Dotnepal.

com Basic Computer Course

How to Train
Yourself

COMPUTER SKILL AND

LANGUAGE EDUCATION

BASIC COMPUTER COURSE FOR

BEGINNERS

 Fundamentals of Computer
• Windows XP
• MS. Word, MS. Excel, MS.
PowerPoint
• Network and Internet
Fundamentals of Computer

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CPU

CD/DVD Drive

Floppy Drive

Power

Restart (Reset)

USB Drive
Mouse

sDKo'6/ Ps Onf]S6«f]lgs d]l;g xf] . h;åf/f 8f6f jf ;"rgfnfO{ ;+sng

7fpFaf6
ug]{, e08f/ csf]{
ug]{,7fpFdf
Ps k7fpg] tyf k|fKt ug]{,
ng ug]
;dfwfg ug]
6k'6 lgsfNg]
ljZn]if0f cflbklxrf
ug]{, ;d:of sfo{ ub{5, h'g 8f6f jf ;"rgfx¿ dfgjn]
{ tyf
ul/G5
{, cfp a'‰g] efiffdf k|of]u
.

Monitor

Keyboard

Introduction (kl/ro_

Features of Computer -sDKo'6/sf ljz]iftfx¿_

1. Accuracy and Speed Operation -;xL tyf l56f] sfo{ ug]{_ 
sDKo'6/af6 ((=((Ü ;xL output ldN5 .
• a}+sx¿df o;sf] k|of]u a9L dfqfdf ePsf] kfOG5 .
• sDKo'6/n] ! ;]s]G8df #–$ s/f8 simple arithmetic calculation
ug{ ;S5 .
2. Ability to Calculate and Compare -lx;fa ug{ tyf t'ngf ug{_
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• sDKo'6/n] hf]8, 36fp, u'0fg, efu, ;xL÷unt, 7"nf÷;fgf],

a/fa/ eP÷gePsf] t'ngf ug]{ sfo{ ub{5 .
3. Easy to Use -k|of]u ug{ ;lhnf]_  7"nf] kl/>d gu/L
sfo{ ug{ ;lsG5 .
4. Hight Storage Capacity -w]/} e08f/ ug]{ Ifdtf_
• Pp6f 7"nf] sf]7fdf c6\g ;Sg] kmfOx¿sf] 8f6f
jf ;"rgfnfO{ Pp6f ;fgf] disk df e08f/ u/]/ ;'/lIft
/fVg ;lsG5 . ;fy} cfjZos 7fpFdf lnP/ hfg ;lsG5 .
5. Versatile of Computer -ljleGg k|s[lt_ – sDKo'6/nfO{ w]/} sfddf
k|of]u ug{ ;lsG5 .
• 8]:s6k -sDKo'6/ 6fOk tyf lk|G6_
• Logo Designing
• Data Tabulation
• Graphics Designing
• 3/ tyf e"uf]nsf] gS;f lrq0f
• 8fS6/, n]vfkfn, kfOn6, lzIfs, d]g]h/ clbdf kf]zfcg';/sf] sfd
6. Difficult Job Handling -sl7g sfo{ ug{ ;Sg]_
• Video X-ray
• kfOn6x¿sf] k|of]u ug]{ height and distance
• 38L agfpg
7. Powerful Tool -zlQmzfnL ;fwg_
• 6f9fsf] ;"rgf k|fKt ug]{ / k7fpg]
• E-mail, Internet rnfpg]
• If]Kof:q xfGg]
History of Computer -sDKo'6/sf] Oltxf;_
• sDKo'6/ Nofl6g efiffsf] computare zAbaf6 cfPsf] xf] .
• sDKo'6/sf] cy{ compute or calculate cyf{t\ lx;fa ug]{ eGg]
a'l´G5 .
• $,))) jif{ klxnf] Chinese x¿n] ABACUS sf] k|of]u ug{ yfn] .
• kfFrf} ztfAbLdf lxGb"a|fDxL ;d"xn] ! b]lv ( ;Ddsf
cÍx¿ kQf nufP .
• O/fsL ul0ft1 cNVjfl/HdLn] ) -z"Go_ sf] cfljisf/ u/] .
• ;g\ !^!$ df Jehn Napier n] hf]8, 36fp, u'0fg, efusf] concept
NofP .
• ;g\ !*@@ df a]nfotsf rfN;{ Jofj]h (Charles Babbage) n]
Binary System cfwfl/t Different Machine tof/ kf/] . clxn];Dd
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klg computer oxL system df cfwfl/t x'g] ePsf]n] Charles

Babbage nfO{ Father of Computer Science elgG5 .
• Lady Ada Lovelance n] Babbage Machine sf] cfljisf/ u/], h;df
program klg tof/ ul/Psf] lyof] . To;}n] pgnfo{ ljZjsf] k|yd
computer programmer elgG5 .
• ;g\ !**) df Heiman Hollerith n] Magnet Core Memory -k~rsf8{_
sf] cfljisf/ u/], h;df sf]l8ª !@ nfO{ / *) sf]nd k|of]u u/L
8f6f e08f/ ug{ ;lsG5 .
• ;g\ !*@$ df ;+o'Qm /fHo cd]l/sfdf IBM (International
Business Machine) company sf] :yfkgf .
• ;g\ !(## df c? sDkgLx¿ IBM sDkgLdf ufleof] .
• ;g\ !*## df Dr. Haward Aiken n] 'Mark I' Compute sf] cfljisf/
u/] .
• Eckert and Mauchely n] ENIAC Computer cfljisf/ u/] -
nDafO{ !)) lkm6, prfO{ !) lkm6, rf}8fO !) lkm6_ Internal
Memory gePsf] .  !($# df Z-3 model sf] Mark II comptuer
cfljisf/ .
• !($^ df klxnf] program e08f/ ug{ ;Sg] sDKo'6/ cfljisf/ .
• !($( df transistor sf] k|of]u u/L sDKo'6/ cfljisf/ .
• !(^$ df transistor nfO{ ldnfO{ IC Chips sf] cfljisf/ .
• !(&! df Intel Corporation, USA sf] :yfkgf / Micro Chips df
cfwfl/t sDKo'6/sf] ljsf; .
• IBM Company n] gofF computer formula lgsfNg] / Microsoft
Corporation n] computer software ljsf; u/] .
Computer Generatin -sDKo'6/ k':tf_
ljleGg j}1flgsx¿sf] ef]nf klg ljleGg cjlwdf pTkfbg ePsf
sDKo'6/nfO{ ;do / Chips sf] cfwf/df kfFr k':tfdf juL{s/0f ul/of]M
1. First Generation -klxnf] k':tf_
;g\ !($#–!(%* ;Dd ag]sf sDKo'6/
• ENLAC (Electyronic Numerical Integrator and Calculator)  EDAV
(Electronic Discrete Variable Automatic Computer)  o; k':tfsf
sDKo'6/ vacuum tube af6 agfOPsf lyP .
• Internet Memory df magnetic drum sf] k|of]u ul/GYof] .
• o;sf] nDafO{ !)) lkm6, rf}8fO !) lkm6, prfO{ !) lkm6
2. Second Generation -bf];|f] k':tf_

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;g\ !(%(–!(^$ ;Dd ag]sf]

sDKo'6/  Transistor
af6 ag]sf] .
• lj=;+= @)@* df g]kfgdf hgu0fgsf] nflu NofPsf] .
• klxnf] k':tfsf] sDKo'6/sf] t'ngfdf ;fgf] / a9L e08f/
ug{ ;Sg] Ifdtf ePsf] .
• IBM 1620, IBM 7094, NCR 300, UNIVAC-II, SS 80, SS 90 cflb .
3. Third Generation -t];|f] k':tf_
;g\ !(^%–!(&! ;Dd ag]sf sDKo'6/
• IC Chips (Integrated Circuit) sf] k|of]u .
• bf]>f] k':tfsf] t'ngfdf ;fgf] .
• o; k':tfb]lv data store sf] nflu Hard Disk, Floppy Disk, Tape sf]
k|of]u .
• IBM 360, ICL 1901 cflb .
4. Fourth Generation -rf}yf] k':tf_
;g\ !(&@ b]lv xfn;Dd -;g\ !((@_
• Micro Chips af6 tof/ ul/Psf] .
• t]>f] k':tsf] t'ngfdf ;fgf] .
• /fd|f–/fd|f program sf] ljsf; .
• ALR, ACER, COMAQ, IBM PC, Macintosh, LASER cflb
sDkgLsf] sDKo'6/ .
5. Fifth Generation -kfFrf} k':tf_ ;g\ !((@ b]lv eljio;Dd aGg]
sDKo'6/  Bio-Chips af6 tof/ ul/g] .
• Voice nfO{ Input sf] ?kdf lnOg] .
BINARY SYSTEM
• :jLr cg -1_ jf ckm -0_ cyf{t\ swith on or off sf] k|of]u k|0ffnL
Binary System elgG5 h'g sDKo'6/df k|of]u ul/Psf] x'G5 .
• Decimal System df 1,2,3,4......9 sf] k|of]u ul/Psf] x'G5, t/
Binary System df 0 / 1 dfq k|of]u x'G5 .
• Decimal System df 1+1=2 x'G5 .
• Binary System df 0001+0001 = 0010 x'G5 .
Measurement of Binary System
1 or 0 = Bit
4 bits = 1 Nibble
8 bits = 1 Byte
1024 bytes = 1 KB (Kilo Bytes)
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1024 KB = 1 MB (Mega Bytes)

1024 MB = 1 GB (Giga Bytes)
1024 GB = 1 TB (Tera Bytes)
Classfication of Computer -sDKo'6/sf]
juL{s/0f_ 1. On the basis of size
a. Super Computer
• ;a} eGbf 7"nf] (L=100ft., H =8ft. B = 8ft.)  Vacuum Tube
af6 ag]sf] .
• Speed ;a}eGbf a9L .
• ENIAC, EDVAC, IMB 650,
IBM 701
b. Mainframe Computer
• Super Computer sf]
t'ngfdf ;fgf] .
• Transistor af6 ag]sf] .
• IBM 1401, IBM 1620, IBM
7094, NCR 300, Philco 2000,
SS =0,
SS90
c. Mini Computer
• Mainframe sf] t'ngfdf ;fgf] .
• IC Chips af6 ag]sf] .
• IBM Punch, 650, 702, 704, 705
d. Micro Computer
• Mini eGbf ;fgf] .
• Lapto, Computer
• Micro Chips af6 ag]sf] .
• e08f/ ug]{ Ifdtf a9L
2. On the basis of operation -sfo{sf] cfwf/df_
a. Analg Computer
• ;f+s]lts ¿kdf rNg] .
• Eg. Video X-ray
b. Digital Computer
• Binary digit {on(1) and off (0) sf] system df ;~rfng x'g] .}
• Eg. xfn use ul/g] computer / calculator
c. Hybrid computer
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• Analog / Digital b'j}sf] sfd ug]{ .  Eg. xjfOhxfhdf k|of]u

ul/g] . 3. On the basis of company
a. IBMPC
• IBM Company, USA n] tof/ kf/]sf] .
• c?eGbf dxFuf] / original
b. IBM Compatible
• IBM sf] formula k|of]u u/L c? sDkgLn] agfPsf] .
c. Apple Macintosh
• Apple Company, USA n] ckm;]6 k|];sf] nflu agfPsf] .
4. On the basis of model
a. XT (Extended Technology Computer)
• ;a}eGbf klxn] cfPsf] .
• sd memory capacity ePsf] .
• Eg. 8080, 8086, 8088 computer model.
b. At (Advanced Technology Computer)
 XP kl5sf] .
 80286 XX, 80286 SX, 80386 DX, 80486 DX, 80586(Pentium I or P
I), 80586 PII, 80586 PII
I.
c. PS-2 or Personal System2
 Ifdtf a9L / dxFuf]
.
Computer System

CPU
Input 1. Control Unit Output
Keyboard, Mouse 2. ALU Monitor, Printer
3. Primary Memory Unit

Secondary Memory
Hard Disk, Floppy Disk, CD.
etc.

1) Input Devices
a. Data jf ;"rgfnfO{ Computer df k7fpg] .
b. Eg. Keyboard, Mouse, Scanner, Touch Screen, Digital Camera
2) CUP (Central Processing Unit)

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Computer sf] d'6', h;df tLg j6f unit x'G5g\ . a.

Control Uuit
– ;Dk"0f{ hardware tyf Software nfO{ cfb]z lbg] /
lgoGq0f ug]{ . b. Arithmetic and Lotic Unit
- c+s ul0ftLo lx;fa ug]{ .
- Logic unit n] ;xL–unt, 7"nf]–;fgf] 5'6\ofpg] . c. Primary Memory
Unit
- Ram and Rom u/L b'O{ k|sf/sf] x'G5 .
RAM: Random Access Memory: 16MB, 32MB, 64MB, 128MB,
256MB, 512MB, 1GB, 2GB
ROM: Read Only Memory
3) Secondary Unit
A. Hard disk
- Magnetic Metal Plates, Coated disk or fixed disk klg elgG5 .
- Folly disk and CD Drive sf] t'ngfdf dxFuf] .
- 20MB, 40MB, 60MB, 100MB, 360MB, 540MB, 840MB, 1.2GB, 2.1GB,
3.4GB, 8GB, 10GB, 15GB, 20GB, 30GB, 40GB, 80GB,
120 GB, 360GB
b. Floppy disk:
Magnetic Oxide coated disk
- Mini disk (5.25 Inches)
a) 2 DD (Double Density) (360
KB Capacity) b) 2 HD (High Density)
(1.2MB Capacity)
- Micro Disk (3.5 inches)
a) 2DD (720KB Capacity)
b) 2HD (1.44 MB Capacity)
c. CD or Compact Disk
- Floppy sf] t'ngfdf a9L store ug{ ;lsg] .
- 700MB sf] a9L k|of]u
a) Read Only CD Drive
b) Read and Write CD Drive
4. Output Devices
a. Soft Copy Output (Monitor)
b. Hard Copy Output (Printer)

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Monitor
Type of Monitor Disply
1. Monochrome
2. CGA (Color Graphics Adaptor)
3. EGA (Enhanced Graphics Adaptor)
4. VGA (Video Graphics Array)
5. SVGA (Supper Video Graphics Array)
6. MGA (Multi Video Adaptor)
Switch of Monitor
1. Power Switch
2. Brightness and Contrast Switch
3. Horizontal and Vertical Section
4. Lef-Right and Up Down Screen
Printer
Types of Printer 1.
Dot-matrix Printer
a. Ribbon Cartage
b. 9 pin, 18 pin -hlt a9L pin x'G5 Tolt g} /fd|f] / dxFuf]
x'G5_ .
c. Eg. EPSONLX 300 (9pins), Nec pin write 1200 (18 pins),
EPSONLQ 2070 (24 pins) cflb .
2. Leaser Printer
a. Toner
b. Mostly used in press
c. Eg. HP Laser Jet 4 plus, EPSOn EPL 5200, Canon LPB 800 3.
Inkjet Printer
a. Use ink
b. Laser quality df color print
c. Buble Jet Printer klg elgG5 .
d. Eg. EPSOn sylus color 300, Canon Bubble Jet BJ 10e
4. Plotter Printer
a. Engineer n] gS;f agfpg] .
b. e"uf]nljb\n] b]z, dxfb]zsf] gS;f agfpg] .
c. dxFuf]
COMPUTER STUDY
1. Hardware
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2. Software dflg;sf xftv'§fh:tf c+ux? hardware x'g\ tL c+un]

ug]{ sfo{ software x'g\ .
HARDWARE
The Study of internal, external, structure, its design, maintenance or the
study of the physical components of comptuer
- Keyboard
- Printer
- CPU
- Mouse
- UPS
- Speaker
SOFTWARE
k|of]ustf{ / sDKo'6/sf] aLrdf x'g] ;~rf/ dfWo g} software xf] .
There are two types of comptuer software:
1. System software sDKo'6/ open u/]b]lv
cGTo;Dd ;~rfng ug]{ k|0ffnL . a. Operation
system (Dos, Windows, Linux)
of] software sDKo'6/ boot ut]{b]lv lnP/ ljleGg program
;~rfng ug]{, file management ug]{ cflb sfdsf] nflu k|of]u ul/G5
.
b. Utilities Software
Disk repair ug{, virus x6fpg o; software sf] k|of]u ul/G5 .
2. Application Software
of] ljz]if sfdsf] nflu k|of]u ul/g] software xf]
. a. Package software
k|of]u ug{sf] nflu tof/L cj:yfdf /x]sf] program nfO{ package
software elgG5 .
Readymade Program, h'g ev{/ l;s]sfxn] k|of]u
ub{5g\ . Word Processing
Package:  Type, Design
 Eg. MS-Word, Pagemaker
Spreadsheet Package
• Data t abulation
• Calculation
• Ascending And Descending
Order
• Filter
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• Eg. MS-Excel
Graphics Package
 Design ;DaGwL
b. Tailored Software k|of]ustf{sf] OR5f / cfjZostfcg';f/
programmer n] tof/ ug]{ program nfO{ tailore software elgG5 .
h:tf] k/LIff lgoGq0f sfof{no, s[lif dGqfno, g]kfn 6]lnsd
cflbn] cfˆgf] k|of]usf] lgldQ agfpg nufpg] program tailore
software x'g\ .

WINDOWS (XP df cfwfl/t) Computer

vf]NgM Power Button bjfpg] .
computer aGbug{ :Start- Turn of computer jf Shut doun

Windows Ps Operating System xf], h;n] computer vf]Ng'sf ;fy}

screen disply u5{ / computer nfO{ sfd ug{sf] nflu ready agfpF5.
screen df b]lvg] s'/fx?
Shortcut or icon:Icon eg]sf screen df b]lvg] tL object x'g\, h;n]
lglZrt (partcular) program jf file tyf folder nfO{ ;+s]t u5{ . Program
sf icon nfO{ double click u/]/ program vf]Ng ;lsG5 . ;fy} file sf]
icon nfO{ double click u/]/ file vf]Ng ;lsG5 eg] folder double click
u/]/ folder leqsf file x]g{ ;lsG5 .
Folder: ;fdfGo cy{df file sf] collection nfO{ folder eGg ;lsG5, h;
leq ljleGg lsl;dsf file x? x'G5g\ .
Desktop: Screen df b]lvPsf] area g} Desktop xf], h;df ljleGg icon /
taskbar x'G5 .
Taskbar: Screen sf] bottom df x'g] bar nfO{ taskbar elgG5, h;n]
vf]lnPsf file/program b]vfpF5 / o;af6 Psaf6 csf]{ program
x]g{ ;lsG5 .
Start Menu: Taskbar sf] dfly Left side df x'g] botton nfIO 'start menu'
elgG5 . o;df click u/]/ comuter df /flvPsf program x? x]g{ ;lsG5 /
cfkm"nfO{ rflxPsf] program vf]Ng ;lsG5 .
MY COMPUTER
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Computer df s] 5 eGg] s'/f my computer n] b]vfpF5 .

My Computer df double click u/]/ o;leqsf
s'/fx¿ x]g{ ;lsG5 .

WINDOWS EXPLORER
Winwows Explorer af6 computer df ePsf ljleGg file tyf folder
x¿sf ;fy} s'g} folder nfO{ select u/]/ Tof] leq /x]sf file/folder
x¿ b]Vg ;lsG5 . of] ljz]if u/L file/folder x¿ copy ug{ tyf ;fg{
(move ug{_ pkof]uL x'G5 .
• Start - Programs -
Windows Explorer
(Windows 98 df)
• My Computer df right
click-Explore
(Windows XP df)
• Left side df /x]sf] 'pane'
af6 cfkm" x]g{
rfx]sf] location
(Desktop, my computer
jf s'g} folder) df click
ug]{ . bfofFkl§
To;leqsf file/folder
x¿ b]Vg ;lsG5 .
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• Golder x¿sf] cufl8 '+' sign df click u/]/ To;leqsf c? content

x]g{ ;lsG5 .

Folder Level

Desktop

My Document

My computer

CD Drive

Floppy Drive

Hard Disk Drive

Recycle Bin

Folder agfpg
• Desktop df right click ug]{ . (hard disk drive leq folder agfpFbf
file – New–folder klg ug{ ;lSg5 .

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New-Folder
• Folder sf] gfd lbg] . -kl5 gfd lbg folder dfly right click -
rename) gofF agfOPsf] folder df file copy u/]/ Nofpg jf Ps
folder af6 csf]{ folder df ;fg{M
• Copy ug]{ kg]{ file ePsf] location df hfg] -h:t}M My
Document)
• Copy ug'{ kg]{ file df right click-copy jf cut (w]/} file select
ug'{kg]{ cj:yfdf keyboard df 'Ctrl' lyr]/ file select ub}
{ hfg] ._  agfOPsf] folder vf]Ng] jf gofF folder agfP/
vf]Ng] .
• Right click-Paste
Computer af6 file/folder delete ug{M 
Delete ug'{kg]{ file/folder nfO{ selete
ug]{ .
• File/Folder df right click u/]/ delete
• Computer n] confirmation question ;f]W5 'yes' df click ug]{ jf
keyboard df Enter lyRg] .
(Delete ul/Psf file x¿ desktop df /x]sf] 'recycle bin' df uP/ a;]sf]
x'G5, h;nfo{ kl5 rflxPsf] cj:yf recycle bin df uP/ k'gM 'restore'
ug{ ;lsG5 .)
Desktop background
Desktop sf] background change ug{M
• Desktop df right click - properties
• Desktop df click ug]{ . (Windows 98 df background) 
background sf] list af6 s'g} background select ug]{ .
• Appy ug]{ / ok ug]{ .

Computer df /flvPsf] c? photo nfO{

background sf] ?kdf /fVgM
• Desktop df right clickproperties
• Desktop df click ug]{ .
• Browse df click u/]/ photo sf]
folder af6 photo select ug]{ /
open ug]{ .
• Apply ug]{ / ok ug]{ .

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SCREEN SAVER:
lglZrt ;do;Dd computer nfO{ grnfOsg 5f]8\
bf computer sf] screen df b]lvg] rnfodfg j:t'
picture/text nfO{ screen saver elgG5 .
Screen Saver set ug{M
• Desktop df right click-properties
• Screen saver
Screen saver sf] list af6 s'g} screen saver select ug]{ .
• Setting af6 screen select ul/Psf] screen saver df cfjZos setting
change ug]{ .
• Wait box df slt ;do -ldg]6_ computer grnfpFbf screen saver
cfpg] eGg] ;do set ug]{ .
• Apply ug]{ / ok ug]{ .
(3D text af6 screen saver df text /fVg ;lsG5 . Setting df uP/ cfkm"n]
rfx]sf] text type ug{ tyf cfjZos setting change ug{ ;lsG5 ._
RUN
cfkm"nfO{ s'g} file, folder jf
program sf] location yfxf 5 eg] tL
v]Ng run command sf] use
ug{ ;lsG5 .
Start-Run
Open box df v]Ng'kg]{ file/folder
jf program sf] gfd type ug]{ jf
browse df uP/ v]Ng'kg]{ file
select ug]{ .

SEARCH
Computer df /x]sf file/folder
x¿ vf]HgM
• Start-search (windows XP df
find)
• All files of folder
• All or part of file name df
vf]Hg' kg]{ file sf] gfd type
ug]{ .

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• File sf] gd yfxf gePdf a word or phrase in the file df file leq
ePsf] s'g} word type ug]{ .
• s'g} lglZrt location df file vf]Hg look in df location lbg] .
• Search df click ug]{ .
• Search u/L kfOPsf file sf] list bfofFkl§ b]lvG5, h;df double
click u/]/ ;f] file vf]Ng ;lsG5 .
Computer df picture/music/video x? vf]Hg]M (Windows XP df)
• Start-Search
• Pictures, music, of videos
• Pictures or photoes jf music jf video sf] cufl8 box df click ug]{ .
• All or part of file name df file sf] gfd lbg] . -gfd yfxf 5 eg]_
mp3, mpeg, dat, jpg cflb extension sf file vf]Hg (windows xp df)
• Start - Search
• All files of folders
All or part of file name df ;DalGwt extension type ug]{ (jpg file
vf]Hg] *.jpg, mp3 file vf]Hg *.m3 type
ug]{)  Search df click ug]{ .

ACCESSORIES
Start-All Programs - Accessories
Word Pad
Start-All Programs-Accessories - World Pad
MS-Word sf] alternate sf] ?kdf word pad sf] use ug{ ;lsG5 h;df type
ug]{ text nfO{ color ug]{, save ug]{ nufotsf ;'ljwfx¿ 5g\ .
Note Pad
Start-All programs - Accessories - Note pad word pad sf] klg alternate
sf] ¿kdf note pad sf] use ug{ ;lsG5 h;df type ug]{, save ug]
{ cflb ;'ljwfx¿ (word pad eGbf sd_ /x]sf 5g\ .
Calcultor
Start-All programs-Accessories-Calculator
Standard jf Scientific b'O{ yl/ calculator sf] use o;af6 ug{ ;lsG5 .
Character Map
Start-All Programs -Accessories -System Tool - Character Map o;af6
ljleGg symbol tyf ljz]if lsl;dsf text/character sf] use ug{ ;lsG5 .

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Disk Defragmenter
Start-All Programs-Accessories-System Tool-Disk Defragmenter
Disk Defragmenter n] computer df 5l/P/ /x]sf (fragmented) file
x¿nfO{ Ps} 7fpFdf ldnfP/ /fV5 .
Volume af6defragment ug'{kg]{ drive Select ug]{ .
• File fragmentation sf] l:ylt x]g{ 5l/Psf file sf] cj:yf x]g{ analyze
ug]{
.
• File x¿ ldnfpg defragment df click ug]{ .
PAINT
Start-All Programs -Assessories -Paint

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Free from select-lglZrtselet ug Select -lglZrtarea selet ug

{_ {_

Eraser (colorjf drawing d]\g Fill with color (color fillu _

6_ g
Pick Color (drawingd use ePsf Magnifier(File nfO{ 7"nf]
color lng f ] agfP/ x]g{_
_
Pencil (drawug{ Brush (Color printug{
_ _

Airbrush (Color5s]{/ Text (Text typeug

/fVg_ {_
Curve (Curve Line drawu _
Line (line drawu _ g
g Polygon (ljleGg shape sf
Recatangle (Rectangle drawug polygon draw ug{ h;sf ;'/sf] /
{_ clGtdpoint hf]l8G
\._
Ellipse (Ellipse drawug
5g
Rounded Rectangle
{_

Color box: o;af6 color select ug{ ;lsG5 .

cfkm"nfO{ rflxPsf]

Print df ul/Psf] drawing nfO{ desktop background df /fVgM File-Set

as background klxn] file save ug'{k5{ ._
Tool Box tyf Color box NofpgM View-Tool Box/Color Box
Image: Flip/Rotate: Image nfO{ 3'dfpg tyf otfplt kmsf{pg .
Stretch/Skew: Image nfO{ tGsfpg tyf af+uf] agfpg .
Attributes: Image sf] size a9fpg 36fpg .
Color: Edit Color: Color x¿df change ug]{
. Hard Disk Drive x¿ Check ug{ My Computer
df double click ug]{ .
• s'g} Drive df right click – Properties
• 'Tools' tab df click ug]{ . 'Check now' df click ug]{ .
• s'g} check option df tick mark nugpg] .
• 'Start' df click ug]{ .
lgoldt check ug]{ u/]df computer sf hard disk drive x¿df cfPsf ;fgf
ltgf v/faLx¿ cfkm} 7Ls x'G5 .
Virus Scanning
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Computer df virus 5÷5}g yfxf kfpg, CD, Floppy Disk, Pen Drive af6
virus computer df k:g glbg tyf ePsf virus nfO{ x6fpg ul/g]
sfo{nfO{ virus scaning elgG5 .
Eg. AVG af6 Virus Scan ug{M s'g}
lglZrt drive jf file/folder dfq Scan ug{M
• s'g} drive scan ug{ my computer vf]n]/ scan ug'{ kg]{ drive
df right click-scan with AVG/test by AVG.
• s'g} file/folder ug{ pQm file jf folder df right click – Scam
with AVG.
cyjf
• AVG program vf]Ng] (Desktop sf] shortcut df double click ug]
{ jf start–program–AVG)
• Scan Selected area df click ug]{ .
• List af6 scan ug'{kg]{ location (s'g} drive) jf file/folder select
ug]{ .
• Scan selected area df click ug]{ .
k"/} Computer can ug{ M
• AVG program vf]Ng] (Desktop sf] shortcut sf] double click ug]
{ jf start–program–AVG)
• Scan Computer df click ug]{ .
CD/Pen Drive Scan ug{M
 CD/Pen Drive /fVg] .
• My Computer vf]Ng] .
• CM/Pen Drive df right click ug]{ .
• Scan with AVG ug]{ . Multimedia
Windows Media Player
Start–Program–Accessories–Entertainment–Windows Media Player
Music/Video ahfpg
• File – Open
• Music/Video ePsf] folder vf]nL music x¿ select ug]{ .
• Open df click ug]{ .

CD af6 Music ahfpg

Start–Program–Accessories–Entertainment–Windows Media Player
Music/Video ahfpg  File – Open
• CD Drive vf]n]/ ToxfF ePsf music x¿ select ug]{ .

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• Open df click ug]{ .

Video CD x]g{M
Start–Program–Accessories–Entertainment–Windows Media Player
Music/Video ahfpg
• File – Open
• CD Drive vf]Ng]
• ToxfF ePsf] MPEGAV folder vf]Ng] / ToxfF ePsf Video x¿
select ug]{ .
• Open df click ug]{ .
(l;w} my computer af6 CD Drive df double click u/]/ klg ToxfFsf
music/video ahfpg ;lsG5 ._
CD af6 music/Video computer df copy ug{ 
My computer af6 CD Drive vf]Ng] .
• Music sf] folder af6 music select ug]{ . 
Selected music df right click–compy  gofF
folder agfpg] .
• Folder vf]n]/ right click –
paste

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MICROSOFT WORD
Word Processing s] xf] < cIf/x¿ type u/L To;df cfjZos ;Dkfbg
ug'[sf ;fy} ljleGg design df cIf/x¿ n]vL document nfO{ save ug]{,
Design ug]{, print, ug]{ cflb sfdnfo{ word processing elgG5 .
World proccessing sf] nlfu Microsoft World ;a} eGbf k|rlnt program
xf] .
Start – All Programs – Mirosoft Word
All toolbar's name and works -;a} toolbar sf] gfd / To;sf] sfdx¿_
lgDg

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k|sf/ 5g
\

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Use in Text formating

Use in Drowing

Use in Picture/ Photo

FILE MENU
New: gof vfnL kmfON vf]Ng file-new-blank document
Open: klxn] save ul/Psf kmfOn vf]Ng file-open-list af6 cfkm"n]
rfx]sf] file rfg]/ open df click ug]{ .

Colse: vf]ln/fv]sf] file aGb ug{ .

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Save Document nfO{ gfd lbP/ save ug{ – File - Save - 'File name'
elgPsf] box df file sf] gfd lbg] / save df lick ug]{ .
Save as: Pp6f gfdsf] file nfO{ csf]{ gfddf klg save ug{ .
Search: File sf] gfd ljl;{Psf file leqsf] s'g} word lbP/ file vf]Hg .
Page setup: Page sf] dflh{g, ;fOh cflb abNg .
Print Preview: Print ubf{ s:tf] b]lvG5 eg]/ x]g{ .
Print: Document nfOprint ug{
{ M

• File sf ;a} page print ug{ All df click ug]{ .

• Pp6f dfq page print ug{ current page df click ug]{ .
• aLraLrsf Page print ug{ pages df click u/]/ print ug'{kg]{
page no.
/fVg] .
Exit: MS Word Program g} aGb ug{ .
EDIT MENU
Undo: File df s'g} sfd eO;s]kl5 k'gM klxn]s} cj:yfdf kmls{g .
Redo: Undo u/]/ kmls{;s]kl5 k'gM undo cufl8sf] l:yltdf kmls{g .
Cut / peste: s'g} text jf object nfO{ Ps 7fpFaf6 x6fP/
csf{ 7fpFdf /fVgM
• h'g text jf object nfO{ x6fpg' kg]{ xf], To;nfO{ select ug]{–
Edit-cut
• Cut ul/Psf] text/object nfO{ hxfF /fVg] xf], ToxfF click ug]{–
Edit-paste

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Copy / paste: s'g} text jf object nfO{ Ps eGbf a9L 7fpFdf /fVgM
• text jf object nfO{ select ug]{ – Edit-copy
• Copy ul/Psf] text/object nfO{ hxfF /fVg] xf], ToxfF click ug]{
–Edit-paste Clear: Content Del:- Select ul/Psf] cIf/nfO{ x6fpg .
Format:- cIf/sf] format (design) nfO{ normal cj:yfdf Nofpg .
Find: Document df s'g} word vf]Hg jf x]g{M
Find what n]lvPsf] box df vf]Hg'kg]{ word 6fOk ug]{ / 'find next'
df lick ub}{ hfg] . xfdLn] vf]h]sf] word highlight eP/ b]lvG5 .
• l;+uf] word dfq vf]Hg -h:t}M the vf]Hbf their sf] 'the' gvf]hL
l;Fuf] the dfq vf]Hg_ more df click ug]{ / 'Find whole words
only' df click ug]{ .
• vf]lhPsf ;a} word x]g{ 'higlight all items found in' df click ug]{
/ 'find all' df click ug]{ .
Replace: Find ul/Psf s'g} word nfO{ x6fP/ To;sf] 7fpFdf cs}{
word /fVg .
• Edit-Replace
• Find what ePsf] box df h'g word x6fpg] xf], Tof] type ug]{ .
• Replace with ePsf] box df h'g word /fVg] xf], Tof] type ug]{ .
• To;kl5 'replace' df click ubf{ Pp6f–Pp6f word replace x'G5
eGg]
'replace all' df click ubf{ document df ePsf] ;a} word replace x'G5 .
Go to: Document sf] aLrsf] page jf line df hfg .
aLrsf] page df hfgM
• Edit-Go to
• go to what ePsf] box df page df click ug]{ / enter page no.
n]lvPsf] box df hfg'kg]{ page no. n]v]/ go to df click ug]{ .
aLrsf] line df hfgM go to what ePsf] box df click ug]{ / enter line
no. df hlt line df hfg' 5, Tof] type u/]/ go to df click ug]{ .
(bookmark, comment, footnote, endnote df hfg, x]g'{xf];M insert
menu)
VIEW MENU
(Print ug]{ sfdsf] nflu sfd ubf{ ;w}F print layout df lick
x'g'k5{ ._
Toolbar: Document df s'g} sfd ug'{ kg]{ toolbar -h:t}M formatting
toolbar, standard toolbar cflb_ gePsf] gcfPsf] cj:yfdf o;leqaf6
toolbar Nofpg ;lsG5 .

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Ruler: File df ruler show/hide ug{ .

Document Map: Document df /x]sf title x¿nfO{ ljifo;"rLsf] ¿kdf
x]g{ / aLrsf] title (heading) df Ps} k6s k'Ug .
o;sf] nflu ;a}eGbf klxn] xfdf] file sf title x¿nfO{ heading apply
ug'{kg]{ x'G5 .
• h'g zAbnfO{ heading dfGg'kg]{ xf], To;nfO{ select ug]{ .
• Formatting toolbar sf] style box df click ug]{ / s'g} heading
(Heading 1 jf heading 2 jf heading 3) df click ug]{ .

Style

• ca view-document map ubf{ file sf] jfofF b]lvg] box df heading

apply ul/Psf word x¿ b]lvG5g\ .
• h'g heading df hfg' 5, To;df click ug]{ .

Header and foter: Document sf] k|To]s page sf] dflyNnf] efu (top) jf
tNnf] efu (bottom) df document ;Fu ;DalGwt s'/f (page no.,
document sf] gfd cflb_ /fVg
View – header and foter:
a. Insert Page No.: k|To]s page df page no. /fVg .
b. Insert No. of Pages: Document df /x]sf] total page ;+Vof /fVg .
c. Format Page No.: Page no. sf] format/style (1,2,3,... jf a,b,c...)
change ug{ .
d. Insert Date: Date /fVg .
e. Insert Time: Time /fVg .
f. Page Setup:
Layout: Header and Fotter:
g. Different Odd and Even: Odd -hf]/_ / Even ljhf]/_ page df
5'§f5§} header/footer /fVg .
h. Different First apage: klxnf] page df km/s header/footer /fVg .
i. Show/hide document text: File sf text x¿ hide/show ug{ .
j. Switch between header and fotter – header af6 footer df / footer
af6 heater df hfg .
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Insert Auto Text:

• Page: Page no. /fVg
• File name: File sf] location ;lxt file sf] gfd /fVg .
• Page X of Y: Total Page ;lxt page no. /fVg . (X=Page no., Y =
Total Page)
Full Screen: ;Dk"0f{ toolbar, menu, ruler x6fP/ document nfO{ k"/f
screen df display u/fpgsf] nflu .
(Full screen nfO{ x6fpg close full screen df click ug]{ ._
Zoom: Page nfO{ glhs jf 6f9f /fv]/ 7"nf] / ;fgf] cfsf/df
x]g{ .
View-Zom df click ul/;s]kl5 cfkm"nfO{ rflxPsf] Percent df click
ug]{ . Tolt g} percent df page b]lvG5 .
INSERT MENU
Break: Ps page sf] text nfO{ csf]{ page df nfg jf Ps Page gel/Fb}
csf]{ page df hfgM
• h'g text b]lv csf]{ column df nfg' 5, To;sf] cufl8 click ug]
{.
• Insert – Break
• column break df click ug]{ / ok df click ug]{ .
Page Number: Document sf page x¿df page no. /fVgM
• Insert-page no. df uPkl5 b]lvPsf] dialogue box df sxfF page no.
/fVg] xf], To;sf] position (page sf] tn jf dfly_ / alignment (page
sf] bfofF÷jfofF÷aLrdf_ 5fg]/ ok df click ug]{ .
{Page no. sf] format (1,2... or a, b...) change ug{ ToxL dialogue box leq
'format' df click u/]/ cfjZs no. format /f]Hg ;lsG5 .}
Date and time: Document df date jf time jf b'j} /fVgM
 Insert – Date and Time
• Box af6 cfkm"nfO{ rflxPsf] style 5fGg] / ok df click ug]{ .
Autotext: Type gu/Lsg cfjZos text x¿ document df NofpgM
• Insert-Autotext
• b]lvPsf title x¿af6 vf]h]/ cfkm"nfO{ rflxPsf] text df click
ug]{ .
;fwf/0ftof k|of]udf cfO/xg] zAbx¿nfO{ type ubf{ automatically
document cfpg] u/L autotext df gofF text /fVgM
• Insert – Autotext – Autotext

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• Enter Autotext entries here elgPsf] box df text type ug]{ / 'Add'
df click u/]/ 'ok' ug]{ . cyjf
• Autotext df /fVg'kg]{ word type ug]{ .
• Select ug]{ .
• Insert – Autotext – New – Ok ca pQm word type ug]{ a]nfdf
computer cfkm}Fn] b]vfpF5 / To;a]nfdf enter lyRbf pQm
word cfkm}F cfpF5 .
Symbol: Document df ljleGg symbol /fVg .
Comment: Document sf s'g} word sf] af/]df s'g} comment jf note
n]Vg  Comment n]Vg'kg]{ word df click ug]{ .
• Insert - Comment
• Comment box df cfjZos comment type ug]{ .
(Comment nfO{ x6fpg comment box df right click – 'delete comment')
Reference: Footnote: Document sf s'g} zAb, jfSof+znfO{ s'g} c+s
jf lrGxn] hgfP/ text d'lg, page sf] cGTodf jf document sf] cGTodf
To;sf] cy{ jf To;sf] af/]df hfgsf/L n]VgM
1. h'g word sf] footnote n]Vg' 5, To;sf] k5fl8 click ug]{ .
2. Insert – Reference – Footnote
3. Number /fVg 'Number format' af6 cfjZos no. style 5fGg] jf
symbol /fVg symbol df click u/]/ cfjZos symbol select ug]{ / ok
u/L 'insert' df click ug]{ .
ca h'g word sf] k5fl8 click ul/Psf] lyof], To;sf] k5fl8 5flgPsf] no.
jf symbol cfpF5 / page sf] tn klg ;f]xL no. jf symbol b]lvG5, hxfF
pQm word sf] af/]df detail df n]Vg ;lsg5 .
Footnote Dialogue box leqM

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/fV5 .

Footnote: Bottom of the page: o;n] footnote nfOpage sf]bottom df

{
Below text: o;n]footnote nfOtext ;Sg]ljlQs} To;sf] d'lg /fV5 .
Endnote: End of document:{ o;n] footnote nfO{ k"document l;l4Pkl5
To;sf] d'lg /fV5 . /f
Picture nfOselect ug]
Insert – {Reference{– Caption

Caption sf] d'lg picture sf] af/]df n]Vg] / ok ug]{ .

(Picture sf] nflu x]g'{xf];\M Format – Picture)
Reference: Index and Table: Document df ljleGg title x¿ /x]sf 5g\ / tL
title x¿nfO{ ljifo;"rLsf] ¿kdf /fVg / aLrsf] title (Heading) df Ps}
k6s k'UgM  h'g zAbnfO{ heading dfGg'kg]{ xf], To;nfO{
select ug]{ .
• Formatting toolbar sf] style box df click ug]{ / s'g} heading
(Heading1, heading 2 or heading 3) df click ub}
{ hfg] .

Style

• Document sf] ;'?df click ug]{ .

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• Insert-Reference – Index and Tables  Table of content df click

ug]{ .
• Formats af6 cfjZos style 5fg]/ ok ug]{ .
ca document df ljifo;"rL b]lvG5 . h'g title df hfg' 5, keyboard df
Ctrl. lyRg] / -xftsf] sign b]lvPkl5_ ToxL title df click ug]{ .
Picture: Clip Art: Microsoft Office (MS-Word, Excel, PowerPoint) df
klxNo} /flvPsf picture vf]HgM

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