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Land Navigation

Successful land navigation requires map interpretation and orientation to effectively move between locations. Techniques include terrain association for compass-less navigation and dead reckoning for determining distance and direction. A combination of methods, along with preparation for nighttime navigation, enhances overall effectiveness in the field.

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6 views2 pages

Land Navigation

Successful land navigation requires map interpretation and orientation to effectively move between locations. Techniques include terrain association for compass-less navigation and dead reckoning for determining distance and direction. A combination of methods, along with preparation for nighttime navigation, enhances overall effectiveness in the field.

Uploaded by

asero1800
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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LAND NAVIGATION

GENERAL

Successful navigation between locations requires the ability to interpret the map,
compare it to the ground, and move to the desired spot. This is the critical skill that every
soldier should possess in order to be effective on the battlefield.

The first step for a navigator in the field is to orient the map. A map is oriented when
it is in a horizontal position with its north and south corresponding to the north and south on
the ground. Some such techniques are as follows:

1. Orienting the map with the use of compass.


2. Orienting the map by using terrain association.

A map can be oriented by terrain association when a compass is not available


or when the user has to make many quick references as he moves across the country. Using
this method requires careful examination of the map and the ground, and the user must now
his approximate location.

TERRAIN ASSOCIATION NAVIGATION

This method is used when there is no available compass in the field, To use
this method of navigation, a clear understanding of landforms depicted by contour lines is
needed. A lot of practice in comparing map and ground features is a key factor in the
success of this method.

DEAD RECKONING TECHNIQUE

Dead reckoning technique with compass is one of the simplest techniques to use
while navigating in unfamiliar area or in the absence of a map, but has less tactical value.

1. Basic:

a. Start point (own location). The first step in dead reckoning is to determine
your own location by any means.

b. Distance (pace count). This step requires you to determine the distance
from the initial location to the objective.

c. Azimuth (direction). Determine the magnetic azimuth in degrees from the


starting point to the objective.

2. Off-Set: The same basic principles of starting point, distance and azimuth are used
with this technique, the only difference is that when the azimuth to the objective is
established, a deviation, right or left, to it is predetermined.
3. Detour or bypass. This navigational technique is used when impossible obstacles
are found along in which dead reckoning is being used.

Actually, the best method is combination of different techniques. Constant


orientation of the map and continuous observation of the terrain in conjunction with
compass-read azimuths and distance traveled on the ground compared with map depend
entirely on compass navigation or map navigation; either or both could be lost or destroyed.

Navigating on foot at night or in a limited visibility presents its own characteristics,


however, the techniques and principles are the same that are used for day navigation. The
success in nighttime land navigation depends on rehearsals during planning phase before
the movement, such as detailed analysis of the map to determine the type of terrain in
which the navigation is going to take place and the predetermination of azimuths and
distances.

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