M.Tech-ES (Regular) w.e.f.

2022-23 AY

JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY HYDERABAD

UNIVERISTY COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY HYDERABAD

M.TECH IN EMBEDDED SYSTEMS

EFFECTIVE FROM ACADEMIC YEAR 2022-23 ADMITTED BATCH

R22 COURSE STRUCTURE AND SYLLABUS

I YEAR I – SEMESTER
Sl.No Course Code Course Title L T P Credits
1 Professional Core - Embedded Systems Design
I 3 0 0 3
2 Professional Core - Embedded Programming 3 0 0 3
II
3 PE-1 Professional Elective - I 3 0 0 3
4 PE-2 Professional l Elective - II 3 0 0 3
5 Lab - I Embedded System Lab 0 0 4 2
6 Lab - II Embedded Programming Lab 0 0 4 2
7 Research Methodology & IPR 2 0 0 2
8 Audit C- I English for Research Paper Writing 2 0 0 0
Total 16 0 8 18

I YEAR II – SEMESTER

Sl.No Course Code Course Title L T P Credits

1 Professional Core - ARM Microcontrollers
III 3 0 0 3
Professional Core - Digital Control Systems
2 IV 3 0 0 3
Professional Elective - III 3 0 0 3
3 PE-3
Professional Elective - IV 3 0 0 3
4 PE-4
5 Lab - III FPGA Design Lab 0 0 4 2
6 Lab - IV ARM Microcontrollers Lab 0 0 4 2
7 Mini Project with Seminar 0 0 4 2
8 Audit C - II Value Education 2 0 0 0
Total 14 0 12 18
M.Tech-ES (Regular) w.e.f. 2022-23 AY

II YEAR I – SEMESTER

Sl.No Course Code Course L T P Credits

Title
Professional Elective - V 3 0 0 3
1 PE -5
2 Open Elective Open Elective 3 0 0 3
3 Dissertation Dissertation Work Review – II 0 0 12 6
Total Credits 6 0 12 12

II YEAR II – SEMESTER

Sl.No Course Code Course Title L T P Credits

1 Dissertation Dissertation Work Review - III 0 0 12 06
Dissertation Dissertation Viva-Voce 0 0 28 14
Total 0 0 40 20
M.Tech-ES (Regular) w.e.f. 2022-23 AY

Professional Elective 1

1. Digital System Design with FPGAs

2. Embedded Real Time Operating Systems
3. CMOS Digital Integrated Circuit Design

Professional Elective 2

1. Reliability Engineering
2. Intelligent Control
3. Sensors and Actuators
4. Modern Control Theory

Professional Elective 3

1. Mobile Computing
2. Artificial Intelligence
3. Advanced Computer Networks

Professional Elective 4

1. Ad hoc and Wireless Sensor Networks

2. Communication and Networking Technologies for IOT
3. Design of Fault Tolerant Systems
4. Hardware and Software co-design

Professional Elective 5

1. Robotics
2. Embedded Networks
3. System Design aspects of IOT
4. ANN and Deep Learning

Open Elective

1. Principals of Signal Processing

M.Tech-ES (Regular) w.e.f. 2022-23 AY

EMBEDDED SYSTEMS DESIGN

M.Tech. I Year I-Semester L T P C

3 0 0 3

Prerequisite: Microprocessor and Microcontrollers

Course Objectives
1. To provide an overview of Design Principles of Embedded System.
2. To provide clear understanding about the role of firmware, operating systems in correlation with
hardware systems.

Course Outcomes
1. Expected to understand the selection procedure of Processors in the Embedded domain.
2. Design Procedure for Embedded Firmware.
3. Expected to visualize the role of Real time Operating Systems in Embedded Systems
4. Expected to evaluate the Correlation between task synchronization and latency issues

UNIT I
Introduction to Embedded Systems
Definition of Embedded System, Embedded Systems Vs General Computing Systems, History of
Embedded Systems, Classification, Major Application Areas, Purpose of Embedded Systems,
Characteristics and Quality Attributes of Embedded Systems.

UNIT II
Typical Embedded System
Core of the Embedded System: General Purpose and Domain Specific Processors, ASICs, PLDs,
Commercial Off-The-Shelf Components (COTS), Memory: ROM, RAM, Memory according to the type
of Interface, Memory Shadowing, Memory selection for Embedded Systems, Sensors and Actuators,
Communication Interface: Onboard and External Communication Interfaces.

UNIT II I
Embedded Firmware
Reset Circuit, Brown-out Protection Circuit, Oscillator Unit, Real Time Clock, Watchdog Timer,
Embedded Firmware Design Approaches and Development Languages.

UNIT IV
RTOS Based Embedded System Design
Operating System Basics, Types of Operating Systems, Tasks, Process and Threads,
Multiprocessing and Multitasking, Task Scheduling.
M.Tech-ES (Regular) w.e.f. 2022-23 AY

UNIT V
Task Communication
Shared Memory, Message Passing, Remote Procedure Call and Sockets, Task Synchronization: Task
Communication/Synchronization Issues, Task Synchronization Techniques, Device Drivers, How to
Choose an RTOS.

TEXTBOOKS

1. Introduction to Embedded Systems - Shibu K.V, Mc Graw Hill.

REFERENCES
1. Embedded Systems - Raj Kamal, TMH.
2. Embedded System Design - Frank Vahid, Tony Givargis, John Wiley.
3. Embedded Systems – Lyla, Pearson, 2013
4. An Embedded Software Primer - David E. Simon, Pearson Education.
M.Tech-ES (Regular) w.e.f. 2022-23 AY

EMBEDDED PROGRAMMING

M.Tech. I Year I-Semester L T P C

3 0 0 3

Prerequisite: C Language Programs

Course Objectives
1. To explore the difference between general purpose programming languages and Embedded
Programming Language.
2. To provide case studies for programming in Embedded systems.

Course Outcomes
1. Expected to learn the basics of Embedded C with reference to 8051.
2. Understand how to handle control and data pins at hardware level.
3. Capable of introducing into objective nature of Embedded C.
4. Understand the specifications of real time embedded programming with case studies.

UNIT I
Programming Embedded Systems in C
Introduction ,What is an embedded system, Which processor should you use, Which programming
language should you use, Which operating system should you use, How do you develop embedded
software, Conclusions
Introducing the 8051 Microcontroller Family
Introduction, What’s in a name, The external interface of the Standard 8051, Reset requirements ,Clock
frequency and performance, Memory issues, I/O pins, Timers, Interrupts, Serial interface, Power
consumption ,Conclusions

UNIT II
Reading Switches
Introduction, Basic techniques for reading from port pins, Example: Reading and writing bytes,
Example: Reading and writing bits (simple version), Example: Reading and writing bits (generic
version), The need for pull-up resistors, Dealing with switch bounce, Example: Reading switch inputs
(basic code), Example: Counting goats, Conclusions

UNIT II I
Adding Structure to your Code
Introduction, Object-oriented programming with C, The Project Header (MAIN.H), The Port Header
(PORT.H), Example: Restructuring the ‘Hello Embedded World’ example, Example: Restructuring the
goat-counting example, Further examples, Conclusions

UNIT IV
Meeting Real-Time Constraints
Introduction, Creating ‘hardware delays’ using Timer 0 and Timer 1, Example: Generating a precise 50
ms delay, Example: Creating a portable hardware delay, Why not use Timer 2?, The need for ‘timeout’
M.Tech-ES (Regular) w.e.f. 2022-23 AY

mechanisms, Creating loop timeouts, Example: Testing loop timeouts, Example: A more reliable switch
interface, Creating hardware timeouts, Example: Testing a hardware timeout, Conclusions

UNIT V
Case Study
Intruder Alarm System-Introduction, the software architecture, Key software components used in this
example, running the program, the software, Conclusions

TEXTBOOKS

1. Embedded C by Michael J. Pont, A Pearson Education

REFERENCES

1. PICmicro MCU C-An introduction to programming, The Microchip PIC in CCS C By Nigel
Gardner
M.Tech-ES (Regular) w.e.f. 2022-23 AY

DIGITAL SYSTEM DESIGN WITH FPGA

(PE-1)
M.Tech. I Year I-Semester L T P C

3 0 0 3

Prerequisite: Switching Theory and Logic Design

Course Objectives
1 To provide extended knowledge of digital logic circuits in the form of state model approach.
2 To provide an overview of system design approach using programmable logic devices.
3 To provide and understand of fault models and test methods.
4 To get exposed to the various architectural features of CPLDS and FPGAS.
5 To learn the methods and techniques of CPLD & FPGA design with EDA tools.
6 To expose software tools used for design process with the help of case studies.
Course Outcomes
1 To understands the minimization of Finite state machine.
2 To exposes the design approaches using ROM’s, PAL’s and PLA’s.
3 To provide in depth understanding of Fault models.
4 To understands test pattern generation techniques for fault detection.
5 To design fault diagnosis in sequential circuits.
6 To provide exposure to various CPLDS and FPGAS available in market.
7 To acquire knowledge in one hot state machine design applicable to FPGA.
8 To get exposure to EDA tools.
9 To provide understanding in the design of flow using case studies.

UNIT I
Programmable Logic Devices
The concept of programmable Logic Devices, SPLDs, PAL devices, PLA devices, GAL devices, CPLD-
Architecture, Xilinx CPLDs- Altera CPLDs, FPGAs-FPGA technology, architecture, virtex CLB and
slice- Stratix LAB and ALM-RAM Blocks, DSP Blocks, Clock Management, I/O standards, Additional
features. [TEXTBOOK-1]
UNIT II
Analysis and derivation of clocked sequential circuits with state graphs and tables
A sequential parity checker, Analysis by signal tracing and timing charts-state tables and graphs-general
models for sequential circuits, Design of a sequence detector, More Complex design problems,
Guidelines for construction of state graphs, serial data conversion, Alphanumeric state graph notation.
[TEXTBOOK-2]
UNIT II I
Sequential circuit Design
Design procedure for sequential circuits-design example, Code converter, Design of Iterative circuits,
Design of a comparator, Design of sequential circuits using ROMs and PLAs, Sequential circuit design
using CPLDs, Sequential circuit design using FPGAs, Simulation and testing of Sequential circuits,
Overview of computer Aided Design. [TEXTBOOK-2
M.Tech-ES (Regular) w.e.f. 2022-23 AY

UNIT IV
Fault Modeling and Test Pattern Generation
Logic Fault Model, Fault detection & redundancy, Fault equivalence and fault location, Fault
dominance, Single stuck at fault model, multiple Stuck at Fault models, Bridging Fault model.
Fault diagnosis of combinational circuits by conventional methods, path sensitization techniques,
Boolean difference method, KOHAVI algorithm, Test algorithms-D algorithm, Random testing,
transition count testing, signature analysis and test bridging faults. [TEXTBOOK-3 & Ref.1]

UNIT V
Fault Diagnosis in sequential circuits
Circuit Test Approach, Transition check Approach, State identification and fault detection experiment,
Machine identification, Design of fault detection experiment. [Ref.1]

TEXTBOOKS
1. Digital Electronics and design with VHDL- Volnei A. Pedroni, Elsevier publications.
2. Fundamentals of Logic Design-Charles H.Roth,Jr. -5th Ed.,Cengage Learning.
3. Logic Design Theory-N.N.Biswas,PHI

REFERENCES
1. Digital Circuits and Logic Design-Samuel C.LEE,PHI 2008
2. Digital System Design using programmable logic devices- Parag K.Lala, BS publications.
M.Tech-ES (Regular) w.e.f. 2022-23 AY

EMBEDDED REAL TIME OPERATING SYSTEMS

(PE–1)
M.Tech. I Year I-Semester L T P C

3 0 0 3

Prerequisite: Computer Organization and Operating System

Course Objectives
The objectives of this course are:
1. To provide broad understanding of the requirements of Real Time Operating Systems.
2. To make the student understand, applications of these Real Time features using case studies.

Course Outcomes
1. Be able to explain real-time concepts such as preemptive multitasking, task priorities, priority
inversions, mutual exclusion, context switching, and synchronization, interrupt latency and response
time, and semaphores.
2. Able explain how tasks are managed.
3. Able to explain how the real-time operating system implements time management.
4. Be able to work with real time operating systems like RT Linux, Vx Works, MicroC /OS- II, Tiny
OS.

UNIT – I
Introduction: Introduction to UNIX/LINUX, Overview of Commands, File I/O,( open, create, close,
lseek, read, write), Process Control ( fork, vfork, exit, wait, waitpid, exec).

UNIT – II
Real Time Operating Systems: Brief History of OS, Defining RTOS, The Scheduler, Objects,
Services, Characteristics of RTOS, Defining a Task, asks States and Scheduling, Task Operations,
Structure, Synchronization, Communication and Concurrency.
Defining Semaphores, Operations and Use, Defining Message Queue, States, Content, Storage,
Operations and Use

UNIT – III
Objects, Services and I/O: Pipes, Event Registers, Signals, Other Building Blocks, Component
Configuration, Basic I/O Concepts, I/O Subsystem

UNIT – IV
Exceptions, Interrupts and Timers: Exceptions, Interrupts, Applications, Processing of Exceptions
and Spurious Interrupts, Real Time Clocks, Programmable Timers, Timer Interrupt Service Routines
(ISR), Soft Timers, Operations.

UNIT – V
Case Studies of RTOS: RT Linux, Free RTOS, Vx Works, Embedded Linux, Xenomai OS.
M.Tech-ES (Regular) w.e.f. 2022-23 AY

TEXT BOOKS

1. Real Time Concepts for Embedded Systems – Qing Li, Elsevier, 2011

REFERENCES

1. Embedded Systems- Architecture, Programming and Design by Rajkamal, 2007, TMH.

2. Advanced UNIX Programming, Richard Stevens
3. Embedded Linux: Hardware, Software and Interfacing – Dr. Craig Hollabaugh
M.Tech-ES (Regular) w.e.f. 2022-23 AY

CMOS DIGITAL INTEGRATED CIRCUIT DESIGN

(PE-1)
M.Tech. I Year I-Semester L T P C

3 0 0 3

UNIT I
MOS Design: Pseudo NMOS logic- Inverter, Inverter threshold voltage, output high voltage, Output
low voltage, gain at gate threshold voltage, transient response, rise time, fall time, pseudo NMOS logic
gates, transistor equivalency, CMOS inverter logic.

UNIT II
Combinational MOS logic circuits
MOS logic circuits with NMOS loads, Primitive CMOS logic gates- NOR and NAND gates, Complex
logic circuits design- realizing Boolean expressions using NMOS gates and CMOS gates, AOI and OIA
gates, CMOS full-adder, cmos transmission gates, designing with transmission gates.

UNIT II I
Sequential MOS logic circuits
Behavior of bistable elements, SR Latch, Clocked Latch and Flip-flop circuits, CMOS D Latch and edge
triggered flip-flop.

UNIT IV
Dynamic Logic Circuits
Basic principle, Voltage Bootstrapping, Synchronous dynamic pass transistor circuits, Dynamic CMOS
transmission gate logic, high performance dynamic CMOS circuits.

UNIT V
Semiconductor Memories
Types, RAM array Organization, DRAM- types, operation, leakage currents in DRAM cell and refresh
operation, SRAM - operation , leakage currents in SRAM cells, Flash memory- NOR flash and NAND
flash.

TEXTBOOKS
1. Digital Integrated Circuit Design- Ken Martin, Oxford University Press, 2011.
2. CMOS Digital Integrated Circuit Analysis and Design – Sung Mo Kang, Yusuf Leblebici, TMH,
3rd Ed., 2011.

REFERENCES

1. Introduction to VLSI Systems: A Logic, Circuit and System Perspective- Ming Bo Lin, CRC
Press, 2011
2. Digital Integrated Circuits: A Designs Perspective - Jan M. Rabaey, Anantha Chandrakasan,
Borivoje Nikolic, 2nd Ed., PHI.
M.Tech-ES (Regular) w.e.f. 2022-23 AY

RELIABILITY ENGINEERING
(PE-2)
M.Tech. I Year I-Semester L T P C

3 0 0 3

Prerequisite: None

Course Objectives
1. To comprehend the concept of Reliability and Unreliability
2. Derive the expressions for probability of failure, Expected value and standard deviation of
Binominal distribution, Poisson distribution, normal distribution and weibull distributions.
3. Formulating expressions for Reliability analysis of series-parallel and Non-series parallel systems
4. Deriving expressions for Time dependent and Limiting State Probabilities using Markov models.

Course Outcomes
Upon the completion of this course, the student will be able to
1. Apply fundamental knowledge of Reliability to modeling and analysis of series-
parallel and Non-series parallel systems.
2. Solve some practical problems related with Generation, Transmission and Utilization of Electrical
Energy.
3. Understand or become aware of various failures, causes of failures and remedies for failures in
practical systems.

Unit I
Rules for combining probabilities of events, Definition of Reliability. Significance of the terms
appearing in the definition. Probability distributions: Random variables, probability density and
distribution functions. Mathematical expectation, Binominal distribution, Poisson distribution, normal
distribution, weibull distribution.

UNIT II
Hazard rate, derivation of the reliability function in terms of the hazard rate. Failures: Causes of failures,
types of failures (early failures, chance failures and wear-out failures). Bath tub curve. Preventive and
corrective maintenance. Modes of failure. Measures of reliability: mean time to failure and mean time
between failures.

UNIT II I
Classification of engineering systems: series, parallel and series-parallel systems- Expressions for the
reliability of the basic configurations.
Reliability evaluation of Non-series-parallel configurations: Decomposition, Path based and cutest based
methods, Deduction of the Paths and cut sets from Event tree.

UNIT IV
Discrete Markov Chains: General modeling concepts, stochastic transitional probability matrix, time
dependent probability evaluation and limiting state probability evaluation of one component repairable
model. Absorbing states.
Continuous Markov Processes: Modeling concepts, State space diagrams, Stochastic Transitional
Probability Matrix, Evaluating time dependent and limiting state Probabilities of one component
repairable model. Evaluation of Limiting state probabilities of two component repairable model.
M.Tech-ES (Regular) w.e.f. 2022-23 AY

UNIT V
Approximate system Reliability analysis of Series systems, parallel systems with two and more than two
components, Network reduction techniques. Minimal cutest/failure mode approach.

TEXTBOOKS

1. “Reliability evaluation of Engineering systems”, Roy Billinton and Ronald N Allan, BS

Publications.
2. “Reliability Engineering”, Elsayed A. Elsayed, Prentice Hall Publications.

REFERENCES

1. “Reliability Engineering: Theory and Practice”, By Alessandro Birolini, Springer Publications.

2. “An Introduction to Reliability and Maintainability Engineering”, Charles Ebeling, TMH
Publications.
3. “Reliability Engineering”, E. Balaguruswamy, TMH Publications.
M.Tech-ES (Regular) w.e.f. 2022-23 AY

INTELLIGENT CONTROL
(PE-2)
M.Tech. I Year I-Semester L T P C

3 0 0 3

Prerequisite: None

Course Objectives
1. Gaining an understanding of the functional operation of a variety of intelligent control techniques
and their bio-foundations
2. The study of control-theoretic foundations
3. Learning analytical approaches to study properties

Course Outcomes
Upon the completion of this course, the student will be able to
1. Develop Neural Networks, Fuzzy Logic and Genetic algorithms.
2. Implement soft computing to solve real-world problems mainly pertaining to control system
applications

Unit I
Introduction and motivation. Approaches to intelligent control. Architecture for intelligent control.
Symbolic reasoning system, rule-based systems, the AI approach. Knowledge representation. Expert
systems.

UNIT II
Concept of Artificial Neural Networks and its basic mathematical model, McCulloch-Pitts neuron
model, simple perceptron, Adaline and Madaline, Feedforward Multilayer Perceptron. Learning and
Training the neural network. Data Processing: Scaling, Fourier transformation, principal-component
analysis.

UNIT II I
Networks: Hopfield network, Self-organizing network and Recurrent network. Neural Network based
controller Case studies: Identification and control of linear and nonlinear dynamic systems using
Matlab-Neural Network toolbox. Stability analysis of Neural-Network interconnection systems.

UNIT IV
Genetic Algorithm: Basic concept of Genetic algorithm and detail algorithmic steps, adjustment of free
parameters. Solution of typical control problems using genetic algorithm. Concept on some other search
techniques like tabu search and ant-colony search techniques for solving optimization problems.

UNIT V
Introduction to crisp sets and fuzzy sets, basic fuzzy set operation and approximate reasoning.
Introduction to fuzzy logic modeling and control. Fuzzification, inferencing and defuzzification. Fuzzy
knowledge and rule bases. Fuzzy modeling and control schemes for nonlinear systems. Fuzzy logic
control for nonlinear time-delay system. Implementation of fuzzy logic controller using Matlab fuzzy-
logic toolbox. Stability analysis of fuzzy control systems.
R22 M.Tech. DIGITAL SYSTEMS AND COMPUTER ELECTRONICS JNTUH

TEXTBOOKS
1. Simon Haykins, Neural Networks: A comprehensive Foundation, Pearson Edition, 2003.
2. T.J.Ross, Fuzzy logic with Fuzzy Applications, Mc Graw Hill Inc, 1997.
3. David E Goldberg, Genetic Algorithms.
4. John Yen and Reza Langari, Fuzzy logic Intelligence, Control, and Information, Pearson
Education,Indian Edition, 2003.

REFERENCES
1. M.T.Hagan, H. B. Demuth and M. Beale, Neural Network Design, Indian reprint, 2008.
2. Fredric M.Ham and Ivica Kostanic, Principles of Neurocomputing for science and
Engineering,McGraw Hill, 2001.
3. N.K. Bose and P.Liang, Neural Network Fundamentals with Graphs, Algorithms and
Applications,Mc - Graw Hill, Inc. 1996.
4. Yung C. Shin and Chengying Xu, Intelligent System - Modeling, Optimization and
Control, CRCPress, 2009.
5. N.K.Sinha and Madan M Gupta, Soft computing & Intelligent Systems - Theory &
Applications,Indian Edition, Elsevier, 2007.
6. Witold Pedrycz, Fuzzy Control and Fuzzy Systms, Overseas Press, Indian Edition, 2008
R22 M.Tech. DIGITAL SYSTEMS AND COMPUTER ELECTRONICS JNTUH

SENSORS AND ACTUATORS

(PE–2)
M.Tech. I Year I-Semester L T P C

3 0 0 3
Prerequisite: None

Course Objectives
1. To Learn about Electro mechanical sensors.
2. To Learn the use of the thermal sensors and magnetic sensors for embedded system.
3. To learn the basics of radiation sensors, smart sensors and actuators.

Course Outcomes
1. Students will gain knowledge to interface various sensors and actuators in embedded
applications.

UNIT I
Sensors/Transducers
Principles – Classification – Parameters – Characteristics - Environmental Parameters
(EP) –Characterization.
Mechanical and Electromechanical Sensors
Introduction – Resistive Potentiometer – Strain Gauge – Resistance Strain Gauge –
Semiconductor Strain Gauges -Inductive Sensors: Sensitivity and Linearity of the Sensor –
Types-Capacitive Sensors:– Electrostatic Transducer– Force/Stress Sensors Using Quartz
Resonators – Ultrasonic Sensors, Humidity Sensors.

UNIT II
Thermal Sensors
Introduction – Gas thermometric Sensors – Thermal Expansion Type Thermometric Sensors
– Acoustic Temperature Sensor – Dielectric Constant and Refractive Index thermosensors –
Helium Low Temperature Thermometer – Nuclear Thermometer – Magnetic Thermometer –
Resistance Change Type Thermometric Sensors –Thermoemf Sensors– Junction
Semiconductor Types– Thermal Radiation Sensors –Quartz Crystal Thermoelectric Sensors –
NQR Thermometry – Spectroscopic Thermometry – Noise Thermometry – Heat Flux
Sensors, IR Sensors.
Magnetic sensors
Introduction – Sensors and the Principles Behind – Magneto-resistive Sensors – Anisotropic
Magnetoresistive Sensing – Semiconductor Magnetoresistors– Hall Effect and Sensors –
Inductance and Eddy Current Sensors– Angular/Rotary Movement Transducers – Synchros –
Synchro-resolvers - Eddy Current Sensors – Electromagnetic Flowmeter – Switching
Magnetic Sensors SQUID Sensors.

UNIT II I
Radiation Sensors
Introduction – Basic Characteristics – Types of Photosensistors/Photo detectors– X-ray
and NuclearRadiation Sensors– Fiber Optic Sensors.
Electro analytical Sensors
Introduction – The Electrochemical Cell – The Cell Potential - Standard Hydrogen
Electrode (SHE) –Liquid Junction and Other Potentials – Polarization – Concentration
Polarization-– Reference Electrodes
- Sensor Electrodes – Electro ceramics in Gas Media.
R22 M.Tech. DIGITAL SYSTEMS AND COMPUTER ELECTRONICS JNTUH

UNIT IV
Smart Sensors
Introduction – Primary Sensors – Excitation – Amplification – Filters – Converters –
Compensation– Information Coding/Processing - Data Communication – Standards for Smart
Sensor Interface – The Automation.
Sensors –Applications
Introduction – On-board Automobile Sensors (Automotive Sensors)– Home Appliance
Sensors – Aerospace Sensors –– Sensors for Manufacturing –Sensors for environmental
Monitoring.

UNIT V
Actuators
Pneumatic and Hydraulic Actuation Systems- Actuation systems – Pneumatic and hydraulic
systems -Directional Control valves – Presure control valves – Cylinders - Servo and
proportional control valves
– Process control valves – Rotary actuators.
Mechanical Actuation Systems- Types of motion – Kinematic chains – Cams – Gears –
Ratchet andpawl – Belt and chain drives – Bearings – Mechanical aspects of motor selection.
Electrical Actuation Systems-Electrical systems -Mechanical switches – Solid-state switches
Solenoids
– D.C. Motors – A.C. motors – Stepper motors.

TEXTBOOKS
1. Patranabis – “Sensors and Transducers” –PHI Learning Private Limited.
2. W. Bolton – “Mechatronics” –Pearson Education Limited.
R22 M.Tech. DIGITAL SYSTEMS AND COMPUTER ELECTRONICS JNTUH

MODERN CONTROL THEORY

(PE–2)
M.Tech. I Year I-Semester L T P C

3 0 0 3

Prerequisite: Control Systems

Course Objectives:
 To understand concepts Linear mathematical preliminaries and representation of multi-
input multi-output systems
 To understand concepts of modern control system.
 To understand the concepts of state variables analysis for LTIV systems.
 To understand the concepts of controllability and observability
 To expose the design aspects of state feedback controllers and observers
 To understand the concepts and analysis of non-linear systems.
 To understand the concepts of the stability for LTIV and non-linear systems

Course Outcomes: Upon completion of this course, students should be able to:
 Develop state space models for dynamical systems and real time systems.
 Find the analysis of dynamical systems.
 To test and analyze the dynamical systems for controllability and observability.
 Apply the concept of design state feedback controllers and observers to meet
desired specifications.
 Characterize and analyze the dynamical systems.
 Determine the stability of any given dynamical systems.

UNIT I: Mathematical Preliminaries and State Variable Analysis:

Fields, Vectors and Vector Spaces – Linear combinations and Bases – Linear
Transformations and Matrices – Scalar Product and Norms. The concept of state – State space
model of Dynamic systems – Time invariance and Linearity – Non uniqueness of state model
– State diagrams for Continuous-Time State models - Existence and Uniqueness of Solutions
to Continuous-Time State Equations – Solutions of Linear Time Invariant Continuous-Time
State Equations – State transition matrix and it’s properties. Complete solution of state space
model due to zero input and due to zero state.

UNIT II : Controllability and Observability:

General concept of controllability – Controllability tests, different state transformations such
as diagonalization, Jordon canonical forms and Controllability canonical forms for
Continuous-Time Invariant Systems – General concept of Observability – Observability tests
for Continuous-Time Invariant Systems – Observability of different State transformation
forms.

UNIT II I: State Feedback Controllers and Observers:

State feedback controller design through Pole Assignment, using Ackkermans formula– State
observers: Full order and Reduced order observers.
R22 M.Tech. DIGITAL SYSTEMS AND COMPUTER ELECTRONICS JNTUH

UNIT IV: Non-Linear Systems:

Introduction – Non Linear Systems - Types of Non-Linearities – Saturation – Dead-Zone -
Backlash – Jump Phenomenon etc; Linearization of nonlinear systems, Singular Points and its
types– Describing function–describing function of different types of nonlinear elements, –
Stability analysis of Non-Linear systems through describing functions. Introduction to phase-
plane analysis, Method of Isoclines for Constructing Trajectories, Stability analysis of
nonlinear systems based on phase-plane method.

UNIT V: Stability Analysis:

Stability in the sense of Lyapunov, Lyapunov’s stability and Lypanov’s instability theorems -
Stability Analysis of the Linear continuous time invariant systems by Lyapunov second
method – Generation of Lyapunov functions – Variable gradient method – Krasooviski’s
method.

TEXT BOOKS:
1. M.Gopal, Modern Control System Theory, New Age International - 1984
2. Ogata. K, Modern Control Engineering, Prentice Hall - 1997

REFERENCES:
1.N K Sinha, Control Systems, New Age International – 3rd edition.

2.Donald E.Kirk, Optimal Control Theory an Introduction, Prentice - Hall Network series -
First edition.
R22 M.Tech. DIGITAL SYSTEMS AND COMPUTER ELECTRONICS JNTUH

EMBEDDED SYSTEMS LABORATORY

M.Tech. I Year I-Semester L T P C

0 0 4 2
List of Experiments

1. Functional Testing Of Devices

Flashing the OS on to the device into a stable functional state by porting desktop
environmentwith necessary packages.
2. Exporting Display On To Other Systems
Making use of available laptop/desktop displays as a display for the device using SSH
client & X11 display server.
3. GPIO Programming
Programming of available GPIO pins of the corresponding device using native
programming language. Interfacing of I/O devices like LED/Switch etc., and testing the
functionality.
4. Interfacing a Bluetooth connector and control the Bluetooth operated devices(Test
on atleast two devices).
5. ON/OFF Control Based On Light Intensity
Using the light sensors, monitor the surrounding light intensity & automatically turn
ON/OFF the high intensity LED's by taking some pre-defined threshold light intensity
value.
6. Battery Voltage Range Indicator
Monitor the voltage level of the battery and indicating the same using multiple LED's
(for ex: for 3V battery and 3 led's, turn on 3 led's for 2-3V, 2 led's for 1-2V, 1 led for
0.1-1V & turn off all for 0V)
7. Dice Game Simulation
Instead of using the conventional dice, generate a random value similar to dice value
and display the same using a 16X2 LCD. A possible extension could be to provide the
user with option of selecting single or double dice game.
8. Displaying RSS News Feed On Display Interface
Displaying the RSS news feed headlines on a LCD display connected to device. This
can be adapted to other websites like twitter or other information websites. Python can
be used to acquire data from the internet.
9. Porting Openwrt To the Device
Attempt to use the device while connecting to a wifi network using a USB dongle and
at the same time providing a wireless access point to the dongle.
10. Hosting a website on Board
Building and hosting a simple website(static/dynamic) on the device and make it
accessible online. There is a need to install server(eg: Apache) and thereby host the
website.
11. Webcam Server
Interfacing the regular usb webcam with the device and turn it into fully functional IP
webcam & test the functionality.
12. FM Transmission
Transforming the device into a regular fm transmitter capable of transmitting audio at
desired frequency (generally 88-108 Mhz)

Note : Devices mentioned in the above lists include Arduino, Raspbery Pi, Beaglebone
R22 M.Tech. DIGITAL SYSTEMS AND COMPUTER ELECTRONICS JNTUH

EMBEDDED PROGRAMMING LABORATORY

M.Tech. I Year I-Semester L T P C

0 0 4 2

List of Programs:

1. Write a simple program to print “hello world”

2. Write a simple program to show a delay.
3. Write a loop application to copy values from P1 to P2
4. Write a c program for counting the no of times that a switch is pressed & released.
5. Illustrate the use of port header file (port M) using an interface consisting of a keypad
and liquidcrystal display.
6. Write a program to create a portable hardward delay.
7. Write a c program to test loop time outs.
8. Write a c program to test hardware based timeout loops.
9. Develop a simple EOS showing traffic light sequencing.
10. Write a program to display elapsed time over RS-232 link.
11. Write a program to drive SEOS using Timer 0.
12. Develop software for milk pasteurization system.

Mini Project

Develop & implement a program for intruder alarm system.

 R22 M.Tech. DIGITAL SYSTEMS AND COMPUTER ELECTRONICS JNTUH

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY AND IPR

M.Tech. I Year I-Semester L T P C

2 0 0 2
Course Objectives:

 To understand the research problem

 To know the literature studies, plagiarism and ethics
 To get the knowledge about technical writing
 To analyze the nature of intellectual property rights and new developments
 To know the patent rights
Course Outcomes: At the end of this course, students will be able to

 Understand research problem formulation.

 Analyze research related information
 Follow research ethics
 Understand that today’s world is controlled by Computer, Information Technology, but
tomorrow world will be ruled by ideas, concept, and creativity.
 Understanding that when IPR would take such important place in growth of individuals
& nation, it is needless to emphasis the need of information about Intellectual Property
Right to be promoted among students in general & engineering in particular.
 Understand that IPR protection provides an incentive to inventors for further research
work and investment in R & D, which leads to creation of new and better products, and
in turn brings about, economic growth and social benefits.
UNIT-I:

Meaning of research problem, Sources of research problem, Criteria Characteristics of a good

research problem, Errors in selecting a research problem, Scope and objectives of research
problem.

Approaches of investigation of solutions for research problem, data collection, analysis,

interpretation, Necessary instrumentations

UNIT-II:

Effective literature studies approaches, analysis, Plagiarism, Research ethics

UNIT-III:

Effective technical writing, how to write report, Paper Developing a Research Proposal, Format
of research proposal, a presentation and assessment by a review committee

UNIT-IV:

Nature of Intellectual Property: Patents, Designs, Trade and Copyright. Copyleft and Creative
Commons Licensing. Process of Patenting and Development: technological research,
innovation, patenting, development. International Scenario: International cooperation on
Intellectual Property. Procedure for grants of patents, Patenting under PCT.

UNIT-V:

Patent Rights: Scope of Patent Rights. Licensing and transfer of technology. Patent information
 R22 M.Tech. DIGITAL SYSTEMS AND COMPUTER ELECTRONICS JNTUH

and databases. Geographical Indications. New Developments in IPR: Administration of Patent

System. New developments in IPR; IPR of Biological Systems, Computer Software etc.
Traditional knowledge Case Studies, IPR and IITs.

TEXT BOOKS:

1. Stuart Melville and Wayne Goddard, “Research methodology: an introduction for science &
engineering students’”

2. Wayne Goddard and Stuart Melville, “Research Methodology: An Introduction”

REFERENCES:

1. Ranjit Kumar, 2nd Edition , “Research Methodology: A Step by Step Guide for beginners”
2. Halbert, “Resisting Intellectual Property”, Taylor & Francis Ltd ,2007.
3. Mayall , “Industrial Design”, McGraw Hill, 1992.
4. Niebel , “Product Design”, McGraw Hill, 1974.
5. Asimov , “Introduction to Design”, Prentice Hall, 1962.
6. Robert P. Merges, Peter S. Menell, Mark A. Lemley, “ Intellectual Property in New
Technological Age”, 2016.
7. T. Ramappa, “Intellectual Property Rights Under WTO”, S. Chand, 2008
 R22 M.Tech. DIGITAL SYSTEMS AND COMPUTER ELECTRONICS JNTUH

ENGLISH FOR RESEARCH PAPER WRITING

(AUDIT COURSE-I)

M.Tech. I Year I-Semester L T P C

2 0 0 0
Course Objectives: To help students:

1. Understand the essentials of writing skills and their level of readability

2. Learn about what to write in each section

3. Ensure qualitative presentation with linguistic accuracy.

Course Outcomes: Students will be able to:

1. Understand writing skills and level of readability

2. Write title, abstract, different sections in research paper

3. Develop the skills needed while writing a research paper

Syllabus

UNIT 1 Overview of a Research Paper- Planning and Preparation- Word Order- Useful
Phrases - Breaking up Long Sentences-Structuring Paragraphs and Sentences -Being Concise
and Removing Redundancy -Avoiding Ambiguity

UNIT 2 Essential Components of a Research Paper- Abstracts- Building Hypothesis-

Research Problem - Highlight Findings- Hedging and Criticizing, Paraphrasing and Plagiarism,
Chapterisation

UNIT 3 Introducing Review of the Literature – Methodology - Analysis of the Data-Findings

- Discussion- Conclusions-Recommendations.

UNIT 4 Key skills needed for writing a Title, Abstract, and Introduction

UNIT 5 Appropriate language to formulate Methodology, incorporate Results, put forth

Arguments and draw Conclusions

Suggested Reading:

1. Goldbort R (2006) Writing for Science, Yale University Press (available on Google Books)
Model Curriculum of Engineering & Technology PG Courses [Volume-I]
2. Day R (2006) How to Write and Publish a Scientific Paper, Cambridge University Press
3. Highman N (1998), Handbook of Writing for the Mathematical Sciences, SIAM.
Highman’sbook .
4. Adrian Wallwork , English for Writing Research Papers, Springer New York Dordrecht
Heidelberg London, 2011
R22 M.Tech. DIGITAL SYSTEMS AND COMPUTER ELECTRONICS JNTUH

ARM MICROCONTROLLERS

M.Tech. I Year II-Semester L T P C

3 0 0 3

Prerequisite: Microprocessors and Microcontrollers

Course Objectives:
1. Explore the architecture and instruction set of ARM processor.
2. To provide a comprehensive understanding of various programs of ARM Processors.
3. Learn the programming on ARM Cortex M.

Course Outcomes: After completing this course the student will be able to:

1. Explore the selection criteria of ARM processors by understanding the functional level
trade offissues.
2. Explore the ARM development towards the functional capabilities.
3. Work with ASM level program using the instruction set.
4. Programming the ARM Cortex M.

UNIT -I

ARM Embedded Systems:RISC design philosophy, ARM design philosophy, Embedded

system hardware, Embedded system software.
ARM Processor Fundamentals:Registers, Current Program Status Register, Pipeline,
Exceptions Interrupts and Vector Table, Core Extensions, Architecture Revisions, ARM
Processor Families.
Architecture of ARM Processors:Introduction to the architecture, Programmer’s model-
operation modes and states, registers, special registers, floating point registers, Behaviour of
the application program status register(APSR)-Integer status flags, Q status flag, GE bits,
Memory system-Memory system features, memory map, stack memory, memory protection
unit (MPU), Exceptions and Interrupts-what are exceptions?, nested vectored interrupt
controller(NVIC), vector table, Fault handling, System control block (SCB), Debug, Reset
and reset sequence.

UNIT -II

Introduction to the Arm Instruction Set :Data processing instructions, branch instructions,
load-store instructions, software interrupt instructions, program status register instructions,
loading constants, ARMv5E extensions, Conditional execution.
Introduction to the Thumb Instruction Set:Thumb Register Usage, ARM-Thumb
Interworking, Other Branch Instructions, Data Processing Instructions, Single-Register Load-
Store Instructions, Multiple- Register Load-Store Instructions, Stack Instructions, Software
Interrupt Instruction.

UNIT -III

Technical Details of ARM Cortex M Processors General information about Cortex-M3 and
cortex M4 processors-Processor type, processor architecture, instruction set, block diagram,
memory system, interrupt and exception support, Features of the cortex-M3 and Cortex-M4
R22 M.Tech. DIGITAL SYSTEMS AND COMPUTER ELECTRONICS JNTUH

Processors-Performance, code density, low power, memory system, memory protection unit,
interrupt handling, OS support and system level features, Cortex-M4 specific features, Ease
of use, Debug support, Scalability, Compatibility.

UNIT -IV
Instruction SET of ARM Cortex M Background to the instruction set in ARM Cortex-M
Processors, Comparison of the instruction set in ARM Cortex-M Processors, understanding
the assembly language syntax, Use of a suffix in instructions, Unified assembly Language
(UAL), Instruction set, Cortex-M4- specific instructions, Barrel shifter, Accessing special
instructions and special registers in Programming.
UNIT -V
Floating Point Operations About Floating Point Data,Cortex-M4 Floating Point Unit
(FPU)- overview, FP registers overview, CPACR register, Floating point register bank,
FPSCR, FPU->FPCCR, FPU-> FPCAR, FPU->FPDSCR, FPU->MVFR0, FPU->MVFR1.
ARM Cortex-M4 and DSP Applications: DSP
on a microcontroller, Dot Product example, writing optimized DSP code for the CortexM4-
Biquad filter, Fast Fourier transform, FIR filter.

TEXT BOOKS:
1. ARM System Developer’s Guide Designing and Optimizing System Software by
Andrew N. SLOSS, Dominic SYMES, Chris WRIGHT, Elsevier Publications, 2004.
2. The Definitive Guide to ARM Cortex-M3 and Cortex-M4 Processors by Joseph
Yiu, ElsevierPublications, 3rd Ed.,

REFERENCE BOOKS:
1. Arm System on Chip Architectures – Steve Furber, Edison Wesley, 2000.
2. ARM Architecture Reference Manual – David Seal, Edison Wesley, 2000.
 R22 M.Tech. DIGITAL SYSTEMS AND COMPUTER ELECTRONICS JNTUH

DIGITAL CONTROL SYSTEMS

M.Tech. I Year II-Semester L T P C

3 0 0 3
Prerequisite: Control Systems

Course Objectives:
 To understand the fundamentals of digital control systems representations, z-transforms
 To understand analysis of discrete complex domain: Z-Transforms
 To understand the concepts of state variables analysis for discrete LTIV systems.
 To understand the concepts of controllability and observability of discrete time systems
 To get exposed the design aspects of controllers and for discrete time systems
 To understand the concepts of the stability for discrete LTIV systems
 To understand the design aspects of observers for discrete time systems.
Course Outcomes: At the end of this course, students will demonstrate the ability to

 Obtain discrete representation of LTI systems.

 Find the state space analysis of discrete time systems.
 Test and analyze the controllability and observability for discrete time systems
 Analyze stability of discrete time systems using various methods
 Design and analyze digital controllers.
 Design state feedback controllers and observers.

UNIT-I: REPRESENTATION OF DISCRETE TIME SYSTEMS

Basics of Digital Control Systems. Discrete representation of continuous systems. Sample and hold
circuit. Mathematical Modeling of sample and hold circuit. Effects of Sampling and Quantization.
Choice of sampling frequency. ZOH equivalent.
Z-Transforms, Mapping from s-plane to z plane, Properties of Z-Transforms and Inverse Z Transforms.
Pulse Transfer function: Pulse transfer function of closed loop systems. Solution of Discrete time
systems. Time response of discrete time system, Steady State errors.

UNIT-II: DISCRETE TIME STATE SPACE ANALYSIS

State space representation of discrete time systems, Conversion of pulse transfer function to state space
models and vice-versa, Solving discrete time state space equations, State Transition Matrix, Pulse
Transfer Function Matrix. Discretization of continuous time state space equations. Concept of
Controllability, stabilizability, observability, reachability – Controllability and observability tests. Effect
of pole zero cancellation on the controllability & observability.

UNIT-III: STABILITY ANALYSIS OF DISCRETE TIME SYSTEM

Concept of stability in z-domain, Stability analysis discrete time system: by Jury test, using bilinear
transformation. Stability Analysis of discrete time systems using Lyapunov methods.

UNIT-IV: DESIGN OF DIGITAL CONTROL SYSTEM BY CONVENTIONAL METHODS

Design and realization of digital PID Controller, Design of discrete time controllers with bilinear
transformation, Design of digital control system with dead beat response, Practical issues with dead beat
response design.
 R22 M.Tech. DIGITAL SYSTEMS AND COMPUTER ELECTRONICS JNTUH

UNIT-V: DEISGN STATE FEEDBACK CONTROLLERS AND OBSERVERS

Design of discrete state feedback controllers through pole placement, Design of Discrete Observer for
LTI System: Design of full order and reduced observers, Design of observer-based controllers.

TEXT BOOKS:
1. K. Ogata, “Digital Control Engineering”, Prentice Hall, Englewood Cliffs, 1995.
2. M. Gopal, “Digital Control Engineering”, Wiley Eastern, 1988.
3. V, I, George and C. P. Kurian, Digital Control Systems, CENGAGE Learning, 2012
REFERENCES:
1. G. F. Franklin, J. D. Powell and M. L. Workman, “Digital Control of Dynamic Systems”,
Addison-Wesley, 1998.
2. B.C. Kuo, “Digital Control System”, Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 1980.
R22 M.Tech. DIGITAL SYSTEMS AND COMPUTER ELECTRONICS JNTUH

MOBILE COMPUTING
(PE-3)

M.Tech. I Year II-Semester L T P C

3 0 0 3
Prerequisites: Computer Networks, Advanced Operating Systems

Course Objectives
1. To make the student understand the concept of mobile computing paradigm, its novel applications
and limitations.
2. To understand the typical mobile networking infrastructure through a popular GSM protocol
3. To understand the issues and solutions of various layers of mobile networks, namely MAC layer,
Network Layer & Transport Layer
4. To understand the database issues in mobile environments & data delivery models.
5. To understand the ad hoc networks and related concepts.
6. To understand the platforms and protocols used in mobile environment.

Course Outcomes
1. Able to think and develop new mobile application.
2. Able to take any new technical issue related to this new paradigm and come up with a solution(s).
3. Able to develop new ad hoc network applications and/or algorithms/protocols.
4. Able to understand & develop any existing or new protocol related to mobile environment

UNIT I
Introduction
Mobile Communications, Mobile Computing – Paradigm, Promises/Novel Applications and
Impediments and Architecture; Mobile and Handheld Devices, Limitations of Mobile and Handheld
Devices.GSM – Services, System Architecture, Radio Interfaces, Protocols, Localization, Calling,
Handover, Security, New Data Services, GPRS, CSHSD, DECT.

UNIT II
(Wireless) Medium Access Control (MAC)
Motivation for a specialized MAC (Hidden and exposed terminals, Near and far terminals), SDMA,
FDMA, TDMA, CDMA, Wireless LAN/(IEEE 802.11)
Mobile Network Layer
IP and Mobile IP Network Layers, Packet Delivery and Handover Management, Location Management,
Registration, Tunneling and Encapsulation, Route Optimization, DHCP.

UNIT III
Mobile Transport Layer
Conventional TCP/IP Protocols, Indirect TCP, Snooping TCP, Mobile TCP, Other Transport Layer
Protocols for Mobile Networks.
Database Issues
Database Hoarding & Caching Techniques, Client-Server Computing & Adaptation, Transactional
Models, Query processing, Data Recovery Process & QoS Issues.
R22 M.Tech. DIGITAL SYSTEMS AND COMPUTER ELECTRONICS JNTUH

UNIT IV
Data Dissemination and Synchronization

Communications Asymmetry, Classification of Data Delivery Mechanisms, Data Dissemination,

Broadcast Models, Selective Tuning and Indexing Methods, Data Synchronization – Introduction,
Software, and Protocols

UNIT V
Mobile Ad hoc Networks (MANETs)
Introduction, Applications & Challenges of a MANET, Routing, Classification of Routing Algorithms,
Algorithms such as DSR, AODV, DSDV, Mobile Agents, Service Discovery.

Protocols and Platforms for Mobile Computing

WAP, Bluetooth, XML, J2ME, JavaCard, PalmOS, Windows CE, Symbian OS, Linux for Mobile
Devices, Android.

TEXTBOOKS
1. Jochen Schiller, “Mobile Communications”, Addison-Wesley, Second Edition, 2009.
2. Raj Kamal, “Mobile Computing”, Oxford University Press, 2007, ISBN: 0195686772

REFERENCES
1. The CDMA 2000 System for Mobile Communications – Vieri Vaughi, Alexander Damn Jaonvic –
Pearson.
2. Adalestein - Fundamentals of Mobile & Parvasive Computing, 2008, TMH.
R22 M.Tech. DIGITAL SYSTEMS AND COMPUTER ELECTRONICS JNTUH

ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
(PE-3)
M.Tech. I Year II-Semester L T P C

3 0 0 3

Prerequisite

Course Objectives
1. To learn the difference between optimal reasoning vs human like reasoning
2. To understand the notions of state space representation, exhaustive search, heuristic search along
with the time and space complexities
3. To learn different knowledge representation techniques
4. To understand the applications of Al: namely Game Playing, Theorem Proving, Expert Systems,
Machine Learning and Natural. Language Processing

Course Outcomes
1. Possess the ability to formulate an efficient problem space for a problem expressed in English.
2. Possess the ability to select a search algorithm for a problem and characterize its time and space
complexities.
3. Possess the skill for representing knowledge using the appropriate technique.
4. Possess the ability to apply Al techniques to solve problems of Game Playing, Expert Systems,
Machine Learning and Natural Language Processing.

UNIT I
Introduction, History, Intelligent Systems, Foundations of AI, Sub areas of AI, Applications. Problem
Solving – State-Space Search and Control Strategies: Introduction, General Problem Solving,
Characteristics of Problem, Exhaustive Searches, Heuristic Search Techniques, Iterative-Deepening A*,
Constraint Satisfaction. Game Playing, Bounded Look-ahead Strategy and use of Evaluation Functions,
Alpha-Beta Pruning

UNIT II
Logic Concepts and Logic Programming
Introduction, Propositional Calculus, Propositional Logic, Natural Deduction System, Axiomatic
System, Semantic Tableau System in Propositional Logic, Resolution Refutation in Propositional Logic,
Predicate Logic, Logic Programming. Knowledge Representation: Introduction, Approaches to
Knowledge Representation, Knowledge Representation using Semantic Network, Extended Semantic
Networks for KR, Knowledge Representation using Frames.

UNIT II I
Expert System and Applications
Introduction, Phases in Building Expert Systems, Expert System Architecture, Expert Systems Vs
Traditional Systems, Truth Maintenance Systems, Application of Expert Systems, List of Shells and
Tools. Uncertainty Measure – Probability Theory: Introduction, Probability Theory, Bayesian Belief
Networks, Certainty Factor Theory, Dempster-Shafer Theory.
R22 M.Tech. DIGITAL SYSTEMS AND COMPUTER ELECTRONICS JNTUH

UNIT IV
Machine-Learning Paradigms
Introduction. Machine Learning Systems.Supervised and Unsupervised Learning. Inductive Learning.
Learning Decision Trees (Text Book 2), Deductive Learning. Clustering, Support Vector Machines.
Artificial Neural Networks: Introduction, Artificial Neural Networks, Single- Layer Feed-Forward
Networks, Multi-Layer Feed-Forward Networks, Radial- Basis Function Networks, Design Issues of
Artificial Neural Networks, Recurrent Networks.

UNIT V
Advanced Knowledge Representation Techniques
Case Grammars, Semantic Web Natural Language Processing: Introduction, Sentence Analysis Phases,
Grammars and Parsers, Types of Parsers, Semantic Analysis, Universal Networking Knowledge.

TEXTBOOKS
1. Saroj Kaushik. Artificial Intelligence. Cengage Learning, 2011.
2. Russell, Norvig: Artificial intelligence, A Modern Approach, Pearson Education, Second
Edition. 2004.

REFERENCES
1. Rich, Knight, Nair: Artificial intelligence, Tata McGraw Hill, Third Edition 2009.
R22 M.Tech. DIGITAL SYSTEMS AND COMPUTER ELECTRONICS JNTUH

ADVANCED COMPUTER NETWORKS

(PE-3)
M.Tech. I Year II-Semester L T P C

3 0 0 3

Prerequisite: Computer Networks

Course Objectives
1. To study the WLAN and WPAN architecture and protocols
2. To know about WiMAX services, 802.16 standard, cellular telephony & satellite networks.
3. To study the techniques to improve QoS.in Networks
4. To learn about the basic concepts of Ad hoc wireless Networks
5. To know about various Routing Protocols in Ad hoc Networks.
6. To learn the concepts of Wireless Sensor Networks, architecture and various data dissemination and
data gathering techniques

Course Outcomes
At the end of the course, the student will be able to:
1. Acquire the knowledge about Wireless LANs, Bluetooth and WiMAX standards, architecture and
their sub-layers.
2. Understand congestion control mechanisms and techniques to improve Quality of Service in
switched networks
3. Get the basic concepts of Ad hoc wireless networks and its protocols and issues related to QoS,
energy management, scalability and Security.
4. Explain about Wireless Sensor Network architecture, data dissemination & data gathering techniques
and will be able to address the issues and challenges in designing Sensor Networks.

UNIT I
Wireless LANs
Architectural Comparison, Characteristics, Access Control, IEEE 802.11 Project: Architecture, MAC
Sub layer, Addressing Mechanism, Physical Layer

Bluetooth
Architecture, Bluetooth Layers

WiMAX
Services, IEEE Project 802.16, Cellular Telephony: operation,1G,2G,3G,4G, Satellite Networks, GEO,
MEO and LEO Satellites

UNIT II
Congestion Control and Quality of Service
Data Traffic, Congestion, Congestion Control, Quality of Service, Techniques to Improve QoS,
Integrated Services, Differentiated Services, QoS in Switched Networks

Queue Management
Passive-Drop trial, Drop front, Random drop, Active- early Random drop, Random Early detection.
R22 M.Tech. DIGITAL SYSTEMS AND COMPUTER ELECTRONICS JNTUH

UNIT III
AD HOC WIRELESS NETWORKS
Introduction, Cellular and Ad hoc Wireless Networks, Application of Ad Hoc Wireless Networks, Issues
in Ad Hoc Wireless Networks, Medium Access Scheme, Routing, Multicasting, Transport Layer
Protocols, Pricing Scheme, Quality of Service Provisioning, Self-Organization, Security, Addressing
and Service Discovery, Energy Management, Scalability, Deployment Considerations, Ad Hoc Wireless
Internet

UNIT IV
Quality of Service in Ad Hoc Wireless Networks
Introduction, Real Time Traffic Support in Ad Hoc Wireless Networks, QoS Parameters in Ad Hoc
Wireless Network, Issues and Challenges in providing QoS in Ad Hoc Wireless Networks,
Classification of QoS Solutions: MAC Layer Solutions, Cluster TDMA, IEEE 802.11e, DBASE,
Network Layer Solutions, QoS Routing Protocols, Ticket Based QoS Routing Protocol, Predictive
Location Based QoS routing protocol, Trigger Based Distributed QoS Routing Protocol, QoS enabled
AODV Routing Protocol, Bandwidth QoS Routing Protocol, On Demand QoS Routing Protocol, On
Demand Link-State Multipath QoS Routing Protocol, Asynchronous Slot Allocation Strategies. QoS
Frameworks for Ad Hoc Wireless Networks.

UNIT V
Wireless Sensor Networks
Introduction, Application of Sensor Network , Comparison with Ad hoc Wireless Networks, Issues and
challenges in Designing a Sensor Network, Sensor Network Architecture, Layer Architecture, Cluster
Architecture, Data Dissemination Flooding, Gossiping, Rumor Routing, Sequential Assignment
Routing, Direct Diffusion, Sensor Protocols for Information via Negotiation, Cost- Field Approach,
Geography Hash Table, Small Minimum Energy Communication Network, Data Gathering, Direct
Transmission, Power Efficient Gathering for Sensor Information Systems, Binary Scheme, Chain Based
Three-Level Scheme.

TEXTBOOKS
1. Ad Hoc Wireless Networks: Architectures and Protocols - C. Siva Ram Murthy and B.S.Manoj,
2004, PHI
2. Data Communications and Networking - B. A.Forouzan, 5th , 2013, TMH.

REFERENCES
1. Data Communications and Computer Networks - Prakash C. Gupta, 2006, PHI.
2. Data and Computer Communications - William Stallings, 8th ed., 2007, PHI.
 R22 M.Tech. DIGITAL SYSTEMS AND COMPUTER ELECTRONICS JNTUH

AD-HOC AND WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORKS

(PE-4)

M.Tech. I Year II-Semester L T P C

3 0 0 3

Prerequisite: Wireless Sensor Networks

Course Objectives

The objectives of this course are to make the student

1. To study the fundamentals of WLANs & WPANs.

2. To study the fundamentals of wireless Ad-Hoc Networks.
3. To study the operation and performance of various Ad-Hoc wireless network protocols.
4. To study the architecture and protocols of Wireless sensor networks.

Course Outcomes

On completion of this course student will be able to

1. Understand the design issues, protocol architecture and functions of various protocols of WLANs &
WPANs.
2. Understand the design issues of Ad-Hoc networks and operation of MAC, routing and transport
protocols.
3. Analyze and compare various MAC protocols, Routing protocols and transport layer protocols of Ad-
Hoc networks.
4. Understand various sensor network architectures, data dissemination and data gathering methods

UNIT I

Wireless LANs and PANs

Introduction, Fundamentals of WLANS, IEEE 802.11 Standards, HIPERLAN Standard, Bluetooth, Home
RF.

AD HOC WIRELESS NETWORKS

Introduction, Issues in Ad Hoc Wireless Networks.

UNIT II
MAC Protocols

Introduction, Issues in Designing a MAC protocol for Ad Hoc Wireless Networks, Design goals of a MAC
Protocol for Ad Hoc Wireless Networks, Classifications of MAC Protocols, Contention-Based Protocols,
Contention-Based Protocols with reservation Mechanisms, Contention–Based MAC Protocols with
Scheduling Mechanisms, MAC Protocols that use Directional Antennas, Other MAC Protocols.
 R22 M.Tech. DIGITAL SYSTEMS AND COMPUTER ELECTRONICS JNTUH

UNIT III

Routing Protocols

Introduction, Issues in Designing a Routing Protocol for Ad-Hoc Wireless Networks, Classification of
Routing Protocols, Table–Driven Routing Protocols, On–Demand Routing Protocols, Hybrid Routing
Protocols, Routing Protocols with Efficient Flooding Mechanisms, Hierarchical Routing Protocols,
Power–Aware Routing Protocols.

UNIT IV

Transport Layer Protocols

Introduction, Issues in Designing a Transport Layer Protocol for Ad Hoc Wireless Networks, Design
Goals of a Transport Layer Protocol for Ad Hoc Wireless Networks, Classification of Transport Layer
Solutions, TCP Over Ad Hoc Wireless Networks, Other Transport Layer Protocol for Ad Hoc Wireless
Networks.

UNIT V

Wireless Sensor Networks

Introduction, Sensor Network Architecture-Layered Architecture, Clustered Architecture, Data

Dissemination-Flooding, Gossiping, Rumor Routing, Sequential Assignment Routing, Directed Diffusion,
Sensor Protocols for Information via Negotiation, Cost Field Approach, Geographic Hash Table, Small
Minimum Energy Communication Network, Data Gathering-Direct Transmission, Power Efficient
Gathering for Sensor Information Systems, Binary Scheme, Chain based Three Level Binary Scheme,
MAC Protocols for Sensor Networks-Self Organizing MAC for Sensor Networks and Eavesdrop and
register, Hybrid TDMA/FDMA, CSMA based MAC protocols, Location Discovery- Indoor localization,
Sensor network localization, Quality of a Sensor Network- Coverage, Exposure, Evolving Standards.

TEXT BOOKS

1. Ad Hoc Wireless Networks Architectures and Protocols C. Siva Ram Murthy B.S. Manoj,
Prentice Hall, 6th Edition, 2008.
2. Wireless Ad- hoc and Sensor Networks: Protocols, Performance and Control - Jagannathan
Sarangapani, CRC Press.

REFERENCES

1. Ad- Hoc Mobile Wireless Networks: Protocols & Systems, C.K. Toh , 1st Ed. Pearson Education.
2. Ad Hoc and Sensor Networks Theory and Appications- Carols de Morais Cordeiro and
Dharma prakash Agrawal, World Scientific
3. Wireless Sensor Networks - C. S. Raghavendra, Krishna M. Sivalingam, 2004, Springer
 R22 M.Tech. DIGITAL SYSTEMS AND COMPUTER ELECTRONICS JNTUH

COMMUNICATION AND NETWORK TECHNOLOGIES FOR IOT

(PE-4)
M.Tech. I Year II-Sem L TPC
3 0 0 3

UNIT-I

Introduction to IoT
Flavor of the Internet of Things, Technology of the Internet of Things & Enchanted Objects, Design
Principles for Connected Devices, Calm and Ambient Technology, Web Thinking for Connected Devices,
First-Class Citizens On The Internet, Thinking About Prototyping, Sketching, Familiarity, Prototypes and
Production, Open Source versus Closed Source, Closed Source for Mass Market Projects, Tapping into the
Community.

UNIT-II

IoT Paradigm,
Why the IoT Is Strategically Sound, Brewing and Blossoming Trends in IT Space, Envisioning the
Internet of Things Era, Device-to-Device/Machine-to-Machine Integration Concept, Explaining the Aspect
of Device-to-Cloud (D2C) Integration, Describing the Sensor-to-Cloud Integration Concept, Emerging IoT
Flavors, Prominent IoT Realization Technologies, Cloud-to-Cloud (C2C) Integration, and Device-to-
Cloud (D2C) Integration.

UNIT-III

Wireless Technologies for IoT Ecosystem

Introduction, Architecture for IoT Using Mobile Devices, Mobile Technologies for Supporting IoT
Ecosystem, Energy Harvesting for Power Conservation in the IoT System, Mobile Application
Development Platforms and Use of IoT, Low Power Wide Area Networking Technologies, Direct &
Indirect Device Connectivity Topology of LPWAN, LoRa WaN.

UNIT-IV

Protocols for the IoT Ecosystem

Introduction, Layered Architecture for IoT, Protocol Architecture of IoT, Routing Protocol, IEEE
802.15.4, Bluetooth Low Energy, ZigBee, Protocols for IoT Service Discovery, Prominent IoT Service
Discovery Products, IP Addresses, Infrastructure Protocols, Static IP Address Assignment, Dynamic IP
Address Assignment, IPV6, TCP and UDP Ports, Application Layer Protocols.

Enablement Platforms for IoT Applications

IoT Building Blocks, IoT or Sensor Data Gateway, Application Enablement Platforms, IoT Application
Enablement Platforms, IoT and M2M Sensor Data Platform, IoT Data Analytics Platforms, IoT Data
Virtualization Platforms, IoT Edge Data Analytics.
 R22 M.Tech. DIGITAL SYSTEMS AND COMPUTER ELECTRONICS JNTUH

UNIT-V
Integration Technologies of IoT

Introduction, IoT Portion for Smarter Enterprises and Environments, Sensor and Actuator Networks, IoT
Device Integration Concepts, Device Profile for Web Services, Open Service Gateway, Scalability,
Robustness, openHAB, Remote OSGi, Device Integration Protocols and Middleware, Data Distribution
Bus, Message Queue Telemetry Transport, Extensible Messaging and Presence Protocol, Protocol
Landscape for IoT.

Smart Use Cases of IoT

Introduction, Collaboration Platforms, Geospatial Platforms, Open Access to Public Data, Smart Industrial
Use Cases of IoT, Smart Lighting for Energy Conservation, Smart Transportation Systems, Smart
Homes/Buildings, Smarter Homes—Middleware Platforms, Smart Education Systems Using Wearable
Devices

Text Books

1. “The Internet of Things Enabling, Technologies, Platforms and Applications” by Pethuru Raj and
Anupama C.Raman CRC Press Taylor & Francis Group.
2. “Designing the Internet of Things ” by Adrain McEwen , Hakim Cassimally Wiley 1st Edition
 R22 M.Tech. DIGITAL SYSTEMS AND COMPUTER ELECTRONICS JNTUH

DESIGN OF FAULT TOLERANT SYSTEMS

M.Tech. I Year II-Semester L T P C

3 0 0 3

Prerequisite: Digital System Design with PLDS

Course Objectives
1. To provide or broad understanding of fault diagnosis and tolerant design Approach.
2. To illustrate the framework of test pattern generation using semi and full automatic approach.

Course Outcomes
On completion of this course the student will be able to:
1. To acquire the knowledge of fundamental concepts in fault tolerant design.
2. Design requirements of self check-in circuits
3. Test pattern generation using LFSR
4. Design for testability rules and techniques for combinational circuits
5. Introducing scan architectures.
6. Design of built-in-self test.

UNIT I
Fault Tolerant Design
Basic concepts: Reliability concepts, Failures & faults, Reliability and Failure rate, Relation between
reliability and mean time between failure, maintainability and availability, reliability of series, parallel
and parallel-series combinational circuits.
Fault Tolerant Design: Basic concepts-static, dynamic, hybrid, triple modular redundant system (TMR),
5MR reconfiguration techniques, Data redundancy, Time redundancy and software Redundancy
concepts. [TEXTBOOK-1]

UNIT II
Self Checking circuits & Fail safe Design
Self Checking Circuits: Basic concepts of self checking circuits, Design of Totally self checking
checker, Checkers using m out of n codes, Berger code, Low cost residue code.
Fail Safe Design: Strongly fault secure circuits, fail safe design of sequential circuits using partition
theory and Berger code, totally self checking PLA design. [TEXTBOOK-1]

UNIT III
Design for Testability
Design for testability for combinational circuits: Basic concepts of Testability, Controllability and
observability, The Reed Muller’s expansion technique, use of control and syndrome testable designs.
Design for testability by means of scan
Making circuits Testable, Testability Insertion, Full scan DFT technique- Full scan insertion, flip-flop
Structures, Full scan design and Test, Scan Architectures-full scan design, Shadow register DFT, Partial
scan methods, multiple scan design, other scan designs.[TEXTBOOK-2]
 R22 M.Tech. DIGITAL SYSTEMS AND COMPUTER ELECTRONICS JNTUH

UNIT IV
Logic Built-in-self-test
BIST Basics-Memory-based BIST,BIST effectiveness, BIST types, Designing a BIST, Test Pattern
Generation-Engaging TPGs, exhaustive counters, ring counters, twisted ring counter, Linear feedback
shift register, Output Response Analysis-Engaging ORA’s, One’s counter, transition counter, parity
checking, Serial LFSRs, Parallel Signature analysis, BIST architectures-BIST related terminologies, A
centralized and separate Board-level BIST architecture, Built-in evaluation and self test(BEST), Random
Test socket(RTS), LSSD On-chip self test, Self –testing using MISR and SRSG, Concurrent BIST,
BILBO, Enhancing coverage, RT level BIST design-CUT design, simulation and synthesis, RTS BIST
insertion, Configuring the RTS BIST, incorporating configurations in BIST, Design of STUMPS, RTS
and STUMPS results. [TEXTBOOK-2]

UNIT V
Standard IEEE Test Access Methods
Boundary Scan Basics, Boundary scan architecture- Test access port, Boundary scan registers, TAP
controller, the decoder unit, select and other units, Boundary scan Test Instructions-Mandatory
instructions, Board level scan chain structure-One serial scan chain, multiple-scan chain with one
control test port, multiple-scan chains with one TDI,TDO but multiple TMS, Multiple-scan chain,
multiple access port, RT Level boundary scan-inserting boundary scan test hardware for CUT, Two
module test case, virtual boundary scan tester, Boundary Scan Description language. [TEXTBOOK-2]

TEXTBOOKS

1. Fault Tolerant & Fault Testable Hardware Design- Parag K.Lala, 1984,PHI
2. Digital System Test and Testable Design using HDL models and Architectures -Zainalabedin
Navabi, Springer International Edition.

REFERENCES

1. Digital Systems Testing and Testable Design-Miron Abramovici, Melvin A.Breuer and Arthur D.
Friedman, Jaico Books
2. Essentials of Electronic Testing- Bushnell & Vishwani D.Agarwal,Springers.
3. Design for Test for Digital IC’s and Embedded Core Systems- Alfred L. Crouch, 2008,
Pearson Education.
R22 M.Tech. DIGITAL SYSTEMS AND COMPUTER ELECTRONICS JNTUH

HARDWARE AND SOFTWARE CO-DESIGN

(PE-4)
M.Tech. II Year I-Semester L T P C

3 0 0 3

Prerequisite: Advanced Computer Architecture, Embedded System Design.

Course Objective:
1. To provide a broad understanding of the specific requirement of Hardware and soft ware
integration for embedded system

Course Outcomes:
1. To acquire the knowledge on various models
2. To explore the interrelationship between Hardware and software in a embedded system
3. Acquire the knowledge of firmware development process and tools
4. Understand validation methods and adaptability.

UNIT –I
Co- Design Issues: Co- Design Models, Architectures, Languages, A Generic Co-design Methodology.
Co- Synthesis Algorithms: Hardware software synthesis algorithms: hardware – software partitioning
distributed system cosynthesis.

UNIT –II
Prototyping and Emulation: Prototyping and emulation techniques, prototyping and emulation
environments, future developments in emulation and prototyping architecture specialization techniques,
system communication infrastructure.
Target Architectures: Architecture Specialization techniques, System Communication infrastructure,
Target Architecture and Application System classes, Architecture for control dominated systems (8051-
Architectures for High performance control), Architecture for Data dominated systems (ADSP21060,
TMS320C60), Mixed Systems.

UNIT –III
Compilation Techniques and Tools for Embedded Processor Architectures: Modern embedded
architectures, embedded software development needs, compilation technologies, practical consideration
in a compiler development environment.

UNIT –IV
Design Specification and Verification: Design, co-design, the co-design computational model,
concurrency coordinating concurrent

computations, interfacing components, design verification, implementation verification, verification

tools, interface verification

UNIT –V
Languages for System – Level Specification and Design-I: System – level specification, design
representation for system level synthesis, system levelspecification languages,
R22 M.Tech. DIGITAL SYSTEMS AND COMPUTER ELECTRONICS JNTUH

Languages for System – Level Specification and Design-II: Heterogeneous specifications and multi
language co-simulation, the cosyma system and lycos system.

TEXT BOOKS

1. Hardware / Software Co- Design Principles and Practice – Jorgen Staunstrup, Wayne Wolf –
2009, Springer.
2. Hardware / Software Co- Design - Giovanni De Micheli, Mariagiovanna Sami, 2002, Kluwer
Academic Publishers

REFERENCES

1. A Practical Introduction to Hardware/Software Co-design -Patrick R. Schaumont - 2010 –

Springer
 R22 M.Tech. DIGITAL SYSTEMS AND COMPUTER ELECTRONICS JNTUH

FPGA DESIGN LAB

M.Tech. I Year II-Semester L T P C

0 0 4 2

Design, Simulate, Synthesize the following circuits targeting 7 series FPGA

1. 8-bit-bit low power high speed adder a. Carry save adder b. Carry skip adder

2. High Speed and low power 16/32/64-bit adder using an 8-bit adder

3. 8x8 Braun multiplier

4. 16x16 bit multiplier using IP Core.

5. A Clock divider

6. FIFO using IP core

7. 8 bit ALU

8. Circular Buffer

9. 2D RAM Array

10. Implement MAC unit targeting Artix 7 FPGA employing low power techniques while meeting
target speed
R22 M.Tech. DIGITAL SYSTEMS AND COMPUTER ELECTRONICS JNTUH

ARM MICROCONTROLLERS LAB

M.Tech. I Year II-Semester L T P C

0 0 4 2

Course Outcomes: At the end of the laboratory work, students will be able to:

1. Install, configure and utilize tool sets for developing applications based on ARM
processor core SoC and DSPprocessor.
2. Develop prototype codes using commonly available on and off chip peripherals on the
Cortex M3 and DSP developmentboards.

List of Assignments:

Part A) Experiments to be carried out on Cortex-M3 development boards and using GNU tool-
chain
1. Blink an LED with software delay, delay generated using the SysTicktimer.
2. System clock real time alteration using the PLLmodules.
3. Control intensity of an LED using PWM implemented in software andhardware.
4. Control an LED using switch by polling method, by interrupt method and flash the
LED once every five switchpresses.
5. UART EchoTest.
6. Take analog readings on rotation of rotary potentiometer connected to an ADCchannel.
7. Temperature indication on an RGBLED.
8. Mimic light intensity sensed by the light sensor by varying the blinking rate of anLED.
9. Evaluate the various sleep modes by putting core in sleep and deep sleep modes.
10. System reset using watchdog timer in case something goeswrong.
11. Sample sound using a microphone and display sound levels onLEDs.
 R22 M.Tech. DIGITAL SYSTEMS AND COMPUTER ELECTRONICS JNTUH

VALUE EDUCATION

(AUDIT COURSE-II)

M.Tech. I Year II-Semester L T P C

2 0 0 0
Course Objectives: To help the students:
1. Understand value of education and self- development
2. Imbibe good values
3. Know about the importance of character

Course outcomes: Students will be able to:

1. Acquire knowledge about self-development
2. Learn the importance of Human values
3. Develop the overall personality
Syllabus

Unit1 Values and Self-development – Social Values and Individual Attitudes. Work Ethics,
Indian Vision of Humanism. Ethical Standards and Principles. Value Judgments

Unit2 Importance of Cultivating Values. Sense of Duty. Devotion, Self-reliance, Confidence,

Concentration. Truthfulness, Cleanliness. Honesty, Humanity. National Unity. Patriotism. Love
for Nature, Discipline

Unit 3 Personality and Behavior Development - Soul and Scientific Attitude- Integrity and
Discipline. Punctuality- Compassion and Benevolence - Positive Thinking- Composure and
Equipoise- Dignity of Labour. Universal Brotherhood and Religious Tolerance. True Friendship.
Happiness Vs Suffering- Aware of Self-destructive Habits. Association and Cooperation. Eco-
friendly Consciousness

Unit4 Character and Competence – Values of Scriptures- Self-management and Good health.
Science of Reincarnation. Equality, Nonviolence, Humility, Role of Women- Secular Thinking-
Mind your Mind, Self-control- Non Ethnocentric Behavior

Suggested Readings

1. Chakroborty, S.K. “Values and Ethics for organizations Theory and practice”, Oxford
University Press, New Delhi. 1998.
2. Dostoyevsky, Fyodor, Constance Garnett, and Ernest J. Simmons. Crime and Punishment.
New York: Modern Library, 1950. Print.
3. Galsworthy, John. Justice. Czechia, Good Press, 2019.
4. TED Talks
R22 M.Tech. DIGITAL SYSTEMS AND COMPUTER ELECTRONICS JNTUH

ROBOTICS (PE-5)

M.Tech. II Year I-Semester L T P C

18PEC 3 0 0 3

Prerequisite:
Introduction to Signals, Systems & Circuits
Analytical Foundations of Electronics and Communication
Engineering,Linear Systems
Elements of Control

Course Objectives
1. This introductory course is valuable for students who wish to learn about robotics through a
study ofindustrial robot systems analysis and design.
2. This course is suited to students from engineering and science backgrounds that wish to
broadentheir knowledge through working on a subject that integrates multi-disciplinary
technologies.

Course Outcomes
Upon the completion of this course, the student will be able to:
1. Describe the various elements that make an industrial robot system
2. Discuss various applications of industrial robot systems
3. Analyze robot manipulators in terms of their kinematics, kinetics, and control
4. Model robot manipulators and analyze their performance, through running simulations
using aMATLAB-based Robot Toolbox
5. Select an appropriate robotic system for a given application and discuss the limitations of
such asystem
6. Program and control an industrial robot system that performs a specific task.

UNIT – I
Introduction & Basic Definitions: History pf robots-robot anatomy, Coordinate Systems ,
Human arm Characteristics , Cartesian , Cylindrical, Polar, coordinate frames , mapping
transform.

UNIT – II
Kinematics – Inverse Kinematics: Kinematics , Mechanical structure and notations ,
description of links and joints , Denavit Hatenberg notation , manipulator transformation matrix ,
examples inverse kinematics.

UNIT – III
Differential Motion – Statics – Dynamic Modeling: Velocity Propagation along links,
manipulator Jacobian – Jacobian singularities – Lagrange Euler formulation Newton Euler
formulation basics of trajectory planning.

UNIT – IV
Robot Systems : Actuators Sensors and Vision: Hydraulic and Electrical Systems Including
Pumps, valves, solenoids, cylinders, stepper motors, Encoders and AC Motors Range and use of
sensors, Microswitches, Resistance Transducers, Piezo-electric, Infrared and Lasers Applications
 R22 M.Tech. DIGITAL SYSTEMS AND COMPUTER ELECTRONICS JNTUH

of Sensors : Reed Switches, Ultrasonic, Barcode Readers and RFID – Fundamentals of Robotic
vision.

UNIT – V Robots and Applications.: Industrial Applications – Processing applications – Assembly

applications, Inspection applications , Non Industrial applications.

TEXTBOOKS
1. Robotics and Control : R.K. Mittal and I.J. Nagarath, TMH 2003.
2. Introduction to Robotics – P.J. Mckerrow, ISBN: 0201182408
3. Introduction to Robotics – S. Nikv, 2001, Prentice Hall,
4. Mechatronics and Robotics: Design & Applications – A. Mutanbara, 1999, CRC Press.

REFERENCES
1. Robotics – K.S. Fu, R.C. Gonzalez and C.S.G. Lee, 2008, TMH.
R22 M.Tech. DIGITAL SYSTEMS AND COMPUTER ELECTRONICS JNTUH

EMBEDDED NETWORKS(PE – 5)

M.Tech. II Year I-Semester L T P C

3 0 0 3

Pre-Requisite Computer Networks

Course Objectives
1. To through the light on the requirements of Embedded Networks.
2. Understanding the role of various protocols in wired and wireless Embedded Networks.

Course Outcomes
On completion of this course the student will be able to:
1. To make the students understand various Embedded Network protocols.
2. Acquires the knowledge of CAN bus design requirements.
3. To make the student aware of Ethernet design principles while building an Embedded
Network.
4. To acquire the knowledge on the conceptual framework of Wireless Sensor Networks and
their design requirements.

UNIT I

Embedded Communication Protocols

Embedded Networking: Introduction – Serial/Parallel Communication – Serial communication
protocols -RS232 standard – RS485 – Synchronous Serial Protocols -Serial Peripheral Interface
(SPI) – Inter Integrated Circuits (I2C) – PC Parallel port programming - ISA/PCI Bus protocols
– Firewire.

UNIT II

USB and CAN Bus

USB bus – Introduction – Speed Identification on the bus – USB States – USB bus
communication Packets –Data flow types –Enumeration –Descriptors –PIC 18 Microcontroller
USB Interface – C Programs –CAN Bus – Introduction - Frames –Bit stuffing –Types of errors –
Nominal Bit Timing – PIC microcontroller CAN Interface –A simple application with CAN.

UNIT III

Ethernet Basics
Elements of a network – Inside Ethernet – Building a Network: Hardware options – Cables,
Connections and network speed – Design choices: Selecting components –Ethernet Controllers –
R22 M.Tech. DIGITAL SYSTEMS AND COMPUTER ELECTRONICS JNTUH

Using the internet in local and internet communications – Inside the Internet protocol.

UNIT IV

Embedded Ethernet
Exchanging messages using UDP and TCP – Serving web pages with Dynamic Data – Serving
web pages that respond to user Input – Email for Embedded Systems – Using FTP – Keeping
Devices and Network secure.

UNIT V

Wireless Embedded Networking

Wireless sensor networks – Introduction – Applications – Network Topology – Localization –
Time Synchronization - Energy efficient MAC protocols –SMAC – Energy efficient and
robust routing – Data Centric routing.

TEXT BOOKS
1. Embedded Systems Design: A Unified Hardware/Software Introduction - Frank Vahid,
TonyGivargis, John & Wiley Publications, 2002.
2. Parallel Port Complete: Programming, interfacing and using the PCs parallel printer
port -Jan Axelson, Penram Publications, 1996.

REFERENCES
1. Advanced PIC microcontroller projects in C: from USB to RTOS with the PIC18F
series -Dogan Ibrahim, Elsevier 2008.
2. Embedded Ethernet and Internet Complete - Jan Axelson, Penram publications, 2003.
3. Networking Wireless Sensors - Bhaskar Krishnamachari , Cambridge press 2005.
R22 M.Tech. DIGITAL SYSTEMS AND COMPUTER ELECTRONICS JNTUH

SYSTEM DESIGN ASPECTS OF IOT

(PE-5)

M.Tech. II Year I-Semester L T P C

3 0 0 3
Pre-requisite:

Course Objectives

The objectives of the course are to

1. Understand the concepts of Internet of Things and able to build IoT applications.
2. Learn the programming and use of Arduino and Raspberry Pi boards.
3. Known about data handling and analytics in SDN.

Course Outcomes

Upon completing this course, the student will be able to

1. Known basic protocols in sensor networks.
2. Program and configure Arduino boards for various designs.
3. Python programming and interfacing for Raspberry Pi.
4. Design IoT applications in different domains.

UNIT I

Definition and Characteristics of IoT, Physical Design of IoT: Things in IOT, IOT Protocols,
Logical Design of IoT: IOT functional Blocks, Communication Models, Communication APIs,
IOT levels and deployment templates, Sensor Networks, Sensors and Actuators, ADCs and
DACs

Machine-to-Machine Communications, Difference between IoT and M2M, Interoperability in

IoT, Software defined Network (SDN) and NFV for IoT

UNIT II

Domain Specific IOTs

Home Automation: Smart Lighting, Smart Appliances, Intrusion Detection, Smoke/ Gas
detector; Smart Cities: Smart Parking, Smart Lighting,Smart Roads, Structural Health
Monitoring, Surveillance, Emergency Response, Environment: Weather Monitoring, Air
Pollution Monitoring, Noise Pollution Monitoring, Forest Fire Detection, River Floods
Detection, Energy: Smart Grids, Renewable Energy Systems, Prognostics, Retail: Inventory
Management, Smart Payments, Smart Vending Machines, Logistics: Route Generation and
Scheduling, Fleet Tracking, Shipment Monitoring, Remote Vehicle Diagnostics, Agriculture:
R22 M.Tech. DIGITAL SYSTEMS AND COMPUTER ELECTRONICS JNTUH

Smart Irrigation, Green House Control, Industry: Machine Diagnosis and Prognosis, Indoor Air
Quality Monitor, Health and Life Style: Health and Fitness Monitoring, Wearable Electronics.
UNIT III

Arduino and IOT:

Introduction XBee module, Interfacing with XBee, Pin diagram, updating Firmware: AT
Commands and API, Configuring XBee as Coordinator, Router, Building an XBee-ZB Mesh
Network and Testing.
Arduino Programming: Arduino models and Clones,Arduino IDE, Integration of Sensors and
Actuators with Arduino :Sketch for blinking of LED, Building an Aurdino Temperature and
Humidity Sensor,Using an Arduino as a Data Collector for XBee Sensor Nodes

UNIT IV

Applied Python Programming with Raspberry Pi: Introduction to Python programming,

Introduction to Raspberry Pi modules, Installing a Boot image in Pi, GPIO pins of Pi, Sketch for
blinking of LED using Pi, Building an Raspberry Pi Temperature and Humidity Sensor,Building
a Raspberry Barometric Pressure Sensor Node, Creating a Raspberry Pi Data Collector for XBee
Sensor Nodes,

UNIT V

Data Analytics for IOT

Apache Hadoop: Map Reduce Programming Model, Hadoop Map Reduce Job Execution, Map
Reduce Job Execution Workflow, Hadoop Cluster Setup, Using Hadoop MapReduce for Batch
Data Analysis: Hadoop YARN, Apache Oozie: Setting up Oozie, Oozie Workflows for IoT Data
Analysis, Apache Spark, Apache Storm : Setting up a Storm Cluster, Using Apache Storm for
Real-time Data Analysis: REST-Based approach, WebSocket-based Approach.

TEXT BOOKS

1. Internet of Things: A Hands-on Approach, by ArshdeepBahga and Vijay Madisetti.

2. Beginning Sensor networks with Arduino and Raspberry Pi – Charles Bell, Apress, 2013.

REFERENCES

1. The Internet of Things: Enabling Technologies, Platforms, and Use Cases, by Pethuru
Raj and Anupama C. Raman (CRC Press)
2. Fundamentals of Wireless Sensor Networks: Theory and Practice - WaltenegusDargie,
Christian Poellabauer.
3. Make sensors: Terokarvinen, kemo, karvinen and villeyvaltokari, 1stEd., MakerMedia,
2014.
R22 M.Tech. DIGITAL SYSTEMS AND COMPUTER ELECTRONICS JNTUH

ANN AND DEEP LEARNING

(PE-5)
M.Tech. II Year I-Semester L T P C

3 0 0 3

UNIT-I :

Fundamental Concepts, Models & Learning Rules of Artificial Neural Systems

Artificial Neuron Models: Biological Neuron, Mcculloch-pitts Neuron Model, Activation

Functions, Boltzman Neuron Model, Models of Artificial Neural Networks : Feed forward
Network, Feedback Network, Neural Processing, Learning and Adaption : Supervised,
Unsupervised and Reinforcement Learning.

Neural Network Learning Rules: Hebbian Learning Rule, Perception Learning Rule, Delta
Learning Rule Widrow –Hoff Rule, Correlation Learning Rule, Winner –Take – All Learning
Rule, Outstar Learning Rule, Summary of Learning Rules.

Single Layer Feed Forward Networks:

Classification Model, Features and Decision Regions, Discriminant Functions, linear Machine
and Minimum Distance Classification, Non – Parametric Training Concept, Training and
Classification Using the Discrete Perceptron: Algorithm and Examples. Single Layer Continuous
Perceptron Networks for Linearly Separable Classification, Perceptron Convergence Theorem,
Multi Category Single Layer Perceptron Networks.

UNIT –II

Multi Layer Feed Forward Networks:

Linearly Non- Separable, Pattern Classification, Delta Learning Rule for Multi Perception,
Generalized Delta Learning Rule. Feed Forward Recall and Error Back Propagation Training ;
Examples of Error Back Propagation, Training Errors, Learning Factors ; Initial Weights
Cumulative Weight Adjustment Versus Incremental Updating, Steepness of Activation Function,
Learning Constant, Momentum Method, Network Architecture Versus Data Representation,
Necessary Number of Hidden Neurons. Application of Back Propagation Networks in Pattern
Recognition and Image Processing.
UNIT –III :

Associative Memories:
Basic Concepts of Linear Associative, Basic Concepts of Dynamical Systems, Mathematical
Foundation of Discrete Time Hop field Networks. Mathematical Foundation of Gradient- Type
Hop Field Networks, Transient Response of Continuous Time Networks, Example Solution of
R22 M.Tech. DIGITAL SYSTEMS AND COMPUTER ELECTRONICS JNTUH

Optimization Problems; Summing Networks with Digital Outputs, Minimization of the Traveling
salesman tour length, Solving Simultaneous Linear Equations, Boltzman machines, Bidirectional
Associative Memory; Multidirectional Associative Memory, Associative Memory of Spatio-
temporal Patterns.
UNIT – IV :

Matching and Self-Organizing Networks:

Hamming net and MAXNET Unsupervised learning of clusters, Clustering and similarity
measures Winner take all learning, recall mode, initializing of weights, separability limitations,
Counter propagation networks, Feature mapping: Self organizing feature maps, Cluster discovery
networks (ART1).

UNIT – V :

Introduction to Simple Deep Feed forward Neural Network, Hidden Units and their Activation
Functions, Architecture Design, Regularization Methods for Deep learning: Early Slopping,
Drop out.

Convolutional Neural Networks: Introduction to CNN, Convolution operation, Pooling,

Normalization, Application in Computer Vision-Image Net, Sequence Modeling- VGG Net,
LeNet.

Recurrent Neural Networks: RNN Topologies, Difficulty in Training RNN, Long Short Term
Memory(LSTM):Architecture and Learning Strategy.

TEXT BOOKS:

1. Introduction to Artificial Neural Systems – J.M.Zurada, Jaico Publishers.

2. Ian Good fellow, Yoshva Bengio, Aaron Courville, Deep Learning,MIT Press,2016.
3. Introduction Neural Networks using MATLAB 6.0 – S.N. Shivanandam, S. Sumathi, S.
N.Deepa, 1/e, TMH,New Delhi

REFERENCE BOOKS:

1.Elements of Artificial Neural Networks – Kishan Mehrotra, Chelkuri K. Mohan, Sanjay

Ranka, Penram International.
2.Artificial Neural Network – Simon Haykin,2nd Ed., Pearson Education
3.Artificial Neural Networks – Dr.B. Yagananarayana, 1999,PHI, New Delhi.
4.Fundamental of Neural Networks- Laurene Fausett.
R22 M.Tech. DIGITAL SYSTEMS AND COMPUTER ELECTRONICS JNTUH

PRINCIPLES OF SIGNAL PROCESSING

(OE)

M.Tech. II Year I-Sem L T P C

3 0 0 3

Course Objectives
1. This gives the basics of Signals and Systems required for all Engineering related courses.
2. To understand the basic characteristics of LTI systems.
3. To know the signal transmission requirements.
4. This gives basic understanding of signal statistical properties and noise source concepts.

Course Outcomes
Upon completing this course, the student will be able to

1. Differentiate various signal functions.

2. Understand the characteristics of linear time invariant systems.
3. Understand the concepts sampling theorem.
4. Determine the Spectral and temporal characteristics of Signals.
5. Understand the concepts of Noise in Communication systems.

UNIT I
Signal Analysis
Analogy between Vectors and Signals, Orthogonal Signal Space, Signal approximation using
Orthogonal functions, Mean Square Error, Closed or complete set of Orthogonal functions,
Orthogonality in Complex functions, Classification of Signals and systems, Exponential and
Sinusoidal signals, Concepts of Impulse function, Unit Step function, Signum function.

UNIT II
Signal Transmission through Linear Systems
Linear System, Impulse response, Response of a Linear System, Linear Time Invariant(LTI)
System, Linear Time Variant (LTV) System, Transfer function of a LTI System, Filter
characteristic of Linear System, Distortion less transmission through a system, Signal
bandwidth, System Bandwidth, Ideal LPF, HPF, and BPF characteristics, Convolution and
Correlation of Signals, Concept of convolution in Time domain and Frequency domain,
Graphical representation of Convolution.

UNIT II I
Sampling Theorem
Graphical and analytical proof for Band Limited Signals, Impulse Sampling, Natural and Flat
top Sampling, Reconstruction of signal from its samples, Effect of under sampling – Aliasing,
Introduction to Band Pass Sampling.
R22 M.Tech. DIGITAL SYSTEMS AND COMPUTER ELECTRONICS JNTUH

UNIT IV
Temporal characteristics of signals
Concept of Stationarity and Statistical Independence. First-Order Stationary Processes, Time
Averages and Ergodicity, Cross Correlation and Auto Correlation of Functions, Properties
of Correlation
Functions, Cross-Correlation Function and Its Properties. Power Spectrum and its Properties,
Relationship between Power Spectrum and Autocorrelation Function.

UNIT V
Noise sources
Resistive/Thermal Noise Source, Arbitrary Noise Sources, Effective Noise Temperature,
Noise equivalent bandwidth, Average Noise Figures, Average Noise Figure of cascaded
networks, Narrow Band noise, Quadrature representation of narrow band noise & its
properties.

TEXT BOOKS

1. Signals, Systems & Communications - B.P. Lathi , B.S. Publications, 2013.

2. Probability, Random Variables & Random Signal Principles - Peyton Z. Peebles,
TMH, 4th
Edition, 2001.

REFERENCES

1. Signals and Systems - A.V. Oppenheim, A.S. Willsky and S.H. Nawabi, 2 Ed.
2. Fundamentals of Signals and Systems - Michel J. Robert, 2008, MGH
InternationalEdition.
3. Random Processes for Engineers-Bruce Hajck, Cambridge unipress,2015
4. Statistical Theory of Communication – S.P Eugene Xavier, New Age
Publications,2003.
R22 M.Tech. DIGITAL SYSTEMS AND COMPUTER ELECTRONICS JNTUH