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Tutorial 2 Ecm643

The document is a tutorial covering various aspects of cellular systems, including basic components, channel capacity calculations, types of interference, handoff processes, and techniques for improving coverage and capacity. It includes mathematical problems related to bandwidth allocation, channel reuse, and signal-to-interference ratios. Additionally, it discusses concepts like guard channels and the differences between omni-directional and sectorized cells.

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Ikah Rosli
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13 views2 pages

Tutorial 2 Ecm643

The document is a tutorial covering various aspects of cellular systems, including basic components, channel capacity calculations, types of interference, handoff processes, and techniques for improving coverage and capacity. It includes mathematical problems related to bandwidth allocation, channel reuse, and signal-to-interference ratios. Additionally, it discusses concepts like guard channels and the differences between omni-directional and sectorized cells.

Uploaded by

Ikah Rosli
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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TUTORIAL 2

1. State and explain briefly the basic component of cellular system.

2. If a cellular telephone area comprised of 15 clusters with seven cells in each cluster
and 15 channels in each cell, determine the:

i) number of channel per cluster and


ii) total channel capacity.

3. Interference is the major limiting factor in the performance of cellular radio systems.
Define and briefly describe the two types of system-generated cellular interference
which are Co-Channel Interference (CCI) and Adjacent Channel Interference (ACI).

4. If a total of 200 MHz bandwidth is allocated for duplex wireless cellular system and
each simplex channel has 25 kHz radio frequency (RF) bandwidth, determine the:

i) number of duplex channels and


ii) total number of channels per cell site for the cases of N is 4 and N is 12 cluster
sizes.

5. A mobile station moves from one cell into another cell while conversation still in
progress. In order to maintain the call, a process called handoff must be done. Briefly
describe what handoff process is and illustrate a handoff scenario at cell boundary
for proper handoff situation. What is the difference between soft handoff and hard
handoff?

6. In order to improve coverage and capacity in a cellular system, a few techniques


maybe implemented. Briefly describe the following techniques by using appropriate
diagram.

i) Cell splitting.
ii) Sectoring.

7. State 2 (two) techniques used in practical handoff and briefly explain one of the
techniques.

8. Given a total bandwidth of 10MHz where each channel occupies 200kHz band.
Compute the number of channels available per cell if the system use the following
cell reuse :

i) 4-cell reuse
ii) 7-cell reuse, and
iii) 12-cell reuse.

9. Sketch a cluster of hexagonal cells, which has a cluster size of N=4. Assuming a
range of frequencies fi, i=1,2,…. Show what frequency is to be used in each cluster
cell and in each cell of 2 neighbor clusters (with same cluster size).

If the cell range, R is 1000m, calculate the value of the reuse distance and the value
of the Signal to Interference ratio (SIR) in decibels. Assume an environment with the
path loss factor, n of 4 and assume that the six closest cell are close enough to
create significant interference.

10. Consider a Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA) cellular system with 120
cells, a frequency reused factor of N = 12, and 900 overall two-way channels. By
using Omni-directional antennas, determine the:

i) co-channel reused ratio,


ii) number of channels per cell,
iii) total number of channel available to the service provider and
iv) signal-to-interference ratio (SIR) of the system.

11. A cellular service provider decides to use a Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA)
scheme which can tolerate a Signal-to-Interference Ratio (SIR) of 18 dB in the worse
case. Find the optimal value of N for : -

i) omni-directional antennas
ii) 120o sectoring and
iii) 60o sectoring.

Assume a path loss exponent of n = 4 and let i0 be the number of co-channel


interfering cells.

12. Radio coverage by a radio base station (RBS) can be represented by omni-
directional cell and sectorized (uni-directional) cell. Briefly describe both types of cell.

13. One method for giving priority to handoffs is called the guard channel concept.
Define the guard channel concept and briefly explain the advantage and
disadvantage of the concept.

14. A total of 42 MHz of bandwidth is allocated to a particular Frequency Division


Duplex (FDD) cellular telephone system that uses two 30 kHz simplex channels to
provide full duplex voice and control channels. Determine the number of channels in
each cell for a four-cell reuse system.

15. If a Signal to Interference Ratio (SIR) of 18 dB is required for satisfactory forward


channel performance of a cellular system, determine the frequency reuse factor and
cluster size that should be used for maximum capacity if the path loss exponent is
2.9. Assume that there are six co-channel cells in the first tier and all of them are at
the same distance from the mobile.

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