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Noushin Mumbai2008

On November 26, 2008, ten terrorists from Lashkar-e-Taiba executed coordinated attacks in Mumbai, resulting in 172 deaths and over 300 injuries, aiming to destabilize India and harm its international relations. The attacks revealed significant deficiencies in India's counterterrorism capabilities, prompting major reforms such as the establishment of the National Investigation Agency and improved coastal security. Key figures involved included Ajmal Kasab and leaders Hafiz Saeed and Zaki-ur-Rehman Lakhvi, with funding sourced from global charitable funds and individual donations.

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15 views13 pages

Noushin Mumbai2008

On November 26, 2008, ten terrorists from Lashkar-e-Taiba executed coordinated attacks in Mumbai, resulting in 172 deaths and over 300 injuries, aiming to destabilize India and harm its international relations. The attacks revealed significant deficiencies in India's counterterrorism capabilities, prompting major reforms such as the establishment of the National Investigation Agency and improved coastal security. Key figures involved included Ajmal Kasab and leaders Hafiz Saeed and Zaki-ur-Rehman Lakhvi, with funding sourced from global charitable funds and individual donations.

Uploaded by

Noushin Khan
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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THE LESSONS

OF MUMBAI
Angel Rabasa et al

Presented by
Noushin Khan
18 January 2025
BRIEF SUMMARY
On November 26, 2008, ten terrorists from
Pakistan's Lashkar-e-Taiba carried out coordinated
attacks in Mumbai, targeting multiple locations,
including two luxury hotels, a Jewish center, and a
train station. The 60-hour siege involved shootings,
hostage situations, and explosions, leading to 172
deaths and over 300 injuries. Their actions included
indiscriminate killings at public places and targeted
violence against foreigners, aiming to undermine
India's security and international relations. The
attack highlighted deficiencies in India's
counterterrorism capabilities, leading to significant
reforms.
THE MAIN PERPETRATOR
(ORGANIZATION)

A Lashkare-Taiba (LeT), a terrorist


group based in Pakistan, was
responsible for the attack.
KEY SUSPECTS(INDIVIDUALS)

- Ajmal Kasab (captured


terrorist). Lakhvi
- Key LeT leaders such
as Hafiz Saeed
(ideological head) and
Zaki-ur-Rehman Lakhvi
(operations planner).
Kasab
MOTIVES (WHY THE DID IT AND WHAT THEY
WANTED TO ACHIEVE?)

- Destabilize India and provoke communal


violence.

- Disrupt Indo-Pak relations and harm India's


international image.

- Further the Islamist agenda by targeting


Americans, Britons, and Jews, symbolizing the
"Crusader-Zionist-Hindu" alliance.
FUNDING SOURCE: WHERE DID
THEY GET THE MONEY FROM

Global charitable fonts of LeT

Individual donations
ATTACK TYPE TYPE OF TARGETS
(DISCRIMINATE OR (CIVILIAN/MILITARY/
DELIBARATE) MIXED/OTHERS)

-Deliberately targeted Americans


- Mixed (civilian, foreign
and Britons
nationals, symbolic sites such as
the Taj Mahal Hotel and Jewish
-the shootings at the hotel
were as indiscriminate center).
as those at the Chhatrapati
Shivaji Terminus).
NUMBER OF DEATHS
AND INJURED

172 died
Over 300 individuals
injured
MAJOR CT FORCE/ FIRST
RESPONDERS

- Local police forces (initial


response).
- National Security Guard (NSG)
commandos.
- Marine Commandos (MARCOS).
MAJOR INTELLIGENCE
AGENCIES RESPONSIBLE FOR DETECTING
TERRORIST GROUPS AND
PROVIDING EARLY WARNING

- Research and Analysis Wing (R&AW).


- Intelligence Bureau (IB).
INQUIRY COMMITTEE
FINDINGS

intelligence lapses
inadequate coastal surveillance
poorly equipped local police
delayed responses from specialized forces
Coordination between central and local agencies was
insufficient.
MAJOR CT RESPONSES AND
REFORMS ADOPTED BY THE
GOVERNMENT

-Establishment of the National Investigation Agency (NIA).


- Creation of regional NSG hubs for quicker deployment.
- Strengthening coastal security with new equipment and
personnel.
- Enactment of stringent anti-terror laws and upgraded
intelligence-sharing mechanisms.
THANK YOU

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