SPATIAL DYNAMICS-01

ANALYSING ARCHITECTURE / BACHELORS IN ARCHITECTURE

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 ANALYSING ARCHITECTURE / BACHELORS IN ARCHITECTURE
people movement space

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What do we know about our movement patterns ?
The relationship between these patterns and spaces ?

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MOVEMENT

ANALYSING ARCHITECTURE / BACHELORS IN ARCHITECTURE

Walking Speed: the speed at which the user moves
avg 4.8 to 6.4 km/h
Avg speed will alter based on the user profile

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Movement path/direction: it is route the user takes as they
move through the space
people have a tendency to follow straight paths when possible

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WALKING SPEED
Here are some factors that can influence this avg speed

ANALYSING ARCHITECTURE / BACHELORS IN ARCHITECTURE

Individual factors : Age , fitness, personal preferences
Cultural norms : social expectations and traditions can dictate at speed
does the user walk . this is also linked the type of space the user is
walking to, from or through

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Environmental factors : the quality of path determined at what speed can
the user walk through. This could be considered a hypothetical maximum
speed that could be achieved and is linked to the physical properties of
the path
Social factors: Walking with others can influence pace. Groups may
naturally adjust their speed to accommodate the pace of the slowest walker
or maintain social interaction.
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PATH/DIRECTION
people have a tendency to follow straight paths between two points when
possible

ANALYSING ARCHITECTURE / BACHELORS IN ARCHITECTURE

Here are some factors that can influence this path

● Desire Lines/ social trails:

○ Behavior: People are motivated to take the most efficient and direct routes

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between two points to minimize travel distance and time.
● Obstacles and Barriers:
○ Behavior: People may adjust their paths to navigate around physical obstacles or
barriers for a smoother and more efficient journey.
● Points of Interest:
○ Behavior: people may deviate from a straight path to visit points of interest,
enhancing their overall experience and satisfaction.

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PATH/DIRECTION
● Social Interaction:
○ Behavior: Movement patterns are influenced by the desire for

ANALYSING ARCHITECTURE / BACHELORS IN ARCHITECTURE

social interaction, with individuals adjusting their paths to
join or avoid groups.
● Spatial Configuration:
○ Behavior: Movement may align with predefined pathways or

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layouts, with individuals following the spatial configuration
of the environment.
● Cultural and Behavioral Factors:
○ Behavior: Cultural influences impact movement patterns, shaping
how individuals walk, interact, and navigate through spaces.

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PATH/DIRECTION
● Perceived Safety and Comfort:
○ Behavior: Individuals may opt for well-lit, populated routes or

ANALYSING ARCHITECTURE / BACHELORS IN ARCHITECTURE

avoid certain areas perceived as less secure to enhance their
sense of safety and comfort.
● Way finding and Navigation:
○ Behavior: Movement is guided by the need for effective way

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finding, with individuals following signs, landmarks, or
navigational aids.

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SPATIAL CONFIGURATION

ANALYSING ARCHITECTURE / BACHELORS IN ARCHITECTURE

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Francis D. K. Ching, Architecture Form, Space And Order 3rd Edition
SPATIAL CONFIGURATION

ANALYSING ARCHITECTURE / BACHELORS IN ARCHITECTURE

● Centralization:
○ Effect on Movement:
■ Convergence: Movement tends to converge towards a central point or area.
■ Guided Circulation: Users are naturally guided along radial paths leading
to or from the central point.

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○ Effect on User Behavior:
■ Focal Point: Users are drawn to the central point, fostering a sense of
focus and hierarchy.
■ Social Interaction: Central spaces often become hubs for social interaction
and communal activities.

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SPATIAL CONFIGURATION

ANALYSING ARCHITECTURE / BACHELORS IN ARCHITECTURE

● Linear:
○ Effect on Movement:
■ Directed Flow: Movement follows a linear path, guiding users through a
sequence of spaces.
■ Structured Progression: Linear arrangements create a structured progression
from one point to another.

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○ Effect on User Behavior:
■ Directed Experience: Users experience spaces in a directed and intentional
manner.
■ Efficiency: Linear configurations can promote efficient movement from one
end to the other.

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SPATIAL CONFIGURATION

ANALYSING ARCHITECTURE / BACHELORS IN ARCHITECTURE

● Radial:
○ Effect on Movement:
■ Radiating Paths: Movement follows paths radiating from a central point,
creating dynamic and circular flows.
■ Centralized Exploration: Users are encouraged to explore spaces around a
central focus.

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○ Effect on User Behavior:
■ Dynamic Interaction: Radial configurations promote dynamic interactions as
users move around a central hub.
■ Balanced Experience: Users are likely to experience the environment in a
balanced and holistic manner.

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SPATIAL CONFIGURATION

ANALYSING ARCHITECTURE / BACHELORS IN ARCHITECTURE

● Clustered:
○ Effect on Movement:
■ Localized Movement: Movement occurs within and between clusters of spaces.
■ Hub-and-Spoke: Users navigate between clustered areas, creating hubs of
activity.

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○ Effect on User Behavior:
■ Functional Zoning: Clusters can promote functional zoning, influencing user
activities within each area.
■ Interaction Nodes: Users may engage in activities at specific nodes within
each cluster

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SPATIAL CONFIGURATION

ANALYSING ARCHITECTURE / BACHELORS IN ARCHITECTURE

● Grid:
○ Effect on Movement:
■ Structured Paths: Movement follows a grid pattern, providing structured and
orthogonal paths.
■ Networked Circulation: Users can choose multiple interconnected routes
through the grid.

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○ Effect on User Behavior:
■ Predictable Navigation: Grid layouts offer predictability, aiding user
navigation.
■ Access to Multiple Areas: Users have access to various areas, promoting
exploration and accessibility.

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SPATIAL CONFIGURATION

ANALYSING ARCHITECTURE / BACHELORS IN ARCHITECTURE

1. Open Plan:
○ Spatial Configuration: Large, open spaces without significant internal walls or
divisions.
○ Movement: Encourages fluid movement and flexibility, allowing users to navigate freely
within the open area.

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2. Closed Plan:
○ Spatial Configuration: Spaces divided by walls and partitions, creating separate rooms.
○ Movement: Movement is constrained to specific pathways, and users navigate through
distinct rooms.

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BUBBLE DIAGRAM

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ANALYSING ARCHITECTURE / BACHELORS IN ARCHITECTURE

Features

● Size
● Connection
● Label

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● Proximity

space ● Connectivity
● Type of configuration

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Classwork

Generate 9 unique configuration that influence the users

ANALYSING ARCHITECTURE / BACHELORS IN ARCHITECTURE

speed and the path they take as they navigate from space A
to space B based on the various pattern learnt in class
(eg: behavioural patterns, environmental path, getting lost
, wondering etc ) . Each variation should comprises of 6
spaces exploring different way the same outcome could be
achieved through the arrangement of spaces

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Start space : entrance
End space : room

6 spaces
1 - lounge
2- kitchen
3- staircase
4 -drawing room
5- courtyard
6-

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PATTERN LANGUAGE

ANALYSING ARCHITECTURE / BACHELORS IN ARCHITECTURE

Christopher Alexander, Sara Ishikawa, Murray Silverstein, “A Pattern Language: Towns,
Buildings, Construction

It is a collection of of patterns that addresses specific design problem or aspect

of the built environment. The patterns themselves can be combined and adapted with

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other patterns to address specific problems .The patterns cover a wide range of scales,
from the design of a single room to the planning of entire communities.

We will be studying few patterns that explore movement through space

https://arl.human.cornell.edu/linked%20docs/Alexander_A_Pattern_Language.pdf
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PATTERN LANGUAGE

Examples of patterns that explore movement and space :

ANALYSING ARCHITECTURE / BACHELORS IN ARCHITECTURE

● Main Entrance (Pattern 115)
● Paths and Goals (Pattern 122)
● Arcades (Pattern 156)
● Old People Everywhere (Pattern 181)

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● Pedestrian Street (Pattern 188)
● Entrance Transition (Pattern 197)
● Children in the City (Pattern 202)
● Web of Public Transportation (Pattern 206)
● Alcoves (Pattern 216)

https://arl.human.cornell.edu/linked%20docs/Alexander_A_Pattern_Language.pdf
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 ANALYSING ARCHITECTURE / BACHELORS IN ARCHITECTURE
https://archive.org/details/FrancisD.K.ChingArchitectureFormSpaceAndOrder3rdEdition/page/n293/mode/2up?view=theater

https://arl.human.cornell.edu/linked%20docs/Alexander_A_Pattern_Language.pdf

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Francis D. K. Ching, Architecture Form, Space And Order 3rd Edition 20
 ANALYSING ARCHITECTURE / BACHELORS IN ARCHITECTURE
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https://archive.org/details/FrancisD.K.ChingArchitectureFormSpace
AndOrder3rdEdition/page/n293/mode/2up?view=theater

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Francis D. K. Ching, Architecture Form, Space And Order 3rd Edition
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ANALYSING ARCHITECTURE / BACHELORS IN ARCHITECTURE

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