QUESTION BANK Chapter:2 Electric Potential and Capacitance SECTION A (1 MARK QUESTIONS) QI. What is the net charge on a charged capacitor? Q2. What is an equipotential surface. Give an example. (CBSE 2003) Q3. What is the geometrical shape of equipotential surfaces due to a single isolated charge? (CBSE 2013) Q4. Why are electric field lines are perpendicular at a point on an equipotential surface of a conductor? (CBSE 2015) QS. Define dielectric constant in terms of the capacitance of a capacitor. Q6. What may be a possible reason of water having a much greater dielectric constant (=80) than (Q7.In what form is the energy stored in a charged capacitor? MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS: Q8. If voltage applied on a capacitor is increased from V to 2V, choose the correct conclusion. (a) Qremains the same, C is doubled (b) Qis doubled, C doubled (©) C remains same, Q doubled (@) Both Q and C remain same 9. A parallel plate capacitor is charged. If the plates are pulled apart (a) the capacitance increases (b) the potential differences increase (6) the total charge increases (d) the charge & potential difference remain the same Q10.Which of the following is an example of a molecule whose centre of mass of positive and negative charges coincide each other? (@co: Co (©) CHSOH (NHS Previous Year CBSE Questions Page 35 of 484Q11.What is the angle between electric field and equipotential surface? (2) 90° always (630° always (c)0°t0. 90 ¢€)0 to 180° QI2.1f we carry a charge once around an equipotential path, then work done by the charge is: (a) Infinity (b) Positive (c) Negative (d) Zero 2 MARKS QUESTIONS Q13.Sketch equipotential surfaces for (a) A negative point charge (CBSE 2001) (b) Two equal and positive charges separated by 2 small distance. (CBSE 2015) Q14.Deduce the expression for the potential energy of an electric dipole placed with its axis at an angle 6 to the external field E.Hence discuss the conditions of its stable and unstable equilibrium. (CBSE 2008,2019,2021 Compt.) 3 MARKS QUESTIONS QIS. Obtain the expression for the resultant capacitance when three capacitors C: , Cand Cs are connected (i) in series (ii) in parallel, Q16. Define the capacitance of a capacitor. Obtain the expression for the capacitance of a parallel plate capacitor in vacuum in terms of plate area A and separation d between the plates. 5 MARKS QUESTIONS QI7. (a) Define the SI unit of capacitance. (b) Obtain the expression for the capacitance of a parallel plate capacitor, QI8. (a) Define potential energy of a system of two charges. (hyTwo-point charges q1 and qp, separated by a distance 12 are kept in an extemal electric field. Derive an expression for the potential energy of the system of two charges in the fied. Previous Year CBSE Questions Page 36 of 484SECTION-B 1 MARK QUESTIONS: QI. An air capacitor is given a charge of 24C raising its potential to 200 V. If on inserting a diclectric medium, its potential falls to 50 V. What is the dielectric constant of the medium. Q2. A parallel plate capacitor with air between the plates has a capacitance of 8pF. What will be the capacitance if the distance between the plates by reduced by half and the space between them is filled with a substance of dielectric constant k =6. Q3. What is the equivalent capacitance, C, of the five capacitors connected as shown in the figure ASSERTION — REASON QUESTIONS Directions: These questions consist of two statements, each printed as Assertion and Reason. While answering these questions, you are required to choose any one of the following four Fesponses. (a) Both Assertion and Reason are correct and the Reason is a correct explanation of the Assertion. (b) Both Assertion and Reason are correct but Reason is not a correct explanation of the Assertion. (c) Assertion is correct, Reason is incorrect (q@) Both Assertion and Reason are incorrect. Q4 Assertion; A spherical equipotential surface is not possible for a point charge. Reason: A spherical equipotential surface is not possible inside a spherical capacitor. QS.Assertion: The equatorial plane of a dipole is an equipotential surface. Reason: The electric potential at any point on equatorial plane is zero. Q6.Assertion: Electric potential and electric potential energy are different quantities. Previous Year CBSE Questions Page 40 of 484Reason: For a system of positive test charge and point charge electric potential energy = electric potential, Q7.Assertion: Two equipotential surfaces cannot intersect each other. Reason: Two equipotential surfaces are parallel to each other. Q8. Assertion : If the distance between parallel plates of a capacitor is halved and dielectric constant is three times, then the capacitance becomes 6 times, Reason : Capacity of the capacitor does not depend upon the nature of the material. Q9. Assertion : A parallel plate capacitor is connected across battery through a key. A dielectric slab of dielectric constant K is introduced between the plates. The energy which is stored becomes, K times, Reason : The surface density of charge on the plate remains constant or unchanged. MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS Q1O. Three capacitors are connected in triangle as shown 2eF in the figure. The equivalent capacitance between the < | 28 points A and Cis (a) INF “ aor (b)2uF (©3uF © (O14uF 2 MARKS QUESTIONS QL Iftwo charged conductors are touched mutually and then separated, prove that the charges on them will be divided in the ratio of their capacitances. QI2. Figure shows two identical capacitors Ci and C2, each of : 2 uF capacitance, connected to a battery of 5 V. Initially switch sv Ce “$" is left open and dielectric slabs of dielectric constant K = 5 uF 2uF ar inserted to fill completely the space between the plates of the two capacitors Previous Year CBSE Questions Page 41 of 484(i) How will the charge and (Gi) potential difference between the plates of the capacitors be affected after the slabs are inserted?” QI3. The given graph shows variation of charge “q’ versus potential difference *Y" for two capacitors Ci and Cz. Both the capacitors have same plate separation but plate area of C2 is greater than that of C\. 4 Which line (A or B) corresponds to C; and wiy’? Q14. A metal plate is introduced between the plates of a charged parallel v plate capacitor, What is its effect on the capacitance of the capacitor. Q15. Two capacitors have a capacitance of SuF when connected in parallel and 1.2uF when connected in series, Calculate their capacitances, Q16. Why does current in a steady state not flow in a capacitor connected across a battery? However momentary current does flow during charging or discharging of the capacitor. Explain, QI7. A capacitor is connected across 4 battery. (@ Why does each plate receive a charge of exactly the same magnitude? Gi) Is this true even if the plates are of different sizes? 3 MARKS QUESTIONS QI8. Calculate the potential difference and the energy stored in —— the capacitor C2 in the circuit shown ithe figure. Given potential AC, Cy at Ais 90 V, C1 =20 uF, C2 = 30 pF and C3 = 15 pF. Q19. A capacitor of unknown capacitance is connected across a battery of V volts. The charge stored in it is 300 wC. When potential across the capacitor is reduced by 100 V, the charge stored in it becomes 100 V. Calculate the potential V and the unknown capacitance. What will be the charge stored in the capacitor if the voltage applied had increased by 100 V? 20, A parallel plate capacitor, of capacitance 20pF, is connected to a 100 V supply. After sometime the battery is disconnected, and the space, between the plates of the capacitor is filled with a dielectric, of dielectric constant 5. Calculate the energy stored in the capacitor (@) before (ii) after the dielectric has been put in between its plates, Previous Year CBSE Questions Page 42 of 48821. A network of four capacitors cach of 12} capacitance is connected to a 500 V supply as shown in the figure. ae Determine cy $C, (a) equivalent capacitance of the network and ool (b) charge on each Capacitor. $00 Q22. A parallel plate capacitor is charged by a battery toa potentiad difference V, It is disconnected from battery and then connected to another uncharged capacitor of the same capacitance. Calculate the ratio of the energy stored in the combination to the initial energy on the single capacitor. 5 MARKS QUESTIONS 23. a) Explain, using suitable diagrams, the difference in the behavior of a (i) conductor and (i#) dielectric in the presence of extemal electric field. Define the terms polarization of a dielectric and write its relation with susceptibility. Q24. Two identical capacitors of plate dimensions 1 x b and plate separation d have di-clectric slabs filled in between the space of the plates as shown in the figure. — * .—*» 2p Obtain the relation between the dielectric constants K. Ki and Ka Q25. A parallel plate capacitor of capacitance C is charged to a potential V by a battery. Without disconnecting the battery, the distance between the plates is tripled and a dielectric medium of k = 10 is introduced between the plates is tripled and a dielectric medium of k = 10 is introduced between the plates of the capacitor. Explain giving reasons, how will the following be affected: (@ capacitance of the capacitor (ii) charge on the capacitance. Previous Year CBSE Questions Page 43 of 484SECTION- C 1 MARK QUESTIONS QI. A parallel plate capacitor is made of two dielectric blocks in : series. One of the blocks has thickness d, and dielectric constant Ki and the other has thickness dy and dielectric constant Ks as ' shown in figure. This arrangement can be thought as adiclectric 4 slab of thickness d (= di + da) and effective dielectric constant K. kat @ ket (ay 2 eke Q. CASE BASED STUDY QUESTION ‘An arrangement of two conductots separated by an insulating medium can be used to store electric charge and electric energy. Such a system is called a capacitor. The more charge @ capacitor can store, the greater is its | capacitance. Usually, a capacitor consists of two conductors having equal and opposite charge +Q and -Q. Hence, there is a potential difference V between them. By the capacitance of a capacitor, we mean the ratio of the charge Q to the potential difference V. By the charge ‘on a capacitor we mean only the charge Q on the positive plate. Total charge of the capacitor is zero. The capacitance of a capacitor is a constant and depends on geomettic factors, such as the shapes, sizes and relative positions of the two conductors, and the nature of the medium between them. The unit of capacitance is farad (F), but the more convenient units are y!F and pE. A commonly used capacitor consists of two long strips or metal foils, separated by two ong strips of dielectrics, rolled up into a small cylinder. Common dielectric materials are plastics (such as polyestors and polycarbonates) and aluminium oxide. Capacitors are widely used in radio, television, computer, and other electric circuits. 1.A parallel plate capacitor € has a charge Q . The actual charge on its plates are @QQ (b) Q2, W2 ©Q.Q @ W2,-Q2 Previous Year CBSt Questions Page 49 of 4842.A parallel plate capacitor is charged. If the plates are pulled apart (a) the capacitance increases (b) the potential difference increases (© ) the total charge increases (@) the charge & potential difference remains the same 3.Three capacitors of 2, 3 & 6 WF are connected in series to a 10 V source, The charge on the 3 uF capacitor is (@) Suc (b) 10ue (e) 12 (d) 15uC 4.f mn capacitors each of capacitance C are connected in series, then the equivalent capacitance of the combination is (@NC (b) PC (©) Cin (d) Cin? 2 MARKS QUESTIONS Q3. A capacitor has some dielectric between its plates and the capacitor is connected to a DC source. The battery is now disconnected and then the dielectric is removed. State whether the capacitance, electric field, charge stored and the voltage will increase, decrease or remain constant. o Q4.What is the capacitance of arrangement of 4 plates of area A a at distance d in air in fig. 5. A parallel plate capacitor has square plates of side 5 cm and separated by a distance of 1 mm. (2) Calculate the capacitance of this capacitor. (b) If a 10 V battery is connected to the capacitor, what is the charge stored in any one of the plates? (The value of ta = 8.85 x 10? Nm? C2) 3 MARKS QUESTIONS Q6. A 200 AF parallel plate capacitor having plate separation of S$ mm is chatged by a 100 V de source. It remains connected to the source. Using an insulated handle, the distance between the Plates is doubled and a dielectric slab of thickness 5 mm and dielectric constant 10 is introduced between the plates. Explain with reason, how the () capacitance, (ii) electric field between the plates, (ii) energy density of the capacitor will change ? Q7.-Two identical parallel plate capacitors A and B are connected to a battery of V volts with the switch S closed. The switch is now opened and the free space between the plates of E ax a the capacitors is filled with a dielectric of dielectric constant K. L | Previous Year CBSE Questions Page SO of 484 |Find the ratio of the total electrostatic energy stored in both capacitors before and after the introduction of the dielectric. 5 MARKS QUESTIONS Q8. A capacitor of unknown capacitance is connected across a battery of V volt. A charge of 120 uC is stored in it. When the potential across the capacitor is reduced by 40 V, the charge stored in the capacitor becomes 40 uC. Calculate V and the unknown capacitance. What would have been the charge im the capacitor if the voltage were increased by 40 V? Q9. A capacitor of unknown capacitance is connected across a battery of V volt. A charge of 240 PC is stored in it, When the potential across the capacitor is reduced by 80 V, the charge stored in the capacitor becomes 80 pC. Calculate V and the unknown capacitance. What would have been the charge in the capacitor if the voltage were increased by 80 V? QLO. Find equivalent capacitance between A and B c in the combination given below. Each capacitor is eee a of 2 uF capacitance, tateeeenes Previous Year CBSE Questions Page $1 of 484