CORNER

wesshenlisompleoeutaty patt of the leariyproces It qyyes yu a total ight hetther the leatieg
A outcomes have been xhieved ot ot After yring through the corespondirg NCERT Tertthook chauter
attenpt these questos in exam like environnent, Give yoursell for Mark, tot (orrect answer and dertuct
one matk for wIong answe.Atable is, qiven at the end, that wil help you plan your next step.
Al the Best!

EXPRESSING CONCENTRATION OF SOLUTIONS 9. How many grams of NaOH are present in 250 ml. of
0,5 M NaOH solution?
What is the mass percentage of carbon tetrachloride (a) 7.32 g (b) 3.8 g
if 22 g of benzene is dissolved in 122 g of carbon (c) 5g (d) 0.5 g
tetrachloride?
(a) 84.72% (b) 15.28% 10. When 1.04g of BaCl, is present in 10gof solution the
(c) 509%
Concentration of solution is
(d) 44%
(a) 0.104 ppm (b) 10.4 ppm
2 What is the molarity of a solution containing 10 g of (c) 0.0104 ppm (d) 104 ppm
NaOH in 500 mL of solution?
(a) 0.25 mol L! (b) 0.75 mol L 11. What is the mas of urea required for making 2.5 kgof
(c) 0.51mol (d) 1.25 mol L-! 0.25 molal aqueous solution?
(a) 37 g (b) 25 g
3 What will be the nolarity of 30 mL of 0.5 M H,SO, (c) 125 g (d) 27.5g
solution diluted to 500 mL?
(a) 0.3 M (b) 0.03 M 12. Express the terms representing the following formulae.
No, of moles of solute
(c) 3M (d) 0.103 M (i) =(W)
Volume of solution in litres
4 What will be the molality of a solution of glucose in No. of moles of solute
water which is 10% w/W? (ii) = (X)
Mass of solvent in kg
(a) 0.01 m (b) 0.617 m
(c) 0.668 m (d) 1.623 m (ii)
No. of moles of component
=(Y)
Moles in the solution
5. What is the mole fraction ofglucose in 10% w/Wglucose Mass of component
solution? (iv) = (Z)
Mass of solution
(a) 0.01 (b) 0.02 W X
(c) 0.03 (d) 0.04
(a) Molality Molarity Mass fraction Mole fraction
6 A solution is obtained by mixing 200g of 30% and (b) Molarity Molality Mass fraction Mole fraction
300gof 20% solution by weight. What is the percentage (c) Molarity Molality Mole fraction Mass fraction
of solute in the final solution? (d) Molality Molarity Mole fraction Mass fraction
(a) 50% (b) 28%
(c) 64%
13. What will be the mole fraction of ethanol in a sample of
(d) 24% spirit containing 85% ethanol by mass?
7. The molality of 648 g of pure water is (a) 0.69 (b) 0.82
(a) 36 m (b) 55.5 m (c) 0.85 (d) 0.60
(c) 3.6 m (d) 5.55 m
14. How many gram of dibasic acid (nmolecular weight 200)
8. HoW many Na ions are present in 100mL of 0.25 M of should be present in 100 mL of the aqueous solution to
NaClsolution? give 0.I normality?
(a) 0.025 x 102 (b) 1.505 x 102 (a) lg (b) 2g
(c) 15 x 1022 (d) 2.5 x 1023 (c) 10g (d) 20g
 Solutions
15. 250 ml of sodiumcarbonate solutioncontains 2.65 gof (c) The solubility of agas is equal in both beakers.
Na,CO,. If 10 mL of thissolution is diluted to 500 mL, (d) The solubility of a gas remains unaffected by
the concentration of the diluted acid will be change in weights.
(a) 0.01 M (b) 0.001 M
(c) 0.05 M (d) 0.002 M 21. According to Henry's law 'the partialpressure of the gas
16. Concentration terms like mass percentage, ppn, mole in vapour phase (p) isproportional to the mole fraction
of the gas (x) in the solution. For different gases the
fraction and molality do not depend on temperature. correct statement about Henry's constant is
However, molarity is a function of tenmperature because
(a) volume depends on temperature and molarity (a) higher the value of Ky at a given pressure, higher
involves volume is the solubility of the gas
(b) molarity involves non-volatile solute while all (b) higher the value of Ky at a given pressure, lower is
other terms involve volatile solute the solubility of the gas
(c) number of moles of solute change with change in (c) Ky is not a function of nature of gas
temperature (d) Ky value for all gases is same at a given pressure.
(d) molarity is used for polar solvents only. 22. H,S is a toxic gas used in qualitative analysis. If solubility
17. The density of asolution prepared by dissolving 120gof of H,S in water at STP is 0.195 m, what is the value of K
urea (mol. mass = 60 u) in 1000 g of water is 1.15 g/mL. (a) 0.0263 bar (b) 69.16 bar
The molarity of this solution is (c) 192 bar (d) 282 bar
(a) 1.78 M (b) 1.02 M 23. The value of Henry's law constant for some gases at
(c) 2.05 M (d) 0.50 M
293 Kis given below. Arrange the gases in the increasing
SOLUBILITY. order of their solubility.
He: 144.97 kbar, H, :69.16 kbar,
18. Solubility of a substance is its maximum amount that N,:76.48 kbar, O,:34.86 kbar
can be dissolved in a specified amount of solvent. It (a) He <N,< H, <O, (b) O,< H, <N, <He
depends upon (c) H,< N,<0, < He (d) He <0,< N, <H,
(i) nature of solute (ii) nature of solvent
(iüi) temperature (iv) pressure 24. Henrys law constant for molality of methane in benzene
(a) (1), (ii) and (ii) (b) i), (ii)and (iv) at 298 K is 4.27 x 10 mm Hg. The mole fraction of
(c) (i) and (iv) (d) (i), (ii), (ii) and (iv) methane in benzene at 298 Kunder 760 mm Hg is
(a) 1.78 x 103 (b) 17.43
19. During dissolution when solute is added to the solvent, (c) 0.114 (d) 2.814
some solute particles separate out from the solution as
a result of crystallisation. At the stage of equilibrium, 25. When a gas is bubbled through water at 298 K, a very
the concentration of solute in the solution at given dilute solution of gas is obtained. Henry's law constant
temperature and pressure for the gas is 100kbar. If gas exertsa pressure of 1bar, the
(a) increases (b) decreases number of moles of gas dissolved in 1litre of water is
(c) remains constant (d) keeps changing. (a) 0.555 (b) 55.55 x 10
(c) 55.55 x 10-3 (d) 5.55 x 10
20. Consider the two figures given below.
W W, W Wa 26. How much oxygen is dissolved in 100 mL water at
Piston IIIIOIIIIIII 298 K if partial pressure of oxygen is 0.5 atm and
Gaseous WË< W2 < W; Ky =1.4x 10 mol/L/atm?
particles
Solution
(a) 22.4 mg (b) 22.4 g
Solution
(ii)
(c) 2.24g (d) 2.24 mg
(i

Which of the following statements regarding the 27. The law which indicates the relationship between
experiment is true? solubility of a gas in liquid and pressure is
(a) The solubility of a gas in liquid in beaker (i) is (a) Raoult's law
greater than that in beaker (ii). (b) Henry's law
D) The solubility of agas in beaker (i) is less than that (c) Lowering of vapour pressure
in beaker (ii). (d) van't Hoff law
 VAPOUR PRESSURE OF LIQUID SOLUTIONS 33. Partial pressure of a solution component
is directly
proportional to its mole fraction. This is known as
28. At high altitudes the partial pressure of oxygen is less (a) Henry's law
than that at the gound level. This leads to (b) Raoult's law
(a) ow omentrations of oxvgenin the blood and tissues (c) Distribution law
(b) high onentrations of ONYgen in the blood and (d) Ostwald's dilution law.
tissues
() release of dissolved gases and formation of bubbles 34. The given graph shows the vapour
of nitrogen in the blood curves for some liquids.
pressure-temperature
(d) thickening of blood and tissues.
29.
apreSosur Ptal()

D
3 . .

Mole fraction , = (Z)

Liquids A, B, Cand Drespectively are
X, YandZin the above graph are (a) diethyl ether, acetone, ethyl alcohol, water
(a) X=P, +P, Y= 1, Z=0 (b) acetone, ethyl alcohol, diethyl ether, water
(b) X=P, +p, Y= 0, Z = 1 (c) water, ethyl alcohol, acetone, diethyl ether
(c) X=P, Xp,, Y=0, Z =1 (d) ethyl alcohol, acetone, diethyl ether, water.
(d) X=P -P» Y=1,2 =0
35. 3 moles of P and 2 moles of O are mixed, what will be
30. In three beakers labelled as (A), (B) and (C), 100 mL of
their total vapour pressure in the solution if their partial
water, l00 mL of 1 M solution of glucose in water and
100 mL of 0.5 M solution of glucose in water are taken vapour pressures are 80 and 60 torr respectively?
(a) 80 torr (b) 140torr
respectively and kept at same temperature. (c) 72 torr (d) 70 torr
water IMglucose 0.5 M glucose
solution solution
IDEAL AND NON-IDEAL SOLUTIONS

36. For an ideal solution with p, >Pa which of the following

is true?

A B
(a) (<ligquid =(Marapour
(b) (x)iguid >(Xavapour
Which of the following statements is correct? (c) (xiguid <(Xavapour
(a) Vapour pressure in all the three beakers is same. (d) (aliqu-d and (x¡)rapour do not bear any relationship
(b) Vapour pressure of beaker Bis highest. with each other.
(c) Vapour pressure of beaker Cis highest.
(d) Vapour pressure of beaker Bis lower than that of C 37. What are the conditions for an ideal solution which obeys
and vapour pressure of beaker Cis lower than that Raoult's law over the entire range of concentration?
of A. (a) AmixH= 0, A,mixV=0, Piotal =pxA t PB8
31. Among the following substances the lowest vapour (b) AmiH=+ve, Ami. V=0, Potal Påx t P
pressure is exerted by (c) AmirH= 0, Ami V= +ve, Ptal =Påx4 t Påg
(a) water (b) alcohol (d) AmiH= 0, A,mir V= 0, Potal =Phx8
(c) ether (d) mercury. 38. Which of the following solutions is an example of
32. Vapour pressure of a pure liquid Xis 2atm at 300 K. It is negative deviation from Raoult's law?
lowered to l atm on dissolving l gof Yin 20 gof liquid X. (a) Acetone + Ethanol
Ifmolar mass ofX is 200. what is the molar mass of Y? (b) Carbon tetrachloride + Chloroform
(a) 20 (b) 50 (c) Acetone + Chloroform
(c) 100 (d) 200 (d) Water + Ethanol
 (0 vj p e e ol olution ia nere than he pure
(omponnt

0ponent Vapotnes

14. When etone and hlootorm are mixed togethe,

hydoge bond te loed belween them, Which ol
he tollowng natement h orret about the solution
made by mxgaetonc andhlorolom
(n) O Nog Aeonc d hloofom will forn A)
kleal solutlon.
(b) Onixngacetoncandhlorolompoxitivedeviation
IN hown snce the vajour prevure increaes
() On mxug elonc and hlorolom Cgaive
levlatlo % whown Nce there is detcase in
Vapour presNUre.
() (i) () AtaNppecitic compositlon acetone and hlorotorm
(a) ()Nitri aid Watcn () ctone thyl alobul will lorm inimunn boiling azcotrope
(b) ()Water Bthyl alohol, (i)Acetole Benzee 15, lhtcmolecular lorces bctwccn n hexane and heptane
() () Aetone Bhyl alwohol are nearly sane as between hexane and heptane
() Aoetone (hlonotorm Individually, When these (wo are mixed, which of the
() () Bienzcne Chlootorm lollowing s not truc about the solution formcl?
(ii) Avctone +Chlorotoru (a) Itobeys Raoull's law, i.e. Pa - AP and pn MP
(b) AH,mNing 8 2er0,
41, Wheu acetone and () AV N Zero,

chlorntorm are mixed (d) minmum boiling azeotrope.

together. which ot the H,c 46, (Given below are few nnixtures lormed by mixing two
tollowing observations is () components. Which of the following binary mixtures
willhave same composition in liquid and vapour phase?
(a) A A and B- Binteractions are strOnger ha1 () Ethanol +Chlorolorm
AB interactions, (i) Niric acid + Waler
(b) A-Aand 8- Binteractions are weaker than A -8 (ii) Benzene +'oluene
interactions. (iv) Bthyl chloride +Ethyl bromide
(a) (0 and (ii) (b) () and(i)
(c) AA, B-Band A - Biuteractions are equal. (c) (i), ii) and (d) (i) and (iv)
(d) The liquids torn1 separate layvers and are imniscible.
47. lhe syslemthal lorms naximum boiling azeotrope is
42. Which of the tollowing azeotropes is not correctly (a) lcetone -chloroforn1
matched? (b) ethanol -acetone
(a) HNO, (68%) + H.O (32%) : Maximum boiling (c) n-hexane -n-heptane
azeotrope, boiling point = 393.5K (d) carbon disulphide -acctone
(b) H,O (439%) + HI (57%) : Minimun boiling 48. Matclh the column I with column l| and mark the
areotrope, boiling point = 290 K ppropriate choice.
() CH,OH (95.5%,) + H,0 (4.59%) : Minimum
boiling azeotrope, boiling point =351.15 K Column I Column II
(d) Chloroform (93.2%) +C,H,0H(6.8%): Minimum |(A) AH,iy 0, AV,i 0() Non-ideal solution
boiling azeotrope, boiling point = 332.3 K |(B) AH,, 0, AV 0 (i) Positive deviation
3. Two liquids HNO,(A) and water (B) form a maximum |(C) AM,< 0, A,, <0 (iii) Ideal solution
boiling azeotrope when mixed in the ratio of 68% and (D) AH >0, AV>0(iv) Negative deviation
32% respectively. It means
a) A - B interactions are stronger than A - A and (a) (A) -’ (i), (B) -> (ii), (C) -’ (i), (D) -’ (iv)
B - Binteractions (b) (A) ’ (i). (B) -’ ().(C) ’ (iv), (D)’ (ii)
(0) A- Binteractions are weaker than A-A and B-B (c) (A) --’ (ii), (B) ’ (ii), (C) ’ (iv),(D) ’ ()
interactions (d) (A)-’ (ii), (B) -’ (ii), (C) ’ (i), (D) ’ (iv)
 49. Fill in the blanks with appropriate words. (a) The external pressure applied on the
Azeotropic mixtures boil without change in their solution to
Azeotropic mixtures exist in solutions showing stop osmosis is called osmotic pressure.
(b) The external pressure applied on the solvent to
deviations. solutions do not fornm azeotropes.
van't Hoff factor for an electrolyte is than 1. stop osmosis is called osmotic pressure.
(a) colour,positive, negative, non-ideal, greater (c) The hydrostatic pressure built up on solvent which
(b) properties, positive, negative, ideal, smaller just stops osmosis is osmotic pressure.
(c) boiling point, positive, negative, non-ideal, lesser (d) Pressure developed by solvent while solution flows
(d) composition, positive, negative, ideal, greater through semipermeable membrane.
COLLIGATIVE PROPERTIES AND DETERMINATION 54. 10% solution of urea is isotonic with 6% solution ofa
OF MOLAR MASS non-volatile solute X. What is the molecular mass of
solute X?
50. Asolution is made by dissolving 20 g of a substance in (a) 6gmol (b) 60 gmol
500 mL of water. Its osmotic pressure was found (c) 36 g mol
to be
600 mm of Hg at 15 °C. Find the molecular weight of (d) 32 g mol
the substance. 55. Anaqueous solution of 2% non-volatile solute exerts a
(a) 1198 (b) 500 pressure of 1.004 bar at the normal boiling point of the
(c) 1200 (d) 1000 solvent. What is the molecular mass of the solute?
(a) 23.4 g mol (b) 41.35 g mol
51. Match the column Iwith column II and
mark the (c) 10 g mol (d) 20.8 g mol
appropriate choice.
Column I 56. The relative lowering in vapour pressure is proportional
Column II to the ratio of number of
(A) K, (1) K, x W, x1000 (a) solute molecules to solvent molecules
AT, XW, (b) solvent molecules to solute molecules
(B) (c) solute molecules to the total number of molecules
M, (ii) W, x1000 in solution
M, xW (d) solvent molecules to the total number of molecules
in solution.
(C) (ii) RT;
1000 x Ly 57. Grapes placed in three beakers X, Yand Z containing
different type of solutions are shown in figures.
(D) m (iv) AT, xdRT
1000 x K,h
(a) (A)’ (), (B) ’ (ii), (C)’ (ü), (D) ’ (iv)
(b) (A)’ (iv),(B)’ (ii),(C)’ (), (D) ’(i)
(c) (A)’ (iü), (B) ’ (iv), (C) ’ (i), (D) ’ )
(d) (A) ’ (ii), (B) ’ (i), (C)’ (iv), (D) ’ (ii) Ifbeaker Xcontains water, Yand Zcontain
(a) Y- hypotonic solution, 2 -hypertonic solution
52. A plant cell shrínks when it is kept in a (b) Y- hypertonic solution, Z-hypotonic solution
(a) hypotonic solution (b) hypertonic solution (c) Yand Z- isotonic solutions
(c) isotonic solution (d) pure water. (d) Yandz- hypotonic solutions
53. Study the following figure showing osmosis and mark 58. In the graph plotted between
the correct statement. vapour pressure (V.P)) and
Piston Flow indicator temperature (AT),
(a) PQ is the curve for
VP.
solvent, XY is the curve
Solvent
of solution and Tis
depression in freezing
Solution Semipermcable
membrane point
 concentration, lower
(b) PO is the curve for solution, XY is the curve for (a) colligative, solution, higher
concentration, solution
solvent and AT is elevation in boiling point
concentration, lower
(c) PO is the curve for solvent, XY is the curve for (b) colligative, solvent, higher
solution and AT is molal elevation in boiling concentration, solution
concentration, higher
point (c) colligative, solution, lower
(d) PO is the curve for solvent, XY is the curve for concentration, solvent
solution and AT is elevation in boiling point. higher
(d) colligative, solvent, lower concentration,
concentration, solution.
59. Asolution containing 12.5 gofnon-electrolyte substance
in 185 g of water shows boiling point elevation of
0.80 K. Calculate the molar mass of the substance. 64. Which of the following statements is not correct?
(a) 5% aqueous solutions of NaCl and KCI are said
to
(K, = 0.52 K kg mol)
(a) 53.06 g mol (b) 25.3 g mol be isomolar.
(c) 16.08 g mol1 (d) 43,92 g mol (b) IM sucrose solution and I M glucose solution are
isotonic.
s0. A 5% solution (w/W) of cane sugar (molar mass = (c) Molecular mass of acetic acid and benzoic acid is
342 gmol) has treczing point 271 K. What willbe the higher than normal mass in cryoscopic methods.
freezing point of 5% glucose (molar mass = 18 g mol')
in water if freezing point of pure water is 273.15 K? (d) For the same solution, AT,
(a) 273.07 K (b) 269.07 K AT, K
(c) 273.15 K (d) 260.09 K
65. Which of the following statements is correct?
61. Osmotic pressure of a solution containing 2 g dissolved (a) A saturated solution will remain saturated at all
protein per 300cm' of solution in 20 mm of Hg at 27 °C. temperatures.
The molecular mass of protein is (b) A plant cell swells when placed in hypertonic
(a) 6239.6 g moll (b) 12315.5 g mol solution.
(c) 3692.1 g moll (d) 7368.4 g mol
(c) The depresion in freezing point is directly
62. Match the column I with column II and mark the proportional to molality of the solution.
appropriate choice. (d) Lowering in vapour pressure is a coligative
property.
Column I Column II

Ethyl alcohol + n
66. Which of the following statements is correct about
(A) Water (i) diffusion and osmosis?
n+N
(i) In oSmosis, a semipermeable membrane is used
(B) Benzene + (ii) Effect of pressure on gas while diffusion is without membrane.
Toluene solutions (ii) In osmosis, movement of molecules occurs in one
(C) Henry's law (ii) Ideal solution direction while in diffusion, movement occurs in
(D) Raoult's law (iv) Azeotropic mixture all directions.
(iii) In osmosis, only the solvent moves while in
(a) (A)’ (), (B) ’ (ii), (C) ’ (ii), (D) ’ (iv) diffusion both solute and solvent move.
(b) (A) - (i), (B) (iii), (C) -’ (i), (D) ’ (iv)
(c) (A) (iv), (B) ’ (i), (C)’ (ii), (D)’ (i) (a) (i) and (ii) (b) (i) only
(c) (ii) and (ii) (d) (i), (i) and (ii)
(d) (A)’ (ii), (B) ’ (ii), (C)’ (i), (D) ’ (iv)
63. Relative lowering of vapour pressure, osmotic pressure 67. Match the column Iwith column II and mark the
appropriate choice.
of a solution and elevation in boiling points are (p)
properties. Osmosis is the passage of q) through ColumnI Column II
a semipermeable membrane from a solution of (r) (A) (i) mol kg
K,
towards a solution of ( s , Osmotic pressure is (B) m (ii) mol L
equivalent to mechanical pressure which must be
(C) M (iii) gL
applied on (t)_ to prevent osmosis.
In the above paragraph p, q, r, sand t respectively are (D) Strength (iv) Kkg mol
 (a) (A)- (), (B)-’ (ii), (C)’(ii), (D) ’ (iv) 72. People taking lot of salt experience puffiness or
(b) (A) ’ (iv), (B) ’ (), (C) ’ (ii), (D) ’ (ii) of the body due to
swelling
(c) (A)- (i), (B) ’ (iv), (C) ’ (ii), (D)’ () (a) water retention in tissue cells and intercellular
(d) (A) ’ (ii), (B) ’ (ii), (C) ’ (i), (D) ’ (iv) spaces because of osmosis
(b water loss from the cells through
skin tissues
68. Asolution containing 10.2 gglycerine per litre is isotonic (c) capilary action of water through skin pores
with a 2% solution of glucose. What the molecular (d excessive thirst and drinking more water.
mass of glycerine?
73. Thepreservation of meat by salting and of fruits by
(a) 91.8g (b) 1198 g sugar protects them from bacterial action because adding
(c) 83.9g (d) 890.3 g (a) bacteria die of eating sugar or salt
(b) due to osmosis bacteria lose water on salted meat
69. In the given graph, pq, qr and st represent
or candid fruit and die
(c) due to osmosis bacteria gain water on salted meat
or candid fruit and die
(d) bacteria get stuck to the salt and sugar layers and die.
VP.
74. Sea water is desalinated to get fresh water by which of
the following methods?
(a) When presSure more than osmotic pressure is
(a) pg’ liquid state of solution, qr ’ solid state of applied pure water is squeezed out of sea water by
reverse osmosis.
solution, st’ liquid state of solvent
(b) pq ’ liquid state of solvent, qr ’ solid state of (b) When excess pressure is applied on sea water pure
water moves in by osmosis.
solvent, st ’ liquid state of solution (c) Water moves out from sea water due to osmosis.
(c) pq ’ liquid state of solvent, gr’ solid state of (d) Salt is precipitated from sea water when kept
solution, st ’ liquid state of solution undisturbed for sometime.
(d) pq ’ solid state of solvent, qr ’ liquid state of
75. Osmoticpressure is generally preferred for determining
solvent, st -’ solid state of solution. the molecular masses of protein because
70. What weight of glycerol should be added to 600 g of (a) it is difficult to find out mole fraction of proteins
for calculations by other methods
water in order to lower its freezing point by 10°C? (b) at elevated temperature the proteins are likely to
(Kf= 1.86° Cm') decompose and osmotic pressure is measured
(a) 496 g (b) 297g around room temperature
(c) 310g (d) 426 g (c) the apparatus involved in finding out osmotic
71. The osmotic pressure of a solution can be increased by pressure is simpler than other methods
(d) it is easy to boil or freeze a solution containing
(a) increasing the volume proteins.
(b) increasing the number of solute molecules
(c) decreasing the temperature 76. Sprinkling of salt helps in clearing the snow covered roads
(d) removing semipermeable membrane. in hills. The phenomenon involved in the process is
(a) lowering in vapour pressure of snow
Answer the following questions (72-75) on the basis (b) depression in freezing point of snow
of given paragraph. (c) increase in freezing point of snow
(d) melting of ice due to increase in temperature by
Osmotic pressure is widely used to determine molar putting salt.
masses of proteins and polymers. Two solutions having
same osmotic pressure are called isotonic solutions. 77. For carrying reverse osmosis tor desalination of water
Water can flow in or out from a substance depending the material used for making semipermeable membrane
is
on if it is kept in hypotonic or hypertonic solutions. The (a) potassium nitrate
direction of the osmosis can be reversed a pressure
(b) parchment membrane
larger than osmotic pressure is applied on solution (c) cellulose acetate
side. (d) cell membrane.
 olutions

78. Which of the following is not an industrial or biological ABNORMAL MOLAR MASSES
importance of osmosis?
(a) Movement of water from soil into plant roots and
upper portion of plant.
84. Which of the following relations is not correctly matched
with the formula?
(b) Salting of meat to prevent bacterial action.
i-1
(c) Reverse osmosis for desalination of scawater. (a) In case of association, a=
(d) Filling of ink in a fountain pen. -1

79. What will be the osmotic pressure in pascals exerted by

i-1
a solution prepared by dissolving 1.0 gof polymer of (b) In case of dissociation, .=
molar mass 150,000 in 500 mL of water at 37°C? n+1

(a) 30.96 Pa (b) 34.36 Pa

68.72 Pa
(c) Relative lowering of vapour pressure
(c) (d) 48.25 Pa
PA-PA
80. 2 g of sugar is added to one litre of water to give sugar
PA n4 tng
solution. What is the effect of addition of sugar on the
boiling point and freezing point of water? W X 1000
(a) Both boiling point and freezing point increase. (d) Elevation in boiling point, AT, =K, X Mp x WA
(b) Both boiling point and freezing point decrease.
(c) Boiling point increases and freezing point decreases. 85. Which of the following representations of i(van't Hoff
(d) Boiling point decreases and freezing point factor) is not correct?
increases.
(a) i=
Observed colligative property
81. Iflgof solute (molar mass =50 g mol-) is dissolved in Expected colligative property
50 g of solvent and the elevation in boiling point is 1 K.
The molar boiling constant of the solvent is Normal molecular mass
(b) i=
(a) 2 (b) 3 Observed molecular mass
(c) 2.5 (d) 5
Number of molecules actually present
(c) i=
82. Equimolal solutions in the same solvent have Number of molecules expected to be present
(a) same elevation in boiling point and same Total number of particles taken
depression in freezing point before association/disso ciation
(b) diferent elevation in boiling point and different (d) i=
depression in freezing point Number of particles after
association/dissociation
(c same elevation in boiling point but different
depression freezing point 86. Which of the following will have same value of van't
(d) same depression in freezing point but different Hoff factor as that of K,[Fe(CN),J?
elevation in boiling point.
(a) Al,(SO,), (b) AlCl,
83. Which of the following statements is not correct? (c) Al(NO,), (d) Al(OH),
(a) Osmotic pressure (r) ofa solution is given by the
relation =MRT where M is the molarity of the 87. Arrange the following aqueous solutions in the order of
solution. their increasing boiling points
(b) The correct order of osmotic pressure for 0.2 M (i) 10M NaCI (ii) 10 M Urea
aqueous solution of each solute is (i) 10°M MgCl, (iv) 10 M NaCI
CaCl, > NaCl> CH,COOH>glucose. (a) (i) <(ii) <(iv) <(ii) (6) (ii) <(i) =(ii) <(iv)
(c) Two solutions of sucrose of same molality prepared
(c) (i) <) <(iüi)<(iv) (d) (iv) <(ii) <() =(ii)
in different solvents will have same elevation in
boiling point. 88. What will be the degree of dissociation of 0.1 M
(d) Relative lowering in vapour pressure of a Mg(NO,), solution if van't Hoff factor is 2.74?
solution containing non-volatile solute is directly (a) 75% (b) 87%
proportional to mole fraction of solute is Raoult's
(c) 100% (d) 92%
law.
 N9. Match the oumn t with umn Wand mak the 94. What will be the freezing point of a 0.5 m KCl solution?
aqiate cho. The molal freezing point constant of water is l.86 °C ml
(a) 1.86 °C (b) - 0.372 °C
Columnl Colamn Il
(c) -3.2 C (d) oC
() 95. Which of the following has the highest freezing point?
(a) Im NaCl solution (b) I m KCl solution
(8)
vant Hott tator (c) Inn AlCI, solution (d) 1m CH,0, solution
(C) (i)
Lowering in vapour pressure 96. Why is the molecular mass determined by measuring
(D) (i) No ot gram molesof solute per colligative property in case of some solutes is
kg solvent abnormal?
(4)-’(ü), (B)’ (üm), (C) ’ (), (D) (iv) (a) Due to association or dissociation of solute
molecules
() (4)’(ü). (B) ’ (oi), (C)’ iv), (D) ’ (i)
(4) ’(). (B) ’ (), (C)’ (iv), (D) ’ (i) (b) Due to insolubility of solute molecules
(d) (A)(iùi), (B) (i). (C) ’ (), (D) ’ (iv) (c) Due to decomposition of solute molecules
(d) Due to large size of solute molecules
90. Which of the following will have the highest t.pt. at one
atmosphere? 97. What amount of CaCl, (i = 2.47) is dissolved in 2
(a) 0.l M NaCl solution (b) 0.1 M sugar solution litres of water so that its osmotic pressure is 0.5 atm at
27°C?
(c) 0.1 M BaCl, solution (d) 0.1 M FeCl, solution
(a) 3.42 g (b) 9.24 g
91. Ifais the degree of dissociation of Na,SO,the vant Hoff's (c) 2.834 g (d) 1.820 g
factor (i)used for calculating the molecular mass is 98. 0.001 molal solution of [Pt(NH),CI,] in water had a
(a) (b)
1+ 2a
freezing point depression of 0.0054 °C. If K, for water is
(c) (d) 12a 1.80, the correct formula of the compound is
92. A solute X when dissolved in a solvent associates to (a) [Pt(NH,),CI,]Ci (b) [Pt(NH,),C1]
form a pentamer. The value of van't Hoff factor (i) for (c) [Pr(NH,),CI,]CI, (d) [Pr(NH),]CI,
the solute will be
99. For which of the following solutes the vant Hoff factor
(a) 0.5 (b) 5 is not greater than one?
(c) 0.2 (d) 0.1 (a) NaNO, (b) BaCI,
93. The elevation in boiling point of a solution of (c) K[Fe(CN)] (d) NH,CONH,
9.43 g of MgCl, in l kg of water is (K; = 0.52 Kkg mol 100.The van't Hof factor of 0.005 M aqueous solution of
Molar mass of MgCI, = 94.3 g mol) KCl is 1.95.The degree of ionisation of KCl is
(a) 0.156 (b) 0.52 (a) 0.95 (b) 0.97
(c) 0.17 (d) 0.94 (c) 0.94 (d) 0.96
 (NCERT) EXEMPLAR PROBLEMS
Whnh t the allwing nits is tsetul in elating (a) Methan nd d ctoe
(h) (hlootom And dcetee
(al Me f r t n (h) arts yer million () Nitt Aida lwater
() Molality () henol andniline
n tissoling s r in water at Iom temperatwe Colligative operties depend on
Nution t s to touch. Vnder whiuh ot the (a) the nature of the Nelute particles dianelved in
folkowing wases disoution ot sugar will be ost raid? solution
(a Suar stals in nt water (b) the number of solute particlen in solutlon
(b) Sugar ystals in hot water () the phystcal properties of the olute particles
() Awded sugar in old water dissolved in solution
(d) wdemi sugar in hot water (d) the nature of Nolvent particles
Atquilibrium the rate ot dissolution oea solid solute in 9 Which of the following aqueous solutioos shoutd have
a olatile lhquid soent is
the highest boiling point?
(a) les than the rate of crystallisation (a) 1.0M NuOH (b) 0 M Na,SO,
(6)geater than the rate of crystallisation (c) I.0MNH,NO, (d) 1,0 M KNO,
() qual to the rate ot crystallisation
(d) 10. "lhe unit of cbulioscople constant is
A beaker contains a solution of substance 'A:
(a) Kkg nol'or K(molality)
(b) mol kg K'or K (molality)
Precipitation of substance 'A' takes place when small
amount of 'A' is added to the solution. The solution is (c) kg nol 'K'or k'(nolality)
(d) Kmol kg'orK (molality)
(a) saturated (b) supersaturated 11. In comparison to a 0.01 M solution of glucose, the
(c) unsaturated (d) concentrated depression in fireezing point of a0.01 MMgCl, solution is
(a) the same (b) about twice
5 Maximum amount of a solid solute that can be dissolved
(c) about three timcs () about six times,
in a specified amount of a given liquid solvent does not
depend upon 12. Anunripe mango placed in a concentrated salt solution
(a) temperature (b) nature of solute to prepare pickle, shrivels because
(c) pressure (d) nature of solvent (a) it gains water due to osmosis
(b) it loses water due to reverse osmosis
6. Low concentration of oxygen in the blood and tissues of (c) it gains water due toreverse osmosis
people living at high altitude is due to
(d) it loses water duc to osnosis
(a) low temperature
(b) low atmospheric pressure 13. At a given temperature, osotic pressure of a
(c) high atmospheric pressure concentrated solution of a substance
(d) both low temperature and high atmospheric (a) is higher than that at a dilute solution
pressure (b) is lower than thut of a dilute solution
(c) is same as that oe a dilute solution
7. Considering the formation, breaking and strength of
(d) cannot be connpared with osmotie pressure of
hydrogen bond, predict which of the following mixture dilute solution
will show a positive deviation from Raoult's law?
38
WtG Objective NCERT
14. Which of the following statements is false? (a) Water will move from side (A) to side
(a) Two difterent solutions of sucrose of same molality (B) if a
pressure lower than 0smotic pressure is applied on
prepared in ditterent solvents will have the same piston (B).
(b) Water will move from side (B) to side (A) ir.
depressiom in treezing point. pressure greater than osmotic pressure is applied
(b) Thc osmotic pressure ot a so1tion is given by the on piston (B).
quation + =CRT (where C is the molarity of the (c) Water will move from side (B) to side (A) if a
solution). pressure equal to oSmotic pressure is applied on
(c) Dcreasing order of osMotic pressure for 0.01 M piston (B).
aqucous solutions of barium chloride, potassium (d) Water will move from side (A) to side (B) if
chBoride, acetic acid and sucrose is pressure cqual to Osmotic pressure is applied on
piston (A).
BaCl, > KCl> CH,COOH> sucrose.
(d) According to Raoult's law, 20. We have three aqueous solutions of NaCI labelled as
the
exerted by a volatile component vapour pressure
of a solution is 'A 'B and Cwith concentrations O.1 M, 0.01 M and
directly proportional to its mole fraction in the 0.001 M, respectively. The value of van't Hoff factor for
solution. these solutions willbe in the order.
15. The values of van't Hoff factors for (a) i <ig <iç (b) i, >i >ic
KCI, NaCl and K,SO (c) i, =ig =ic (d) i, <ig >ic
respectively, are
(a) 2, 2 and 2 (b) 2, 2and 3 21. On the basis of information given below mark the
(c) 1,1 and 2 (d) 1,1 and 1 correct option.
16. Which of the following statements is false? Information:
(a) Units of atmospheric pressure and (I) In bromoethane and chloroethane mixture
pressure are the same.
osmotic intermolecular interactions of A-A and B-B type
(b) In reverse osmosis, solvent molecules move are nearly sameas A-B type interactions.
through a semipermeable membrane from a (II) In ethanol and acetone mixture A-A or B-B type
region of lower concentration of solute to a region intermolecular interactions are stronger than A-B
of higher concentration. type interactions.
(c) The value of molal depression constant depends (I) In chloroform and acetone mixture A-A or B-B
on nature of solvent. type intermolecular interactions are weaker than
(d) Relative lowering of vapour pressure, is a A-Btype interactions.
dimensionless quantity. (a) Solution (II) and (III) will follow Raoult's law.
17. Value of Henry's constant KH (b) Solution (I) will follow Raoult's law.
(a) increases with increase in temperature (c) Solution (II) will show negative deviation from
(b) decreases with increase in temperature Raoult's law.
(c) remains constant (d) Solution (III) will show positive deviation from
(d) first increases then decreases Raoult's law.
18. The value of Henry's constant Ky is 22. Two beakers of capacity 500 ml. were taken. One of these
(a) greater for gases with higher solubility beakers, labelled as "A was filled with 400 mL water
(b) greater for gases with lower solubility whereas the beaker labelled B° was flled with 400 mL
(c) constant for all gases of 2 M solution of NaCl. At the same temperature both
(d) no. related to the solubility of gases the beakers were placed in closed containers of same
19. Consider the figure and mark the correct option. material and same capacity as shown in figure.
Piston (4) Piston (B)
SPM B

Water NaCl solution

Concentrated
Fresh water sodium choride At a given temperature, which of the following
(A) solution in
water (B) statements is correct about the vapour pressure of pure
water and that of NaCl solution.
Solutions
39

(a) Vapour pressure in container (A) is more than that 25. On the basis of information given below mark the cor
in container (B). rect option.
(b) Vapour pressure in container (A) is less than that Information :
in container (B).
On adding acetone to methanol some of the hydrogen
(c) Vapour pressure is equal in both the containers. bonds bet ween methanol molecules break.
(d) Vapour pressure in container (B) is twice the (a) At specific composition methanol-acetone mix
vapour pressure in container (A). ture wilI form minimum boiling azeotrope and
willshow positive deviation from Raoult's law.
23. If two liquids Aand Bform minimum boiling azeotrope (b) At specific composition methanol-acetone mix
at some specithc composition then
ture forms maximum boiling azeotrope and will
(a) A-B interactions are stronger than those between
A-Aor B-B show positive deviation from Raoult's law.
(b) vapour pressure of solution increases because (c) At specific composition methanol-acetone mix
ture will form minimum boiling azeotrope and
more number of molecules of liquids AandB can
escape from the solution willshow negative deviation from Raoult's law.
(c) vapour pressure of solution decreases because less (d) At specific composition methanol-acetone mix
ture will form maximum boiling azeotrope and
number of molecules of only one of the liquids will show negative deviation from Raoult's law.
escape from the solution
(d) A-B interactions are weaker than those between 26. Ky values for Argy COz1g) HCHO and CHig are
A-Aor B-B 40.39, 1.67, 1.83 x 10 and 0.413 respectively. Arrange
these gases in the order of their increasing solubility.
24. 4 L of 0.02 M aqueous solution of NaCl was diluted by
adding one litre of water. The molality of the resultant (a) HCHO< CH,<CO, <Ar
solution is
(b) HCHO < CO, < CH, < Ar
(a) 0.004 (b) 0.008 (c) Ar< CO, < CH,<HCHO
(c) 0.012 (d) 0.016 (d) Ar<CH, <CO, <HCHO
 ASSERTION
& CORNER
REASON Directions : In the following questions, a statement of assertion is followed by a statemans
reason, Mark the correct choice as:
(a) Ifboth assertionand reason are true and reason is the
correct explanation of assertion
(b) foth assertion and reason are true but
reason is not the correct explanation of assertion
(c) If assertion is true but reason is false.
(d) Ifboth assertion and reason are false.

1. Assertion : Amalgam of mercury with sodium is an 9. Assertion : A solution of phenol and aniline will
example of solid solutions. show
Reason : Mercury is solvent and sodium is solute in the negative deviations from Raoult's law.
solution. Reason : In case of negative deviations from
Raoult's
law, A - B forces are stronger than A - Aand
2 Assertion: The concentration of pollutants in water or B- B
forces.
atmosphere isoften expressed in terms
Reason : Concentration in parts per of ppm. 10. Assertion : The solutions which show
million can be large positive
expressed as mass to mass, volume to volume and deviations from Raoult's law form maximum boiling
mass to volume.
azeotropes.
3 Assertion : One molar aqueous solution Reason :95% aqueous solution of ethanol is maximum
is
concentrated than that of 1 molal aqueous solution.more boiling azeotrope.
Reason :Molarity isa function of temperature as 11. Assertion :Osmosis does not take
depends on temperature. volume place in two isotonic
solutions separated by semipermeable
4. Assertion : Pressure does not have any effect Reason : Isotonic solutions have membrane.
on same osmotic
solubility of solids in liquids. pressure.
Reason: Solids and liquids are highly incompressible.
12. Assertion:Loweringofvapourpressure isnot
5. Assertion : Aquatic species are more
comfortable in on the number of species present in the dependent
warm waters than cold waters. solution.
Reason : Kå values for both N, and O, decrease Reason : Lowering of vapour pressure and
with relative
increase of temperature. lowering of vapour pressure are colligative properties.
13. Assertion : 1M solution of
6. Assertion: At equilibrium, vapour phase will be always KCI has greater osmotic
rich in component which is more volatile pressure than 1 M solution of glucose at
the same
Reason:The composition ofvapourphase in equilibrium temperature.
with the solution is determined by the partial pressures Reason : In solution KCl dissociates to
of the components. produce more
number of particles.
7. Assertion: Decrease in the vapour 14. Assertion : The vapour pressure
adding 1 mol of sucrose to one kgpressure of water by
of water is higher of sucrose is less than 1.013 bar
of an aqueous solution
to that produced by adding Imol at 373.15 K.
of urea to the same Reason :Vapour pressure of water is 1.013 bar at
quantity of water at the same temperature. 373.15 K.
Reason: Molecular mass of sugar is less than 15. Assertion : Molecular mass of
that of urea. KCI calculated on the
8 Assertion : In an ideal solution, AmiH basis of colligative properties will be
Reason : In an ideal solution, A - B is zero. normal molecular mass. lower than the
lower than A - A and B - B interactions are Reason : Experimentally determined molar
interactions. mass IS
always lower than the true value.