Genetics Practice Problems Name:, Drxyerrp crosses Period 1, In pepper plants, green (G) fruit color is dominant to red (g) and round (R) fruit shape is dominant to square (r) fruit shape. These two genes are located on dif ferent chromosomes. ©. What gamete types will be produced by a heterozygous green, round plant? Ggfr + GR, Gr, oR o b. If two such heterozygous plants are crossed, what genotypes and phenotypes will be seen in the offspring and in what proportions? iemnbess | Ge Gr gk ge GR |GGRR [G6GRw |Gq RR | 6ARF Gr GSR |C Garmin | Ggne Go RR |Ggatia | 998K [Qgkr Sr Coram |Geme (93k | gr Proportion Genotype Phenotype my ‘ Fed - roun ‘Ale gare ec = Souare 7 y Alle fed ~ round Oreen - Square Vile GGrr 2. About 70% of Americans perceive a bitter taste from the chemical phenylthiocarbamide (PTC) The ability to taste the chemical results from a dominant allele (T) and not being able to taste PTC is the result of having two recessive alleles (t). Albinism is also a single locus trait with normal pigment being dominant (A) and the lack of pigment being recessive (a). aa. A norrially pigmented woman who cannot taste PTC has a father who is an albind taster, She marries a homozygous, normally pigmented man who is a taster but who has a mother that does not taste PTC. ~ a. What are the genotypes of the possible children? Hint: first determine the genotypes of the parents. — . 5 / A @: Katt (Dad uns allo) 7: AAT#(motrer was a non tasier) Now that you have the genotypes of the parents, perform a Punnett square to determine what the F; of spring would be. Possible genotypesAt at at AT AAT+ | Ratt | AaHt At PAH | ha Ht Ht AT ARTY | nett [Aa Tt AY Ap4t Ady | AaH Na+} b What percentage of the children will be albinos? (, c. What percentage of the children will be non-tasters of PTC? % = Sov. 4. Tf this couple had ten children how many of the children will be non-tasters of PTC. You cannot be Certain! TH is NOt a Probability Questar TF all 1O Claven sere bery at cnmce +her the Gnswer Would be 5. 3. Wolves are sometimes observed to have black coats and blue eyes. ‘Assume that these traits are controlled by single locus genes and are located on different chromosomes. Assume further that normal coat color (N) is dominant to black (n) and brown eyes (8) are dominant to blue (b). Suppose the alpha male and alpha female of a pack (these. \.b are the dominant individuals who do most of the breeding) are black’! with blue eyes and normal colored with brown eyes, respectively. The female is also heterozygous for both traits. What are the genotypes of the possible offspring? ( NC) lb. Possible genotypes No | nb Yb No | 4, Nabe NA — | Ni@MRSE | Whavfedis | Nimidier | Nemidles y, Now Niko | eens | nsienesis | reves | toys “Ae Ne nnBb |an@Bb |nnB®b | nn» Ve nno nk AN LAN bo [NNnbe [NN bb WY, Abb (le What percent of the offspring will be normal colored with blue eyes? 4,In the breeding season, male Anole lizards court females by bobbing their heads up and down while displaying a colorful throat patch. Assume for this question that both males and females bob their heads and have throat patches, Assume also, that both traits are controlled by single locus genes on separate chromosomes. Now, suppose that anoles prefer to mate with lizards who bob their heads fast (F) and have red throat patches (R) and that these two alleles are dominant to their counterparts, slow bobbing and yellow throats. VY Afalelizard heterozygous for head bobbing and homozygous dominant for the red throat in 9 Free patch mates with a female that is also heterozygous for head bobbing but is homozygous * ferrecessive for yellow throat patches, Possible genotypes exfee [ER | $e | fe Fre [FRR | FF Re [FE Re [Fear Fe EE FE Re FP Rr [FE Re te [FeRr [Free MRRr [fer €e FRR Fe ee [FE Rr | FE Re a. How many of the F, offspring have the preferred fast bobbing / red throat phenotype (orgume 16 young)? (assume 100 young)? — ©. What percentage of the offspring will lack mates because they have both slow head bobbing and yellow threats? y c, What percentage of the offspring will have trouble finding mates because they lack one of the dominant traits? 7 - Ao = AS? 5, Carrion beetles lay their eggs in dead animals and then bury them in the ground until they hatch. Assume that the preference for fresh meat (F) is dominant to the preference for rotted meat and that the tendency to bury the meat shallow (5) is dominant to the tendency to bury the meat deep(s). Suppose a female carrion beetle homozygous dominant for both traits mates with a male homozygous recessive for both traits EFS What will be the genotype of the F, generation? What will be the phenotype of the F, generation? All will be FRSs 1 What will be the phenotypic ratio of the F2 generation if two of the F1 generation mated? Genotype Phenotype FSS Fresh -shall N X XS Rotted-Shallas % ‘What will be the genotypic ratio of the F, generation? Ie QrdrYrys [rar| pess:cl ress: | ress: Qrtss:H ress: Ql rtss: | tess: Lstss:_Lttss What will be the phenotypic ratio of the F, generation? 4: Q:h2 6. Suppose in a strain of soybeans, high oil (H) content in the seeds is dominant to low oil content cond four seeds (E) in a pod is dominant to two seeds in a pod. A farmer crosses two soybean plants, both with high oil content and four seeds per pod. The resulting F, offspring have a phenotypic ratio of 9:3:3:1 (High oil / four seeds : High oll / two seeds : Low oil / four seeds : Low oil / two seeds). a, What genotype were the parent plants? \ The on WO Whee) a pring High Oils 4 Seeds = HHEE or 46 produée oF with hee, b. Suppose the farmer chooses two of the high oil / four seed plants and crosses them. The Fz generation have all high oil / four seed phenotypes. What were two of the several possible Genotypes of the plants chosen by the farmer to cross? HHEE x HHEE — QOL dominant of ASP) or HHEE * HhEe — Only dominant or horerezygass of £3 pring c. Which known genotypes might the farmer cross her high oil / four seed plants with to determine their genotype? XI Cross with “hhee % sive alllelles, By crossing with all feces yeu can determine if the parent ig HHEE or HthEe UhEe x hhee — Can produce More hhee of Spring HHEE x hhee ~ All_heterozygous tspring