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Statistics Study Guide

The document is an exam for Stat 145 from Fall 2009, consisting of various statistical problems worth a total of 50 points. It includes questions on probability, normal distribution, hypothesis testing, confidence intervals, and sampling distributions. Students are required to show or explain their answers for credit.

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4 views5 pages

Statistics Study Guide

The document is an exam for Stat 145 from Fall 2009, consisting of various statistical problems worth a total of 50 points. It includes questions on probability, normal distribution, hypothesis testing, confidence intervals, and sampling distributions. Students are required to show or explain their answers for credit.

Uploaded by

vft2pwk4j5
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Practice Ex.

3 - B
Exam 3 - (50 pts)
Stat 145 – Fall 2009

Name___________________________________________________________________
For credit show or explain all answers.

Selected z* values from Table C:


C 90% 95% 99%
z* 1.645 1.960 2.576

1. (3 points) Michelle has a bag of colored candy-coated chocolates. The probabilities of


each color are:

Brown Yellow Red Blue Orange Green


0.15 ??? 0.10 ??? 0.20 ???

The probability of drawing a brown or a green candy is 0.30, and the probability of not
drawing a yellow candy is 0.70. What is the probability of drawing a blue candy?

2. Adam and Becky saved their favorite pieces of Halloween candy for last. Adam has a
peanut butter cup, a chocolate bar, and a pack of gum in his sack. Becky has a peanut
butter cup and a chocolate bar in her sack. One candy is drawn from Adam’s sack and
another candy is drawn from Becky’s sack, and the candy sequence is recorded. Assume
the selection of each candy in each sack is equally likely.

(a) (3 pts) What is the sample space? In other words, write down all arrangements of
items, using P to denote a peanut butter cup, C to denote a chocolate bar, and G to denote
a pack of gum. For example, PC means the item drawn from Adam’s sack was a peanut
butter cup and the item drawn from Becky’s sack was a chocolate bar.

(b) (3 pts) What is the probability that the candies drawn from each sack are the same?
3. (3 pts) Two special tetrahedral (four-sided) dice are rolled. On each die, each side is
labeled with 1, 2, 3, or 4 dots. After each roll, the sum of the number of dots on the
down-faced sides is recorded. Let E be the event that the sum is even. Let F be the event
that the sum is 5 or more. Are E and F disjoint? Why or why not?

4. Studies of young surfers in Hawaii indicate that optimal levels of Vitamin D are
approximately 20-60 ng/ml (nanograms/milliliter of serum). The vitamin D levels of
surfers follow a Normal distribution with mean µ = 27 ng/ml and standard deviation  =
17 ng/ml.

(a) (3 pts) What is the probability that the vitamin D level of a randomly selected surfer is
greater than 60 ng/ml?

(b) (3 pts) What is the shape (a word), center (a number), and standard deviation (a
number) of the sampling distribution of samples of size n = 4?

(c) (3 pts) What is the probability that the mean vitamin D level of 4 randomly selected
surfers is greater than 60 ng/ml?
5. A manufacturer produces tin cans with wall thickness having a Normal distribution
with a standard deviation of  = .07 mm. Tin cans that are too thick or too thin are
undesirable. Optimal can thickness is 0.53 mm. A sample of 25 cans is randomly selected
and the sample mean is found to be 0.50 mm. Is this evidence that the mean can width
differs from the optimal width?

(a) (2 pts) State your hypotheses using mathematical notation (symbols).

(b) (2 pts) In words, state what the null hypothesis means.

(c) (2 pts) Calculate the value of the test statistic.

(d) (2 pts) Determine the p-value.

(e) (2 pts) State your conclusion in terms of the problem.

(f) (3 pts) Is the result above significant at the 1% level (α = 0.01)? Why or why not?
6. Suppose the distribution of the heights of 18-year old men in the United States is
approximately Normal with unknown mean µ and known standard deviation  = 2.8
inches. A simple random sample of size 36 from this population yields a sample mean of
69.4 inches.

(a) (3 pts) Give a 95% confidence interval for the mean height of 18-year old men in the
United States.

(b) (2 pts) Interpret this interval.

(c) (2 pt) Without doing any further calculations, explain what would happen to the width
of the interval above if the confidence level were changed to 90%.

(d) (2 pts) How many 18-year old men must we sample if we want to estimate the mean
height µ within a margin of error of ±0.4 inches with 95% confidence?

(e) (1 pt) What is the critical value (z*) for a confidence level of 97.5%?
7. The distribution of the heights of adults in the United States is bimodal (i.e., has two
peaks).

(a)(2pts) If a sample of 2000 adults were selected, would the sampling distribution of the
sample mean be approximately Normal? Why or why not?

(b)(2pts) If the sample size were increased, would the sampling variability increase,
decrease, or stay the same? Explain your answer.

8. (2 pts) The mean salary of employees at Cost-U-Less is $32,722. A random sample of


22 employees had a mean of $31,963. Which number is a parameter and which number is
a statistic? Explain your answer.

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