ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE

III SEMESTER B.TECH

Question Bank - UNIT 3 (Energy and natural resources)

1. What percentage of geographical area of a country should be under forest cover?

A) 23%
B) 43%
C) 13%
D) 33%

2. Major causes of deforestation are

A) Shifting cultivation
B) Fuel requirements
C) Raw materials for industries
D) All of these
3. Which of the following statements about forest is not correct?
A) Forests reduces soil erosion
B) Provides recreational opportunities
C) Provides a source of economic development
D) None of the above

4. ……….. are referred to as earth’s lungs.

A) Forests
B) Carbon cycles
C) Water sources
D) Minerals
5. Among the total water available on the earth, the percentage of fresh
water is about
A) 50 %
B) 10 %
C) 5 %
D) Less than 1 %

6. Mineral resources are

A) Renewable
B) Available in plenty
C) Non-renewable
D) Equally distributed
7. The oceans are the largest storage of water of earth containing
A) 95 % of earth’s water
B) 85 % of earth’s water
C) 97 % of earth’s water
D) 75 % of earth’s water.

8. Which are the following is not a part of the hydrological cycle?

A) Précipitation
B) Infiltration
C) Transpiration
D) Perspiration
9. The ground water depends on
A) Amount of rain fall
B) Geological formations
C) Run off
D) All of the above

10. Which of the following is not a renewable source of energy?

A) Fossil fuels
B) Solar energy
C) Tidal wave energy
D) Wind energy
11. Which of the following is a disadvantage of most of the renewable
energy sources
A) Highly polluting
B) High waste disposal cost
C) Unreliable supply
D) Low running cost

12. ‘OTEC’ is an energy technology that converts

A) Energy in large tides of ocean to generate electricity
B) Energy in ocean waves to generate electricity
C) Energy in ocean due to thermal gradient to generate electricity
D) Energy in the fast moving ocean currents to generate electricity
13. Which of the following source of energy is less ecofriendly?
A) Biogas
B) Wind
C) Solar
D) Nuclear

14. Solar energy is stored in

A) Carbon_carbon bonds
B) Green leaves
C) Fossil fuels
D) Biomass
15. Identify the non-renewable source of energy from the following
A) Coal
B) Fuel cells
C) Wind Power
D) Wave power

16. Wind Farms are located in

A) River basin
B) Plain area
C) Hilly area
D) Valley area
17. Wind energy generation depends on
A) Direction of wind
B) Velocity of wind
C) Humidity
D) Precipitation

18. With a minimum resource maximum energy can be created by

A) Solar radiation
B) Wind
C) Nuclear fuels
D) Tidal waves
19. Direct conversion of solar energy is attained by
A) Solar photo voltaic system/Solar Cells
B) Solar air heater
C) Solar thermal system
D) None of these

20. Which among the following is the source of power generation in

Hydropower plants?
A) Hot springs
B) Wind
C) Sun
D) Water
21. Nuclear power is being produced from
A) Carbon-14
B) Nuclear fission
C) Petroleum combustion
D) Natural gas

22. Nuclear fusion uses which among the following as a fuel

A) Carbon
B) Helium
C) Hydrogen
D) Water
23. Which is the source of energy that can be replaced at the same rate at
which it is used?
A) Coal
B) Petroleum
C) Oil
D) Biomass

24. Biomass consists of

A) Lignin
B) Hemi cellulose
C) Cellulose
D) All of the above
25. Which of the following is used mostly as a moderator in the nuclear
reactor?
A) Graphite
B) Helium gas
C) Heavy water
D) Light water

26. Nuclear wastes is active for

A) 5 years
B) 10 years
C) 50 years
D) Centuries
27. Nuclear power plant in Karnataka is located at
A) Bhadravathi
B) Sandur
C) Raichur
D) Kaiga
28. Fossil fuels are converted into energy by
A) Combustion
B) Cooling
C) Sublimation
D) Melting
29. Which among the following predominant component exist in Natural
gas?
A) Carbon dioxide
B) Hydrogen
C) Methane
D) Nitrogen
30. Which among the following place in India, the tidal energy has been
experimented first?
A) Goa
B) Karnataka
C) Kerala
D) Tamil Nadu
31. Highest producer of Oil and petroleum is
A) Middle East countries
B) America
C) China
D) India

32. Generally Cow Dung can be used for which among the following
purpose?
A) As Manure
B) For production of Bio gas
C) As fuel
D) All of these
33. Biogas is gaseous fuel composed mainly of
A) Methane and Carbon dioxide
B) Methane and hydrogen sulphide
C) Methane and carbon monoxide
D) None of the above

34. Molasses from sugar industry is used to generate

A) Biodiesel
B) Hydrogen
C) Bioethanol
D) Biomethanol
35. Which of the following is conventional source of energy?
A) Wind Energy
B) Thermal Energy
C) Wave Energy
D) All

36. One Joule of energy is equivalent to ________ in terms of Calorie.

A) 0.2389
B) 23.89
C) 238.9
D) 2.389
37. The World’s annual energy consumption rate is increasing at a rate of
A) 5 to 10 %
B) 10 to 20 %
C) 2 to 5 %
D) None of these

38. Radiated energy can be transferred in

A) Medium of air
B) Free space
C) Solid medium
D) Both medium of air and free space
39. EMR propagates energy with a velocity of
A) 3 x 106 m/sec
B) 3 x 108 m/sec
C) 0.3 x 108 m/sec
D) 30 x 104 m/sec

40. A long term atmospheric impact of burning fossil fuel is

A) Oxygen consumption
B) Global warming
C) Reduction in photosynthesis
D) All of these
41. Which solar thermal system can be used to achieve temperature of
1000 degree Celsius?
A) Flat plate collector
B) Parabolic dish collector
C) Parabolic trough collector
D) None
42. Physical & Chemical characteristics of Coal depends on
A) Temperature of formation
B) Pressure of formation
C) Both temperature and pressure
D) None of these
43. Heating of Coal in absence of air to produce coal gas is called
A) Carbonization of Coal
B) Coal gasification
C) Coal liquification
D) None of these

44. One gram of U235 can give electrical energy equivalent to

A) 100 MW
B) 10000 KW
C) 1 MW
D) 1000 MW
45. Most popular bio gas plants in rural India is having the capacity of
A) 0.5 m3/day
B) 3 m3/day
C) 10 m3/day
D) 650 m3/day

46. Out of the following nutrients in fertilizer, which one causes minimum
water pollution?
A) Nitrogen
B) Phosphorous
C) Potassium
D) Organic matter
47. What is the permissible range of pH for drinking water as per the Indian
standards?
A) 6.0 to 9.0
B) 6.5 to 7.5
C) 6.0 to 8.5
D) 6.5 to 8.5

48. Energy actually used by the herbivores is only _____ of the gross
productivity of producers.
A) 10%
B) 25 %
C) 5 %
D) 15 %
49. Excess fluorides in drinking water is likely to cause
A) Blue baby syndrome
B) Fluorosis
C) Taste and odour
D) Intestinal irritation

50. The required iron content in drinking water specified by USPH is

A) 300 mg/L
B) 30 mg/L
C) 3 mg/L
D) 0.3 mg/L
51. The term sustainable energy is applicable to which among the
following sources;
A) Fossil fuels
B) Nuclear fuels
C) Geothermal energy
D) None of these.

52. What is the wavelength of ultraviolet radiation?

A) 200 to 400 nm
B) 400 to 700nm
C) 700 to 3000nm
D) 0.5 TO 200 nm
53. Kaiga nuclear power plant is located at
A) Kerala
B) Tamilnadu
C) Maharashtra
D) Karnataka

54. Mini and micro hydroelectric plants is of the capacity

A) 10MW to 100 MW
B) 100MW to 1000 MW
C) 1MW to 10 MW
D) 1KW to 100 KW
55. An electrochemical energy conversion device that converts hydrogen and
oxygen into water, producing electricity and heat in the process is known as
A) Battery
B) Fuel cell
C) Semiconductor
D) OTEC

56. What is the permissible range of pH for drinking water as per the USPH
standards?
A) 6.0 to 9.0
B) 6.5 to 7.5
C) 6.0 to 8.5
D) 6.5 to 8.5
57. The permissible iron content in drinking water specified by BIS standard
is
A) 300 mg/L
B) 30 mg/L
C) 1.0 mg/L
D) 0.3 mg/L

58. The technique involved in the removal of underwater mineral deposits

is known as
A) Area strip mining
B) Counter strip mining
C) Dredging
D) Shredding.
59.The minerals which are removed from parent rocks and deposited at the
bases of hills and valley bottoms are known as
A) Placer deposits
B) Sedimentary deposits
C) Mineral deposits
D) None of these

60. Turbidity in water in measured in terms of the unit;

A) NTU
B) BTU
C) STU
D) None
61. The maximum permissible levels of TDS in domestic water according to
USPH standard is
A) 300 PPM
B) 500 PPM
C) 700 PPM
D) 1000 PPM

62. The intensity of color is measured in _________ units.

A) Co-Pt unit
B) Co-Pd unit
C) Co-Ni unit
D) Co-Mn unit
63. The permissible level of colour in drinking water is,
A) 5 ppm
B) 20 ppm
C) 50 ppm
D) 100 ppm

64. Which solar thermal system can be used to achieve temperature of

300 degree Celsius?
A) Flat plate collector
B) Parabolic dish collector
C) Parabolic trough collector
D) None of these