Raj Kumar Goel Institute of technology, Ghaziabad

Department of Applied Sciences & Humanities

B.Tech. First Year (Second Semester)
Session: 2023-24
Subject: Mathematics-II (BAS—203 )
QUESTION BANK (UNIT-1)
UNIT 1: Ordinary Differential Equation of Higher Order
Linear differential equation of nth order with constant coefficients, Simultaneous linear differential equations,
Second order linear differential equations with variable coefficients, Solution by changing independent variable,
Method of variation of parameters, Cauchy-Euler equation, Application of differential equations in solving
engineering problems.
CO 1: Remember the concept differentiation to evaluate LDE of nth order with constant coefficient and LDE
with variable coefficient of 2nd order (K1 & K5).
Q No. Question BLT CO
2
d2y  dy 
(i) Write order and degree of the differential equation, + 1 +   = 0.
 dx 
2
dx
Ans: Order = 2 and Degree = 2
1. K2 1
(ii) Determine the differential equation whose set of independent solutions is
e x
, xe x , x 2 e x 
Ans: ( D − 1) y = 0
3

Solve the following differential equations:

(i) ( D + 2)( D − 1)2 = e −2 x + 2sinh x
x −2 x x 2 x 1 − x
Ans: y = c1 e −2 x + (c2 + c3 x ) e x + e + e + e
9 6 4
2. d3 y d2 y dy K2 1
(ii) 3
−3 2
+3 − y = e x + 2 + 3x
dx dx dx
Ans:
x3 x 3x
y = (c1 + xc2 + x 2 c3 ) e x + e −2+
6 ( log 3 ) 3 − 3(log 3)2 + 3 log 3 − 1
Solve the following differential equations:
d2 y
(i) 2
− 4 y = (1 + e x )2
dx
1 2 x 1 2x
3. Ans; y = c1 e 2 x + c2 e −2 x − − e + xe K2 1
4 3 4
(ii) ( D 2 + 4) y = sin 3 x + cos 2 x
1 x
Ans: y = c1 cos 2 x + c2 sin 2 x − sin 3 x + sin 2 x
5 4
d2 y dy 
Solve 2
+2 + 10 y + 37 sin 3 x = 0, and find the value of y when x = , given that
dx dx 2
dy
= 0, y = 3 when x = 0. K3 1
4. dx
Ans: y = (6 − 3e − x )cos 3 x − sin 3 x , y=1

Solve the following differential equations:

5. d3 y d2 y dy K3 1
(i) − 3 +4 − 2 y = e x + cos x
dx 3 dx 2 dx
 1
Ans: y = c1 e x + e x (c2 cos x + c3 sin x ) + xe x + (3sin x + cos x )
10
(ii) ( D 2 − 4 D + 3 y ) = sin 3 x cos 2 x
1 1
Ans: y = c1 e x + c2 e 3 x + (10cos 5 x − 11sin 5 x ) + (sin x + 2cos x )
884 20
d2 y
(iii) + 4 y = sin 2 2 x with conditions y(0) = 0, y' (0) = 0.
dx 2
1 1 1 
Ans: y = − cos 2 x +  1 + cos 4 x 
6 8 3 
Solve the following differential equations:
(i) (D 2
)
+ 5D + 4 y = x2 + 7 x + 9

1 9 23 
Ans: y = c1 e − x + c2 e −4 x + x + x+ 
2

4 2 8 
d2 y dy
(ii) 2
−2 + 3 y = cos x + x 2
dx dx

Ans: y = e x ( c1 cos 2 x + c2 sin 2 x ) +

1
4
( cos x − sin x ) +
1
27
(9x 2
+ 12 x + 2 )
6. K3 1
d2 y dy
(iii) −4 + 4 y = x 2 + e x + cos 2 x
dx 2 dx

Ans: y = ( c1 + xc2 ) e 2 x +
1
8
( 2x 2
+ 4x + 3 − ) 1
8
sin 2 x + e x

d3 y
(iv) + y = e 2 x + cosh 2 x + x 2
dx 3
 3  1 2x
x
− 3 1 −2 x
Ans: y = c1 e −x
+e 2
 c2 cos x + c3 sin x + e − e + x2
 2 2  6 18
Solve the following differential equations:
(i) ( D 3 − 1) y = 3 x 4 − 2 x 3
x
 3 
( )
− 3
Ans: y = c1 e + e x 2
 c2 cos x + c3 sin x  − 3 x 4 − 2 x 3 + 72 x − 12
 2 2 
d2 y dy
(ii) 2
−3 + 2 y = xe 3 x + sin 2 x
dx dx
e3 x  3 1
 x −  + ( 3 cos 2 x − sin 2 x )
7. K3 1
Ans: y = c1 e x + c2 e 2 x +
2  2  20
(iii) ( D 2 − 4 D + 4) y = 8 x 2 e 2 x sin 2 x .

Ans: y = ( c1 + xc2 ) e 2 x +
e3 x 
2 
( )
3 − 2 x 2 sin 2 x − 4 x cos 2 x 

(iv) ( D 2 − 2 D + 1) y = e x sin x .
Ans: y = ( c1 + xc2 ) e x − e x sin x

Solve the following differential equations:

(i) ( D 2 − 2 D + 4) y = e x cos x + sin x cos 3 x

(
Ans: y = e x c1 cos 3 x + c2 sin 3 x + ) 1
2
e x cos x −
1
8
cos 2 x
8. K3 1
1
+ ( 2 cos 4 x − 3 sin 4 x )
104
(ii) ( D 2 + 2 D + 1) y = x 2 e − x cos x

(
Ans: y = ( c1 + xc2 ) e − x + e − x − x 2 cos x + 4 x sin x + 6 cos x )
 (iii) ( D 2 − 2 D + 1) y = x sin x .
1
Ans: y = ( c1 + xc2 ) e x + ( x + 1) cos x − sin x 
2
(iv) ( D 2 + 2 D + 1) y = x cos x .
1 1
Ans: y = ( c1 + xc2 ) e − x + cos x + ( x − 1) sin x
2 2

Find the complete solution of following differential equations:

(i) ( D 2 + a 2 ) y = tan ax
1
Ans: y = c1 cos ax + c2 sin ax − cos ax log(sec ax + tan ax )
a2
(ii) ( D 2 + a 2 ) y = sec ax
1 1 
9. Ans: y = c1 cos ax + c2 sin ax +  x sin ax + cos ax log cos ax  K4 1
a a 
(iii) ( D 2 + 9) y = cos ec 3 x
1 x
Ans: y = c1 cos 3 x + c2 sin 3 x + sin 3 x log sin 3 x − cos 3 x
9 3
(iv) ( D 2 + 1) y = cot x
Ans: y = c1 cos x + c2 sin x − sin x log ( cos ecx − cot x )
d2 y dy x
(i) Find the general solution of the differential equation: 2
+3 + 2 y = ee .
dx dx
−x −2 x 2 −2 x
Ans: y = c1 e + c2 e +x e
10.
(ii) Solve: (D 2
+ 2D + 2 y = e ) −x
sec x
3 K4 1

 sin x tan x 
Ans: y = e − x  c1 cos x + c2 sin x + 
 2 
Solve: (D 2
+ 2D + 2 y = e ) −x
sec x
3

11.  sin x tan x 

Ans: y = e − x  c1 cos x + c2 sin x + 
 2 
d2 y dy
(i) Solve: x 2 2
+ 4x + 2y = ex .
dx dx
1 1 1
Ans: y = c1 + c2 2
+ 2
ex
xx x
(ii) Solve: x y + xy − y = x 3 e x .
'
2 ''

12. 1  3 K4 1
Ans:: y = c1 x + c2 +x−3+ e
x

x  x
3
d y d2 y dy
(iii) Solve: x 3 3
+ 3 x2 2
+x + y = x + log x .
dx dx dx
1   3   3  x
Ans:: y = c1 + x  c2 cos  log x  + c3 sin  log x  + + log x
x   2   2   2
dx dy
Solve the following simultaneous differential equations = − y , =  x . Also show
dt dt
13. that the point ( x , y ) lies on a circle. K4 1

Ans: x = c1 cos  t + c2 sin  t , y = c1 cos  t − c2 sin  t & x + y = c1 + c2

2 2 2 2

dx dy
Solve the simultaneous equations: + 5x − 2 y = t , + 2 x + y = 0 , given that
14. dt dt K4 1
x = 0, y = 0 when t = 0.
 Ans:
 1 2  −3 t 1  1  1 2  −3 t 1 −3 t 2 4
x = − − t e + t + , y = − − t e − e − t +
 27 9  9 3  27 9  9 9 27

d2x d2 y
(i) Solve the simultaneous equations: 2
+ y = sin t , + x = cos t .
dt dt 2
t
Ans: x = c1 e t + c2 e − t + c3 cos t + c4 sin t + ( sin t − cos t )
4
t 1
y = − c1 e t − c2 e − t + c3 cos t + c4 sin t + ( sin t − cos t ) + ( sin t − cos t )
4 2
15. (ii) Solve the simultaneous differential equations: K4 1
dx dy dx
+ + 3 x = sin t , + y − x = cos t.
dt dt dt
Ans:
1 2 1
x = c1 e − t − 2c2 e 3 t − ( cos t − 2 sin t ) , y = 2c1 e − t − 2c2 e 3 t + cos t + sin t
5 5 5

Apply the method of variation of parameters to solve the following differential equation:
(i) ( D 2 + a 2 ) y = tan ax
1
Ans: y = c1 cos ax + c2 sin ax − cos ax log(sec ax + tan ax )
a2
d2 y
(ii) + y = cos ecx
dx 2
Ans: y = c1 cos x + c2 sin x + sin x log sin x − x cos x
d2 y 2
(iii) −y=
dx 2
1+ ex
 1 + ex 
Ans: y = c1 e x + c2 e − x + e x log  x −x
(
 − 1 − e log 1 + e
x
)
 e 
16. d2 y dy K4 1
(iv) x2 2
+x − y = x2e x .
dxdx
1  1
Ans: y = c1 x + c2 +  1 −  e x
x  x
d2 y
(v) 2
+ a 2 y = s ec ax
dx
1 1 
Ans: y = c1 cos ax + c2 sin ax +  x sin ax + cos ax log cos ax 
a a 
d2 y dy
(vi) x2 2
+ 2x − 12 y = x 3 log x
dx dx
1 x −4  1 
Ans: y = c1 x + c2 x 3 −4
+ x 3
( log x ) 2
+  − log x 
14 49  7 

Apply the method of variation of parameters to solve the following differential equation:
d2 y dy ex
(i) − 3 + 2 y = .
dx 2 dx 1+ ex
( ) ( )
17. K4 1
Ans: y = c1 e x + c2 e 2 x + e x log e − x + 1 + e 2 x log(1 + e − x ) + e 2 x 1 + e − x
d2 y dy
(ii) x 2
2
+ 4x + 2y = ex.
dx dx
 1 1 1 (1 − x )
Ans:: y = c1 + c2 2
+ ex + ex
x x x x2
d2 y dy e3x
(iii) − 6 + 9 y = .
dx 2 dx x2
Ans:: y = ( c1 x + c2 ) e 3 x − e 3 x log x
d2 y dy
(iv) 2
+ 2 + y = e − x log x .
dx dx
 3 x2 x2 
Ans: y = (c1 + xc2 )e − x − e − x  − log x 
 4 2 
(D ) ( )
−1
(v) 2
− 1 y = 2 1 − e −2 x 2

Ans: y = c1 e + c2 e x −x
+ e sin
x −1
(e ) − e (e
−x −x −2 x
−1 ) 2

(vi) (D 2
+ 2D + 2 y = e ) −x
sec x
3

 sin x tan x 
Ans: y = e − x  c1 cos x + c2 sin x + 
 2 

Solve the following differential equations by changing the independent variable:

d2 y dy
(i) 2
+ (3 sin x − cot x ) + 2 y sin 2 x = e − cos x sin 2 x .
dx dx
e − cos x
Ans: y = c1 e cos x + c2 e 2cos x +
6
2
6 d y dy 1
(ii) x 2
+ 3 x5 + a2 y = 2
dx dx x
 a   a  1
18. Ans:: y = c1 cos  2  + c2 sin  2  + 2 2 K4 1
 2x   2x  a x
2
d y dy
(iii) 2
− cot x − y sin 2 x = cos x − cos 3 x .
dx dx
Ans: y = c1 e − cos x + c2 e cos x − cos x
d2 y dy
(iv) (1 + x )2 2
+ (1 + x ) + y = 4 cos{log(1 + x )}.
dx dx
Ans: y = c1 cos log(1 + x ) + c2 sin log(1 + x ) + 2 log(1 + x ) sin log(1 + x )

An RCL circuit connected in series with an inductance of 1 henry, a resistance of

16 ohms and capacitance of 0.01 farad has an applied voltage of 10 sin 10t volts.
19. Find an expression for the current at any time t if there is no initial current and no K4 1
initial charge on capacitor.
25 5
Ans: i = − e −8 t sin 6t + sin 10t
24 8

An inductance (L) of 2.0 H and a resistance (R) of 20 Ω are connected in series

with e.m.f. E volts. If the current (i) is zero when t=0, find the current (i) at the
20. end of 0.01 second if E=100V, using the following differential equation: K4 1
di
L + iR = E
dt
Ans: i = 0.475