<br>

B.Com. Honours Program:

-
Semester IV
-
Course DSC -9: BUSINESS MATHEMATICS
Marks: 75 Lectures: 65
Objective: The objective of this course is to familiarize the students with the basic
mathematicaltools, with an emphasis on applications to business and economic situations.
Contents
Unit 1: Matrices and Determinants Lectures 14
a. Algebra of matrices. Inverse of a matrix, Matrix Operation - Business Application
b. Solution of system of linear equations (having unique solution and involving not more
than three variables) using matrix inversion Method and Cremer's Rule, The Leontief Input
Output Model (Open Model Only).
Unit 2: Calculus I Lectures 13
a. Mathematical functions and their types- linear, quadratic, polynomial,
exponential,b. Logarithmic function Concepts of limit, and continuity of a function
c. Concept and rules of differentiation, Maxima and Minima involving 2nd or higher order
derivatives.
d Concept of Marginal Analysis, Concept of Elasticity, Applied Maximum and Minimum

Problems including effect of Tax on Monopolist's optimum price and quantity, EOQ
Unit 3: Calculus II Lectures 20
a. Partial Differentiation: Partial derivatives up to second order; Homogeneity of functions
and Euler's theorem; Total differentials; Differentiation of implicit functions with the help
of total differentials
b. Maxima and Minima: Cases of two variables involving not more than one constraint
including the use of the Lagrangian multiplier.
-
c. Integration: Standard forms. Methods of integration by substitution, by parts, and by use
of partial fractions; Definite integration; Finding areas in simple cases
d. Application of Integration to marginal analysis. Consumer's and Producer's Surplus, Rate of
Sales and the Learning Curve
Unit 4: Mathematics of Finance Lectures 6,
a. Rates of interest-nominal, efective- and their inter-relationships in different compounding
situations.
b. Compounding and discounting of a sum using different types of rates.
c. Types of annuities, like ordinary, due, deferred, continuous, perpetual, and their future and
present values using different types of rates of interest. Depreciation of Assets.
(General annuities to be excluded)
Unit 5: Linear Programming Lectures 12,
1. Formulation of linear programming problem (LPP). Graphical solution to LPP. Cases of

unique and multiple optimal solutions. Unbounded solutions, infeasibility, and redundant
constraints.
2. Solution to LPP using Simplex method - maximization and minimization cases. Shadow
prices of the resources. Identification of unique and multiple optimal solutions, unbounded
solution, infeasibility anddegeneracy.
Suggested Readings:
1. Budnick, P. Applied Mathematics. MeGraw Hill Education.
2. R.G.D. Allen, Mathematical Analysis For Economists
3. Ayres, Frank Jr. Schaum's Outlines Series: Theory and Problems of Mathematics
ofFinance. McGraw Hill Education.
4. N.G. Das & J.K Das, Business Mathematics & Statistics
5. Thukral, J.K., Mathematics for Business Studies.
6. Vohra, N.D., Quantitative Techniques in Management. McGraw Hill Education.
7. Soni, R.S,. Business Mathematics. Ane Books, New Delhi.
8. SinghJ. K., Business Mathematics. Himalaya Publishing House.
9.S.K. Nag, Business Math & Statistics, Kalyani Publisher
<br>

UG/CBCS/B.Com./Hons./4th Sem./Commerce/COMCC9/2020

UNIVERSITY OF NORTH BENGAL

B.Com. Honours 4th Semester Examination, 2020

CC9-COMMERCE

BUSINESS MATHEMATICS
Full Marks: 60

ASSIGNMENT

The figures in the margin indicate full marks.

All symbols are of usual significance.

Answer any three questions from the following 20x3 = 60

1. (a) A firm makes chairs and tables. Profit is Rs. 20 per chair and Rs. 30 per table. 15+5
Both the products are processed on three machines M1, M2 and M3. The time
required for each product in hours and total time available in hours per week on
each machine are as follows:

Machine Chair Table Available Time

MI 3 3 36

M2 5 2 50

M3 2 6 60

How should the manufacturer schedule his production for minimizing his profit?
(Use Simplex Method)
(b) What do you mean by unbounded solution in the graphical method of LPP?

3
2. (a) Find the inverse of the matrix and hence solve the system of equation 7+7+6
5

2x+3y =12 and 5x-4y =7.

dy
=
(b) If x" y" (x+v)*n prove that
dx
+
(C) Show that f(x)=-5x 5x -1 maximum at x=l and minimum at
x=3.

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UG/CBCS/B.Com./Hons./4th Sem./Commerce/COMCC9/2020

3. (a) Verify Euler's theorem for f(x, y) =x+2y'-x'y. 7+7+6

(b) If u = x+y prove that x

+y =2u
dx dy

(c) Integrate:

() x(logr)'
(ii) log(r* +2x +1)

4. (a) Purchasing of NSC makes the investment double itself in 6 years. Find the rate 7+7+6
of interest accrued; if compounded half-yearly.
(b) A sum 50 is invested to 4 years compound interest at 5%, interest being
of Rs.
paid quarterly. Find the effective rate of interest per annum.
(C) Find the area of the region bounded by the curves y
=6x and x=6y.

5. (a) A radio manufacturer finds that he can sellx radios per week of Rs. P
each, 10+10
where P= 2(100-x/4), his cost of production ofx radios per week is
Rs. (120x+x/2). Show that his profit maximum when production is 40
radios per week. Find also his maximum profit per week.
(b) Show that

4abc

4165 2
<br>

UG/CBCS/B.Com./Hons,/4th Sem./Commerce/COMCC9/2021

UNIVERSITY OF NORTH BENGAL

B.Com. Honours 4th Semester Examination, 2021

CC9-COMMERCE

BUSINESS MATHEMATICS
Full Marks: 60

ASSIGNMENT

The figures in the margin indicate full marks.

All symbols are of usual significance.

Answer all the questions 15x4 = 60

1. (a) A function is defined as follows: 5

f) =x-1, when 0 <*<l
= 2x+1, when 1<x<2
= 5, when x>2
at
Show that f(r) is discontinuous x=1.
(b) Find lim +x-6
x2 x-X-2
(c) Find d'y when y =e 5

2. (a) Show that f (x) = x°3x* +6x +3 has neither maximum nor minimum. 7

(b) Solve by Matrix Method: X+y+z=6

*-y+z=2
2x+y-z=1

(+log
x)
dr
3. (a) Evaluate: 5

(b) Solve by Simplex method the following L.P. problem: 10

Maximize, Z=2r+5y
Subject to: X+4ys 24
3x+ ys 21
X+y<9
(r>0,y >0)

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UG/CBCS/B.Com./Hons./4th Sem./Commerce/COMCC9/2021

4. (a) State Euler's theorem and verify for u=x+3xy-2y' 5

(b) if u= log(x + y) show that ou 'u

-=0

(c) Find
dy when X=
21
and y = 5
dx 1+2 1+?

4165 2
<br>

UG/CBCS/B.Com./Hons./4th Sem./Commerce/COMCC9/2022

UNIVERSITY OF NORTH BENGAL

B.Com. Honours 4th Semester Examination, 2022

CC9-CoMMERCE
BUSINESS MATHEMATICS
Time Allotted: 2 Hours Full Marks: 60
The figures in the margin indicate full marks.
All symbols are of usual significance.

GROUP-A

Answer any two questions 12x2 = 24

1. (a) Solve using Cramer's rule: 8+4

2x-y+2z=-8
*+2y-3z =9
3x- y-4z=3
(b) If y= f() = ax+b Prove that f(v)=r.
Cx-a'

2. (a) Find if r=y'. 6+6

dx

(b) If y = then find the value of

d'y at x=2.
1-* dx

3. (a) A sinking fund is created for redemption of debenture of Rs. 1,00,000/- at the 8+4
end of 5 years. How much money should be provided out of profit each year
for the sinking fund if the instrument can earn interest @ 4% P.A. at compound
rate?
log x prove it.
(b) lim =1,

4. (a) Find the value of (e't dx. 6+6

(0) Verify Euler's theorem for the function. f(r )-ty

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UG/CBCS/B.Com./Hons./4th Sem./Commerce/COMCC9/2022

5. Solve by application of the Simplex method: 12

Maximize, Z=2x +3x,
Subject to, 7%+4x, s 28
7x +12x, s52

GROUP-B
6. Answer any four questions: 6x4 = 24
(a) In what time would a sum of money triples itself @ 8% C. I. p.a.
[Given log 1.08 = 0.03342] and [log 3 = 0.4771]

(b) Solve: lim

4x-3x+6x-2
3+5x5x
(c) Is the function f) continuous at x =1 if,
fx) = x+1 for x<1
=3-2r for x> 1
(d) Find
dy if x=ey.

(e) Integrate:

(f) Find the inverse of the matrix:

2 31

GROUP-C
7. Answer any four questions: 3x4 = 12

(a) Find dy of thefunction f() = by application of 1 principle.

(b) Evaluate: dx

(c) Show that the function x-3x+3x+1 is neither a maximum nor a minimum
at x=1.
(d) If f() = for 0<I<l
= for -1<x<0
= 0 for x=0, examine the continuity of f() at x=1.
(e) Find when 3r+2ry +3y² =0.
dx
() What is a null matrix? What is a unit matrix? 1}+1}

4165 2
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UG/CBCS/B.Com./Hons./4th Sem./Commerce/COMCC9/2023

DY

UNIVERSITY OF NORTH BENGAL

B.Com. Honours 4th Semester Examination, 2023

CC9-COMMERCE
BUSINESS MATHEMATICS

Time Allotted: 2 Hours Full Marks: 60

The figures in the margin indicate full marks.

GROUP-A
Answer any two questions 12x2 = 24
1. (a) Show that 6
bc a a'
+
CCa b b= (a-b)(b-cXc-a)-(ab bc +ca)
ab

(b) Solve by Inverse Matrix Method: 6

x+2y-z=9
2x- y+3z =-2
3x+ 2y +3z =9

2. (a) Evaluate the following (any two): 343

log(1 + x) +x 512+7n +12
(i) lim (i) lim (ii) lim
x>0 e-1 141 +9n' -3
(b) A function is defined as follows: 3
= 3x-1 if x<2
f)
=k if x=2
= 2x+1 if x>2
For what value ofk, the function f(x) is continuous when x=2?
(C) Find from the first principle the derivative of Nx.

3. (a) The total cost function C for producing x units of an article per day is given by 4
+ 400). Find the average cost function and level of output at which
C=r-16x
this function is minimum.
(b) Verify Euler's theorem for the function 4
=
F(x,y) 2x-11r'y+ 3)y

(c) If x.y =
(r+ y)*, show that dy
dx
y/x. 4

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UG/CBCS/B.Com./Hons.J4th Sem./Commerce/COMCC9/2023
4. A firm produces two different products A and B. Each product has to undergo 4+8
three operations cutting, mixing and packaging. The maximum capacity
available in cutting, mixing and packaging departments are 24 hours, 21 hours
and 9 hours respectively. Each unit of product A takes 1 hour in cutting, 3 hours
in mixing and 1 hour in packaging operations. One unit of product B takes 4
hour in mixing and hour in packaging. Profit per unit of
1 1
hours in cutting,
product A is Rs. 2 and that of product B is Rs. 5. Determine the optimum
product-mix so that profit is maximum. Formulate the LPP and solve it by
simplex method.

GROUP-B
5. Answer any four questions: 6x4 = 24
(a) The difference between the simple and compound interest on a certain sum for 6
2 years at 5% p.a. is 75. Find the compound interest on the sum for 7 years at
8% p.a. (Given log1.05 = 0.0212 and log1.08 = 0.0334 )

(b) If u = log(r² + y²), show that

ou u
=0.

(c) A person is eligible to get pension at 2,40,000 p.a. after his retirement payable
in half-ycarly installment for the rest of his life. Reckoning his cxpectation of
life to be 15 years and interest is at 10% p.a. payable half-yearly, what single
sum is equivalent to his pension?
(d) What are the basic assumptions of linear programming? 6
(e) Evaluate: 6

re
or () dt

y
(logey)°
() If =e,show that
dx log y

GROUP-C
6. Answer any four questions: 3x4 = 12

(a) If x+ y
=a',show that dy-ly'.
du?

(b) If fo) = ,

prove that ef(x+y) = f():f).

etb.
(c) Find the amount if{1000 put out for 4 years @ 5% p.a. compound interest.
(d) Define feasible solution and slack variables in LPP.
(e) Evaluate
.
(3x+4)dx
2 -1] (AB).
() Given A: and B= Find
2

4165 2
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UGICBCS/B.Comlons/Jrd Sen./Connmerce/COMCC5/2023

UNIVERSITY OF NORTH BENGAL

B.Com. Honours 3rd Semester Examination, 2023

CC5-COMMERCE

BUSINESS MATHEMATICS

REVISEDp NEW SYLLABUS

Time Allotted: 2 Hours Full Marks: 60

The figures in the margin indicate full marks.

GROUP-A
Answer any hvo questions 12x2 =24
1. (a) Solve the following system of linear equations by using Cramer's rule:

2,1,l-4, L42-!=-3,-+-6.
(b) Find the value ofx, y, z if the matrix
(0 2y
A=* y -z obeysthe law
a'=I.

2. (a) If
f)-show that
f(a)-/)-s0(=0.
(b) Find dy when
=
x"y" +y"*n,
(x 6

3. (a) A function fr) is defined as follows:

x
f(r) =x+1, when s1,
=3-a', when x>|
For what value of "a' will f«) be continuous at x=1?

(b) Find
dy
when y= 4'
logx
4

d
(c) Evaluate:
Vi+2r -/-3x
lim

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VG/CBCSN.Comtlons/Jrd Sem./('ommeree/COMCCS/2023
4. (a) Evaluate:
,
+xlog ) dx when x>0
(b) A wagon is purehased on instalment basis, such that Rs. 5,000 is to be paid on
the signing of the contract and four ycarly instalment of Rs. 3,000 cach payable
at the end of the lirst, second, third and fourth years. If intercst is charged at S5%
p.a., what would be the cash down price?

GROUP-B
5 Answer any four questions from the followving: 6x4 = 24
= 6
(a) Verify he Euler's thcorem for the function f(,y) X-y

(b) Find if x= 2at y= 6

1+ i+2
(c) If the total cost function is C=3*-4x* + 2x, find at what level of output, 6
average cost be minimum and what level will it be?
(d) A sum of money invested at C:1. payable yearly amounts to Rs. 10,816 at the 3+3
end of the second year and to Rs. 11,248.64 at the end of the third year. Find the
rate of interest and the sum.
(e) Show that: 6

() Find , when 6

GROUP-C
6
Answer any four questions from the following: 3x4 = 12
(a) What is Transpose of a matrix? Give an example. 3

(b) Show that: 3

4x + 5x-1
lim

(c) Evaluate:xe* dr. 3

(d) What principal will amount of Rs. 720.325 in 4 years at 3% per annum 3
compound interest?
(e) If the total revenue function is :
TR= 3*'3r +656x, determine the marginal 3
revenue function.

find the matrix X, such that 5A+3B + 2X = 0. 3

3031 2
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UGICBCSB.ComHons/4th SemJCommerce/COMCC9/Old/2024

UNIVERSITY OF NORTH BENGAL

B.Com. Honours 4th Semester Examination, 2024

CC9-COMMERCE
BUSINESS MATHEMATICS
OLD SYLLABUS
Time Allotted: 2 Hours Full Marks: 60
The figures in the margin indicate full marks.

GROUP-A
Answer any two questions 12x2 = 24
1. (a) Solve by Cramer's Rule: 6
2x+3y -z =9
x+y+z=9
3x-y-z=-1
(b) Verify that thematrix equation 4-44+3I =0 is satisfied by the 6

matrix where and

2. (a) For what value ofx the following function attains its maxima and minima: 4

y=-3x+5
(b) If y
= , prove that x dy
4
d 1-ylogx

(c) Evaluate: 4

I3a) A man left Rs. 2,500 for his two sons aged 10 years and 15 years with the decision 6
that the sum should be divided in such a way that two sons get the same amount when
they reached the age of 30 years. Assuming that the rate of compound interest is 5%
p.a. Calculate how much the younger son get when he was 10 years old.
b} The life time of a machine is 12 years. The cost price of the machine- is 6
Rs. 1,00,000. The estimate scrap value and the increase in the cost of machine
after 12 years are Rs. 30,000 and 20%at respectively. Find the amount of each equal
annual instalment to be deposited 12% interest p.a. compounded annually to
replace the machine.

|4e Evaluate the following (any two): 6

4x +2x-5
7x +x +2
(ii) lim
h0
a+h-a
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UG/CBCS/B.Com./HonsJ4th Sen./Commerce/COMCC9/Old/2024
t(bA function f(x) is defincd as follows:
6
f(«) =-x, -2sxs0
=*, 0<x<1
=3-x, 1sxs2
Discuss the continuity of f(r) at x
=0, 1.

GROUP-B
Answer any four qucstions:
6x4 - 24
5.
tare the basic assuptions of lincar pçogramming?
6
J6) Evaluate: lim
J3x +1-5x-1 6

(c) If y =t+: show that 2x

dx
-+y=2/x. 6

|1 2 21
Show that A =|2 1 2 satisfies the equation =

1
4'-44-51 0. 6
|2 2

ety Euler's theorem for the function F(x, y) = 2x-11x²y +

3y. 6

() Evaluate: 6
1+e*

GROUP-C
6. Answer any four questions:
3x4= 12
1
3
|ar find the adj.A of the matrix A=|1 4 2 3
|5 -2 6|
bY Evaluate: lim
*+x-12
3
x3 x-3
/Find the derivative ofthe following function w.r.t 'x'.
3
2.53x
ta Find the amount if Rs. 1,000 put out for 4 years @ 5% p.a. compound interest. 3
(e) Define feasible solution and slack variables in LPP. 3

() Evaluate: (3r+4)' dx 3

4922