MAY 17 FINAL TEST 32 Q CSAT..

1. The average weight of 45 students in a class is 52 kg. 5 of them whose average weight
is 48 kg leave the class and other 5 students whose average weight is 54 kg join the class.
What is the new average weight (in kg) of the class?
𝟏
(a) 51 𝟑
𝟐
(b) 52 𝟑
𝟏
(c) 52 𝟑

(d) 43.42
(e) None of these
Sol:

2. The average of 10 numbers is 40.2 Later is found that two numbers have been wrongly
copied. The first is 18 greater than the actual number and the second number added is
13 instead of 31. Find the correct average.
(a) 40.2
(b) 40.4
(c) 40.6
(d) 40.8
(e) None of these
Sol:

3. The average value of property of Agil, Mugilan and Anitha is ₹ 130cr. The property of
Agil
is 20cr greater than the property value of Mugilan and Anita property values is 50cr
greater than the Agil property value. The value is property of Anita is
(a) 120 cr
(b) 170 cr
(c) 100 cr
(d) 150 cr
(e) None of these
Sol:
4. The average age of husband and wife was 23 years when they were married 5 years
ago. The average age of the husband, the wife and a child who was born during in interval,
is 20 years now. How old is the child now?
(a) 9 months
(b) 1 year
(c) 3 years
(d) 4 years
(e) None of these
Sol:

5. The average monthly income of 4 earning members of a family is ₹7350. One member
passes away and the average monthly income becomes ₹6500, what was the monthly
income of the person, who is no more?
(a) ₹ 6928
(b) ₹ 8200
(c) ₹ 9900
(d) ₹ 13850
(e) None of these
Sol:

6. The average temperature of Delhi for four days in a particular month is 48°C. and the
average temperature of second and third days is 34°𝑪 and the ratio of the temperature
of first and fourth days is 9 : 11, then find out the temperatures of first and fourth days.
(a) 45.5°C, 49.9°C
(b) 32.4°𝑪, 39.8°𝑪
(c) 43.4°𝑪, 68.2°𝑪
(d) 52.4°C, 46.8°C
(e) None of these
Sol:
7. The ratio of present age of Sachin to that of Dravid is 3 : 5 and after five years the sum
of their age will be 90 years. Find the difference between present age of Sachin & Dravid?
(a) 14 years
(b) 20 years
(c) 18 years
(d) 30 years
(e) None of these
Sol:

8. The second lowest number of five consecutive odd number series is seven more than
𝟐
the 𝟓th of the third highest number of five consecutive even numbers series. If the average
of five consecutive even number series is 70, then find the difference between the highest
number of both series.
(a) 37 (b) 27
(c) 33 (d) 29
(e) 31
Sol

QUANTITATIVE APTITUDE – PERCENTAGE

9. Pradip spends 40 per cent his monthly income on food items, and 50 per cent of
remaining on clothes and conveyance. He saves one - third of the remaining amount after
spending on food. Clothes and conveyance. If he saves ₹ 19,200 every year, what is his
monthly income?
(a) ₹ 24,000.
(b) ₹ 12,000
(c) ₹ 16,000
(d) ₹ 20,000
(e) None of these
Sol:

10. When 30 per cent of a number is added to another number the second number
increases by its 20 per cent. What is the ratio between the first and the second number?
(a) 3 : 2
(b) 2 : 3
(c) 2 : 5
(d) Data inadequate
(e) None of these
Sol:

11. Rajesh solved 80 per cent of the questions in an examination correctly. If out of 41
questions solved by Rajesh 37 questions are correct and of the remaining questions out
of 8 questions 5 Questions have been solved by Rajesh correctly then find the total
number of questions asked in the examination.
(a) 75
(b) 65
(c)60
(d) cannot be determined
(e) None of these
Sol:

12. 10% of the inhabitants of a village having died of cholera a panic set in, during which
25% of the reaming inhabitants left the village. The population is then reduced to 4050.
Find the number of original inhabitants.
(a) 5000
(b) 6000
(c) 7000
(d) 8000
(e) None of these
Sol:

13. When the price of sugar was increased by 32%, a family reduced its consumption in
such a way that the expenditure on sugar was only 10% more than before. If 30kg were
consumed per month before, find the new monthly consumption.
(a) 20 kg
(b) 25 kg
(c) 30 kg
(d) 35 kg
(e) None of these
Sol:

14. The price of an article is ₹ 25. After two successive cuts by the same percentage, the
price becomes ₹ 20.25. If each time the cut was x%, then.
(a) x = 9
(b) x = 10
(c) x = 11
(d) x = 11 .5
(e) None of these
Sol:

15. 405 sweets were distributed equally among children in such a way that the number
of sweets received by each child is 20% of the total number of children. How many sweets
did each child receive?
(a) 7 (b) 9
(c) 18 (d) 45
(e) None of these
Sol:

16. There is an increase of 30% in the production of milk chocolates in Amul Dairy in one
month. If now it is 9,100 milk chocolates per month, what was it one month ago?
(a) 10,000 chocolates
(b) 9000 chocolates
(c) 8000 chocolates
(d) 7000 chocolates
(e) None of these
Sol:
17. In a college election between two rival, a candidate who got 40% of the total votes
polled, was defeated by his rival by 160 votes. The total number of votes polled was
(a) 900
(b) 800
(c) 700
(d) 600
(e) None of these
Sol:

18. A scooter cots ₹ 25,000 when it is brand new. At the end of each year, its value is only
80% of what it was at eh beginning of the year, What is the value of the scooter at the
end of 3 years?
(a) ₹ 10,000
(b) ₹ 12, 500
(c) ₹ 12,800
(d) ₹ 12,000
(e) None of these
Sol:

19. A man spends 28% of his salary on food. From the remaining he spent 1/6th on rent
and sends 3/8th to his mother. If he left with ₹ 5280, what amount he sends to his
mother.
(a) ₹ 8230
(b) ₹ 8640
(c) ₹ 9580
(d) ₹ 8420
(e) None of these
Sol:
20. Ramesh has 20% savings with him from his monthly salary If expenditures on clothing
is 25% of overall expenditure and his total expenditure except clothing 7200 then find his
savings.
(a) 2000
(b) 2500
(c) 2600
(d) 2400
(e) 2900
Sol:

21. Rohan bought a bike at 15% discount on MRP. After 1 year Rohan sold the bike to
Gopal at 10% loss. After 1 more year Gopal sold the bike at 15% profit to Sumit. If sumit
paid ₹ 1,40,000 then find the M.R.P of the bike?
(a) ₹ 159000
(b) ₹ 147000
(c) ₹ 155670
(d) ₹ 169380
(e) None of these
Sol:

𝟏
22. Satish saves 10% of his monthly salary. And of the remaining salary th and
𝟑
𝟏
𝒕𝒉𝒆 𝒉𝒆 gives to his EMI for the payment of his car. If his annual EMI was ₹ 50,000, then
𝟐
find his monthly salary?
(a) ₹33,000
(b) ₹27,000
(c) ₹ 32,000
(d) ₹ 30,000
(e) ₹ 27,800
Sol:
23. Raman gave 80% of his monthly salary to his wife and the remaining he invested in
mutual fund. From the money his wife got, she spent 30% on groceries, 20% on rent and
remaining amount of ₹ 12000 she spent on buying gold. What is Raman’s monthly salary?
(a) 34400
(b) 30000
(c) 41500
(d) 3200
(e) None of these
Sol:

RATIO, PROPORTION AND PARTNERSHIP

24. In an express train, the passengers travelling in A.C sleeper class, First class and
Sleeper class are in the ratio 1 : 2 : 7,and rate for each class in the ratio 5 : 4 : 2 If the total
income from this train is ₹54,000, find the income of Indian Railways from A.C sleeper
class.
(a) ₹ 12,000
(b) ₹20,000
(c) ₹22,000
(d) ₹10,000
(e) None of these
Sol:

25. A is a working partner and B is a sleeping partner in a business A puts in ₹ 50,000 and
B ₹ 60,000 A gets 12.5 % of the profit for managing the business, and the rest is divided
in proportion to their capitals. Find the share of A in profit of ₹ 8800
(a) ₹3500
(b) ₹4600
(c) ₹5400
(d) ₹4800
(e) None of these
Sol:
26. A and B enter into partnership with capitals in the ratio 3 : 4 At the end of 10 months
A withdraws, and the profits now are divided in the ratio of 5 : 6 Find how long B
remained in the business?
(a) 9 months
(b) 8 months
(c) 6 months
(d) 7 months
(e) None of these
Sol:

27. A and B invest ₹3,000 and ₹4,000 in a business A receives ₹10 per month out the profit
as a remuneration for running the business and the rest of profit is divided in proportion
to the investments, If in a year ‘A’ totally receives ₹390, what does B receive?
(a) ₹ 375
(b) ₹ 360
(c) ₹ 350
(d) ₹ 260
(e) None of these
Sol:

28. A started a business with ₹ 4500 and other person B joined after some period with
₹3000. Determine this period after B joined the business if the profit at the end of the
year is divided in the ratio 2 : 1
(a) After 3 months
(b) After 4 months
(c) After 6 months
𝟏
(d) After 2 𝟐 months

(e) None of these

Sol:

29. X and Y put in ₹ 3,000 and ₹ 4,000 respectively into a business. X reinvests into the
business his share of the first year’s profit of ₹2,100 whereas Y does not reinvest.
In what ratio should they share the second years’ profit?
(a) 39 : 40
(b) 3 : 4
(c) 3 : 7
(d) 40 : 79
(e) None of these
Sol:

30. Six liters of a 20% solution of alcohol in water are mixed with 4 liters of a 60% solution
of alcohol in water. The % alcoholic strength of the mixture is
(a) 80
(b) 40
(c) 36
(d) 48
(e) None of these
Sol:

Directions for the following 3 (three) items :

Read the following two passages and answer the items that follow the passages. Your
answers to these items should be based on the passages only.
Passage
The majority of people who fail to accumulate money sufficient for their needs, are
generally, easily influenced by the opinions of others. They permit the newspapers and
the gossiping neighbours to do their thinking for them. Opinions are the cheapest
commodities on the earth. Everyone has a flock of opinions ready to be wished upon by
anyone who will accept them. If you are influenced by opinions when you reach
decisions, you will not succeed in any undertaking.
31. Which one of the following is implied by the passage?
(a) Most of the people do not accumulate money for their needs.
(b) Most of the people never fail to accumulate money for their needs.
(c) There are people who fail to accumulate money for their needs.
(d) There is no need to accumulate money.
Ans :

32. What is the main idea of the passage?

(a) People should not be influenced by the opinions of others.
(b) People should accumulate as much money as they can.
(c) People should neither give nor accept the opinions.
(d)People will succeed in any undertaking if they do not accept any opinion at all

Ans :

Passage
“The social order is a sacred right which is the basis of all other rights. Nevertheless,
this right does not come from nature, and must therefore be founded on conventions.”

33. With reference to the above passage, which of the following statements is/ are
correct?
1. Conventions are the sources of rights of man.
2. Rights of man can be exercised only when there is a social order.
Select the correct answer using the code given below.
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2

Ans :

34. Two candidates X and Y contested an election. 80% of voters cast their vote and
there were no invalid votes. There was no NOTA (None of the above) option. X got 56%
of the votes cast and won by 1440 votes. What is the total number of voters in the
voters list?
(a) 15,000
(b) 12,000
 (c) 9,600
(d) 5,000

Ans :

35. What is the smallest number greater than 1000 that when divided by any one of the
numbers 6, 9, 12, 15, 18 leaves a remainder of 3?
(a) 1063
(b) 1073
(c) 1083
(d) 1183

Ans :

36. Let p be a 2-digit number and q be the number consisting of same digits written in
reverse order. If p × q = 2430, then what is the difference between p and q?
(a) 45
(b) 27
(c) 18
(d) 9

Ans :

37. Consider the following statements in respect of two natural number p and q such
that p is a prime number and q is a composite number : 1. p × q can be an odd number.
2. q/p can be a prime number. 3. p + q can b e a prime number. Which of the above
statements are correct?
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3

Ans:
38. Consider the following statements : 1. Between 3:16 p.m. and 3:17 p.m., both hour
hand and minute hand coincide. 2. Between 4:58 p.m. and 4:59 p.m., Both minute hand
and second hand coincide. Which of the above statements is/ are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2

Ans :

39. There are two containers X and Y. X contains 100 ml of milk and Y contains 100 ml of
water. 20 ml of milk from X is transferred to Y. After mixing well, 20 ml of the mixture in
Y is transferred back to X. If m denotes the proportion of milk in X and n denotes the
proportion of water in Y, then which one of the following is correct?
(a) m = n
(b) m > n
(c) m < n
(d) Cannot be determined due to insufficient data

Ans :

40. A pie chart gives the expenditure on five different items A, B, C, D and E in a
household. If B, C, D and E correspond to 90°, 50°, 45° and 75° respectively, then what is
the percentage of expenditure on item A?
(a) 112/9
(b) 125/6
(c) 155/9
(d) 250/9

Ans :

41. In a group of persons, 70% of the persons are male and 30% of the persons are
married. If two-sevenths of the males are married, what fraction of the females is
single?
(a) 2/7
(b) 1/3
(c) 3/7
(d) 2/3

Ans :

Passage

As inflation rises, even governments previously committed to budget discipline are

spending freely to help households. Higher interest rates announced by central
banks are to supposed to help produce modest fiscal austerity, because to
maintain stable debts while paying more to borrow, governments must cut
spending or raise taxes. Without the fiscal backup, monetary policy eventually
loses traction. Higher interest rates become inflationary, not disinflationary,
because they simply lead governments to borrow more to pay rising debt-service
costs. The risk of monetary unmooring is greater when public debt rises, because
interest rates become more important to budget deficits.

42 Which of the following statements best reflects/reflect the most logical and
rational inference/inferences that can be made from the passage ?
1. Central banks cannot bring down inflation without budgetary backing.
2. The effects of monetary policy depend on the fiscal policies pursued by the
government.

Select the correct answer using the code given below.

(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2

Ans :-

43 What is the least possible number of cuts required to cut a cube into 64 identical
pieces ?
 (a) 8
(b) 9
(c) 12
(d) 16

Ans :-

44 In the expression 5 * 4 * 3 * 2 * 1, * is chosen from +, –, × each at most two

times. What is the smallest nonnegative value of the expression ?

(a) 3
(b) 2
(c) 1
(d) 0

Ans :-

45 A certain number of men can complete a piece of work in 6k days, where k is a

natural number. By what percent should the number of men be increased so that
the work can be completed in 5k days ?

i. 10%
ii. (50/3)%
iii. 20%
iv. 25%

Ans :-

46 X, Y and Z can complete a piece of work individually in 6 hours, 8 hours and 8

hours respectively. However, only one person at a time can work in each hour and
nobody can work for two consecutive hours. All are engaged to finish the
work. What is the minimum amount of time that they will take to finish the work ?

i. 6 hours 15 minutes
ii. 6 hours 30 minutes
iii. 6 hours 45 minutes
iv. 7 hours

Ans :-

47 How many consecutive zeros are there at the end of the integer obtained in the
product 12 × 24 × 36 × 48 × … × 2550 ?

i. 50
ii. 55
iii. 100
iv. 200

Ans :-

48 On January 1st, 2023, a person saved Rs. 1. On January 2nd 2023, he saved Rs. 2
more than that on the previous day. On January 3rd, 2023, he saved Rs 2 more
than that on the previous day and so on. At the end of which date was his total
savings a perfect square as well a perfect cube ?

(a)7th January, 2023

(b8th January, 2023
(c) 9th January, 2023
(d) Not possible

Ans :-

Passage
Today, if we consider cities such as New York, London and Paris as some of the
most iconic cities in the world, it is because plans carrying a heavy systems
approach were imposed on their precincts. The backbone of the systems theory is
 the process of translating social, spatial and cultural desirables into mathematical
models using computing, statistics, optimization and an algorithmic way of
formulating and solving problems. The early universities of the West which began
to train professionals in planning, spawned some of the most ingenious planners,
who were experts in these domains. This was because these very subjects were
absorbed into the planning curriculum that had its roots in the social sciences,
geography and architecture. Planning in India, and its education differ from the
West.

49 Which one of the following statements best reflects the most logical and
rational inference that can be made from the above passage ?

i. Curriculum for urban planning courses should have diverse and interdisciplinary
approach.
ii. In India, city administration is under bureaucracy which lacks formal training in
urban planning and management.
iii. In India, the management of urban areas is a local affair with a chronic problem
of insufficient funds.
iv. With high density of population and widespread poverty in our urban areas,
planned development in them is very difficult.

Ans :-

50 Based on the above passage, the following assumptions have been made :
1. India needs a new generation of urban professionals with knowledge relevant to
modem urban practice.
2. Indian universities at present have no capacity or potential to impart training in
systems approach

(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2

Ans :-

Passage
Not every voice on the internet commands the same kind of audience. When
anonymous private entities with high capital can pay for more space for their
opinions, they are effectively buying a louder voice. If political discourse in the
 digital sphere is a matter of outshining one's opponent till the election is Won, then the
quality of politics suffers. The focus of social media is restricted to the promotion of
content that generates more user engagement, regardless of how inflammatory the
content may be.

51 Which one of the following statements best reflects the central idea of the above
passage ?

i. Constructed as a marketplace of views, social media ensures instant access to

information.
ii. Social media are not ideal or moral institutions but the products built by
companies to make profits.
iii. Social media have been created to strengthen democracies.
iv. In today's world, social media are inevitable for well-informed social life.

Ans :-

52 Based on the above passage, the following assumptions have been made :
1. Internet is not inclusive enough.
2. Internet can adversely affect the quality of politics in a country. Which of
the assumptions given above is/are valid ?

(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2

Ans :-

Passage

“The history of science is the real history of mankind.” In this striking epigram, a nineteenth-
century writer links science with its background. Like most epigrams, its power lies in
emphasizing by contrast an aspect of truth which may be easily overlooked. In this case, it is
easy to overlook the relations between science and mankind, and to treat the former as some
abstract third party, which can sometimes be praised for its beneficial influences, but
frequently and conveniently blamed for the horrors of war. Science and mankind cannot be
divorced from time to time at men's convenience. Yet we have seen that, in spite of countless
opportunities of improvement, the opening years of the present period of civilization have
been dominated by international conflict. Is this the inevitable result of the progress of
science or does the fault lie elsewhere ?
53 Which of the following is/are emphatically conveyed by the author of the passage ?

1. Without science, mankind could not have continued to exist till today.

2. It is the science that will ultimately determine the destiny of mankind. Select the correct
answer using the code given below.

(a) 1 only

(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2

(d) Neither 1 nor 2

Ans :-

54 Based on the above passage, the following assumptions have been made :
1. The horrors of modem life are the inevitable result of the progress of science.

2. The aspect of truth likely to be overlooked is that science is what man has made it. Which
of the assumptions given above is/ are correct ?

(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2

(d) Neither 1 nor 2

Ans :-

Passage
Only with long experience and opening of his wares on many a beach where his language is
not spoken, will the merchant come to know the worth of what he carries, and what is
parochial and what is universal in his choice. Such delicate goods as justice, love and honour,
courtesy, and indeed all the things we care for, are valid everywhere but they are variously
moulded and often differently handled, and sometimes nearly unrecognizable if you meet
them in a foreign land, and the art of learning fundamental common values is perhaps the
greatest gain of travel to those who wish to live at ease among their fellows
55.When we meet other people while we travel, we learn to differentiate between

(a) imagination and understanding

(b) communities and nationalities
(c) local values and universal values

(d) friends and foes

Ans :-

56.With reference to the above passage, the following assumptions have been made :

1. Travel leads to an understanding of humans.

2. Travel helps those who wish to learn fundamental common values.

3. A person with long experience in travel can resolve differences amongst people. Which of
the assumptions given above are valid ?

(a) 1 and 2 only

(b) 2 and 3 only

(c) 1 and 3 only

(d) 1, 2 and 3

Ans :-

Passage

Conventional classrooms, by emphasizing fixed duration over learning effectiveness, resign

themselves to variable outcomes. The tyranny of the classroom is that every learner is
subjected to the same set of lectures in the same way for the same duration. In the end, a
few learners shine, some survive, and the rest are left behind. After the fixed duration, the
classroom model moves on, with not a thought spared for those left behind. This is how we
end up with 10 percent employability in our graduates after a decade and half of formal
education. Repeating the same ineffectual script in the realm of skill education will not
produce different results
57.Which of the following statements best reflects/reflect the most logical and rational
inference/inferences that can be made from the passage ?

1. In conventional classroom learning, the central goal is duration of learning rather than
attainment of competency.

2. Conventional classrooms encourage one-size-fits-all approach and stamp out all

differentiation. Select the correct answer using the code given below.

(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only

(c) Both 1 and 2

(d) Neither 1 nor 2

Ans :-

58.Based on the above passage, the following assumptions have been made :

1. As a large number of workers in our country are employed in unorganized sector, India
does not need to change its present conventional classroom system of education.

2. Even with its present conventional classroom system of education, India produces
sufficient number of skilled workers to fully realize the benefits of demographic dividend.
Which of the assumptions given above is/are valid ?

(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2

(d) Neither 1 nor 2

Ans :-
Passage

When a child reaches adolescence, there is apt to be a conflict between the parents and the
child, since the latter considers himself to be by now quite capable of managing his own
affairs, while the former are filled with parental solicitude, which is often a disguise for love
of power. Parents consider, usually, that the various moral problems which arise in
adolescence are peculiarly their province. The options they express, however, are so
dogmatic that the young seldom confide in them, and usually go their own way in secret

59 Based on the above passage, the following assumptions have been made :

1. The adolescent does not feel comfortable with his parents because they tend to be
dominating and assertive.
2. The adolescent of modern times does not have much respect for parents. Which of the
assumptions given above is/are valid ?

(a) 1 only

(c) Both 1 and 2

(b) 2 only

(d) Neither 1 nor 2

Ans :-

60.Which one of the following statements best reflects the central idea of the above passage
?

(a) Parents in general may not be of much help when children are on their way to becoming
adults.

(b) When children reach adolescence, involvement of parents in their lives is unnecessary.

(c) Modern-day nuclear families are not capable of bringing up children properly.

(d) In modern societies, adolescents tend to be stubborn, disobedient and careless

Ans :-

Passage
When an international team of scientists pumped a carbon dioxide and water mix into
underground basalt rocks, basic chemistry took over. The acidic mixture dissolved rocks’
calcium and magnesium and formed limestone. Basically, carbon dioxide is converted into
stone, exclaimed the scientists

61 Which one of the following statements best reflects the most logical, rational and practical
suggestion implied by the passage ?

(a) It is a cheap and practical method to produce limestone at commercial level for building
purposes.
(b) This can be used as one of the methods of sequestration. carbon
(c) Basalt rock can be made a good source of calcium and magnesium minerals by this
method.
(d) Good rock-dissolving acid can be produced by mixing carbon dioxide and water.

Ans :-

Passage
Geographers analyzed 175 satellite images of ocean colour, which is an indicator of
phytoplankton productivity at the ocean’s surface, and found that giant icebergs are
responsible for storing up to 20 percent of carbon in the Southern Ocean. The researchers
discovered that melting water from giant icebergs which contains iron and other nutrients,
supports hitherto unexpectedly high levels of phytoplankton growth.

62 Based on the above passage, the following assumptions have been made :

1. Giant icebergs have a bearing on primary productivity and food chains of the Southern
Ocean.
2. Melting of giant icebergs can produce climate change effects and impact world fisheries
Which of the assumptions given above is/are valid ?
(a)1 only

(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
Ans :-

Passage
Evolution has endowed caterpillars that feed on corn with a unique ability, they can induce
the plant to turn off its defence against insect predators. This helps caterpillars to eat more
and grow faster. The agent that causes this effect is the caterpillar's faeces or frass. The find
could throw new light on compounds associated with plant response to pathogens like fungi
or bacteria

63 Which one of the following statements best reflects the most logical, rational and
practical message conveyed by the passage ?

a. Farmers can use caterpillars to feed on weeds in their crop fields/ plantations.
b. This finding can help in the development of clinically useful antimicrobial compounds

c. This finding can help in the development of organic, ecologically sustainable pesticides.
d. Caterpillars can be genetically modified to be predators of the other plant pests

Ans :-

Passage
In a robust democracy, reality, howsoever inconvenient it may be, finds its expression both
in the speech of political leaders and the other social forms of assertion. The existence of the
real has to be transparent, both through its circulation in and by the media as well as its
argumentative articulation in deliberative democracy. A normatively responsible media
through its communication effect has the responsibility to circulate the content of reality
without distortion

64 Which one of the following statements best reflects the crux of the above passage ?
(a)Responsible media should not distort the real in an ideal democracy.

(b) Fake news seems inherent in the life of an ideal democracy.

(c) There should not be any kind of restrictions on the freedom of expression in an ideal
democracy.
(d) Irresponsible media and political leaders cannot be effectively controlled in an ideal
democracy

Ans:

Passage
Now-a-days there is a growing trend to use interconnected home devices. As consumers
increasingly network their homes, the connected home device manufacturers and service
providers will seek to overcome “thin profit margins by gathering more of our personal
data—with or without our agreement—turning the home into a corporate storefront”.
Corporate marketers will have powerful incentives to observe consumer behaviour to
understand the buying needs and preferences of the device owners.

65 Which one of the following statements best reflects the most logical, rational and
practical message implied by the passage ?
a. Knowledge of consumer behaviour leads to more capital expenditure in manufacturing
sector.
b. Knowledge of consumer behaviour stimulates the growth of commerce and trade and
thus helps in the overall economic development of the country.
c. Interconnected devices give a lot of comfort to home users and improve the overall
quality of life.
d. Interconnected devices can be at security risk and home users may have privacy risk.

Ans:

Passage
In a robust democracy, reality, howsoever inconvenient it may be, finds its expression both
in the speech of political leaders and the other social forms of assertion. The existence of the
real has to be transparent, both through its circulation in and by the media as well as its
argumentative articulation in deliberative democracy. A normatively responsible media
through its communication effect has the responsibility to circulate the content of reality
without distortion

66 Which one of the following statements best reflects the crux of the above passage ?
(a)Responsible media should not distort the real in an ideal democracy.
(b) Fake news seems inherent in the life of an ideal democracy.
(c) There should not be any kind of restrictions on the freedom of expression in an ideal
democracy.
(d) Irresponsible media and political leaders cannot be effectively controlled in an ideal
democracy

Ans:

Passage
Now-a-days there is a growing trend to use interconnected home devices. As consumers
increasingly network their homes, the connected home device manufacturers and service
providers will seek to overcome “thin profit margins by gathering more of our personal
data—with or without our agreement—turning the home into a corporate storefront”.
Corporate marketers will have powerful incentives to observe consumer behaviour to
understand the buying needs and preferences of the device owners.
67 Which one of the following statements best reflects the most logical, rational and
practical message implied by the passage ?
(a)Knowledge of consumer behaviour leads to more capital expenditure in manufacturing
sector.
(b)Knowledge of consumer behaviour stimulates the growth of commerce and trade and
thus helps in the overall economic development of the country.
(c)Interconnected devices give a lot of comfort to home users and improve the overall
quality of life.
(d)Interconnected devices can be at security risk and home users may have privacy risk.

Ans:

Passage
Green growth involves rethinking growth strategies with regard to the impacts on
environmental sustainability and the environmental resources available to poor and
vulnerable groups. In rethinking growth, we need to focus on the current reality of a
resource-constrained world. Resource intensive and, in particular energy intensive processes
will need to make way for more efficient and resource frugal development strategies if we
are to avoid an economic dead end or a world in which only a small elite is able to enjoy
affluence in the midst of a sea of poverty

68 Which one of the following statements best reflects the crux of the above passage ?
(a) Environmental sustainability is inimical to our objective of achieving a high rate of GDP
growth.
(b) Poverty eradication is not possible without a rapid economic growth and the consequent
environmental degradation.
(c) Maintaining high environmental standards is now a prerequisite for achieving a steady,
sufficient and inclusive growth.
(d) With large populations, rampant poverty and limited resources of today’s world,
environmental degradation cannot be prevented and inequalities are inevitable.

Ans:
 Passage
Unlike religion and science, poetry does not posit or expect any belief in absolute truths.
Those forces or individuals who claim to have absolute truths in their grasp tend to turn
dictatorial and tyrannical. Truth usually does not admit any contradictions or imperfections. It
is unitarian. It is, therefore, not of much use for poetry. Poetry abides by the plurality of life
and existence. Perhaps poetry follows reality which is plural, anachronistic, full of
contradictions. Against the tyranny of truth, poetry remains a partisan of democratic reality.
Against the arrogance of power, wealth and hierarchy, poetry proposes both humility and
defiance

69 Which one of the following statements best reflects the most logical and rational message
conveyed by the above passage ?
(a) It is the poetry, not science or religion, which recognizes and accepts imperfections in
humans.

(b) Truth is revealed through science or religion and poetry is anathema to truth.
(c) Poetry is romantic, imaginary and is about feeling whereas science and religion are about
truth.

(d) In a world of violence, tyranny and bigotry, poetry is a form of dynamic resistance.
Ans :

Passage
The flower was not invented to please us. It flaunted its petals and spread its perfume to
attract an insect. The insect carries the pollen from flower to flower so that pollen is not
carried away by wind and thus not wasted. What we call a flower's beauty is merely a by-
product and a human invention. The perfume is not there to please us, it pleases us because
it is there and we have been conditioned to it.

70 Based on the above passage, the following assumptions have been made :

1. The author of the passage believes that flowers are creations of Nature’s luxury.
2. The author of the passage does not believe in the usefulness of flowers except as things of
beauty. Which of the assumptions given above is/are valid ?
(a) 1 only
 (b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2

(d) Neither 1 nor 2

Ans :

Passage
We often hear about conflicts among different States in India over river waters. Of the 20
major river systems, 14 are already water-stressed; 75% of the population lives in water-
stressed regions, a third of whom live in waterscarce areas. Climate change, the demands of
rising population and the need for agriculture to keep pace, and increased rate of
urbanization and industrialization will exacerbate water stress. According to the Constitution
of India, water is a State subject and not that of the Union, except for regulation of inter-
State rivers. Key to ensuring balance between competing demands of various stakeholders is
a basin-based approach to allocate water amongst constituent regions and States. Allocating
fair share of water to them requires assessments based on objective criteria, such as
specificities of the river basin, size of dependent population, existing water use and demand,
efficiency of use, projected future use, etc. while ensuring the environmental needs of the
river and aquifers.
71 Which one of the following statements best reflects the most rational, practical and
immediate action required to ensure fair and equitable allocation of water to different
stakeholders ?
a. A national, pragmatic, legal and policy framework for water allocation should be made.
b. All river systems of the country should be linked and huge aquifers created.

c. Water channels between regions of water surplus and regions of water deficit should be
created.
d. To mitigate water crisis, water demand of sectors such as agriculture and industry should
be reduced.

Ans :

Passage
In India, a majority of farmers are marginal and small, less educated and possess low adaptive
capabilities to climate change, perhaps because of credit and other constraints. So, one cannot
expect autonomous adaptation to climate change. Even if it was possible, it would not be
sufficient to offset losses from climate change. To deal with this, adaptation to climate change is
paramount, alongside a fast mitigation response. Another solution is to have a planned or
policydriven adaptation, which would require the government to come up
with policy recommendations. Perception is a necessary pre-requisite for adaptation.
Whether farmers are adapting agricultural practices to climate change depends on whether
they perceive it or not. However, this is not always enough for adaptation. It is important
how a farmer perceives the risks associated with climate change.

72 Which one of the following statements best reflects the most logical and rational message
conveyed by the author of the passage ?
a. Adaptation to climate change and mitigation response are basically the responsibilities of
the government.
b. Climate change causes a change in government policies regarding land use patterns in the
country.
c. Risk perceptions of farmers are important for motivating them for taking adaptation
decisions.
d. Since mitigation is not possible, governments should come up with policies for quick
response to climate change.

Ans :

Passage
A country under foreign domination seeks escape from the present in dreams of vanished
age, and finds consolation in visions of past greatness. That is a foolish and dangerous
pastime in which many of us indulge. An equally questionable practice for us in India is to
imagine that we are still spiritually great though we have come down in the world in other
respects. Spiritual or any other greatness cannot be founded on lack of freedom and
opportunity, or on starvation and misery. Many western writers have encouraged that notion
that Indians are other-worldly. I suppose the poor and unfortunate in every country become
to some extent other-worldly, unless they become revolutionaries, for this world is evidently
not meant for them. So also subject peoples. As a man grows to maturity he is not entirely
engrossed in, or satisfied with, the external objective world. He seeks also some inner
meaning, some psychological and physical satisfactions. So also with peoples and civilizations
as they mature and grow adult. Every civilization and every people exhibit these parallel
 streams of an external life and an internal life. Where they meet or keep close to each other,
there is an equilibrium and stability. When they diverge conflict arises and the crises that
torture the mind and spirit.

73 The passage mentions that “this world is evidently not meant for them”. It refers to
people who
1. seek freedom from foreign domination.
2. live in starvation and misery.

3. become revolutionaries. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

(a) 1 and 2 only

(b) 2 only
(c) 2 and 3 only
(d) 3 only

Ans :

74 The passage thematically centres on

(a) the state of mind of oppressed people.

(b) starvation and misery.

(c) the growth of civilization.

(d) body mind and spirt of people in general.

Ans:

75 According to the passage, the torture of the mind and spirit is caused
(a) by the impact of foreign domination.
(b) by the desire to escape from foreign domination and find consolation in visions of past
greatness.
(c) due to lack of equilibrium between an external life and an internal life.
(d) due to one’s inability to be either revolutionary or other-worldly.
 Ans :

Passage
A species that exerts an influence out of proportion to its abundance in an ecosystem is
called a keystone species. The keystone species may influence both the species richness of
communities and the flow of energy and materials through ecosystems., The sea star Pisaster
ochraceus, which lives in rocky intertidal ecosystems on the Pacific coast of North America, is
also an example of a keystone specie. Its preferred prey is the mussel Mytilus californianus In
the absence of sea stars, these mussels crowd out other competitors in a broad belt of the
intertidal zone. By consuming mussels, sea star creates bare spaces that are taken over by a
variety of other species
A study at the University of Washington demonstrated the influence of Pisaster on species
richness by removing sea stars from selected parts of the intertidal zone repeatedly over a
period of five years. Two major changes occurred in the areas form which sea stars were
removed. First, the lower edge of the mussel bed extended farther down into the intertidal
zone, showing that sea stars are able to eliminate mussels completely where they are
covered with water most of the time. Second, and more dramatically 28 species of animals
and algae disappeared from the sea star removal zone. Eventually only Mytilus, the dominant
competitor, occupied the entire substratum. Through its effect on competitive relationships,
predation by Pisaster largely determines which species live in these rocky intertidal
ecosystems.

76 What is the crux of the passage?

(a) Sea star has a preferred prey.
(b) A preferred prey determines the survival of a keystone species.
(c) Keystone species ensures species diversity.
(d) Sea star is the only keystone species on the Pacific coast of North America.

Ans:

77 With reference to the passage, consider the following statements:

1. Mussels are generally the dominant species in intertidal ecosystems.

2. The survival of sea stars is generally determined by the abundance of mussels. Which of
 the statements given above is/are correct?

(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2

Ans :

78 Which of the following is/are implied by the passage?

1. Mussels are always hare competitors for sea stars.
2. Sea stars of the Pacific coast have reached the climax of their evolution.

3. Sea stars constitute an important component in the energy flow in intertidal ecosystem.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 2 only
(c) 1 and 3 only

(d) 3 only

Ans :

Passage
A moral act must be our own act; must spring from our own will. If we act mechanically, there is
no moral content in our act. Such action would be moral, if we think it proper to act like a
machine and do so. For, in doing so, we use our discrimination. We should bear in mind the
distinction between acting mechanically and acting intentionally. It may be moral of a king to
pardon a culprit. But the messenger carrying out the order of pardon plays only a mechanical
part in the king’s moral act. But if the messenger were to carry out king’s order considering it to
be his duty, his action would be a moral one. How can a man understand morality who does not
use his own intelligence and power of thought, but lets himself be swept along like a log of wood
by a current? Sometimes a man defies convention and acts on his own with a view to absolute
good.
79 . Which of the following statements best describe/describes the thought of the writer?
1. A moral act calls for using our discretion.
2. Man should react to a situation immediately.
3. Man must do his duty.
4. Man should be able to defy convention in order to be moral. Select the correct answer from
the codes given below:
(a) 1 only
(b) 1 and 3 only
(c) 2 and 3 only
(d) 1 and 4 only

Ans :

80 . Which of the following statements is the nearest definition of moral action, according to the
writer?
(a) It is a mechanical action based on official orders from superiors.
(b) It is an action based on our sense of discretion.
(c) It is a clever action based on the clarity of purpose.
(d) It is religious action based on understanding.

Ans :