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05 Lab Activity 1

The laboratory exercise focuses on the Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT), teaching students to generate signals and analyze them using Scilab software. Students will learn to compute DFT values, generate time domain sequences, and observe the relationship between time domain sequences and their magnitude responses. The exercise emphasizes the practical application of DFT in signal processing and includes steps for visualizing the results through plotting.

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Jeremy Brian
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15 views3 pages

05 Lab Activity 1

The laboratory exercise focuses on the Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT), teaching students to generate signals and analyze them using Scilab software. Students will learn to compute DFT values, generate time domain sequences, and observe the relationship between time domain sequences and their magnitude responses. The exercise emphasizes the practical application of DFT in signal processing and includes steps for visualizing the results through plotting.

Uploaded by

Jeremy Brian
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Laboratory Exercise

Discrete Fourier Transform


Objectives:

At the end of the exercise, the students should be able to:

 Generate signals in discrete Fourier transform via bode and pole-zero plot.

Software Used:
 Computer unit with installed Scilab 6.1.0 software

Principle:

Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) is used for the frequency representation of finite time signals and
an alternate form of the Fourier transform in which the finite length sequences are transformed into
other sequences. The DFT, apart from its importance for the representation of discrete time sequences
in the frequency domain, is the basis of many applications of signal processing, such as spectrum
analysis and data encoding.

𝑁−
1 where 𝑋(𝜔) is a continuous function
𝑋(𝜔) = ∑ 𝑥(𝑛) 𝑒−𝑗𝜔𝑛
of 𝜔 in the range −𝜋 to 𝜋 or 0
− 2𝜋.
𝑛=0

PROCEDURES:

 𝑥 = [1,2,3,4]
1. Detemine the DFT values based on the given below.

 𝑁=4

2. Use the given values to declare values:


x = [1,2,3,4];
N = 4;

3. Use the following commands to generate the values for 𝑛, 𝑘 and 𝑒 exponential values:
n = 0:N-1;
k = n;
kn = k' * n;
WN = exp(-%i*(2*%pi)/N) W =
WN.^kn

4. Use the following commands to generate the values for the time domain sequence. Write
observations on the generated values.

X = W * x'
disp('DFT of the given time domain sequence is', X)
Observation: The primary distinction between manually calculating the DFT and utilizing sci-lab is that
the latter assigns value to the fictitious unit j or i. All of the numbers obtained from solving the time
domain sequence have familiar imaginary units.

5. Use the following commands to generate the values for the magnitude response. Write observations on
the generated values.

X_mag = abs(X)
disp('Magnitude response', X_mag)

Observation: As I observed, number 4's output value will only reflect the absolute value of the element X,
eliminating all fictitious or values.

What is the relationship of the time domain sequence with the magnitude response in a domain? Explain.
- The time domain sequence and the magnitude response are connected via the Fourier Transform, which
permits the study and manipulation of signals in the time and frequency domains. Discrete-time signals
are subject to the same DFT in the time and frequency domains.
6. Generate signals using the code below. Draw the figure generated.

figure
subplot(311)
plot2d3(n,x)

subplot(312)
plot2d3(k,X_mag)

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