US SnOWn in Fig. lT.22 (a).

Problem l5.13.A continuous beam ABC of uniformsection, with span AB and BC as

6 m each, is fixed at A and C and supported at B as shown in Fig. 15.23 (a). Find the support
moments and the reactions. Draw the S.F. and B.M. diagrams of the beam.
Sol. Given:
Length AB, L =6m
Length BC, Lo =6 m
U.d.l. in AB, w= 2 kN/m
Point load in BC, W= 12 kN.
() B.M. diagram due to verticalloads taking each span as simply supported
Consider beam AB as simply supported. The B.M. at the centre of AB
wL 2x 62
=9kNm.
8
Consider beam BC as simply supported. The B.M. at the centre of BC
Wx L 12 x6
= 18 kNm
4 4
The B.M. diagram due to vertical loads is drawn as shown in Fig. 15.23 (c).
(ü)B.M. diagram due to support moments
As beam is fixed at A and C, therefore introduce an imaginary zero span AA, and CC, to U
left of Aand to the right of Crespectively as shown in Fig. 15.23 (6). The support moments at*
and C,are zero.
Let M, =Support moment at A, and C, and it is zero
M, = Fixing moment at A
Mp= Support moment at B
672
 BEAMS
FIXED AND CONTINUOUS

M= Fixing moment at C,
To find M,, Mg and Mç, theorem of three moments is used.
(a) Applying the theorem of three monents for the spansA,A and AB, we get
M, x0+ 2M, (0 +L)+ Mg. L=
Lo
12 KN
2kN/m
3m
B ,D
(a)

6 m 6 m

A,
2 KN/m |12 KN
(6) B C
Zero
Zero
span IRA IRe Rc span

(c) 9.0 18 9.75

5.25

B.M. diagram B D

5.625 5.625
(d)

6.375 6.375
S.F. diagram

Fig. 15.23

0+ 2M,(0 + 6) + M¡ x6 =0 + 6a,1
6
12M, +6M,= aj1 ...(E)
where a,x, = Moment of area of B.M. diagram due to u.d.l. on AB when it is
considered as simply supported beam about B.
2
x Base x Altitude x
2
2 6
x 6 x 9x = 108.

Substituting this value in equation (i), we get

12M, + 6M= 108
2M, +M_ = 18 ...(ü)
(6)Applying the theorem of three mnoments for the span AB and BC, we get

M,.L +2M,L,+L,) + Mçdy=6aj1

LË L

673
STRENGTH OF MATERIALS

6a,~6a,~p
M,x6+2M,(6 +6) +M. x6 = L 6

6M, +24M, +6M, = aj~, +a,, ..küiy

2 6
where aj~ =,x6x9 x = 108
azty = Moment of area ofB.M.diagram due topoint load on BC when it is
considered as simply supported beam about C
1
x6x 18 x 3 = 162
2
Substituting these values in equation (iii), we get
6M, + 24M, + 6M,,= 108 + 162 =270 ..(iv)
Or M +4Mp+ Mo= 45
the span BC and CC,, we get
(c)Now applying the theorem of three moments for
6a,0
MgLy +2ML, +0) +M, x 0 = L LÍ

M¡ x6 +2M(6 + 0) +0 = 6ag%2
6
+0
...u)
Or 6M, + 12MÇ= ag+,
on BC when it is considered
where ao = Moment of area of B.M.diagram due to point load
as simply supported beam about B
1
x 6x 18x 3 =162.
2
Substituting this value in equation (v), we get
6Mp + 12M,= 162 ...vi

Or M¡ + 2Mç= 27
Solving equations (iü), (iv)and (vi), we get
M, = 5.25 kNm, M,= 7.5 kNm
and M, =9.75kNm.
Now B.M. diagram due to support moments isdrawn as shown in Fig, 15.23 (c). The B.M
due to support moments is negative.
(üi) Support reactions
Let R,, Rp and Re are the support reactions at A, Band Crespectively.
For the span AB, taking moments about B, we get
M¡= Ra x 6-6 x 2 x 3 +M,
Or -7.5 = R, x 6-36 -5.25 (:: Mp and Ma arenegative
36 + 5.25-7.5
or 5.625 kN. Ans.
6
For the span BC,taking moments about B, we get
M =RÍ x 6- 12 x 3 +M negatiie
-7.5 = R x 6-369.75 (:: Mpand Mc are
36+9.75 -7.5 =
Rç= 6
6.375 kN. Ans.
674
 FIXED AND CONTINUOUS BEAMS

Now R, = Total load - (R, +Rç)

= (6 x 2 + 12) - (5.625 + 6.375) = 12 kN. Ans.
The S.F. is shown in Fig. 15.23 (d).
 i.e. X=0 /256 land
cross-section is loaded as shown in
Example 9-12. A continuous beam ABCD of uniform
Fig. 9-26. Find:
() Bending moments at the supports B and C; (ii) Reactions at the supports.
Draw B.M. and S.F. diagrams also.
 Chapter:9: Fixed and Continuous
.2 kN/m Beams 569
1kN/m -3 kN/m
B
6m D
12m 4m
(a) Loaded diagram

11.43 kNm 18 kNm

9 kNm
10.71 kNm
6 kNm

(b)B.M. diagram

7.91kN
5.94 kN
3.32 kN

4.09 kN
6.06 kN
8.68 kN
(c) S.F. diagram
Fig. 9.26
wl' 2x6
Solution. For span AB: Max B.M. = =9 kNm
8
lx122
For span BC: Max B.M. = 18 kNm
8
3x42
For span CD: Max, B.M. = =6 kNm

Applying three moments theorem for span AB and BC, we get

M x6+ 2M; (6 + 12) + 12Mc+ =0

where a = 12 2 24

and a,.r, = X w,l,

12 2 24
6x 2x6 6x1x 12
Or, 6MA+ 36M+ 12Mc+ 6x 24
=)
12× 24
Or, 6M, + 36M, + 12Mc+ 108 +432 = 0
But, M, =0
570 Strength of Materials
36M, + I2M,. = - 540
Or, M, +0-333M,. = -I5 ...(i)
Applying three moments theoren to spans BC and CD, we get
6x1x 124 6x3x4 =0
Myx12+ 2M (12 + 4) + My,x 4 + 12x 24 4x 24

12M,+ 32M + 4M, + 432+ 48 = 0

But, M, =0 .: M, +2-667 M =- 40 ..(ii)
From eqns. (i) and (ii), we get
M,=-10-71 kNm (Ans.)
and, M, =-11-43 kNm (Ans.)
(ü) Reactions at the supports:
Taking moments about B, we get
R+6+ M¡ - 2x6x=0
2
R, x6+ 11-43 - 36 =0 .. R, = 4-09 kN (Ans.)
Taking moments about C, we get
6 12
R x 18 + Rg x12 - 2x6x+12-Ix 12x 5 + 10-71=0
4-09 x 18 + 12R, - 180 - 72 + 10-7l =0 .. R, = 13-97 kN (Ans)
Taking moments about C for span CD, we get
4
Rp x4 +Me-3x4x=0
2
4R, + 10-71 24 =0 .. R, =3"32 kN (Ans.)
Also, R+ RgtRtR, =2 x6+1x 12+3x4
Or, 4-09 + 13.97 +R+3-32 = 12 + 12 + 12 .. R, = 14-62 kN (Ans.)
The B.M. and S.E diagrams are shown in Fig. 9-26.