Half Yearly Examination - 2023-‘24

Sub: Physics
Class:XII Marks:70
Date: /2023 Time :3hr
General Instructions:

(i) There are 33 questions in all. All questions are compulsory.

(ii) This question paper has five sections: Section A, Section B, Section C, Section D and Section E.
(iii) All the sections are compulsory.
(iv) Section A contains sixteen questions, twelve MCQ and four Assertion Reasoning based of 1
mark each, Section B contains five questions of two marks each, Section C contains seven
questions of three marks each, Section D contains two case study-based questions of four
marks each and Section E contains three long answer questions of five marks each.
(v) There is no overall choice. However, an internal choice has been provided in one question in
Section B, one question in Section C, one question in each CBQ in Section D and all three
questions in Section E. You have to attempt only one of the choices in such questions.
(vi) Use of calculators is not allowed.
(vii) You may use the following values of physical constants wherever necessary.

I. c = 3 x 108m/s
II. me = 9.1 x 10 -31kg
III. e = 1.6 x 10-19C
IV. μ0 = 4 π x 10-7 TmA-1
V. h = 6.63 x 10-34Js
VI. ε 0 = 8.854 x 10-12C2N-1m-2
VII. Avogadro’s number = 6.023 x 1023 per gram mole

Section- A
1. Three charges +4q, Q and q are placed in a straight line of length ℓ at points at 1
distance 0, ℓ/2, and ℓ respectively. What should be Q in order to make the net
force on q to be zero?
(a) -q (b) -2q (c) – q/2 (d) 4q
2. The angle between the dipole moment and electric field at any point on the axial 1
point is:
(a)00 (b)1800 (c)450 (d) 900

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3. An electric dipole is placed at an angle of 30° with electric field intensity 2 x 10 5 1
NC-1. It experiences a torque equal to 4 Nm. The charge on the dipole, if the dipole
length is 2 cm, is:

(a) 8 mC (b) 2 mC (c) 5 mC (d) 7 mC

4. The electrostatic potential on the surface of a charged conducting sphere is 100 V. 1

Two statements are made in this regard:
S1: At any point inside the sphere, electric intensity is zero. S2: At any point inside
the sphere, the electrostatic potential is 100 V. Which of the following is a correct
statement?
(a) S1 is true but S2 is false.
(b) Both S1 and S2 are false.
(c) S1 is true, S2 is also true and S1 is the cause of S2.
(d) S1is true, S2 is also true but the statements are independent.

5. Two positive point charges of 12 μC and 8 μC are 10 cm apart. The work done in 1
bringing them 6 cm closer is:
(a)6.8 J
(b)3.8J
(c)12.8J
(d) 5.8J

6. Kirchhoff's junction rule is a reflection of : 1

(a) conservation of current density vector.
(b) conservation of charge.
(c) the fact that there is no accumulation of charged at a junction.
(d) Both (b) and (c)

7. A wire of length 5 m and radius 1 mm has a resistance of 1Ω . What length of the 1

wire of the same material at the same temperature and of radius 2 mm will also
have a resistance of 1Ω ?
(a) 1.25 m (b) 2.5 m (c) 10 m (d) 20 m

8. Two bulbs each marked 100 W, 220 V are connected in series across 220 V supply. 1
The power consumed by the combination will be :
(a) 220 W (b)100 W (c) 50 W (d) zero

9. An electric current passes through a long straight copper wire. At a distance 6 cm 1

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 from the straight wire, the magnetic field is B. The magnetic field at 18 cm from
the straight wire would be:
(a)B/2 (b) B/6 (c) B/4 (d)B/3

10. The resistance of an ammeter is 13 Ω and its scale is graduated for a current upto 1
100 A. After an additional shunt has been connected to this ammeter it becomes
possible to measure currents upto 750A by this meter. The value of shunt-
resistance is:
(a) 0.2 Ω (b) 2 Ω (c) 20 Ω (d) 2 kΩ

11. Points A and B are situated perpendicular to the axis of a 2 cm long bar magnet at 1
large distances x and 2x from its centre on opposite sides. The ratio of the
magnetic fields at A and B will be approximately equal to:
(a) 1:8 (b) 2: 9 (c) 27: 1 (d) 8: 1

12. An electron moves on a straight line path XY as shown. The abcd is a coil adjacent 1
to the path of electron. What will be the direction of current, if any, induced in
the coil?

(a) The current will reverse its direction as the electron goes past the coil.
(b) No current induced
(c) abcd
(d) adcb

For Questions 13 to 16, two statements are given –one labelled Assertion (A) and other
labelled Reason (R). Select the correct answer to these questions from the options as given
below.
(a) If both Assertion and Reason are true and Reason is correct explanation of Assertion.
(b) If both Assertion and Reason are true but Reason is not the correct explanation of
Assertion.
(c) If Assertion is true but Reason is false.
(d) If both Assertion and Reason are false.
13. Assertion (A): A charge, whether stationary or in motion produces a magnetic 1
field around it.
Reason (R): Moving charges produce only electric field in the surrounding space.

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14. Assertion (A): Transformers are used only in alternating current source not in 1
direct current.
Reason (R): Only a.c. can be stepped up or down by means of transformers.

15. Assertion (A): It is more difficult to push a magnet into a coil with more loops. 1
Reason (R): Emf induced in the current loop resists the motion of the magnet.

16. Assertion (A): The drift velocity of electrons in a metallic wire will decrease, if the 1
temperature of the wire is increased.
Reason (R) : On increasing temperature, conductance of metallic wire decreases.
Section - B
17. Three points A, B and C lie in a uniform electric field (E) of 5×103NC-1 as shown 2
in the figure. Find the potential difference between A and C.

18. At room temperature (27.0°C), the resistance of a heating element is 100 Ω. At 2

what temperature does the resistance of the element change to 117 Ω? Given
that the temperature coefficient of the material of the resistor is 1.70 × 10 -4 °C-1.

19. The number of turns in the primary coil of a transformer is 20 and the number of 2
turns in a secondary is 10. If the voltage across the primary is 220 ac V, what is the
voltage across the secondary?
20. State Gauss’s law in magnetism. How is it different from Gauss’s law in 2
electrostatics and why?

21. State Lenz's Law. 2

A metallic rod held horizontally along east-west direction, is allowed to fall under
gravity. Will there be an emf induced at its ends? Justify your answer.
OR
A current is induced in coil C1 due to the motion of current carrying coil C2.
(a) Write any two ways by which a large deflection can be obtained in the
galvanometer G.
(b) Suggest an alternative device to demonstrate the induced current in place of a
galvanometer.

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 Section - C
22. A. Depict the orientation of the electric dipole in (a) stable, (b) unstable equilibrium 3
in a uniform electric field.
B. Two identical conducting balls A and B have charges –Q and +3Q respectively.
They are brought in contact with each other and then separated by a distance d
apart. Find the nature of the Coulomb force between them.

23. A. Show that the potential energy of a dipole making angle θ with the direction of 3
the field is given by U = – ⃗
P.⃗
E . Hence find out the amount of work done in
rotating it from the position of unstable equilibrium to the stable equilibrium.
Plot a graph comparing the variation of potential ‘V’ and electric field ‘E’ due to a
B. point charge ‘Q’ as a function of distance ‘R’ from the point charge.

24. A circular coil of ‘N’ turns, and diameter‘d’ carries a current ‘I’. It is unwound and 3
rewound to make another coil of diameter ‘2d’, current ‘I’ remaining the same.
Calculate the ratio of the magnetic moments of the new coil and the original coil.

25. The susceptibility of a magnetic material is 0.9853. 3

Identify the type of magnetic material.
Give one example of such material.
Draw the modification of the field pattern on keeping a piece of this material in a
uniform magnetic field.

26. A small flat search coil of area 5 cm2 with 140 closely wound turns is placed 3
between the poles of a powerful magnet producing magnetic field 0.09 T and then
quickly removed out of the field region in 0.63s. Calculate
(a) change of magnetic flux through the coil, and
(b) emf induced in the coil.

27. Calculate the potential difference across the 4Ω resistor in the given electrical 3
circuit, using Kirchhoff ’s rules.

28. A. State the underlying principle of a transformer. 3

B. A 60 W load is connected to the secondary of a transformer whose primary draws

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 line voltage. If a current of 0.54 A flows in the load, what is the current in the
primary coil? Comment on the type of transformer being used.

OR

A. An electric lamp connected in series with a capacitor and an ac source is glowing

with certain brightness. How does the brightness of the lamp change on reducing
the frequency?

B. The power factor of an ac circuit is 0.5. What is the phase difference between
voltage and current in this circuit?

Section – D
Case Study Based Questions
29. Read the following paragraph and answer the questions that follow. 4
Parallel Plate Capacitor The simplest and the most widely used capacitor is the
parallel plate capacitor. It consists of two large plane parallel conducting plates,
separated by a small distance. In the outer regions above the upper plate and
below the lower plate, the electric fields due to the two charged plates cancel out.
The net field is zero. In the inner region between the two capacitor plates, the
electric fields due to the two charged plates add up. The net field is ε 0

For a uniform electric field, potential difference between the plates = Electric field
x distance between the plates. Capacitance of the parallel plate capacitor is the
charge required to be supplied to either of the conductors of the capacitor so as
to increase the potential difference between them by unit amount.

29.1 In a parallel plate capacitor, the capacity increases if:

(a) area of the plate is decreases
(b) distance between the plates increases
(c) area of the plate is increases (d) dielectric constant decreases.

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 29.2 A parallel plate capacitor has two square plates with equal and opposite charges.
The surface charge densities on the plates are + and - respectively. In the region
between the plates the magnitude of the electric field is:
(a)2ε0 (b) ε0 (c) 0 (d) none of these.

29.3 If a parallel plate air capacitor consists of two circular plates of diameter 8 cm. At
what distance should the plates be held so as to have the same capacitance as
that of a sphere of diameter 20 cm?
(a) 9 mm (b) 4 mm (c) 8 mm (d) 2 mm

29.4 If a charge of + 2.0 x 10-8C is placed on the positive plate and a charge of
-1.0 x 10-8 C on the negative plate of a parallel plate capacitor of capacitance
1.2 x 10-3 F, then the potential difference developed between the plates is:
(a) 6.25 V (b) 3.0 V (c) 12.5 V (d) 25 V

OR
Two identical metal plates, separated by a distance d form a parallel-plate
capacitor. A metal sheet of thickness d/2 is inserted between the plates. The ratio
of the capacitance after the insertion of the sheet to that before insertion is:
(a) √2 / 1 (b) 2:1 (c) 1:1 (d) 1:2

30. Read the following paragraph and answer the questions that follow. 4
When the frequency of ac supply is such that the inductive reactance and
capacitive reactance become equal, the impedance of the series LCR circuit is
equal to the ohmic resistance in the circuit. Such a series LCR circuit is known as
resonant series LCR circuit, and the frequency of the ac supply is known as
resonant frequency
Resonance phenomenon is exhibited by a circuit only if both Land C are present in
the circuit. We cannot have resonance in a RL or RC circuit

30.1 In a RLC circuit capacitance is changed from C to 2C. For the resonant frequency
to remain unchanged, the inductance should be changed from L to
(a) 4L
(b) 2L
(c) L/2
(d) L/4

30.2 In a LCR series a.c. circuit, the voltage across the component L,C and R is 50V. The
voltage across the LC combination will be
(a)50V (b) 50√ 2 V (c)100V (d)0V

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 30.3 Capacitor offer zero resistance to
(a) D.C. only
(b)A.C. and D.C.
(c)A.C only
(d) neither A.C. nor D.C.

30.4 The instantaneous current and voltage of an a.c. circuit are given by I = 10 sin 300t
A and V = 200 sin 300t V. The power dissipation in the circuit is
(a)1000W
(b)200W
(c)900W
(d)2000W
OR
An alternating voltage given by V = 140 sin 314t is connected across a pure
resistor of 50 Ω. The rms current through the resistor.
(a)0.78A
(b)3.2A
(c)1.98A
(d)4.6A

Section - E
31. A. Using Gauss theorem show mathematically that for any point outside the shell, 5
the field due to a uniformly charged spherical shell is same as the entire charge on
the shell, is concentrated at the centre.

A hollow cylindrical box of length 1 m and area of cross-section 25cm2 is placed in

B. a three-dimensional coordinate system as shown in the figure. The electric field in
the region is given by E=50x i^ , where E is in NC-1 and x is in metres. Find net flux
through the cylinder and charge enclosed in it.

OR

A Define electric flux. Write its SI unit.

B. Using Gauss’s law, prove that the electric field at a point due to a uniformly

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 charged infinite plane sheet is independent of the distance from it.
How is the field directed if:
(i) the sheet is positively charged (ii) negatively charged?

32. A. On the basis of electron drift, derive an expression for resistivity of a conductor in 5
terms of number density of free electrons and relaxation time. On what factors
does resistivity of a conductor depend?

A current of 1.0 ampere is flowing through a wire of length 0.1 metre and cross
B. section 1x10 - 6 m2 . (i) If the specific resistance of copper be 1.7 x 10-8 Ωm,
calculate the potential difference across the ends of the wire. (ii) Determine
current density in the wire. (iii) If there be one free electron per atom in copper,
then determine the drift velocity of electrons.

Given: density of copper = 8.9 x 103 kgm-3 , atomic weight= 63.5,

N = 6.02 x 1026 per kg-atom.?

OR

A. Draw a circuit diagram showing balancing of Wheatstone bridge. Use Kirchhoff’s

rules to obtain the balance condition in terms of the resistances of four arms of
Wheatstone Bridge.

B. A network of resistances is connected to a 16 V battery with internal resistance of

1 Ω, as shown in Fig.

(a) Compute equivalent resistance of the network

(b) Obtain the current in each resistor

(c) Obtain the voltage drops VAB, VBC and VCD

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33. A. Two long straight parallel conductors carry steady current I1 and I2 separated by a 5
distance d. If the currents are flowing in the same direction, show how the
magnetic field set up in one produces an attractive force on the other. Obtain the
expression for this force. Hence define one ampere.

A long straight wire AB carries a current I. A proton P travels with a speed v,

B. parallel to the wire at a distance d from it in a direction to the current as shown in
the figure. What is the force experienced by the proton and what is its direction?

OR

A. A straight thick long wire of uniform circular cross-section of radius ‘a’ is carrying
a steady current I. The current is uniformly distributed across the cross-section.
Use Ampere’s circuital law to obtain a relation showing the variation of the
magnetic field (Br) inside and outside the wire with distance r, (r ≤ a) and (r > a) of
the field point from the centre of its cross-section. What is the magnetic field at
the surface of this wire?

a
Calculate the ratio of magnetic field at a point above the surface of the wire to
B. 2
a
that at a point below its surface. What is the maximum value of the field of this
2
wire?

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