklists:
1. Emirates pre- flight aircraft security search list
2. Emirates aircraft bomb search list – on ground
3. Emirates aircraft bomb search list – in flight
4. Emirates least risk bomb location checklist (LRBL)

• Should be signed by purser and captain at all outstations

• Checklists are found in the flight crew EPTs and paper copies in the purser’s folder
• During transit stops with passengers on board, cabin crew to perform preflight security
search with baggage ID and passenger headcount (could be by counting the remaining
passengers or the disembarking passengers whatever is easier)

• During transit stops:

1. 100% of seat pockets in front of vacant seats must to searched
2. No search between the seats is required
• Purser must make a PA requesting all passengers to make a specific verbal
identification
• If there were unidentified baggage a reasonable attempt should be made to find the
rightful owner

• Unidentified baggage:

1. reasonable attempt should be made to find the rightful owner

2. owner not found, inform the captain and ground staff
3. baggage will be offloaded

• Post arrival security checks:

1. Visual inspection of areas passengers had access to
2. Same areas as preflight security search
3. Conducted at all outstations
4. Not required in DXB

• Cabin crew has to verbally confirm to the cabin supervisor the post arrival security
checks

• Access to flight deck: only operating flight and cabin crew and flight crew on personal
travel are allowed

• Entering the flight deck:

1. Clear vicinity
2. Check vacant toilets
3. Enter access code
4. Look up at the camera
5. Enter and close door immediately

• Existing flight crew:

1. Check relevant camera views and viewing lens
2. Contact cabin crew to relocate passengers
3. Exit and close door immediately

• USA security regulations:

1. Flight crew PA prior to departure
2. Notify if uncomfortable with congregation of passengers
3. Direct passengers to use lavatories in own cabin sections
• Exceptions:
1. Passengers with special needs
2. Lavatories inoperative in the cabin section

• When passenger is offloaded, security search including baggage ID of the area to which
the passenger had access to should be made. If the area cannot be verified, security
search and baggage ID of the entire aircraft should be done

• Cabin crew are not allowed to escort passengers who wish to return to the boarding
gate

• Permission maybe granted for EK ground staff to escort the passenger to the boarding
gate depending on:

1. Time of departure
2. Legitimacy of reason
3. Number of passengers still to board
4. Availability of an on duty EK ground staff to escort the passenger

• INADs are persons who are or will be refused admission to enter a country upon arrival
at a destination airport by immigration authorities
• On board process:
1. Seat number and monitor
2. Treat as normal
3. Last to disembark
4. Document to purser
5. If escorted, check for special requirements

• Crew restrictions for carriage of liquids, aerogels, and gels in aircraft cabin:
1. Less that 100 ml capacity
2. Fit in one clear plastic bag
3. Sealed
4. Not exceeding 1L in total

• Bomb threat assessment influenced by:

1. Nature of the threat
2. Way in which the threat is made known

• Assessing the threat:

1. VPNC
2. DSVP-EGS
3. Flight operations
• Red warning:
1. Specific warning
2. Identifies a target
3. Assessed as credible

• Green warning:
1. Vague warning
2. No target identified
3. Lacks credibility

• Bomb threat on ground:

1. PA: “this is the captain, purser to flight deck”
2. NITS -disembarkation
3. PA: “ladies and gentlemen, we have been advised of a security threat to one of
our aircraft. This will mean that this aircraft must be searched. You will have to
disembark and take all your personal belongings with you. Please follow
instructions of cabin crew”

• Bomb threat in flight:

1. PA: “this is the captain, purser to flight deck”
2. NITS -divert
3. PA: “ladies and gentlemen, we have been advised of a security threat to one of
our aircraft. Airlines receive many such threats. However, we intend to take all
possible precautions, therefore we will be landing at …. airport in …. minutes.
once we have stopped, I will talk to you again. In the meantime, follow the cabin
crew’s instructions”.
• Cabin search could be made in case of bomb threat in flight

• During a red warning, cabin crew should start an initial search, discreetly search:

1. Toilets and galleys

2. Emergency equipment stowages
3. Lifts
4. Coat closet / cupboards
5. Floor stowage
6. Shower spa
7. Crew jump seats
8. Crew rest
9. CWS
• When finding a suspicious article during a red warning, cabin crew must inform the
flight crew about:
1. Location
2. Size
3. Description

• Possible PA could be made: “ladies and gentlemen, if there is any one on board with B.D
or E.OD experience, please make themselves known to the cabin crew”.
• E.D is bomb disposal and E.O.D is explosive ordnance disposal.

• If it is advised by the captain to move the article:

1. It should be moved to L.R.B.L which is AFT right-hand side door

• One volunteer cabin crew is required to move the article

• Two escorts cabin crew are required while carrying the suspicious article to the LBRL
• Three carts are required to build the LRBL
• The passengers should be moved at least 4 rows away from the LRBL
• An indicator line (scarf or tie) is used to indicate the location of the suspicious article

• LRBL preparation:

1. Disarm the door

2. Remove equipment
3. Switch off non-essential power
4. Remove alcohol and duty free from the area
5. If device is on upper deck a380, use the aft stairs only

• AFT position cabin crew will be seated at the seats behind the last row of passengers for
landing after building LRBL

• If it is unsafe to move the suspicious article:

1. Await captain’s instruction

2. Move passengers away
3. Cover with plastic bag (because the cushions used to build the LRBL will be wet
so the plastic bag will prevent the water reaching the article and short circuiting
it)
4. Cover with cushions, pillows, blankets and saturate with water
• Hijacking is that the captain is forced by threat to relinquish his authority as a captain of
the aircraft
• Attempted hijacking is that flight deck has not been breached and the captain retains
control of the aircraft
• Three phases of hijacking:
1. Intimidation
2. Custodial
3. Resolution

• Three syndromes that could be observed during high jacking:

1. London
2. Stockholm
3. John Wayne

• During intimidation cabin crew must:

1. Remain calm, comply, cooperate
2. Avoid rapid or unusual movements
3. Inform flight crew as soon as possible via interphone using coded language:” A
passenger demands access to the flight deck”.

• During custodial phase:

1. Observe hijackers
2. Memorize information
3. Observe passengers
4. Translate information if required
5. Be aware of sleepers (accomplices to the highjackers)

• Syndromes:
1. John Wayne syndrome: the hostage feeling helpless and/ or guilty
2. London syndrome: a hostage is verbally and/ or physically antagonizing
3. Stockholm syndrome: a hostage developing feelings of gratitude towards the
hijackers

• Resolution phase:
1. Peacefully: successful negotiation
2. Forcefully: break down in the negotiation

• Aircraft storming is the forceful entry to the aircraft by special forces or armed police to
remove the hostages
 • During storming cabin crew should:
1. Get down immediately
2. Hands visible
3. Instruct passengers to do the same

• The captain and company will help in the identification. Process

• Disruptive/ unruly passenger:

1. Cause discomfort to other people

2. Cause damage to property
3. Is not complaint with instructions of EK staff
4. Endangers the safety of the aircraft, passengers, crew or themselves

• Objectives when managing a disruptive/ unruly passenger is:

1. Protect the safety and security of all on board
2. Calm the person down
3. Avoid confrontation
4. Prevent escalation
5. Take appropriate action

• Levels of threat:
1. Level 1 – minor threat
2. Level 2 – moderate threat
3. Level 3 – serious threat
4. Level 4 – flight deck breach

• Conflict management techniques:

1. LEAP – Listen actively, empathize, ask open questions, paraphrase. It is used to
identify the cause of disruptive/ unruly behavior
2. A.S.I – ask, suggest and insist. It is used when the passenger refuses to follow
instructions.

4 levels of threat:

• Level 1 Minor threat passenger actions:

1. Unacceptable language/gestures
2. Intentionally non-compliant with safety regulations and policies
3. Lively excitable

• Level 1 Minor threat management:

1. Diffuse and switch crew member
2. Use conflict management techniques
 3. Avoid escalation
4. Inform CSV and purser
5. Possible formal warning – captain’s permission

• Level 2 moderate threat passenger actions:

1. Physically abusive and/ or aggressive
2. Obscene behavior
3. Verbal threats
4. Tampering with emergency equipment
5. Damage to property

• Level 2 moderate threat management:

1. Attempt to diffuse and maintain safe distance
2. Use conflict management techniques
3. Avoid escalation
4. Inform CSV and purser
5. Possible formal warning – captain’s permission

• Level 3 serious threat passenger actions:

1. Threat display or use of a weapon
2. Physically or sexual assault with intent to injure

• Level 3 threat management:

1. Follow level 2 actions
2. Formal warning must be given
3. Inform CSV, purser and captain
4. Restrain with captain’s permission as a last resort

• Level 4 flight deck breach passenger actions:

1. Attempted intrusion in the flight deck
2. Credible threat of death/ serious bodily injury in attempt to gain control of
aircraft
3. Threat display or use of weapon to breach the flight deck
4. Sabotage of/attempt to sabotage an aircraft
5. Actions likely to endanger safety of flight

• Level 4 threat management:

1. Take actions to stop the breach
2. Inform flight crew
• Intoxication management using traffic light guide:
1. Green if the passenger is relaxed, sociable, comfortable, happy: continue serving
with monitoring
2. Amber if the passenger shows reduced inhibitions, has impaired judgement,
talks or laughs louder than the normal, seems overly friendly, argue, uses foul
language more frequently, increases alcohol consumptions, is careless with
personal belonging: 4 Ds, communicate and monitor
3. Red if the passenger moves in slow motion, responds slowly to questions,
appears glassy eyed, loses train of thoughts, makes irrational statements, spills
drinks, walks awkwardly, stumbles or fall down, is unable to sit up straight: deny,
communicate, offload

• 4Ds stands for delay, distract, dilute, deny

• Alcohol is offered only to passengers over 18 years old

• Passengers can consume their own alcohol if it is served by cabin crew

• Seniors (CSV or purser) are empowered to stop serving alcohol or to withdraw alcohol
that have been served

• Formal warning “On behalf of the captain, your behavior is unacceptable. If it continues,
we will be forced to take further necessary actions against you”,should be given:

1. Verbally in English, assertively

2. Once only
3. Captain’s permission
4. By CSV or purser

• Formal warning should be given:

1. When all attempts at disruptive/ unruly behavior management have failed
2. If the passenger is continuously disruptive
3. Before taking any direct action against a disruptive passenger

• After a disruptive /unruly passenger situation 2 reports are required:

1. KIS report – by CSV or purser
2. 2 witness statement minimum – KIS tablet one drive and manual copy – facilities
container

• Cabin crew should complete a witness statement report when they are directly involved
or observed a disruptive/ unruly incident
• Witness statement are not to be returned if requested, document that the passenger
ask to withdraw the statement and the reason
• 2 crew members minimum are required to restrain

• The elements of successful restrain are:

1. Surprise
2. Speed
3. Teamwork

• The contents of the restraining kit are:

1. 3 pairs of key cuffs
2. 2 straps
3. 1 key
4. 1 release tool

• Restraining process must not take more than few seconds

• One cabin crew is assigned to monitor the entire restraining process
• In combination with the use of pressure points, the manipulation if the joints is another
key element in a successful restrain
• Always restrain the passenger’s hands from behind
• Passenger’s hands and legs must be restrained before putting the passenger on the seat
• Use extension seat belt on the elbows elbows