HALF YEARLY EXAMINATION(2024-25)

CLASS XII

SUBJECT-PHYSICS(042)

SET-B

Time Allowed: 3 hours Maximum Marks: 70

General Instructions:

1. There are 33 questions in all. All questions are compulsory.

2. This question paper has five sections: Section A, Section B, Section C, Section D and Section E.

3. All the sections are compulsory.

4. Section A contains sixteen questions, twelve MCQ and four Assertion Reasoning based of 1 mark
each, Section B contains five questions of two marks each, Section C contains seven questions of
three marks each, Section D contains two case-study based questions of four marks each and Section
E contains three long answer questions of five marks each.

SECTION A

1. The electric potential V at any point O (x, y, z all in metres) in space is given by V = 4x 2 volt. The
electric field at the point (1 m, 0, 2 m) in volt/metre is
(a) 8 along negative x-axis, (b) 8 along positive x-axis
(c) 16 along negative x-axis, (d) 16 along positive z-axis
2. What will be the value of electric field at the centre of the electric dipole : -
(a) Zero,
(b) Equal to the electric field due to one charge at centre
(c) Twice the electric field due to one charge at centre
(d) half the value of electric field due to one charge at centre
3. Electric field at a point varies as r° for
(a) an electric dipole, (b) a point charge, (c) a plane infinite sheet of charge
(d) a line charge of infinite length
4. A cylinder of radius R and length L is placed in a uniform electric field E parallel to the cylinder
axis. The total flux for the surface of the cylinder is given by
(a) 2πR2E, (b) πR2E, (c) E/ πR2, (d) Zero
5. Drift velocity vd varies with the intensity of electric field as per the relation
(a) Vd  E, (b) vd  1/E, (c) vd = constant, (d) vd  E2
6. A circular current loop of magnetic moment M is in an arbitrary orientation in an external magnetic
field B. The work done to rotate the loop by 300 about an axis perpendicular to its plane is
(a) MB, (b) (MB3)/2, (c) MB/2, (d) Zero
7. Biot-Savart law indicates that the moving electron with velocity v produces a magnetic field B such
that
(a) B  v, (b) B v, (c) it obeys inverse cube law, (d) it obeys inverse square law
8. A magnetic needle suspended parallel to a magnetic field requires 3 Joules of work to turn it
through 600. The torque needed to maintain the needle in this position will be
(a) 23 J, (b) 3 J, (c) 3 J, (d) 3/2 J
9. An electron is projected with uniform velocity along the axis of a current carrying long solenoid.
Which of the following is true?
(a) The electron will be accelerated along the axis.
(b) The electron path will be circular about the axis.
(c) The electron will experience a force at 45° to the axis and hence execute a helical path.
(d) The electron will continue to move with uniform velocity along the axis of the solenoid.
10. Two large metal sheets having surface charge density +σ and –σ are kept parallel to each other at a
small separation distance d. The electric field at any point in the region between the plates is
(a) σ/ε0, (b) σ/2ε0, (c) 2σ/ε0, (d) σ/4ε0
11. If a charged particle moves through a magnetic field perpendicular to it
(a) both momentum and energy of particle change.
(b) momentum as well as energy are constant.
(c) energy is constant but momentum changes.
(d) momentum is constant but energy changes.
12. A point charge (Q) is located at the centre of a cube of edge length a, find the final electric flux over
one face of the cube
(a) Q/ε0, (b) Q/6ε0, (c)6Q/ε0, (d) none of the above

Questions number 13 to 16 are Assertion (A) and Reason (R) type questions. Two statements are
given, one labelled Assertion (A) and the other labelled Reason(R). Select the correct answer from
the codes (A), (B), (C) and (D) as given below.
(A) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation of the
Assertion (A).
(B) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true, but Reason (R) is not the correct explanation of the
Assertion (A).
(C) Assertion (A) is true, but Reason (R) is false.
(D) Assertion (A) is false and Reason (R) is also false.
13. Assertion : Electric field inside a conductor is zero.
Reason: The potential at all the points inside a conductor is same.
14. Assertion : Work done in moving a charge between any two points in an electric field is independent
of the path followed by the charge, between these points.
Reason: Electrostatic force is a non-conservative force.
15. Assertion : The magnetic field produced by a current carrying solenoid is independent of its length
and cross-sectional area.
Reason : The magnetic field inside the solenoid is uniform.

16. Assertion : A proton and an alpha particle having the same kinetic energy are moving in circular
paths in a uniform magnetic field. The radii of their circular paths will be equal.
 Reason : Any two charged particles having equal kinetic energies and entering a region of uniform
magnetic field B in a direction perpendicular to B, will describe circular trajectories of equal radii.

SECTION B
17. Explain the term ‘drift velocity’ of electrons in a conductor. Hence obtain the expression for the
current through a conductor in terms of drift velocity.
18. A wire of resistance R is stretched ‘n’ times without affecting resistivity, and then it is cut into ‘n’
equal parts. Now, if all the parts are connected in parallel, what will be the new resistance?
19. Determine the magnitude of the magnetic field B at the centre of the circular coil of wire carrying a
current of 0.4 A and having 100 turns with 8 cm being the radius of each turn.
20. You are given three wires of length and area of cross section (L,A), (2L, A/2) and (L/2, 2A)
respectively. Which wire has highest resistance?
21. A cell supplies a current of 0.3A through a resistance of 7Ω and a current of 0.9A through a
resistance of 2Ω. What is the internal resistance of the cell?

SECTION C
22. State Gauss's theorem. Apply it to find electric field strength at any point around a straight charged
conductor of infinite length.
23. Obtain an expression for force acting between two parallel current carrying conductors. And hence
define one Ampere of electric current.
24. Discuss briefly Magnetic Lorentz force and define the SI unit of magnetic field based upon it.
25. Figure shows a rectangular current-carrying loop placed 2 cm away from a long, straight, current
carrying conductor. What is the direction and magnitude of the net force acting on the loop?

26. A series battery of 6 lead accumulators each of emf 2.0V and internal resistance 0.25Ω is charged by a
230V dc mains. To limit the charging current, a series resistance of 53Ω is used in the charging
circuit. What is (a) The power supplied by the mains, (b) The power dissipated as heat

27. Calculate the strength of magnetic field due to an electron revolving in a circle of radius 2 × 10 -10 m
with a speed of 5 × 106 m/s at its centre.

28. What is a Wheatstone bridge? Obtain the necessary conditions under which the Wheatstone bridge is
balanced.

SECTION D
29. Smallest charge that can exist in nature is the charge of an electron. During friction it is only the
transfer of electrons which makes the body charged. Hence net charge on anybody is an integral
multiple of charge of an electron, i.e. q = ± ne where n = 1,2,3,4, .... Hence nobody can have a charge
represented as 1.1 e, 2.7 e,
Recently, it has been discovered that elementary particles such as protons or neutrons are composed
of more elemental units called quarks.
(i) Which of the following properties is not satisfied by an electric charge?
(a) Total charge conservation (b) Quantization of charge
(c) Two types of charge (d) Circular line of force

(ii) Which one of the following charges is possible?

(a) 5.8 x 10-18C (b) 3.2 x 10-18C
(c) 4.5 x 10-19C (d) 8.6 x 10-19C
(iii) If a charge on a body is 1 nC, then how many electrons are present on the body?
(a) 6.25 x 1027 (b) 1.6 x 1019
(c) 6.25 x 1028 (d) 6.25 x 109
(iv) If a body gives out 109 electrons every second, how much time is required to get a total charge of
1 C from it?
(a) 190.19 years (b) 150.12 years (c) 198.19 years (d) 188.21 years

30. A galvanometer can be converted into voltmeter of given range by connecting a suitable resistance
R in series with the galvanometer, whose value is given by where V is the voltage to be measured, I
is the current for full scale deflection of galvanometer and G is the resistance of galvanometer Series
resistor R increases range of voltmeter and the effective resistance of galvanometer. It also protects
the galvanometer from damage due to large current. Voltmeter is a high resistance instrument and it
is always connected in parallel with the circuit element across which potential difference is to be
measured. An ideal voltmeter has infinite resistance In order to increase the range of voltmeter n
times the value of resistance to be connected in series with galvanometer is R = (n - l)G.

(i) 10 mA current can pass through a galvanometer of resistance 25. What resistance in series should
be connected through it, so that it is converted into a voltmeter of 100 V?

(a) 0.975, (b) 99.75, (c) 975, (d) 9975

(ii) There are 3 voltmeter A, B, C having the same range but their resistance are 15000, 10000 and
5000 respectively. The best voltmeter amongst them is the one whose resistance is

(a) 5000, (b) 10000, (c) 15000 (d) all are equally good

(iii) A milliammeter of range 0 to 25 mA and resistance of 10 is to be converted into a voltmeter with a
range of 0 to 25 V. The resistance that should be connected in series will be

(a) 930, (b) 960, (c) 990, (d) 1010

(iv) To convert a moving coil galvanometer (MCG) into a voltmeter

(a) a high resistance R is connected in parallel with MCG

 (b) a low resistance R is connected in parallel with MCG

(c) a low resistance R is connected in series with MCG

(d) a high resistance R is connected in series with MCG

31. (a) With the help of a diagram, explain the principle and working of a moving coil galvanometer.

(b) What is the importance of radial magnetic field.

(c) Why is that while using a moving coil galvanometer as a voltmeter, a high resistance in series is
required whereas in an ammeter a shunt is used.

OR

(a) Obtain an expression for the magnetic field at any point on the axis of a current carrying coil when
the diameter of coil is very small.

(b) A circular coil of 100 turns, radius 10cm carries a current of 5A. It is suspended vertically in a
uniform horizontal magnetic field of 0.5T, the field lines making an angle of 600 with the plane of the
coil. Calculate the magnitude of the torque that must be applied on it to prevent it from turning.

32. (a) Define the capacitance of a capacitor. Obtain the expression for the capacitance of a parallel plate
capacitor in vacuum in terms of plate area A and separation d between the plates.

(b) A slab of material of dielectric constant K has the same area as the plates of a parallel plate
capacitor but has a thickness 3d/4. Find the ratio of the capacitance with the dielectric inside it to its
capacitance without the dielectric.

OR

(i) Obtain an expression for the electric potential due to a small dipole of dipole moment p , at a point
r from its centre, for much larger distances compared to the size of the dipole.

(ii) Three point charges q, 2q and nq are placed at the vertices of an equilateral triangle. If the
potential energy of the system is zero, find the value of n.

33. Two cells of emf E1 and E2 and internal resistances r1 and r2 are connected in parallel. Obtain the
expression for the emf and internal resistance of a single equivalent cell that can replace this
combination.

OR

(i) Define the term resistivity of a conductor. Give its S.I unit. Show that the resistance of a conductor
is given by R= ml/ne2τA, where the symbols have their usual meanings.

(ii) A silver wire has a resistance 2.4Ω at 27.50C and resistance 2.7Ω at 1000C. Determine temperature
coefficient of the resistance of silver.