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EM-lab 05

This document outlines Experiment #5 on the parallel operation of two single-phase transformers at Sukkur IBA University. It includes objectives, background theory, required hardware, observation tables, and conclusions regarding the benefits and conditions for operating transformers in parallel. The experiment aims to analyze load sharing and power distribution between transformers when connected to a resistive load.

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Asim Murtaza
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29 views4 pages

EM-lab 05

This document outlines Experiment #5 on the parallel operation of two single-phase transformers at Sukkur IBA University. It includes objectives, background theory, required hardware, observation tables, and conclusions regarding the benefits and conditions for operating transformers in parallel. The experiment aims to analyze load sharing and power distribution between transformers when connected to a resistive load.

Uploaded by

Asim Murtaza
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Sukkur IBA University

Department of Electrical Engineering

Electrical Machines

Experiment # 05: PARALLEL OPERATION OF TWO SINGLE PHASE


TRANSFORMERS.
Instructor: Engr. Dr. Qasim Ali

Submission Profile

Name: ASIM MURTAZA Submission date: (


)

I.D NO: 033-20-0022 Receiving authority name and signature:

Comments:
________________________________________________________________________________

Instructor Signature

Marks
Performance Measuring
SN Criteria
Indictors Methods
.50 .25 .15 Score
SUBMISSION Observations Submitted a
Submitted on Was unable to submit
1 OF LAB little late after
time. after deadline.
REPORT due time.
RESULTS & Results are Some results are
2 CONCLUSION Observations correctly partially No results added.
analysed. missing.

Note: Submit this lab hand-out in the next lab with attached solved activities and exercises.
1. LAB LEARNING OBJECTIVE(S):
In this lab experiment student will be able to operate single phase transformers
with their parallel operation(s); including,

o To analyse prerequisites for operation of transformers in parallel.


o To operate the given two 300 VA (apparent power), 380/220 Volts single-phase
transformer(s) in parallel.
o To analyse the load as well as power sharing between them when supplying to a
resistive load.

2. BACKGROUND THEORY:

Parallel operation of two or more Transformers has many advantages when compared
with a single large Transformer. Though using single large Transformer instead of two or
more Transformers connected in parallel are cheap but still due to the following advantages,
parallel operation of Transformers are preferred where required including,

o With two or Transformers, the Power System becomes more reliable.


o In case of the increase in load, small generators can be used to fulfil the need.
o Depending upon the load, Transformers can be switched ON / OFF. In this way,
Transformer losses are reduced and the system becomes more efficient and
economical,

Conditions for Parallel Operation of Two or More Transformers:

There are various conditions which must be satisfied for the parallel operation
of two or more Single Phase Transformers; such like that,

 The Transformers must have the same voltage ratio, If not same, there will be huge
amount of current delivered by transformer(s) without load.
 In other words, we can say that all the Transformers should have their per unit leakage
impedance based on their own kVA rating equal, If not same then proper load sharing
and voltage drop across each transformer will not be same.
 The ratio of equivalent leakage reactance to equivalent resistance If not equal, then
both transformer(s) will not operate at same power factor, due to which there active
and reactive power sharing will be different.
 The Transformers must be connected properly in view of their polarities, If not same
then huge circulating of current will be there.

3. LAB HARDWARE AND SOFTWARE REQUIRED:


Following are the required component(s) to perform the parallel operation(s) of two or
more transformer(s);

o DL 30016 Three-Phase Regulated Power Supply.


o DL 10065STN Electrical Power Digital Measuring Unit.
o DL 30103 Single Phase Transformer.

2
o DL 1017R Resistive Loads.

4. OBSERVATION TABLE(S) AND RESULT(S):


First only one transformer is connected to the system to observe the electrical parameters and
after that two transformers are connected and values are compared to understand the reason
for parallel operation of Transformers.

For One Transformer

Primary Voltages Secondary Load In Ohms I P (Watt)


(Volts) Voltages (Volts) (Ampere)

220 110 R (1) 0.147A 20W

220 110 R (2) 0.162A 24W

220 110 R (3) 0.201A 36W

220 110 R (4) 0.251A 49W

Table 01. Recorded reading(s) when only one Transformer is connected and supplying the voltage(s).

For Two Transformer(s)

V (1) I (1) P (1) Load In V (2) I (2) P (2)


(Volts) (Amperes) (Watts) Ohms (Volts) (Amperes) (Watts)

110 0.2A 37W R (3) 110 0.2A 37W

110 0.25A 49W R (4) 110 0.25A 49W

110 0.326A 67W R (5) 110 0.326A 67W

110 0.424A 91W R (6) 110 0.424A 91W

Table 02. Recorded reading(s) when two transformer(s) are connected and supplying the voltage(s).

3
5. CONCLUSION:
When we connect two transformers in parallel with source, the total power will
increase. Because the loads in each of the transformer are directly proportional
to the current. Thus, when the load is increased, the power will also increase.

Fig-01. Wiring Diagram of the Experiment

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