Subject: Physics

Topic:
DPP:
Level:
Time:

1. A body of mass m is moving in a circle of radius (a) 18 units (b) 15 units

r with a constant speed v. The force on the body (c) 12 units (d) 10 units
𝑚𝑣 2 10. A force of 5 N acts on a 15 kg body initially at
is and is directed towards the centre. What
𝑟
rest. The work done by the force during the first
is the work done by this force in moving the body
second of motion of the body is
over half the circumference of the circle 5
𝑚𝑣 2 𝑚𝑣 2 𝜋𝑟 2 (a) 5 J (b) 𝐽 (c) 6 J (d) 75𝐽
(a) (b) Zero (c) (d) 6
𝜋𝑟 2 𝑟2 𝑚𝑣 2 11. A force of 5 N, making an angle 𝜃 with the
2. If the unit of force and length each be increased horizontal, acting on an object displaces it by
by four times, then the unit of energy is 0.4𝑚 along the horizontal direction. If the object
increased by gains kinetic energy of 1J, the horizontal
(a) 16 times (b) 8 times (c) 2 times (d) 4 times component of the force is
3. A man pushes a wall and fails to displace it. He (a) 1.5 N (b) 2.5 N (c) 3.5 N (d) 4.5 N
does 12. The work done against gravity in taking 10 kg
(a) Negative work mass at 1m height in 1sec will be
(b) Positive but not maximum work (a) 49 J (b) 98 J (c) 196 J (d) None of these
(c) No work at all 13. A body of mass 6kg is under a force which causes
(d) Maximum work 𝑡2
4. The same retarding force is applied to stop a displacement in it given by 𝑆 = metres where
4
train. The train stops after 80 m. If the speed is t is time. The work done by the force in 2 seconds
doubled, then the distance will be is
(a) The same (b) Doubled (a) 12 J (b) 9 J (c) 6 J (d) 3 J
(c) Halved (d) Four times 14. A body of mass 10kg at rest is acted upon
5. You lift a heavy book from the floor of the room simultaneously by two forces 4 N and 3N at right
and keep it in the book-shelf having a height 2 angles to each other. The kinetic energy of the
m. In this process you take 5 seconds. The work body at the end of 10 sec is
done by you will depend upon (a) 100 J (b) 300 J (c) 50 J (d) 125 J
(a) Mass of the book and time taken 15. A cylinder of mass 10kg is sliding on a plane with
(b) Weight of the book and height of the book- an initial velocity of 10m/s. If coefficient of
shelf friction between surface and cylinder is 0.5,
(c) Height of the book-shelf and time taken then before stopping it will describe
(d) Mass of the book, height of the book-shelf (a) 12.5 m (b) 5 m (c) 7.5 m (d) 10 m
and time taken 16. A force of (3 ⥂ 𝑖̂ + 4𝑗̂) Newton acts on a body and
6. A body of mass m kg is lifted by a man to a height displaces it by (3𝑖̂ + 4 ⥂ 𝑗̂)𝑚. The work done by
of one metre in 30 sec. Another man lifts the the force is
same mass to the same height in 60 sec. The (a) 10 J (b) 12 J (c) 16 J (d) 25 J
work done by them are in the ratio 17. A 50kg man with 20kg load on his head climbs
(a) 1: 2 (b) 1 : 1 (c) 2 : 1 (d) 4 : 1 up 20 steps of 0.25m height each. The work done
7. A force acts on a 30 gm particle in such a way in climbing is
that the position of the particle as a function of (a) 5 J (b) 350 J (c) 100 J (d) 3430 J
→
time is given by 𝑥 = 3𝑡 − 4𝑡 2 + 𝑡 3 , where x is in 18. A force 𝐹 = 6𝑖̂ + 2𝑗̂ − 3𝑘̂ acts on a particle and
metres and t is in seconds. The work done during produces a displacement of → 𝑠 = 2𝑖̂ − 3𝑗̂ + 𝑥𝑘̂. If
the first 4 seconds is the work done is zero, the value of x is
(a) 5.28 J (b) 450 Mj (c) 490 mJ (d) 530 mJ (a) – 2 (b) 1/2 (c) 6 (d) 2
8. A body of mass 10 kg is dropped to the ground 19. A particle moves from position 𝑟⃗1 = 3𝑖̂ + 2𝑗̂ − 6𝑘̂
from a height of 10 metres. The work done by to position 𝑟⃗2 = 14𝑖̂ + 13𝑗̂ + 9𝑘̂ under the action
the gravitational force is (𝑔 = 9.8𝑚/ 𝑠𝑒𝑐 2 ) of force 4𝑖̂ + 𝑗̂ + 3𝑘̂ 𝑁. The work done will be
(a) – 490 Joules (b) + 490 Joules (a) 100 J (b) 50 J (c) 200 J (d) 75 J
(c) – 980 Joules (d) + 980 Joules 20. A force (𝐹⃗ ) = 3𝑖̂ + 𝑐𝑗̂ + 2𝑘̂ acting on a particle
9. ⃗ ̂
A force 𝐹 = 5𝑖̂ + 6𝑗̂ − 4𝑘 acting on a body, causes a displacement: (𝑠⃗) = −4𝑖̂ + 2𝑗̂ + 3𝑘̂ in its
produces a displacement 𝑠⃗ = 6𝑖⃗ + 5𝑘 ⃗⃗ . Work done own direction. If the work done is 6𝐽, then the
by the force is value of ′𝑐′is

1|S P E CTRUM A CA DE M Y DAYAL SIR-9503921809

 (a) 0 (b) 1 (c) 6 (d) 12 spring becomes 60 cm. What is the amount of
21. In an explosion a body breaks up into two pieces elastic energy stored in the spring in this
of unequal masses. In this condition, if g = 10 m/s2
(a) Both parts will have numerically equal (a) 1.5 Joule (b) 2.0 Joule
momentum (c) 2.5 Joule (d) 3.0 Joule
(b) Lighter part will have more momentum 32. A spring of force constant 800 N/m has an
(c) Heavier part will have more momentum extension of 5cm. The work done in extending it
(d) Both parts will have equal kinetic energy from 5cm to 15 cm is
22. Which of the following is a unit of energy (a) 16 J (b) 8 J (c) 32 J (d) 24 J
(a) Unit (b) Watt 33. When a spring is stretched by 2 cm, it stores 100
(c) Horse Power (d) None J of energy. If it is stretched further by 2 cm, the
23. Two springs have their force constant as 𝑘1 and stored energy will be increased by
𝑘2 (𝑘1 > 𝑘2 ) . When they are stretched by the (a) 100 J (b) 200 J (c) 300 J (d) 400 J
same force 34. A spring when stretched by 2 mm its potential
(a) No work is done in case of both the springs energy becomes 4 J. If it is stretched by 10 mm,
(b) Equal work is done in case of both the its potential energy is equal to
springs (a) 4 J (b) 54 J (c) 415 J (d) None
(c) More work is done in case of second spring 35. A spring of spring constant 5  103 N/m is
(d) More work is done in case of first spring stretched initially by 5cm from the unstretched
24. A spring of force constant 10 N/m has an initial position. Then the work required to stretch it
stretch 0.20 m. In changing the stretch to 0.25 further by another 5𝑐𝑚 is
m, the increase in potential energy is about (a) 6.25 N-m (b) 12.50 N-m
(a) 0.1 joule (b) 0.2 joule (c) 0.3 joule (c) 18.75 N-m (d) 25.00 N-m
(d) 0.5 joule 36. A mass of 0.5kg moving with a speed of 1.5 m/s
25. The potential energy of a certain spring when on a horizontal smooth surface, collides with a
stretched through a distance ‘S’ is 10 joule. The nearly weightless spring of force constant 𝑘 =
amount of work (in joule) that must be done on 50 ⥂ 𝑁/𝑚 . The maximum compression of the
this spring to stretch it through an additional spring would be
distance ‘S’ will be (a) 0.15 m (b) 0.12 m (c) 1.5 m (d) 0.5 m
(a) 30 (b) 40 (c) 10 (d) 20 37. A particle moves in a straight line with
26. A spring 40 mm long is stretched by the retardation proportional to its displacement. Its
application of a force. If 10 N force required to loss of kinetic energy for any displacement x is
stretch the spring through 1 mm, then work done proportional to
in stretching the spring through 40 mm is (a) 𝑥 2 (b) 𝑒 𝑥 (c) x (d) 𝑙𝑜𝑔𝑒 𝑥
(a) 84 J (b) 68 J (c) 23 J (d) 8 J 38. A spring with spring constant k when stretched
27. A position dependent force 𝐹 = 7 − 2𝑥 + through 1 cm, the potential energy is U. If it is
3𝑥 2 𝑛𝑒𝑤𝑡𝑜𝑛 acts on a small body of mass 2 kg and stretched by 4 cm. The potential energy will be
displaces it from 𝑥 = 0 to 𝑥 = 5𝑚. The work done (a) 4U (b) 8U (c) 16 U (d) 2U
in joules is 39. If a long spring is stretched by 0.02 m, its
(a) 70 (b) 270 (c) 35 (d) 135 potential energy is U. If the spring is stretched
28. A body of mass 3 kg is under a force, which by 0.1 m, then its potential energy will be
𝑡3 𝑈
causes a displacement in it is given by 𝑆 = (in (a) (b) 𝑈 (c) 5U (d) 25U
3 5
m). Find the work done by the force in first 2 40. Natural length of a spring is 60 cm, and its
seconds spring constant is 4000 N/m. A mass of 20 kg is
(a) 2 J (b) 3.8 J (c) 5.2 J (d) 24 J hung from it. The extension produced in the
29. The force constant of a wire is k and that of spring is, (Take 𝑔 = 9.8 𝑚/𝑠 2 )
another wire is 2𝑘. When both the wires are (a) 4.9 cm (b) 0.49 cm
stretched through same distance, then the work (c) 9.4 cm (d) 0.94 cm
done 41. The spring extends by x on loading, then energy
(a) 𝑊2 = 2𝑊12 (b) 𝑊2 = 2𝑊1 stored by the spring is :
(c) 𝑊2 = 𝑊1 (d) 𝑊2 = 0.5𝑊1 (if T is the tension in spring and k is spring
30. A body of mass 0.1 kg moving with a velocity of constant)
𝑇2 𝑇2 2𝑘 2𝑇 2
10 m/s hits a spring (fixed at the other end) of (a) (b) (c) (d)
2𝑘 2𝑘 2 𝑇2 𝑘
force constant 1000 N/m and comes to rest after 42. The potential energy between two atoms in a
compressing the spring. The compression of the 𝑎 𝑏
molecule is given by 𝑈(𝑥) = 12 − 6; where a and
spring is 𝑥 𝑥
(a) 0.01𝑚 (b) 0.1𝑚 (c) 0.2𝑚 (d) 0.5𝑚 b are positive constants and x is the distance
31. When a 1.0kg mass hangs attached to a spring of between the atoms. The atom is in stable
length 50 cm, the spring stretches by 2 cm. The equilibrium when
mass is pulled down until the length of the

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 6 11𝑎 6 𝑎 53. A rifle bullet loses 1/20th of its velocity in
(a) 𝑥 = √ (b) 𝑥 = √
5𝑏 2𝑏 passing through a plank. The least number of
6 2𝑎 such planks required just to stop the bullet is
(c) 𝑥 = 0 (d) 𝑥 = √
𝑏 (a) 5 (b) 10 (c) 11 (d) 20
43. Which one of the following is not a conservative 54. A body of mass 2 kg is thrown up vertically with
force K.E. of 490 joules. If the acceleration due to
(a) Gravitational force gravity is 9.8𝑚/𝑠 2 , then the height at which the
(b) Electrostatic force between two charges K.E. of the body becomes half its original value
(c) Magnetic force between two magnetic is given by
dipoles (a) 50 m (b) 12.5 m (c) 25 m (d) 10 m
(d) Frictional force 55. If the K.E. of a body is increased by 300%, its
44. Two bodies of masses 𝑚1 and 𝑚2 have equal momentum will increase by
kinetic energies. If 𝑝1 and 𝑝2 are their respective (a) 100% (b) 150% (c) √300% (d) 175%
momentum, then ratio 𝑝1 : 𝑝2 is equal to 56. A light and a heavy body have equal kinetic
(a) 𝑚1 : 𝑚2 (b) 𝑚2 : 𝑚1 energy. Which one has a greater momentum ?
(c) √𝑚1 : √𝑚2 (d) 𝑚12 : 𝑚22 (a) The light body
45. Work done in raising a box depends on (b) The heavy body
(a) How fast it is raised (c) Both have equal momentum
(b) The strength of the man (d) It is not possible to say anything without
(c) The height by which it is raised additional
(d) None of the above information
46. A light and a heavy body have equal momenta. 57. If the linear momentum is increased by 50%, the
Which one has greater K.E kinetic energy will increase by
(a) The light body (b) The heavy body (a) 50% (b) 100% (c) 125% (d) 25%
(c) The K.E. are equal (d) Data is incomplete 58. A free body of mass 8 kg is travelling at 2 meter
47. A body at rest may have per second in a straight line. At a certain instant,
(a) Energy (b) Momentum the body splits into two equal parts due to
(c) Speed (d) Velocity internal explosion which releases 16 joules of
48. The kinetic energy possessed by a body of mass energy. Neither part leaves the original line of
1
m moving with a velocity v is equal to 𝑚𝑣 2 , motion finally
2
provided (a) Both parts continue to move in the same
(a) The body moves with velocities comparable direction as that of the original body
to that of light (b) One part comes to rest and the other moves
(b) The body moves with velocities negligible in the same
compared to the speed of light direction as that of the original body
(c) The body moves with velocities greater than (c) One part comes to rest and the other moves
that of light in the
(d) None of the above statement is correcst direction opposite to that of the original body
49. If the momentum of a body is increased n times, (d) One part moves in the same direction and the
its kinetic energy increases other in the
(a) n times (b) 2n times direction opposite to that of the original body
(c) √𝑛times (d) 𝑛2 times 59. If the K.E. of a particle is doubled, then its
50. The bob of a simple pendulum (mass m and momentum will
length l) dropped from a horizontal position (a) Remain unchanged (b) Be doubled
strikes a block of the same mass elastically (c) Be quadrupled (d) Increase √2 times
placed on a horizontal frictionless table. The 60. If the stone is thrown up vertically and return to
K.E. of the block will be ground, its potential energy is maximum
(a) 2 mgl (b) mgl/2 (c) mgl (d) 0 (a) During the upward journey
51. From a stationary tank of mass 125000 pound a (b) At the maximum height
small shell of mass 25 pound is fired with a (c) During the return journey
muzzle velocity of 1000 ft/sec. The tank recoils (d) At the bottom
with a velocity of 61. A body of mass 2 kg is projected vertically
(a) 0.1 ft/sec (b) 0.2 ft/sec upwards with a velocity of 2𝑚 𝑠𝑒𝑐 −1 . The K.E.
(c) 0.4 ft/sec (d) 0.8 ft/sec of the body just before striking the ground is
52. A bomb of 12 kg explodes into two pieces of (a) 2 J (b) 1 J (c) 4 J (d) 8 J
masses 4 kg and 8 kg. The velocity of 8kg mass 62. Two bodies of different masses 𝑚1 and 𝑚2 have
is 6 m/sec. The kinetic energy of the other mass equal momenta. Their kinetic energies 𝐸1 and 𝐸2
is are in the ratio
(a) 48 J (b) 32 J (c) 24 J (d) 288 J (a) √𝑚1 : √𝑚2 (b) 𝑚1 : 𝑚2
(c) 𝑚2 : 𝑚1 (d) 𝑚12 : 𝑚22

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63. A car travelling at a speed of 30 km/hour is 76. An engine develops 10 kW of power. How much
brought to a halt in 8 m by applying brakes. If time will it take to lift a mass of 200 kg to a
the same car is travelling at 60 km/hour, it can height of 40 m. (𝑔 = 10𝑚/ 𝑠𝑒𝑐 2 )
be brought to a halt with the same braking force (a) 4 sec (b) 5 sec (c) 8 sec (d) 10 sec
in 77. The average power required to lift a 100 kg mass
(a) 8 m (b) 16 m (c) 24 m (d) 32 m through a height of 50 metres in approximately
64. Tripling the speed of the motor car multiplies 50 seconds would be
the distance needed for stopping it by (a) 50 J/s (b) 5000 J/s
(a) 3 (b) 6 (c) 9 (d) Some other number (c) 100 J/s (d) 980 J/s
65. If the kinetic energy of a body increases by 0.1%, 78. From a waterfall, water is falling down at the
the percent increase of its momentum will be rate of 100 kg/s on the blades of turbine. If the
(a) 0.05% (b) 0.1% (c) 1.0% (d) 10% height of the fall is 100 m, then the power
66. If velocity of a body is twice of previous velocity, delivered to the turbine is approximately equal
then kinetic energy will become to
1
(a) 2 times (b) times (a) 100 kW (b) 10 kW (c) 1 kW (d) 1000 kW
2
(c) 4 times (d) 1 times 79. The power of a pump, which can pump 200kg of
67. Two bodies A and B having masses in the ratio water to a height of 200m in 10sec is (𝑔 =
of 3 : 1 possess the same kinetic energy. The 10𝑚/𝑠 2 )
(a) 40 kW (b) 80 kW
ratio of their linear momenta is then
(c) 400 kW (d) 960 kW
(a) 3 : 1 (b) 9 : 1 (c) 1 : 1 (d) √3: 1
80. A 10 H.P. motor pumps out water from a well of
68. In which case does the potential energy decrease
depth 20m and fills a water tank of volume
(a) On compressing a spring
22380 litres at a height of 10m from the ground.
(b) On stretching a spring
the running time of the motor to fill the empty
(c) On moving a body against gravitational force
water tank is (𝑔 = 10𝑚𝑠 −2 )
(d) On the rising of an air bubble in water
(a) 5 minutes (b) 10 minutes
69. A body of mass m accelerates uniformly from
(c) 15 minutes (d) 20 minutes
rest to 𝑣1 in time 𝑡1 . As a function of time t, the
81. A car of mass 1250 kg is moving at 30m/s. Its
instantaneous power delivered to the body is
𝑚𝑣1 𝑡 𝑚𝑣12 𝑡 𝑚𝑣1 𝑡 2 𝑚𝑣12 𝑡
engine delivers 30 kW while resistive force due
(a) (b) (c) (d) to surface is 750N. What max acceleration can
𝑡1 𝑡1 𝑡1 𝑡12
70. A man is riding on a cycle with velocity 7.2 be given in the car
1 1 1 1
km/hr up a hill having a slope 1 in 20. The total (a) 𝑚/𝑠 2 (b) 𝑚/𝑠 2 (c) 𝑚/𝑠 2 (d) 𝑚/𝑠 2
3 4 5 6
mass of the man and cycle is 100 kg. The power 82. A truck of mass 30,000kg moves up an inclined
of the man is plane of slope 1 in 100 at a speed of 30 kmph.
(a) 200 W (b) 175 W (c) 125 W (d) 98 W The power of the truck is (given 𝑔 = 10𝑚𝑠 −1 )
71. A 12 HP motor has to be operated 8 hours/day. (a) 25 kW (b) 10 kW (c) 5 kW (d) 2.5 kW
How much will it cost at the rate of 50 83. A 60 kg man runs up a staircase in 12 seconds
paisa/kWh in 10 days while a 50 kg man runs up the same staircase in
(a) Rs. 350/- (b) Rs. 358/- 11, seconds, the ratio of the rate of doing their
(c) Rs. 375/- (d) Rs. 397/- work is
72. A motor boat is travelling with a speed of 3.0 (a) 6 : 5 (b) 12 : 11 (c) 11 : 10 (d) 10 : 11
m/sec. If the force on it due to water flow is 500 84. What average horsepower is developed by an 80
N, the power of the boat is kg man while climbing in 10 s a flight of stairs
(a) 150 kW (b) 15 kW (c) 1.5 kW (d) 150 W that rises 6 m vertically
73. An electric motor exerts a force of 40 N on a (a) 0.63 HP (b) 1.26 HP (c) 1.8 HP (d) 2.1 HP
cable and pulls it by a distance of 30 m in one 85. A car of mass 1000 kg accelerates uniformly
minute. The power supplied by the motor (in from rest to a velocity of 54 km/hour in 5s. The
Watts) is average power of the engine during this period
(a) 20 (b) 200 (c) 2 (d) 10 in watts is (neglect friction)
74. An electric motor creates a tension of 4500 (a) 2000 W (b) 22500 W
newton in a hoisting cable and reels it in at the (c) 5000 W (d) 2250 W
rate of 2 m/sec. What is the power of electric 86. A quarter horse power motor runs at a speed of
motor 600 r.p.m. Assuming 40% efficiency the work
(a) 15 kW (b) 9 kW (c) 225 W (d) 9000 HP done by the motor in one rotation will be
(a) 7.46 J (b) 7400 J (c) 7.46 ergs (d) 74.6 J
75. A weight lifter lifts 300 kg from the ground to a 87. An engine pumps up 100 kg of water through a
height of 2 meter in 3 second. The average power height of 10 m in 5 s. Given that the efficiency of
generated by him is the engine is 60% . If 𝑔 = 10𝑚𝑠 −2 , the power of
(a) 5880 watt (b) 4410 watt the engine is
(c) 2205 watt (d) 1960 watt (a) 3.3𝑘𝑊 (b) 0.33𝑘𝑊

4|S P E CTRUM A CA DE M Y DAYAL SIR-9503921809

 (c) 0.033𝑘𝑊 (d) 33𝑘𝑊 fragments with equal masses fly in mutually
̂
88. A force of 2𝑖̂ + 3𝑗̂ + 4𝑘 𝑁 acts on a body for 4 perpendicular directions with speeds of 21 m/s.
second, produces a displacement of (3𝑖̂ + 4𝑗̂ + The velocity of the heaviest fragment will be
5𝑘̂ )𝑚. The power used is (a) 11.5 m/s (b) 14.0 m/s
(a) 9.5 W (b) 7.5 W (c) 6.5 W (d) 4.5 W (c) 7.0 m/s (d) 9.89 m/s
89. The power of pump, which can pump 200 kg of 97. A heavy steel ball of mass greater than 1 kg
water to a height of 50 m in 10 sec, will be moving with a speed of 2𝑚 𝑠𝑒𝑐 −1 collides head
(a) 10 × 103 𝑤𝑎𝑡𝑡 (b) 20 × 103 𝑤𝑎𝑡𝑡 on with a stationary ping-pong ball of mass less
3
(c) 4 × 10 𝑤𝑎𝑡𝑡 (d) 60 × 103 𝑤𝑎𝑡𝑡 than 0.1 gm. The collision is elastic. After the
90. From an automatic gun a man fires 360 bullet collision the ping-pong ball moves
per minute with a speed of 360 km/hour. If each approximately with speed
weighs 20 g, the power of the gun is (a) 2𝑚 𝑠𝑒𝑐 −1 (b) 4𝑚 𝑠𝑒𝑐 −1
4 −1
(a) 600𝑊 (b) 300𝑊 (c) 150𝑊 (d) 75𝑊 (c) 2 × 10 𝑚 𝑠𝑒𝑐 (d) 2 × 103 𝑚 𝑠𝑒𝑐 −1
91. A shell initially at rest explodes into two pieces 98. A body of mass ‘M’ collides against a wall with a
of equal mass, then the two pieces will velocity v and retraces its path with the same
(a) Be at rest speed. The change in momentum is (take initial
(b) Move with different velocities in different direction of velocity as positive)
directions (a) Zero (b) 2Mv (c) Mv (d) – 2 Mv
(c) Move with the same velocity in opposite 99. A gun fires a bullet of mass 50 gm with a velocity
directions of 30𝑚 𝑠𝑒𝑐 −1 . Because of this the gun is pushed
(d) Move with the same velocity in same back with a velocity of 1𝑚 𝑠𝑒𝑐 −1 . The mass of
direction the gun is
92. Two solid rubber balls A and B having masses (a) 15 kg (b) 30 kg (c) 1.5 kg (d) 20 kg
200 and 400 gm respectively are moving in 100. A 238𝑈 nucleus decays by emitting an alpha
opposite directions with velocity of A equal to particle of speed 𝑣𝑚𝑠 −1 . The recoil speed of the
0.3 m/s. After collision the two balls come to residual nucleus is (in 𝑚𝑠 −1 )
rest, then the velocity of B is (a) −4𝑣/234 (b) 𝑣/4 (c) −4𝑣/238 (d) 4𝑣/238
(a) 0.15 m/sec (b) 1.5 m/sec 101. A body of mass m having an initial velocity v,
(c) – 0.15 m/sec (d) None of the above makes head on collision with a stationary body
93. Two perfectly elastic particles P and Q of equal of mass M. After the collision, the body of mass
mass travelling along the line joining them with m comes to rest and only the body having mass
velocities 15 m/sec and 10 m/sec. After collision, M moves. This will happen only when
their velocities respectively (in m/sec) will be (a) 𝑚 >> 𝑀 (b) 𝑚 << 𝑀
1
(a) 0, 25 (b) 5, 20 (c) 10, 15 (d) 20, 5 (c) 𝑚 = 𝑀 (d) 𝑚 = 𝑀
2
94. A cannon ball is fired with a velocity 200 m/sec 102. A particle of mass m moving with a velocity 𝑉 ⃗⃗
at an angle of 60° with the horizontal. At the makes a head on elastic collision with another
highest point of its flight it explodes into 3 equal particle of same mass initially at rest. The
fragments, one going vertically upwards with a velocity of the first particle after the collision
velocity 100 m/sec, the second one falling will be
vertically downwards with a velocity 100 m/sec. ⃗⃗ ⃗⃗ ⃗⃗
(a) 𝑉 (b) −𝑉 (c) −2𝑉 (d) Zero
The third fragment will be moving with a
103. A particle of mass m moving with horizontal
velocity
speed 6 m/sec as shown in figure. If 𝑚 << 𝑀
(a) 100 m/s in the horizontal direction
then for one dimensional elastic collision, the
(b) 300 m/s in the horizontal direction
speed of lighter particle after collision will be
(c) 300 m/s in a direction making an angle of
60° with the horizontal
(d) 200 m/s in a direction making an angle of
60° with the horizontal
95. A lead ball strikes a wall and falls down, a tennis (a) 2m/sec in original direction
ball having the same mass and velocity strikes (b) 2 m/sec opposite to the original direction
the wall and bounces back. Check the correct (c) 4 m/sec opposite to the original direction
statement (d) 4 m/sec in original direction
(a) The momentum of the lead ball is greater 104. A shell of mass m moving with velocity v
than that of the tennis ball suddenly breaks into 2 pieces. The part having
(b) The lead ball suffers a greater change in mass m/4 remains stationary. The velocity of
momentum compared with the tennis ball the other shell will be
3 4
(c) The tennis ball suffers a greater change in (a) v (b) 2v (c) 𝑣 (d) 𝑣
4 3
momentum as compared with the lead ball 105. Two equal masses 𝑚1 and 𝑚2 moving along
(d) Both suffer an equal change in momentum the same straight line with velocities + 3 m/s
96. A body of mass 5 kg explodes at rest into three and – 5 m/s respectively collide elastically. Their
fragments with masses in the ratio 1 : 1 : 3. The velocities after the collision will be respectively

5|S P E CTRUM A CA DE M Y DAYAL SIR-9503921809

 (a) + 4 m/s for both (b) – 3 m/s and +5 m/s 116. A body of mass 50 kg is projected vertically
(c) – 4 m/s and + 4 m/s (d) – 5 m/s and + 3 m/s upwards with velocity of 100 m/sec. 5 seconds
106. A metal ball falls from a height of 32 metre on after this body breaks into 20 kg and 30 kg. If
a steel plate. If the coefficient of restitution is 20 kg piece travels upwards with 150 m/sec,
0.5, to what height will the ball rise after second then the velocity of other block will be
bounce (a) 15 m/sec downwards (b) 15 m/sec upwards
(a) 2 m (b) 4 m (c) 8 m (d) 16 m (c) 51 m/sec downwards (d) 51 m/sec upwards
107. At high altitude, a body explodes at rest into 117. A bullet of mass a and velocity b is fired into a
two equal fragments with one fragment large block of mass c. The final velocity of the
receiving horizontal velocity of 10 m/s. Time system is
𝑐 𝑎 𝑎+𝑏 𝑎+𝑐
taken by the two radius vectors connecting point (a) ⋅ 𝑏 (b) ⋅ 𝑏 (c) . 𝑎 (d) ⋅𝑏
𝑎+𝑏 𝑎+𝑐 𝑐 𝑎
of explosion to fragments to make 90° is 118. A mass of 10 gm moving with a velocity of 100
(a) 10 s (b) 4 s (c) 2 s (d) 1 s cm/s strikes a pendulum bob of mass 10 gm. The
108. A ball of mass 10 kg is moving with a velocity two masses stick together. The maximum height
of 10 m/s. It strikes another ball of mass 5 kg reached by the system now is (𝑔 = 10𝑚/𝑠 2 )
which is moving in the same direction with a (a) Zero (b) 5 cm (c) 2.5 cm (d) 1.25 cm
velocity of 4 m/s. If the collision is elastic, their 119. A body of mass 2 kg moving with a velocity of
velocities after the collision will be, respectively 3 m/sec collides head on with a body of mass 1
(a) 6 m/s, 12 m/s (b) 12 m/s, 6 m/s kg moving in opposite direction with a velocity
(c) 12 m/s, 10 m/s (d) 12 m/s, 25 m/s of 4 m/sec. After collision, two bodies stick
109. A body of mass 2 kg collides with a wall with together and move with a common velocity
speed 100 m/s and rebounds with same speed. If which in m/sec is equal to
the time of contact was 1/50 second, the force (a) 1/4 (b) 1/3 (c) 2/3 (d) 3/4
exerted on the wall is 120. A body of mass m moving with a constant
(a) 8 N (b) 2 × 104 𝑁 (c) 4 N (d) 104 𝑁 velocity v hits another body of the same mass
110. A body falls on a surface of coefficient of moving with the same velocity v but in the
restitution 0.6 from a height of 1 m. Then the opposite direction and sticks to it. The velocity
body rebounds to a height of of the compound body after collision is
(a) 0.6 m (b) 0.4 m (c) 1 m (d) 0.36 m (a) v (b) 2v (c) Zero (d) v/2
111. A ball is dropped from a height h. If the 121. A body of mass m moving with a constant
coefficient of restitution be e, then to what velocity v hits another body is at rest, then
height will it rise after jumping twice from the velocity of the compound body after collision is
ground (a) v/2 (b) 2v (c) v (d) Zero
(a) eh/2 (b) 2eh (c) eh (d) 𝑒 4 ℎ 122. A bag (mass M) hangs by a long thread and a
112. A ball of weight 0.1 kg coming with speed 30 bullet (mass m) comes horizontally with velocity
m/s strikes with a bat and returns in opposite v and gets caught in the bag. Then for the
direction with speed 40 m/s, then the impulse is combined (bag + bullet) system
(Taking final velocity as positive) 𝑚𝑣𝑀
(a) Momentum is
(a) −0.1 × (40) − 0.1 × (30) 𝑀+𝑚
𝑚𝑣 2
(b) 0.1 × (40) − 0.1 × (−30) (b) Kinetic energy is
2
(c) 0.1 × (40) + 0.1 × (−30) (c) Momentum is
𝑚𝑣(𝑀+𝑚)
(d) 0.1 × (40) − 0.1 × (20) 𝑀
𝑚2 𝑣 2
113. A billiard ball moving with a speed of 5 m/s (d) Kinetic energy is
2(𝑀+𝑚)
collides with an identical ball originally at rest. 123. A 50 g bullet moving with velocity 10 m/s
If the first ball stops after collision, then the strikes a block of mass 950 g at rest and gets
second ball will move forward with a speed of embedded in it. The loss in kinetic energy will be
(a) 10𝑚𝑠 −1 (b) 5𝑚𝑠 −1 (c) 2.5𝑚𝑠 −1 (d) 1.0𝑚𝑠 −1 (a) 100% (b) 95% (c) 5% (d) 50%
114. If two balls each of mass 0.06 kg moving in 124. Two putty balls of equal mass moving with
opposite directions with speed 4 m/s collide and equal velocity in mutually perpendicular
rebound with the same speed, then the impulse directions, stick together after collision. If the
imparted to each ball due to other is balls were initially moving with a velocity of
(a) 0.48 kg-m/s (b) 0.24 kg-m/s 45√2𝑚𝑠 −1 each, the velocity of their combined
(c) 0.81 kg-m/s (d) Zero mass after collision is
115. A ball of mass m falls vertically to the ground (a) 45√2𝑚𝑠 −1 (b) 45𝑚𝑠 −1
from a height h1 and rebound to a height ℎ2 . The (c) 90𝑚𝑠 −1 (d) 22.5√2𝑚𝑠 −1
change in momentum of the ball on striking the
125. A particle of mass m moving with velocity v
ground is strikes a stationary particle of mass 2m and
(a) 𝑚𝑔(ℎ1 − ℎ2 ) (b) 𝑚(√2𝑔ℎ1 + √2𝑔ℎ2 ) sticks to it. The speed of the system will be
(c) 𝑚√2𝑔(ℎ1 + ℎ2 ) (d) 𝑚 √2𝑔(ℎ1 + ℎ2 ) (a) 𝑣/2 (b) 2v (c) 𝑣/3 (d) 3v

6|S P E CTRUM A CA DE M Y DAYAL SIR-9503921809

126. A moving body of mass m and velocity 3 km/h 136. Which of the following is not an example of
collides with a rest body of mass 2m and sticks perfectly inelastic collision
to it. Now the combined mass starts to move. (a) A bullet fired into a block if bullet gets
What will be the combined velocity embedded into block
(a) 3 km/h (b) 2 km/h (b) Capture of electrons by an atom
(c) 1 km/h (d) 4 km/h (c) A man jumping on to a moving boat
127. If a skater of weight 3 kg has initial speed 32 (d) A ball bearing striking another ball bearing
m/s and second one of weight 4 kg has 5 m/s. 137. A body, acted upon by a force of 50 N is
After collision, they have speed (couple) 5 m/s. displaced through a distance 10 meter in a
Then the loss in K.E. is direction making an angle of 60° with the force.
(a) 48 J (b) 96 J The work done by the force be
(c) Zero (d) None of these (a) 200 J (b) 100 J (c) 300 (d) 250 J
128. A ball is dropped from height 10 m. Ball is 138. A particle moves from position 3𝑖̂ + 2𝑗̂ − 6𝑘̂ to
embedded in sand 1 m and stops, then 14𝑖̂ + 13𝑗̂ + 9𝑘̂ due to a uniform force of (4𝑖̂ + 𝑗̂ +
(a) Only momentum remains conserved 3𝑘̂ )𝑁. If the displacement in meters then work
(b) Only kinetic energy remains conserved done will be
(c) Both momentum and K.E. are conserved (a) 100 J (b) 200 J (c) 300 J (d) 250 J
(d) Neither K.E. nor momentum is conserved →
139. A force 𝐹 = (5𝑖̂ + 3𝑗̂) Newton is applied over a
129. A metal ball of mass 2 kg moving with a particle which displaces it from its origin to the
velocity of 36 km/h has an head on collision with point → 𝑟 = (2𝑖̂ − 1𝑗̂) metres. The work done on
a stationary ball of mass 3 kg. If after the the particle is
collision, the two balls move together, the loss (a) – 7 J (b) +13 J (c) +7 J (d) +11 J
in kinetic energy due to collision is 140. A particle moves with a velocity 6𝑖̂ − 4𝑗̂ +
(a) 40 J (b) 60 J (c) 100 J (d) 140 J
3𝑘̂ 𝑚/𝑠 under the influence of a constant force
130. A body of mass 2kg is moving with velocity 10 →
m/s towards east. Another body of same mass 𝐹 = 20𝑖̂ + 15𝑗̂ − 5𝑘̂ 𝑁. The instantaneous power
and same velocity moving towards north collides applied to the particle is
with former and coalsces and moves towards (a) 35 J/s (b) 45 J/s (c) 25 J/s (d) 195 J/s
→
north-east. Its velocity is 141. The angle between the two vectors 𝐴 = 5𝑖̂ + 5𝑗̂
→
(a) 10 m/s (b) 5 m/s (c) 2.5 m/s (d) 5√2𝑚/𝑠 and 𝐵 = 5𝑖̂ − 5𝑗̂will be
131. A mass of 20 kg moving with a speed of 10m/s (a) Zero (b) 45° (c) 90° (d) 180°
collides with another stationary mass of 5𝑘𝑔. As 142. A body, constrained to move in the Y-direction
a result of the collision, the two masses stick →
is subjected to a force given by 𝐹 = (−2𝑖̂ + 15𝑗̂ +
together. The kinetic energy of the composite 6𝑘̂ )𝑁. What is the work done by this force in
mass will be moving the body a distance 10 m along the Y-axis
(a) 600 Joule (b) 800 Joule (a) 20 J (b) 150 J (c) 160 J (d) 190 J
(c) 1000 Joule (d) 1200 Joule →
143. If force ( 𝐹 ) = 4𝑖̂ + 5𝑗̂ and displacement (→ 𝑠) =
132. A body of mass 40kg having velocity 4 m/s
3𝑖̂ + 6𝑘̂ then the work done is
collides with another body of mass 60kg having
(a) 4 × 3 (b) 5 × 6 (c) 6 × 3 (d) 4 × 6
velocity 2 m/s. If the collision is inelastic, then
144. A force 𝐹⃗ = 3𝑖̂ + 𝑐𝑗̂ + 2𝑘̂ acting on a particle
loss in kinetic energy will be
(a) 440 J (b) 392 J (c) 48 J (d) 144 J causes a displacement 𝑆⃗ = −4𝑖̂ + 2𝑗̂ − 3𝑘̂ in its
133. A body of mass 𝑚1 is moving with a velocity V. own direction. If the work done is 6J, then the
It collides with another stationary body of mass value of c will be
𝑚2 . They get embedded. At the point of collision, (a) 12 (b) 6 (c) 1 (d) 0
the velocity of the system ⃗
145. A force 𝐹 = (5𝑖̂ + 3𝑗̂) 𝑁 is applied over a
(a) Increases particle which displaces it from its original
(b) Decreases but does not become zero position to the point 𝑠⃗ = (2𝑖̂ − 1𝑗̂) m. The work
(c) Remains same done on the particle is
(d) Become zero (a) + 11 J (b) + 7 J (c) + 13 J (d) – 7 J
134. Two bodies of masses 0.1 kg and 0.4 kg move 146. A force 𝐹 = (5𝑖̂ + 3𝑗̂) N is applied over a particle
towards each other with the velocities 1 m/s and which displaces it from its origin to the point 𝑟 =
0.1 m/s respectively, After collision they stick (2𝑖̂ − 1𝑗̂) metres. The work done on the particle
together. In 10 sec the combined mass travels is
(a) 120 m (b) 0.12 m (c) 12 m (d) 1.2 m (a) –7 J (b) +13 J (c) +7 J (d) +11 J
135. A body of mass 4 kg moving with velocity 12 147. A horizontal force of 5 N is required to
m/s collides with another body of mass 6 kg at maintain a velocity of 2 m/s for a block of 10 kg
rest. If two bodies stick together after collision, mass sliding over a rough surface. The work
then the loss of kinetic energy of system is done by this force in one minute is
(a) Zero (b) 288 J (c) 172.8 J (d) 144 J (a) 600 J (b) 60 J (c) 6 J (d) 6000 J

7|S P E CTRUM A CA DE M Y DAYAL SIR-9503921809

148. A box of mass 1 kg is pulled on a horizontal 158. The potential energy of a body is given by 𝐴 −
plane of length 1 m by a force of 8 N then it is 𝐵𝑥 2 (where x is the displacement). The
raised vertically to a height of 2m, the net work magnitude of force acting on the particle is
done is (a) Constant
(a) 28 J (b) 8 J (c) 18 J (d) None of above (b) Proportional to x
149. A position dependent force 𝐹⃗ = (7 − 2𝑥 + (c) Proportional to 𝑥 2
3𝑥 2 )𝑁 acts on a small abject of mass 2 kg to (d) Inversely proportional to x
displace it from 𝑥 = 0to 𝑥 = 5𝑚. The work done 159. Two protons are situated at a distance of 100
in joule is fermi from each other. The potential energy of
(a) 70 J (b) 270 J (c) 35 JB (d) 135 J this system will be in eV
150. A particle moves under the effect of a force F (a) 1.44 (b)1.44 × 103
2
= Cx from x = 0 to x = x1. The work done in the (c) 1.44 × 10 (d) 1.44 × 104
process is 160. The work done in pulling up a block of wood
1 weighing 2kN for a length of 10 m on a smooth
(a) 𝐶𝑥12 (b) 𝐶𝑥12 (c)𝐶𝑥1 (d) Zero
2
plane inclined at an angle of 15𝑜 with the
151. The relationship between force and position is
horizontal is (sin 15o = 0.259)
shown in the figure given (in one dimensional
(a) 4.36 k J (b) 5.17 k J
case). The work done by the force in displacing
(c) 8.91 k J (d) 9.82 k J
a body from 𝑥 = 1 cm to 𝑥 = 5cm is
161. The work done in raising a mass of 15 gm from
20 the ground to a table of 1m height is
Force (dyne)

10 (a) 15 J (b) 152 J (c) 1500 J (d) 0.15 J

0 162.
1 2 3 4 5 6
10 If we throw a body upwards with velocity of
x (cm)
20 4𝑚𝑠 −1 at what height its kinetic energy reduces
(a) 20 ergs (b) 60 ergs to half of the initial value ? Take 𝑔 = 10𝑚/⥂ 𝑠 2
(c) 70 ergs (d) 700 ergs (a) 4m (b) 2 m (c) 1 m (d) None
152. A particle of mass ‘m’ and charge ‘q’ is of these
accelerated through a potential difference of ‘V’ 163. A stone projected vertically upwards from the
volt. Its energy is ground reaches a maximum height h. When it is
𝑞 𝑞 3ℎ
(a) Qv (b) mqV (c) ( ) 𝑉 (d) at a height , the ratio of its kinetic and
𝑚 𝑚𝑉 4
153. An ice cream has a marked value of 700 kcal. potential energies is
How many kilowatt hour of energy will it deliver (a) 3 : 4 (b) 1 : 3 (c) 4 : 3 (d) 3 : 1
to the body as it is digested 164. A 300 g mass has a velocity of (3𝑖̂ + 4𝑗̂) m/sec
(a) 0.81 kWh (b) 0.90 kWh at a certain instant. What is its kinetic energy
(c) 1.11 kWh (d) 0.71 kWh (a) 1.35 J (b) 2.4 J (c) 3.75 J (d) 7.35 J
154. A metallic wire of length L metres extends by 165. A particle moves in a potential region given by
l metres when stretched by suspending a weight 𝑈 = 8𝑥 2 − 4𝑥 + 400 J. Its state of equilibrium will
Mg to it. The mechanical energy stored in the be
wire is (a) 𝑥 = 25𝑚 (b) 𝑥 = 0.25𝑚
𝑀𝑔𝑙 𝑀𝑔𝑙 (c) 𝑥 = 0.025𝑚 (d) 𝑥 = 2.5𝑚
(a) 2𝑀𝑔𝑙 (b) 𝑀𝑔𝑙 (c) (d)
2 4 166. A long spring is stretched by 2 cm, its potential
155. Consider the following two statements energy is U. If the spring is stretched by 10 cm,
1. Linear momentum of a system of particles is the potential energy stored in it will be
zero (a) U / 25 (b) U / 5 (c) 5 U (d) 25 U
2. Kinetic energy of a system of particles is zero 167. A proton has a positive charge. If two protons
Then are brought near to one another, the potential
(a) 1 implies 2 and 2 implies 1 energy of the system will
(b) 1 does not imply 2 and 2 does not imply 1 (a) Increase (b) Decrease
(c) 1 implies 2 but 2 does not imply 1 (c) Remain the same (d) Equal to the kinetic
(d) 1 does not imply 2 but 2 implies 1 energy
156. If the momentum of a body is increased by 100 168. A rod of mass m and length l is lying on a
%, then the percentage increase in the kinetic horizontal table. The work done in making it
energy is stand on one end will be
(a) 150 % (b) 200 % (c) 225 % (d) 300 % 𝑚𝑔𝑙 𝑚𝑔𝑙
(a) mgl (b) (c) (d) 2mgl
157. A body of mass 5 kg is moving with a 2 4
momentum of 10 kg-m/s. A force of 0.2 N acts 169. Once a choice is made regarding zero potential
on it in the direction of motion of the body for energy reference state, the changes in potential
10 seconds. The increase in its kinetic energy is energy
(a) 2.8 J (b) 3.2 J (c) 3.8 J (d) 4.4 J (a) Are same
(b) Are different

8|S P E CTRUM A CA DE M Y DAYAL SIR-9503921809

 (c) Depend strictly on the choice of the zero of 177. A particle of mass 1g having velocity 3𝑖̂ − 2𝑗̂
potential has a glued impact with another particle of mass
energy 2g and velocity as 4𝑗̂ − 6𝑘̂. Velocity of the formed
(d) Become indeterminate particle is
170. A particle moves with a velocity 𝑣⃗ = 5𝑖̂ − 3𝑗̂ + (a) 5.6𝑚𝑠 −1 (b) 0 (c) 6.4𝑚𝑠 −1 (d) 4.6𝑚𝑠 −1
6𝑘̂ 𝑚𝑠 −1 under the influence of a constant force 178. A particle of mass 6 kg moves according to the
𝐹⃗ = 10𝑖̂ + 10𝑗̂ + 20𝑘̂𝑁. The instantaneous power law x = 0.2 t2 + 0.02 t3. Find the work done by
applied to the particle is the force in first 4s.
(a) 200 J-s–1 (b) 40 J-s–1 (a) 1.1231 J (b) 2.6428 J
(c) 140 J-s –1
(d) 170 J-s–1 (c) 2.1324 J (d) 1.6428 J
171. A particle of mass m moving with horizontal 179. A moving electron has KE ‘K’. When a certain
speed 6 m/sec. If m<<M then for one amount of work is done, it moves with one
dimensional elastic collision, the speed of lighter quarter of its velocity in opposite direction. Find
particle after collision will be the work in terms of K.
−15 −17 −5 −3
(a) 2 m/sec in original direction (a) 𝐾 (b) 𝐾 (c) 𝐾 (d) 𝐾
16 16 4 4
(b) 2 m/sec opposite to the original direction 180. A brick of mass 1.8 kg is kept on a spring of
(c) 4 m/sec opposite to the original direction spring constant K = 490 N m-1. The spring is
(d) 4 m/sec in original direction compressed so that after the release brick rises
172. A ball 𝐵1 of mass M moving northwards with to 3.6 m. Find the compression in the spring.
velocity v collides elastically with another ball (a) 0.21 m (b) 0.322 m
𝐵2 of same mass but moving eastwards with the (c) 0.414 m (d) 0.514 m
same velocity v. Which of the following 181. The force F = Cy2𝑗̂ with C as negative constant
statements will be true is _____
(a) 𝐵1 comes to rest but 𝐵2 moves with velocity (a) Conservative (b) Restoring
√2𝑣 (c) Non-conservative (d) None
(b) 𝐵1 moves with velocity √2𝑣 but 𝐵2 comes to 182. Power applied to a particle varies with time as
rest P = [3t2 – 2t + 1] watts. Where t is time in
(c) Both move with velocity 𝑣/√2 in north east seconds. Then the change in kinetic energy of
direction particle between time t = 2s to
(d) 𝐵1 moves eastwards and 𝐵2 moves north t = 4s is –
wards (a) 46 J (b) 52 J (c) 92 J (d) 104 J
173. One sphere collides with another sphere of 183. The only force acting on a block is along x-axis
same mass at rest inelastically. If the value of 4
is given by F =− ( ) 𝑁. When the block moves
1 𝑥 2 +2
coefficient of restitution is , the ratio of their from x = – 2 m to
2
speeds after collision shall be x = 4 m, the change in kinetic energy of block is
(a) 1 : 2 (b) 2 : 1 (c) 1 : 3 (d) 3 : 1 –
174. The ratio of masses of two balls is 2 : 1 and (a) Positive (b) Negative
before collision the ratio of their velocities is 1 : (c) Zero (d) May be positive or negative
2 in mutually opposite direction. After collision 184. The linear momentum of a particle varies with
each ball moves in an opposite direction to its time t as :
initial direction. If e = (5/6), the ratio of speed p = a + bt + ct2 Which of the following
of each ball before and after collision would be statements is correct ?
(a) (5/6) times (a) Force varies with time in a quadratic manner
(b) Equal (b) Force is time-dependent
(c) Not related (c) The velocity of the particle is proportional to
(d) Double for the first ball and half for the time
second ball (d) The displacement of the particle is
175. Two identical billiard balls are in contact on a proportional to time.
table. A third identical ball strikes them 185. A person pushes a block of mass 4 kg up a
symmetrically and come to rest after impact. frictionless inclined plane 10 m long and that
The coefficient of restitution is makes an angle of 30° with the horizontal. Then
2 1 1 √3
(a) (b) (c) (d) the work done is –
3 3 6 2
176. Which of the following is not a perfectly (a) 33.5 J (b) 392 J (c) 196 J (d) – 196 J
→
inelastic collision 186. A particle moves with a velocity 𝑣 = 5𝑖̂ − 3𝑗̂ +
(a) Striking of two glass balls 6𝑘̂ ms–1 under the influence of a constant force
→
(b) A bullet striking a bag of sand 𝐹 = 10𝑖̂ + 10𝑗̂ + 20𝑘̂ N. The instantaneous power
(c) An electron captured by a proton applied to the particle is –
(d) A man jumping onto a moving cart (a) 200 Js–1 (b) 40 Js–1
–1
(c) 140 Js (d) 170 Js–1

9|S P E CTRUM A CA DE M Y DAYAL SIR-9503921809

187. A uniform chain has a mass m and length l. It 199. Which one of the following is true in the case
is held on a frictionless table with one-sixth of of inelastic collision?
its length hanging over the edge. The work done Total energy, Kinetic energy, Momentum
in just pulling the hanging part back on the table (a) Conserved conserved
is – (b) Conserved not conserved
ℓ 𝑚𝑔ℓ 𝑚𝑔ℓ 𝑚𝑔ℓ
(a) mg (b) (c) (d) (c) Conserved conserved not conserved
72 36 12 6
188. The speed v reached by a car of mass m, driven (d) Not conserved not conserved
with constant power P, is given by – 200. A body of mass 1000 kg is moving horizontally
3𝑥𝑃 3𝑥𝑃 1/2
with a velocity 50m/s. A mass of 250 kg is added.
(a) v = (b) v = ( ) Find the final velocity –
𝑚 𝑚
3𝑥𝑃 1/3 3𝑥𝑃 2 (a) 40 m/s (b) 20 m/s
(c) v = ( ) (d) v = ( )
𝑚 𝑚 (c) 30√2m/s (d) 50 m/s
189. A particle of mass 0.5 kg is displaced from 201. A bag of sand of mass 2 kg is suspended by a
→ →
position 𝑟1 (2, 3, 1) to 𝑟2 (4, 3, 2) by applying a rope. A bullet of mass 10g is fired at it and gets
force of magnitude 30 N which is acting along embedded into it. The bag rises up a vertical
(𝑖̂ + 𝑗̂ + 𝑘̂). The work done by the force is – height of 10 cm. The initial velocity of the bullet
(a) 10√3J (b) 30√3J (c) 30 J (d) None of is nearly –
these (a) 70 m/s (b) 140 m/s
190. A body of mass 1 kg is rotated in a horizontal (c) 210 m/s (d) 280 m/s
circle of radius 1 m and moves with velocity 202. The energy required to accelerate a car from
2m/sec. The work done in 10 revolutions is – 10 m/s to 20 m/s is how many times the energy
(a) 40 J (b) 20 J (c) 4 × 2p (10) J (d) required to accelerate the car from rest to 10
Zero m/s?
191. A bomb of mass 9 kg explodes into two parts. (a) Equal (b) 4 times (c) 2 times (d) 3 times
One part of mass 3 kg moves with velocity 16 203. A body is moving in a room with a velocity of
m/s, the kinetic energy of the other part is : 20 m/s perpendicular to the two walls separated
(a) 192 J (b) 200 J (c) 300 J (d) 400 J by 5 meters. There is no friction and the collision
192. A body of mass 1000 kg is moving horizontally with the walls are elastic. The motion of the
with a velocity 50 m/s. A mass of 250 kg is body is
added. Find the final velocity: (a) Not periodic
(a) 40 m/s (b) 20 m/s (c) 30√2m/s (d) 50 m/s (b) Periodic but not simple harmonic
193. Two masses of 1g and 4g are moving with (c) Periodic and simple harmonic
equal kinetic energies. The ratio of the (d) Periodic with variable time period
magnitudes of their momenta is – 204. The bob of a simple pendulum of mass m and
(a) 4 : 1 (b) √2: 1 (c) 1 : 2 (d) 1 : 16 total energy E will have maximum linear
194. On the average, neutrons lose half their energy momentum equal to
per collision with quasi-free protons. Nearly 2𝐸
(a) √ (b) √2𝑚𝐸 (c) 2Me (d) mE2
how many collisions, on the average, are 𝑚
required to reduce a 2 MeV neutron to a thermal 205. A bomb of mass 30 kg at rest explodes into two
energy of 0.04 eV – pieces of masses 18 kg and 12 kg. The velocity of
(a) 12 (b) 26 (c) 15 (d) 32 18 kg mass is 6 ms-1. The KE of the other mass is
195. A hydrogen atom moving at a speed v absorbs (a) 324 J (b) 486 J (c) 256 J (d) 524 J
a photon of wavelength 122 nm and stops. The 206. A stationary bomb explodes into two parts of
value of v is – masses 3kg and 1kg. The total KE of the two
(a) 2.75 m/s (b) 3.25 m/s parts after explosion is 2400 J. The KE of the
(c) 4.85 m/s (d) 5.65 m/s smaller part is
196. A Particle of mass 100 gm moves in a potential (a) 600 J (b) 1800 J (c) 1200 J (d) 2160 J
well given by U = 8x2 – 4x + 400 Joule. Find its 207. A bullet of mass m and velocity v is fired into
acceleration at a distance of 25 cm from a block of mass M and sticks to it. The final
equilibrium in positive direction – velocity of the system equals
𝑀 𝑀𝑣
(a) 0 (b) 40 m/s2 (c) –40 m/s2 (d) 20 m/s2 (a) v (b)
𝑀+𝑚 𝑚+𝑀
197. A machine gun fires a bullet of mass 40 g with 𝑚+𝑀 𝑚+𝑀
(c) ( )𝑣 (d) ( )𝑣
a velocity 1200 m s–1 . The man holding it can 𝑀 𝑚
exert a maximum force of 144 N on the gun. How 208. A mass m with velocity u strikes a wall
many bullets can he fire per second at the most? normally returns with the same speed. The
(a) One (b) Four (c) Two (d) Three change in momentum is
198. The potential energy U for a force field 𝐹⃗ is (a) – mu (b) mu (c) Zero (d) – 2mu
such that U = – Kxy, where K is a constant – 209. If momentum decreases by 20%, KE will
decreases by
(a) 𝐹⃗ = 𝐾𝑦𝑖̂ + 𝐾𝑥𝑗̂ (b) 𝐹⃗ = 𝐾𝑥𝑖̂ + 𝐾𝑦𝑗̂
(a) 40% (b) 18% (c) 36% (d) 8%
(c) 𝐹⃗ = 𝐾𝑦𝑖̂ − 𝐾𝑥𝑗̂ (d) 𝐹⃗ = 𝐾𝑥𝑖̂ − 𝐾𝑦𝑗̂

10 | S P E C T R U M A C A D E M Y DAYAL SIR-9503921809
210. A bullet of mass m leaves a gun of mass M kept 220. The displacement equation of a particle is
on a smooth horizontal surface. If the speed of x = 3 sin 2t + 4cos 2t The amplitude & maximum
the bullet relative to the gun is v, the recoil velocity will be respectively –
speed of the gun will be: (a) 5, 10 (b) 3, 2 (c) 4, 2 (d) 3, 4
𝑚 𝑚 𝑀𝑣 𝑀
(a) v (b) v (c) (d) v. 221. When the displacement is half of the
𝑀 𝑀+𝑚 𝑀+𝑚 𝑚
211. Shown in the figure is a system of three amplitude. The ratio of potential energy to the
particles having masses m1 =1kg, m2 = 2kg and total energy is –
1 1 1
m3 = 4 kg respectively connected by two springs. (a) (b) (c) 1 (d)
2 4 8
The acceleration of A, B and C at any instant are 222. A body falling from a height of 20m rebounds
1m/sec2, 2m/sec2 and 1/2 m/sec2 respectively from hard floor. If it loses 20% energy in the
directed as shown in the figure. The external impact, then coefficient of restitution is
force acting on the system is (a) 0.89 (b) 0.56 (c) 0.23 (d) 0.18
(a) 1N rightward (b) 3N leftward 223. A rubber ball is dropped from a height of 5𝑚
(c) 3N rightward (d) Zero on a planet where the acceleration due to gravity
212. A particle of mass m collides with another is not known. On bouncing, it rises to 1.8𝑚. The
stationary particle of mass M. If the particle m ball loses its velocity on bouncing by a factor of
stops just after the collision, the coefficient of (a) 16/25 (b) 2/5 (c) 3/5 (d) 9/25
restitution of collision is equal to: 224. A particle of mass 10 g is kept on the surface
𝑚 𝑀−𝑚 𝑚
(a) 1 (b) (c) (d) . of a uniform sphere of mass 100 kg and radius
𝑀 𝑀+𝑚 𝑀+𝑚
213. A ping-pong ball of mass m is floating in air by 10 cm. Find the work to be done against the
a jet of water emerging out of a nozzle. If the gravitational force between them to take the
water strikes the ping-pong ball with a speed v particle far away from them
and just after collision water falls dead, the rate (a) 13.34 × 10-10J (b) 3.33 × 10-10J
of mass flow of water in the nozzle is equal to: (c) 6.67 × 10-11J (d) 6.67 × 10-10 J
2𝑚𝑔 𝑚𝑣 𝑚𝑔 225. A bomb of mass 30 kg at rest explodes into two
(a) (b) (c) (d) None of these.
𝑣 𝑔 𝑣 pieces of masses 18 kg and 12 kg. The velocity of
214. A bomb of mass 9 kg explodes into the 18 kg mass is 6 ms-1. The KE of other mass is
fragments of masses 3 kg and 6 kg. The velocity (a) 324 J (b) 486 J (c) 256 J (d) 524 J
of mass 3 kg is 16 m/sec. The energy of explosion 226. A body of mass 1 kg thrown upwards with a
is equal to: velocity of 10 m/s comes to rest (momentarily)
(a) 384 J (b) 576 J (c) 192 J (d) 1152 J after moving up 4m. The work done by air drag
215. A ball strikes a wall with a velocity 𝑢 ⃗⃗ at an in this process is (Take g = 10 m/s2)
angle  with the normal to the wall surface and (a) −20J (b) –10J (c) −30J (d) 0 J
rebounds from it at angle  with the surface. 227. An object is acted upon by the forces 𝐹⃗1 =4𝑖̂N
Then : and 𝐹⃗2 =
(a) (+ ) > 900, if wall is smooth (𝑖̂ − 𝑗̂)N. If the displacement of the object is D =
(b) If the wall is smooth, coefficient of
𝑡𝑎𝑛 𝛽
(𝑖̂ + 6𝑗̂ − 6𝑘̂)m, the kinetic energy of the object
restitution = (a) Remains constant (b) Increases by 1J
𝑐𝑜𝑡 𝜃
(c) If wall is smooth, coefficient of restitution (c) Decreases by 1 J (d) Decreases by 2J
𝑡𝑎𝑛 𝛽
< 228. Power applied to a particle varies with time as
𝑐𝑜𝑡 𝜃
(d) None of these P = (3t2 – 2t + 1) watts, where t is time in
216. The kinetic energy of a body of mass 2kg and seconds. Then the
2Ns is Change in kinetic energy between time t = 2s to
(a) 1J (b) 2J (c) 3J (d) 4J t = 4s is-
217. If two balls, each of mass 0.06kg, moving in (a) 46 J (b) 52 J (c) 92 J (d) 104 J
opposite directions with speed 4m/s, collide and 229. A particle moves in a straight line with its
rebound with the same speed, then impulse retardation
imparted to each ball due to other is proportional to its displacement 'x'. Change in
(a) 0.48 kg-m/s (b) 0.24 kg-m/s kinetic energy is proportional to –
(c) 0.81 kg-m/s (d) Zero (a) x2 (b) ex (c) x (d) loge x
218. A ball strikes a wall with a velocity u and an 230. Water from a stream is falling on the blades of
angle  to the wall and rebound at a velocity v a turbine at the rate of 100 kg/sec. If the height
and at an angle  to the wall. Then of the stream is 100 m, then the power delivered
(a) usin = vsin (b) u = v to the turbine is -
(c) ucos = v sin (d) usin = v (a) 100 kW (b) 100 W (c) 10 kW (d) 1 kW
cos 231. A pump motor is used to deliver water at a
219. A body strikes a wall at an angle  and velocity certain rate from a given pipe. To obtain 'n'
u to rebound at angle angle  and velocity v. times water from the same pipe in the same time
(a) tan = ecot (b) cot = e cot the amount by which the power of the motor
(c) tan = etan (d) cot = e tan should be increased –

11 | S P E C T R U M A C A D E M Y DAYAL SIR-9503921809
 (a) n1/2 (b) n2 (c) n3 (d) n then after 4 s, his displacement relative to the
232. Power developed by a person on eating 100 g ground will be -
of ice per minute is – (a) 5 m (b) 4.8 m (c) 3.2 m (d) 3.0 m
(a) 130 W (b) 560 cal/sec 243. A ball falls from a height of 5m and strikes a
(c) 560 J/sec (d) None lift which is moving in the upward direction
233. A uniform chain of length L and mass M is with a velocity of 1m/s, then the velocity with
lying on a smooth table and one-third of its which the ball rebounds after collision will be –
length is hanging vertically down over the edge (a) 11 m/s downwards (b) 12 m/s upwards
of the table. If g is acceleration due to gravity, (c) 13 m/s upwards (d) 12 m/s downwards
the work required to pull the hanging part on to 244. A rocket is fired with a speed u = 3√𝑔𝑅from
the table is – the earth surface. What will be its speed at
(a) MgL (b) MgL/3 (c) MgL/9 (d) MgL/18 interstellar space ?
234. A particle of mass m is moving in a circular (a) Zero (b) √2𝑔𝑅 (c) √7𝑔𝑅 (d) √3𝑔𝑅
path of constant radius r such that its centripetal 245. A spring gun of spring constant 90 N/cm is
acceleration ac is varying with time t as ac = k2 compressed 12 cm by a ball of mass 16 g. If the
rt2, where k is a constant. The power delivered trigger is pulled, the velocity of the ball is –
to the particle by the force acting on it is – (a) 50 ms–1 (b) 90 ms–1 (c) 40 ms–1 (d) 60 ms–1
(a) 2p mk2 r2 (b) mk2 r2t 246. A ball is dropped from a height h on a floor of
(𝑚𝐾 4 𝑟 2 𝑡 5 )
(c) (d) Zero coefficient of restitution e. The total distance
3
235. A cord is used to lower vertically a block of covered by the ball just before second hit is –
mass M a distance d at a constant downward (a) h(1–2e2) (b) h(1 + 2e2)
2
acceleration of g/4. Then the work done by the (c) h(1 + e ) (d) he2
cord on the block is – 247. A bomb of mass 9kg explodes into the
(a) Mgd/4 (b) 3 Mgd/4 fragments of masses 3kg and 6kg. The velocity
(c) Mgd (d) – 3Mgd/4 of mass 3kg is 16m/sec. The energy of explosion
236. The ratio of work done by the internal forces is equal to
of a car in order to change its speed from 0 to V, (a) 384J (b) 576J (c) 192J (d) 1152J
from V to 2V is (Assume that the car moves on a 248. A ball is dropped from a height h on a
horizontal road) – horizontal plane and the coefficient of
(a) 1 (b) ½ (c) 1/3 (d) ¼ restitution for the impact is e, the velocity with
237. A force 𝐹⃗ = 8𝑖̂ − 6𝑗̂ − 10𝑘̂ Newton produces an which the ball rebounds from the floor is
acceleration of 1ms–2 in a body. The mass of the (a) eh (b) egh (c) 𝑒√𝑔ℎ (d) 𝑒√2𝑔ℎ
body is – 249. Two bodies of masses m and 4m are moving
(a) 10 kg (b) 10√2kg (c) 10√3kg (d) 200 kg with equal momentum. The ratio of their K.E. is
238. Power applied to a particle varies with time as (a) 1 : 4 (b) 4 : 1 (c) 1 : 1 (d) 1 : 2
P = [3t2 – 2t + 1] watts. Where t is time in 250. An object of mass m is released from the top of
seconds. Then the change in kinetic energy of a smooth inclined plane of height h. Its speed at
particle between time t = 2s to the bottom of the plane is proportional to :
t = 4s is – (a) 𝑚0 (b) m (c) 𝑚2 (d) 𝑚−1
(a) 46 J (b) 52 J (c) 92 J (d) 104 J 251. A body is being raised to a height h from the
239. A ball is dropped from a height h on a floor of surface of earth. What is the sign of work done
coefficient of restitution e. The total distance by :
covered by the just before second hit is : (i) Applied force
(a) h(1 – 2e2) (b) h(1 + 2e2) (ii) Gravitational force?
2
(c) h(1 + e ) (d) he2 (a) Positive, Positive. (b) Positive, Negative
240. A shell of mass 10 kg is moving with a velocity (c) Negative, Positive (d) Negative, Negative
of 10 ms–1 when it blasts and forms two parts of 252. The angle between force 𝐹⃗ = (3𝑖̂ + 4𝑗̂ − 5𝑘̂)
mass 9 kg and 1 kg respectively. If the Ist mass is unit and displacement 𝑑⃗ = (5𝑖̂ + 4𝑗̂ + 3𝑘̂ ) unit is :
stationary, the velocity of the IInd is : (a) 𝑐𝑜𝑠 −1 ( 0.16) (b) 𝑐𝑜𝑠 −1 ( 0.32)
−1
(a) 1 m/s (b) 10 m/s (c) 100 m/s(d) 1000 m/s (c) 𝑐𝑜𝑠 ( 0.24) (d) 𝑐𝑜𝑠 −1 ( 0.64)
241. A ball is dropped from a height h on a floor of 253. The correct relation between joule and erg is :
coefficient of restitution e. The total distance (a) 1𝐽 = 10−5 𝑒𝑟𝑔 (b) 1𝐽 = 105 𝑒𝑟𝑔
−7
covered by the ball just before second hit is – (c) 1𝐽 = 10 𝑒𝑟𝑔 (d) 1𝐽 = 107 𝑒𝑟𝑔
(a) h(1 – 2e2) (b) h(1 + 2e2) 254. A weightlifter lifts a weight off the ground and
2
(c) h(1 + e ) (d) he2 holds it up :
242. A man weighing 80 kg is standing in a trolley (a) Work is done in lifting as well as holding the
weighing 320 kg. The trolley is resting on weight
frictionless horizontal rails. If the man start (b) No work is done in both lifting and holding
walking on the trolley with a speed of 1 m/s, the weight

12 | S P E C T R U M A C A D E M Y DAYAL SIR-9503921809
 (c) Work is done in lifting the weight but no (a) Total energy (b) Kinetic energy
work is required to done in holding it up) (c) Potential energy (d) None of these
(d) No work is done in lifting the weight but 265. Which one of the following is not a
work is required to be done in holding it up conservative force?
255. Which of the following statements is (a) Force of friction (b) Magnetic force
incorrect? (c) Gravitational force (d) Electrostatic force
(a) Kinetic energy may be zero, positive or 266. Identify the false statement from the
negative following:
(b) Power, energy and work are all scalars (a) Work-energy theorem is not independent of
(c) Potential energy may be zero, positive or Newton’s
negative second law
(d) Ballistic pendulum is a device for measuring (b) Work-energy theorem holds in all inertial
the speed of bullets frames
256. A 120 g mass has a velocity 𝑣⃗ = 2𝑖̂ + 5𝑗̂𝑚𝑠 −1 at a (c) Work done by frication over a closed path is
certain instant. Its kinetic energy is : zero
(a) 3 J (b) 4 J (c) 5 J (d) 1.74 J (d) Work done is a scalar quantity
257. The work done by a body against friction 267. Which of the following statements is
always results in : incorrect?
(a) Loss of kinetic energy (a) Nowork is done if the displacement is
(b) Loss of potential energy perpendicular to the direction of the applied
(c) Gain of kinetic energy force
(d) Gain of potential energy (b) If the angle between the force and
258. The average energy consumed by a human displacement vectors is obtuse, then the work
being in a day is: done is negative
(a) 2400 cal (b) 2400 J (c) Frictional force is a non-conservation
(c) 2400 KJ (d) 2400 Kcal (d) All the central forces are non-conservative
259. A truck and a car moving with the same kinetic 268. The amount of energy released in burning 1 kg
energy are brought to rest by the application of of coal is:
brakes which provide equal retarding forces. (a) 3 MJ (b) 30 MJ (c) 300 MJ (d) 3000 MJ
Which of them will come to rest in a shorter 269. Which of the following statements is correct?
distance? (a) Heat is absorbed in exothermic reaction
(a) The truck (b) Heat is released in endothermic reaction
(b) The car (c) Energy released in burning 1 litre of gasoline
(c) Both will travel the same distance before is 300 MJ
coming to rest (d) Chemical energy is associated with the
(d) Cannot be predicted forces that give rise to the stability of substances
260. If the force acting on a body is inversely 270. Energy required to break one bond in DNA is:
proportional to its speed, then its kinetic energy (a) 10−10 𝐽 (b) 10−18 𝐽 (c) 10−7 𝐽 ( d) 10−20 𝐽
is : 271. Which of the following units is not a unit of
(a) Linearly related to time energy?
(b) Inversely proportional to time (a) Kilowatt (b) Watt (c) Erg (d) Calorie
(c) Inversely proportional to the square of time 272. 1 kilowatt hour (k Wt) is equal to:
(d) A constant (a) 2.25 × 1022 𝑒𝑉 (b) 2.25 × 1023 𝑒𝑉
25
261. The area under force-displacement curve (c) 2.25 × 10 𝑒𝑉 (d) 2.25 × 1027 𝑒𝑉
represents: 273. Consider the following statements A and B.
(a) Velocity (b) Acceleration Identify the correct choice in the given answers:
(c) Impulse (d) Work done A. In a one dimensional perfectly elastic collision
262. The potential energy of a system increases if between two moving bodies of equal masses, the
work is done: bodies merely exchange their velocities after
(a) Upon the system by a non-conservative force collision
(b) By the system against a conservative force B. If a lighter body at rest suffers perfectly
(c) By the system against a non-conservative elastic collision with a very heavy body moving
force with a certain velocity, then after collision both
(d) Upon the system by a conservative force travel with same velocity
263. A ball bounces to 80% of its original height. (a) A and B are correct
What fraction of its mechanical energy is lost in (b) Both A and B are wrong
each bounce? (c) A is correct, B is wrong
(a) 0.20 (b) 0.60 (c) 0.40 (d) 1 (d) A is wrong, B is correct
264. The negative of the work done by the 274. When two spheres of equal masses undergo
conservative internal forces on a system equals glancing elastic collision with one of them at
to the change in: rest, after collision they will move:

13 | S P E C T R U M A C A D E M Y DAYAL SIR-9503921809
 (a) Opposite to one another
(b) In the same direction
(c) Together
(d) At right angle to each other
275. Fast neutrons can easily be slowed down by:
(a) The use of lead shield
(b) Passing them through heavy water
(c) Elastic collision with heavy nucleus
(d) Applying a strong electric field
276. A man squatting on the ground gets straight
up and stands. The force of reaction of ground
on the man during the process is.
(a) Constant and equal to mg in magnitude.
(b) Constant and greater than mg in magnitude.
(c) Variable but always greater than mg.
(d) At first greater than mg, and later becomes
equal to mg.
277. A body is falling freely under the action of
gravity alone in vacuum which of the following
quantities remain constant during the fall?
(a) Kinetic energy
(b) Potential energy
(c) Total mechanical energy
(d) Total linear momentum
278. During inelastic collision between two bodies,
which of the following quantities always remain
conserved?
(a) Total kinetic energy
(b) Total mechanical energy
(c) Total linear momentum
(d) Speed of each body
279. A block of mass 2 kg initially at rest moves
under the action of an applied horizontal force
of 6 N on a rough horizontal surface. The
coefficient of friction between block and surface
is 0.1. The work done by friction in 10 s is (Take
𝑔 = 10𝑚𝑠 −2 )
(a) 200 J (b) -200 J (c) 600 J (d) -600 J
280. One man takes 1 minute to raise a box to a
1
height of 1 metre and another man takes minute
2
to do so. The energy of the two is:
(a) Different
(b) Same
(c) Energy of the first is more
(d) Energy of the second is more
281. One milligram of matter is converted into
energy. The energy released will be:
(a) 9 × 106 𝐽 (b) 9 × 108 𝐽
10
(c) 9 × 10 𝐽 (d) 9 × 1012 𝐽
282. A crane lifts a mass of 100 kg to a height of 10
m in 20 s. The power of the crane is: (Take 𝑔 =
10𝑚𝑠 −2 )
(a) 100 W (b) 200 W (c) 250 W (d) 500 W

14 | S P E C T R U M A C A D E M Y DAYAL SIR-9503921809
 solution t2 t
1. (b) Sol. s =  ds = dt
4 2
Sol. Work done by centripetal force is always md 2 s 6 d 2  t 2 
zero, because force and instantaneous F = ma = = 2   = 3N
dt 2 dt  4 
displacement are always
perpendicular. Now

 
2
W = F.s = Fs cos = Fs cos(90) = 0 2 2 3 t2 
 
t 3
W = F ds = 3 dt =   = (2) 2 − (0) 2 = 3 J
2. (a) 0 0 2 2  2  0 4
Sol. Work = Force × Displacement (length) 14. (d)
If unit of force and length be increased by four
Sol. Net force on body = 4 2 + 3 2 = 5 N
times then the unit of energy will increase by 16
times.  a = F / m = 5 / 10 = 1 / 2 m/s 2
3. (c) 1 1
Kinetic energy = mv 2 = m (at )2 = 125 J
Sol. No displacement is there. 2 2
4. (d) 15. (d)
Sol. Stopping distance S  u 2 . If the speed is u2 10  10
Sol. s = = = 10 m
doubled then the stopping distance will be four 2 g 2  0 .5  10
times. 16. (d)
5. (b)
Sol. W = F.s = (3ˆi + 4 ˆj).(3ˆi + 4 ˆj) = 9 + 16 = 25 J
Sol. Work done = Force × displacement
= Weight of the book × Height of the book shelf 17. (d)
6. (b) Sol. Total mass = (50 + 20) = 70 kg
Sol. Work done does not depend on time. Total height = 20 × 0.25 = 5m
7. (a)  Work done = mgh = 70 × 9.8 × 5
dx = 3430 J
Sol. v = = 3 − 8 t + 3t 2 18. (d)
dt
 v 0 = 3 m / s and v 4 = 19 m /s Sol. W = F.s = (6ˆi + 2ˆj − 3kˆ ).(2ˆi − 3ˆj + x kˆ ) = 0
1 12 − 6 − 3 x = 0  x = 2
W = m (v 42 − v 02 ) (According to work energy
2 19. (a)
1
theorem) =  0 . 03  (19 2 − 3 2 ) = 5 .28 J Sol. W = F.(r2 − r1 ) = (4ˆi + ˆj + 3kˆ )(11ˆi + 11ˆj + 15kˆ )
2 W = 44 + 11 + 45 = 100 Joule
8. (d) 20. (c)
Sol. As the body moves in the direction of force
therefore work done by gravitational force will Sol. W = (3ˆi + cˆj + 2kˆ ).(−4ˆi + 2ˆj + 3kˆ ) = 6 J
be positive. W = −12 + 2c + 6 = 6  c = 6
W = Fs = mgh = 10  9 . 8  10 = 980 J 21. (a)
Sol. Both part will have numerically equal
momentum and lighter part will have more
velocity.
22. (d)
Sol. Watt and Horsepower are the unit of power
23. (c)
F2
Sol. W =
9. (d) 2k
Sol. W = F.s = (5ˆi + 6 ˆj − 4 kˆ ).(6ˆi + 5kˆ ) = 30 − 20 = 10 If both springs are stretched by same force then
1
units W
k
10. (b)
As k1  k 2 therefore W1  W2 i.e. more work is
1  1 
Sol. W = Fs = F  at 2 from s = ut + at2  done in case of second spring.
2  2 
24. (a)
 1  F  2  F 2 t 2 25  (1)2 25 5
 W = F  t  = = = = J 1 1
2  m   2m 2  15 30 6 Sol. P.E. = k (x 22 − x 12 ) =  10 [(0 .25 )2 − (0 .20 )2 ]
2 2
11. (b) = 5  0 . 45  0 . 05 = 0 . 1 J
Sol. Work done on the body = K.E. gained by the 25. (a)
body 1
1 1 Sol. kS 2
= 10 J (given in the problem)
Fs cos = 1  F cos = = = 2 .5 N 2
s 0 .4
12. (b)
1
2
 1

k (2 S )2 − (S )2 = 3  kS 2 = 3 × 10 = 30 J
2
Sol. Work done = mgh = 10  9 .8  1 = 98 J
26. (d)
13. (d)

15 | S P E C T R U M A C A D E M Y DAYAL SIR-9503921809
 F 10 Sol. This condition is applicable for simple
Sol. Here k = = = 10 4 N / m
x 1  10 − 3 harmonic motion. As particle moves from mean
1 2 1 position to extreme position its potential energy
W = kx =  10 4  (40  10 − 3 )2 = 8 J
2 2 1
increases according to expression U = kx 2
and
27. (d) 2
5 5 accordingly kinetic energy decreases.

0

Sol. W = Fdx = (7 − 2 x + 3 x 2 ) dx = [7 x − x 2 + x 3 ]50
0
38. (c)
1 2
= 35 – 25 + 125 = 135 J Sol. Potential energy U = kx
2
28. (d)
 U  x 2 [if k = constant]
t3
Sol. S =  dS = t 2 dt If elongation made 4 times then potential energy
3 will become 16 times.
2
d S d 2  t3  39. (d)
a = 2 = 2   = 2 t m /s 2
dt dt  3  U2  x 2 
2 2
 = 
0.1 
Sol. U  x2  =  = 25 
Now work done by the force U1  x 1 
  0.02 
 
2 2 2 2
3 4 2
U 2 = 25 U
W =  F.dS =  m a.dS  3  2t  t
2
dt =  6 t 3 dt = t 0 =
0 0 0 0 2
40. (a)
24 J Sol. If x is the extension produced in spring.
(b) F m g 20  9 .8
29. F = kx  x = = = = 4 . 9 cm
1
Sol. W = kx 2 k k 4000
2
41. (a)
If both wires are stretched through same F2 T 2
distance then W  k . As k 2 = 2k 1 so W2 = 2W1 Sol. U = =
2k 2k
30. (b) 42. (d)
1 1 m 0 .1 dU
Sol. mv 2 = kx 2  x = v = 10 = 0.1 m Sol. Condition for stable equilibrium F = − =0
2 2 k 1000 dx
31. (c) d  a b 
 − − = 0  − 12 ax −13 + 6 bx −7 = 0
Sol. Force constant of a spring dx  x 12 x 6 
F mg 1  10
k= = =  k = 500 N /m 
12 a 6 b
= 7 
2a
= x6  x =
2a
2  10 − 2
6
x x
x 13 x b b
Increment in the length = 60 – 50 = 10 cm
43. (d)
1 2 1
U= kx = 500 (10  10 − 2 )2 = 2 . 5 J Sol. Friction is a non-conservative force.
2 2
44. (c)
32. (b)
Sol. P = 2mE  P m (if E = const.) 
1 1
Sol. W = k (x 22 − x 12 ) =  800  (15 2 − 5 2 )  10 − 4 = 8 J
2 2 P1 m1
=
33. (c) P2 m2
1
Sol. 100 = kx 2
(given) 45. (c)
2
Sol. Work in raising a box
1 1 = (weight of the box) × (height by which it is
W= k (x 22 − x 12 ) = k [( 2 x )2 − x 2 ]
2 2 raised)
1  46. (a)
= 3   kx 2  = 3  100 = 300 J
2  P2 1
Sol. E = if P = constant then E 
34. (d) 2m m
1 2 47. (a)
Sol. U = kx if x becomes 5 times then energy
2 Sol. Body at rest may possess potential energy.
will become 25 times i.e. 4  25 = 100 J 48. (b)
35. (c) Sol. Due to theory of relativity.
W =
1 1
k (x 22 − x 12 ) =  5  10 3 (10 2 − 5 2 )  10 − 4 49. (d)
Sol.
2 2 P2
= 18 . 75 J
Sol. E =  E  P 2 i.e. if P is increased n times
2m
36. (a) then E will increase n2 times.
Sol. The kinetic energy of mass is converted into 50. (c)
potential energy of a spring Sol. P.E. of bob at point A = mgl
1 1 m v2 0 . 5  (1 . 5)2 This amount of energy will be converted into
mv 2 = kx 2  x = = = 0 .15 m
2 2 k 50 kinetic energy
 K.E. of bob at point B = mgl
37. (a)

16 | S P E C T R U M A C A D E M Y DAYAL SIR-9503921809
 u2 400
 n= =
2as 39
 n = 10.25
As the planks are more than 10 so we can consider
n = 11
54. (b)
Sol. Let h is that height at which the kinetic
energy of the body becomes half its original
value i.e. half of its kinetic energy will convert
and as the collision between bob and block (of
into potential energy
same mass) is elastic so after collision bob will
490 490
come to rest and total Kinetic energy will be  mgh =  2  9 .8  h =  h = 12.5m.
2 2
transferred to block. So kinetic energy of block
55. (a)
= mgl
Sol. Let initial kinetic energy, E1 = E
51. (b)
Sol. According to conservation of momentum Final kinetic energy, E 2 = E + 300 % of E = 4E
Momentum of tank = Momentum of shell P2 E2 4E
As P  E  = = = 2  P2 = 2P1
125000 × vtank = 25 × 1000  vtank = 0.2 ft/sec. P1 E1 E
52. (d)
 P2 = P1 + 100 % of P1
Sol. As the initial momentum of bomb was zero,
therefore after explosion two parts should i.e. Momentum will increase by 100%.
possess numerically equal momentum 56. (b)
Sol. P = 2mE if E are equal then P  m
i.e. heavier body will possess greater
momentum.
57. (c)
i.e. m A v A = m B v B  4  v A = 8  6  v A = 12 m /s Sol. Let P1 = P , P2 = P1 + 50 % of P1 =
1 P1 3 P1
 Kinetic energy of other mass A, = m A v 2A P1 + =
2 2 2
2 2
1
 4  (12 ) 2 = 288 J. E P   3 P /2  9
=
2 E  P  2 =  2  =  1  =
2
E1  P1   1 
P 4
53. (c)
 E 2 = 2 .25 E = E1 + 1 . 25 E1
Sol. Let the thickness of one plank is s if bullet
enters with velocity u then it leaves with  E 2 = E1 + 125 % of E1
velocity i.e. kinetic energy will increase by 125%.
58. (b)
Sol.

As the body splits into two equal parts due to

internal explosion therefore momentum of
system remains conserved i.e. 8  2 = 4 v1 + 4 v 2 
v1 + v 2 = 4 …(i)
By the law of conservation of energy
Initial kinetic energy + Energy released due to
explosion
= Final kinetic energy of the system
1 1 1
  8  (2)2 + 16 = 4 v12 + 4 v 22
2 2 2
 v12 + v 22 = 16 …(ii)
By solving eq. (i) and (ii) we get v 1 = 4 and
 u  19
v = u − = u v2 = 0
 20  20
i.e. one part comes to rest and other moves in
from v 2 = u 2 − 2as
2
the same direction as that of original body.
 19  400 u 2
  u  = u 2 − 2as  = 59. (d)
 20  39 2as
Sol. P = 2 m E  P  E
Now if the n planks are arranged just to stop the
i.e. if kinetic energy of a particle is doubled the
bullet then again from v 2 = u 2 − 2as
its momentum will becomes 2 times.
0 = u 2 − 2 ans

17 | S P E C T R U M A C A D E M Y DAYAL SIR-9503921809
60. (b) Slope is given 1 in 20
Sol. Potential energy = mgh 1
 sin  =
Potential energy is maximum when h is 20
maximum
61. (c)
Sol. If particle is projected vertically upward
with velocity of 2m/s then it returns with the
same velocity.
So its kinetic energy
1 1
= mv 2
=  2  (2) 2 = 4 J
2 2
62. (c) When man and cycle moves up then component
P2 of weight opposes it motion i.e.
Sol. E= if bodies possess equal linear So power of the man
2m
P = F  v = mg sin   v = 100  9 .8  
momenta then 1 
  2 = 98 Watt
1 E m  20 
E i.e. 1 = 2
m E2 m1 71. (b)
63. (d) Sol. If a motor of 12 HP works for 10 days at the
Sol. s  u 2 i.e. if speed becomes double then rate of 8 hr/day then energy consumption =
stopping distance will become four times i.e. power × time
8  4 = 32m J
= 12  746  (80  60  60 ) sec
sec
64. (c)
Sol. s  u 2 i.e. if speed becomes three times then = 12  746  80  60  60 J = 2.5 × 109 J
distance needed for stopping will be nine times. Rate of energy =
65. (a) paisa
50
Sol. P = 2 m E  P  E kWh
1 i.e. 3 .6  10 6 J energy cost 0.5 Rs
Percentage increase in P= (percentage
2 So 2.5 × 109 J energy cost
increase in E) 2.5  10 9
1 = = 358 Rs
= (0 . 1 %) = 0 . 05 % 2  3.6  10 6
2
72. (c)
66. (c) Sol. P = Fv = 500  3 = 1500 W = 1 . 5 kW
1
Sol. Kinetic energy = mv 2
 K.E.  v2 73. (a)
2
s 30
If velocity is doubled then kinetic energy will Sol. P = Fv = F  = 40  = 20 W
t 60
become four times.
74. (b)
67. (d)
Sol. P = Fv = 4500  2 = 9000 W = 9 kW
P1 m1
Sol. P = 2mE  = (if E = constant) 75. (d)
P2 m2
Workdone mgh
P 3 Sol. P = =
 1 = Time t
P2 1
300  9 . 8  2
68. (d) = = 1960 W
3
Sol. In compression or extension of a spring
work is done against restoring force. In moving 76. (c)
mgh 200  40  10
a body against gravity work is done against Sol. P = = 10  10 3  t = = 8 sec
t 10  10 3
gravitational force of attraction. It means in all
three cases potential energy of the system 77. (d)
mgh 100  9 . 8  50
increases. Sol. P = = = 980 J/s
t 50
But when the bubble rises in the direction of
upthrust force then system works so the 78. (a)
potential energy of the system decreases. m 
Sol. P =   gh = 100  10  100 = 10 W = 100 kW
5

69. (d)  t 

79. (a)
Sol. P = F.v = ma at = ma t [as u = 0]
2

mgh 200  10  200

v 
2
mv2t Sol. p = = = 40 kW
= m  1  t = 21
 As a = v1 / t1  t 10
 t1  t1 80. (c)
70. (d) Sol. Volume of water to raise = 22380 l =
km 5 22380×10–3m3
Sol. v = 7 .2 = 7 .2  = 2 m /s
h 18

18 | S P E C T R U M A C A D E M Y DAYAL SIR-9503921809
 mgh Vgh Vgh F.s (2ˆi + 3 ˆj + 4 kˆ ).(3ˆi + 4 ˆj + 5 kˆ ) 38
P= =  t= Sol. P = = = = 9 .5 W
t t P t 4 4
22380  10 −3  10 3  10  10 89. (a)
t= = 15 min
10  746 W mgh 200  10  50
Sol. P = = = = 10  10 3 W
(c) t t 10
81. P 30  10 3 90. (a)
Sol. Force produced by the engine F = =
v 30 Total K.E. of fired bullet
Sol. Power of gun =
=10 N 3 time
Forward force by engine – resistive force 1
Acceleration = n mv2
360 1
mass of car = 2 =   2  10 − 2  (100)2 = 600 W
1000 − 750 250 1 t 60 2
= = = m /s 2
1250 1250 5 91. (c)
Sol. According to law of conservation of linear
82. (a)
Sol. As truck is moving on an incline plane momentum both pieces should possess equal
therefore only component of weight (mg sin  ) momentum after explosion. As their masses are
will oppose the upward motion equal therefore they will possess equal speed in
Power = force × velocity = mg sin   v opposite direction.
92. (c)
 1  30  5
= 30000  10    = 25 kW Sol.
 100  18
83. (c)
mgh P m t
Sol. P =  1 = 1  2 (As h =
t P2 m 2 t 1
constant)
P1 60 11 11 Initial linear momentum of system
 =  =  
P2 50 12 10 = m Av A + m Bv B
84. (a) = 0.2 × 0.3 + 0.4 × vB
mgh 80  9 . 8  6 470 Finally both balls come to rest
Sol. p = = W = HP = 0 . 63 HP
t 10 746  final linear momentum = 0
85. (b) By the law of conservation of linear momenum
Work done Increase in K.E. 0.2 × 0.3 + 0.4 × vB = 0
Sol. Power = =
0 .2  0 .3
time time
 vB = − = −0 . 15 m /s
1 1 0 .4
mv2  10 3  (15)2
P= 2 = 2 = 22500W 93. (c)
t 5 Sol. For a collision between two identical
86. (a) perfectly elastic particles of equal mass,
Sol. Motor makes 600 revolution per minute velocities after collision get interchanged.
revolution rev 94. (b)
 n = 600 = 10
minute sec Sol.
1
 Time required for one revolution = sec
10
Energy required for one revolution = power ×
time
1 1 746
=  746  = J
4 10 40
But work done = 40% of input
746 40 746
= 40 %  =  = 7 . 46 J
40 100 40
87. (a) Momentum of ball (mass m) before explosion at
Sol. Work output of engine = mgh the highest point = mv ˆi = mu cos 60 ˆi
= 100  10  10 = 10 4 J 1
= m  200  ˆi = 100 mˆi kgm s
−1
output outupt 2
Efficiency () =  Input energy =
input 
10 4 10 5
=  100 = J
60 6
input energy
 Power =
time
10 5 /6 10 5
= = 3.3 kW
5 30
88. (a)

19 | S P E C T R U M A C A D E M Y DAYAL SIR-9503921809
 Let the velocity of third part after explosion is V
After explosion momentum of system =
  
P1 + P2 + P3
m m m
=  100 ˆj −  100 ˆj +  Vˆi According to conservation of momentum
3 3 3 4v
By comparing momentum of system before and 4 v + 234 V = 238 × 0  V = −
234
after the explosion 101. (c)
m m m
 100 ˆj −  100 ˆj + Vˆi = 100 m ˆi  V = 300 m /s Sol. Velocity exchange takes place when the
3 3 3
masses of bodies are equal
95. (c) 102. (d)
Sol. Change in the momentum Sol. In perfectly elastic head on collision of equal
= Final momentum – initial momentum masses velocities gets interchanged
103. (a)
Sol.

  
For lead ball Plead = 0 − m v = −m v
For tennis ball
     m − m2  2m 2 u 2
Ptennis = −m v − m v = −2m v v1 =  1  u1 +

 1
m + m 2  m 1 + m2
i.e. tennis ball suffers a greater change in
Substituting m1 = 0, v1 = −u1 + 2u 2
momentum.
96. (d)  v1 = − 6 + 2(4 ) = 2m/s
Sol. i.e. the lighter particle will move in original
direction with the speed of 2 m/s.
104. (d)
Sol.

According to conservation of momentum

m   3m  4
m v =   v1 +   v2  v2 = v
 
4  4  3

Px = m  v x = 1  21 = 21 kg m /s 105. (d)
Sol.
Py = m  vy = 1  21 = 21 kg m/s

 Resultant = Px2 + Py2 = 21 2 kg m/s

The momentum of heavier fragment should be
 
numerically equal to resultant of Px and Py .
As m 1 = m 2 therefore after elastic collision
3 v = Px2 + Py2 = 21 2  v = 7 2 = 9.89 m/s velocities of masses get interchanged
(b) i.e. velocity of mass m 1 = −5 m /s
97.
Sol. We know that when heavier body strikes and velocity of mass m 2 = +3 m /s
elastically with a lighter body then after 106. (a)
collision lighter body will move with double 1
4
32
velocity that of heavier body. i.e. the ping pong Sol. hn = he 2n = 32  = = 2m (here n = 2, e =
2 16
ball move with speed of 2  2 = 4 m/s
1/2)
98. (d) 107. (c)
Sol. Change in momentum Sol. As the body at rest explodes into two equal
 
= mv 2 − mv1 = −mv − mv = −2mv parts, they acquire equal velocities in opposite
99. (c) directions according to conservation of
m B v B 50  10 −3  30 momentum. When the angle between the radius
Sol. m G = = 1.5 kg vectors connecting the point of explosion to the
vG 1
fragments is 90°, each radius vector makes an
100. (a)
angle 45° with the vertical. To satisfy this
Sol. Initially 238U nucleus was at rest and after
condition, the distance of free fall AD should be
decay its part moves in opposite direction.
equal to the horizontal range in same interval of
time.

20 | S P E C T R U M A C A D E M Y DAYAL SIR-9503921809
 117. (b)
Sol.

AD = DB
Initially bullet moves with velocity b and after
1 collision bullet get embedded in block and both
AD = 0 +  10 t 2 = 5 t 2 move together with common velocity.
2
DB = ut = 10t By the conservation of momentum
ab
 5 t = 10 t  t = 2 sec
2
 a  b + 0 = (a + c) V  V =
a+c
108. (a)
118. (d)
m −m   2m 
Sol. v 1 =  1 2
 u1 + 

2

 m + m  u 2 and Sol. Initially mass 10 gm moves with velocity
 m1 + m 2   1 2  100 cm/s
 2m 1
  m − m2  gm  m
v 2 =   u1 +  1


 m + m u2  Initial momentum = 10 × 100 = 1000
 m1 + m 2
  1 2 
sec
on putting the values v 1 = 6 m / s and v 2 = 12 m / s After collision system moves with velocity v sys.
109. (b) then
dp dv m  2v 2  2  100 Final momentum = (10 + 10)  vsys.
Sol. F = =m = = = 2  10 4 N
dt dt 1/50 1/50 By applying the conservation of momentum
110. (d) 10000 = 20  vsys.  vsys. == 50 cm/s
Sol. hn = he 2n = 1  e 21 = 1  (0.6)2 = 0.36m If system rises upto height h then
2
111. (d) v sys. 50  50 2 .5
h= = = = 1 .25 cm
Sol. hn = he 2n , if n = 2 then hn = he 4 2g 2  1000 2
112. (b) 119. (c)
Sol. Impulse = change in momentum Sol. m 1 v 1 − m 2 v 2 = (m 1 + m 2 )v
mv 2 − mv 1 = 0 .1  40 − 0 .1  (−30 ) 2
 2  3 − 1  4 = (2 + 1) v  v = m /s
113. (b) 3
Sol. In elastic head on collision velocities gets 120. (c)
interchanged. Sol. Initial momentum of the system =
114. (a) mv − mv = 0
Sol. Impulse = change in momentum As body sticks together  final momentum =
= 2 mv 2mV
= 2  0 .06  4 = 0 . 48 kg m /s By conservation of momentum 2mV = 0  V = 0
115. (b) 121. (a)
Sol. When ball falls vertically downward from Sol. If initially second body is at rest then
height h 1 its velocity v1 = 2gh1 and its velocity Initial momentum = mv Final momentum = 2mV
By conservation of momentum 2mV = mv 
after collision v
V=
v 2 = 2gh2 2
Change in momentum 122. (d)

P = m(v 2 − v 1 ) = m( 2 gh1 + 2 gh2 ) Sol.

(because v 1 and v 2 are opposite in direction)

116. (a)
Sol. Velocity of 50 kg. mass after 5 sec of
projection v = u − gt = 100 − 9 .8  5 = 51 m/s
At this instant momentum of body is in upward
direction
Pinitial = 50  51 = 2550 kg − m /s
After breaking 20 kg piece travels upwards with Initial momentum = mv Final momentum =
150 m/s let the speed of 30 kg mass is V (m + M )V
Pfinal = 20  150 + 30  V By conservation of momentum mv = (m + M )V
By the law of conservation of momentum mv
 Velocity of (bag + bullet) system V =
Pinitial = Pfinal M +m
1
 2550 = 20  150 + 30  V  V = −15 m /s  Kinetic energy = (m + M ) V 2
2
i.e. it moves in downward direction.

21 | S P E C T R U M A C A D E M Y DAYAL SIR-9503921809
 1  mv 
2
1 m 2v 2 3m = 3m  V  V = 1 km /h
= (m + M )  =
2 M +m 2 M +m 127. (d)
123. (b) Sol. Loss in K.E. = (initial K.E. – Final K.E.) of
Sol. system
1 1 1
m 1 u 12 + m 2 u 22 − (m 1 + m 2 )V 2
2 2 2
1 1 1
Initial K.E. of system = K.E. of the bullet = = 3  (32 ) 2 +  4  (5) 2 −  (3 + 4 )  (5) 2 = 986.5 J
2 2 2
1
m B v B2 128. (a)
2
Sol. Momentum of earth-ball system remains
By the law of conservation of linear momentum conserved.
m BvB + 0 = msys.  vsys.
129. (b)
m Bv B 50  10 Sol. v = 36 km /h = 10 m /s
 v sys. = = = 0 .5 m /s
m sys. 50 + 950
By law of conservation of momentum
1 1
m B v B2 − m sys.v sys.
2 2  10 = (2 + 3) V  V = 4 m /s
Fractional loss in K.E. = 2 2
1 Loss in K.E.
m B v B2 1 1
2 =  2  (10 )2 −  5  (4 )2 = 60 J
2 2
By substituting m B = 50  10 −3 kg, v B = 10 m/s
(d)
msys. = 1kg, vs = 0.5 m/s we get 130. 
Sol. Initial momentum = P = mvˆi + mvˆj
95 
Fractional loss =  Percentage loss = 95% | P | = 2m v
100
124. (b) Final momentum = 2m  V
Sol. By the law of conservation of momentum
v
2m  V = 2 m v  V =
2
In the problem v = 10 m /s (given)
10
 V= = 5 2 m/s
2
131. (b)
Sol. m1v1 + m2v2 = (m1 + m2 )vsys.
20  10 + 5  0 = (20 + 5) vsys.  vsys. = 8 m/s

 K.E. of composite mass

Initial momentum P = m 45 2 ˆi + m 45 2 ˆj  =
1
(20 + 5 )  (8 ) 2 = 800 J
 2
| P | = m  90
132. (c)
Final momentum 2m  V
Sol. Loss in kinetic energy
By conservation of momentum 2m  V = m  90
1 m1m 2 (u1 − u 2 )2 1  40  60 
 V = 45 m /s = =  (4 − 2)2 = 48 J
2 m1 + m 2 2  40 + 60 
125. (c)
133. (b)
Sol.
Sol. By momentum conservation before and
after collision.
m1
m1 V + m 2  0 = (m1 + m 2 )v  v = V
m1 + m 2
i.e. Velocity of system is less than V.
Initial momentum = mv
134. (d)
Final momentum = 3mV
Sol. Velocity of combined mass,
By the law of conservation of momentum
m1v1 − m 2v 2 0 .1  1 − 0 .4  0 .1
mv = 3mV v= = = 0 . 12 m/s
m1 + m 2 0 .5
 V = v/3
 Distance travelled by combined mass
126. (c)
= v  t = 0.12 × 10 = 1.2 m.
Sol.
135. (c)
Sol. Loss in K.E. =
m1m 2
(u1 − u 2 )2
2(m 1 + m 2 )
4 6
=  (12 − 0 ) 2 = 172.8 J
Initial momentum = m  3 + 2m  0 = 3m 2  10
Final momentum = 3m  V 136. (d)
By the law of conservation of momentum

22 | S P E C T R U M A C A D E M Y DAYAL SIR-9503921809
 Sol. In case of perfectly inelastic collision, the Sol. 700 k cal = 700  10 3  4.2 J
bodies stick together after impact. 700  10 3  4 . 2
137. (d) = = 0 . 81 kWh
→ → 3 . 6  10 6
Sol. 𝑊 = 𝐹 . 𝑆 = 𝐹𝑆 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝜃
1 [As 3.6  10 6 J = 1 kWh ]
= 50 × 10 × 𝑐𝑜𝑠 6 0° = 50 × 10 × = 250𝐽. 154. (c)
2
138. (a) Sol. Elastic potential energy stored in wire
Sol. 𝑆 = → 𝑟2 − →
𝑟1 1 Mgl
→ → U = Fx = .
𝑊 = 𝐹 . 𝑆 = (4𝑖̂ + 𝑗̂ + 3𝑘̂). (11𝑖̂ + 11𝑗̂ + 15𝑘̂ ) 2 2
= (4 × 11 + 1 × 11 + 3 × 15) = 100𝐽. 155. (b)
139. (c) Sol. Momentum is a vector quantity whereas
Sol. 𝑊 = 𝐹⃗ . 𝑟⃗ = (5𝑖̂ + 3𝑗̂)(2𝑖̂ − 𝑗̂) = 10 − 3 = 7J. kinetic energy is a scalar quantity. If the kinetic
140. (b) energy of a system is zero then linear
Sol. 𝑃 = 𝐹⃗ . 𝑣⃗ = 20 × 6 + 15 × (−4) + (−5) × 3 momentum definitely will be zero but if the
= 120 − 60 − 15 = 120 − 75 = 45J/s momentum of a system is zero then kinetic
141. (c) energy may or may not be zero.
Sol. 𝐴⃗. 𝐵
⃗⃗ = 0 𝜃 = 90° 156. (d)
2
P 
2
142. (b) P2 E  2P 
Sol. E =  2 =  2  =   =4
Sol. 𝑊 = 𝐹⃗ . 𝑟⃗ = (−2𝑖̂ + 15𝑗̂ + 6𝑘̂)(10𝑗̂) = 150 2m E1  P1   P 
143. (a) E 2 = 4 E1 = E1 + 3 E1 = E1 + 300 % of E1 .
Sol. 𝑊 = 𝐹⃗ 𝑆⃗ = (4𝑖̂ + 5𝑗̂)(3𝑖̂ + 6𝑗̂) = 12
157. (d)
144. (a)
→ Sol. Change in momentum = P2 − P1 = F  t
Sol. 𝑊 = 𝐹 . → 𝑠 = (3𝑖̂ + 𝑐𝑗̂ + 2𝑘̂). (−4𝑖̂ + 2𝑗̂ − 3𝑘̂ ) =
 P2 = P1 + F  t = 10 + 0.2  10 = 12kg-m / s
−12 + 2𝑐 − 6
Work done = 6𝐽 (given) Increase in
∴ −12 + 2𝑐 − 6 = 6 ⇒ 𝑐 = 12 1
kinetic energy E = [P22 − P12 ]
145. (b) 2m
→
Sol. 𝑊 = 𝐹 . → 𝑠 = (5𝑖̂ + 3𝑗̂). (2𝑖̂ − 𝑗̂) = 10 − 3 = 7𝐽 =
1
[(12) 2 − (10 ) 2 ] =
1
[144 − 100 ] =
44
= 4 .4 J .
146. (c) 2m 25 10
Sol. Work done 158. (b)

ˆ ˆ ˆ
= F.r = (5i + 3 j).(2i − j) = 10 − 3 = +7 J −dU d
Sol. F = = − ( A − Bx 2 ) = 2 Bx  F  x .
147. (a) dx dx
159. (d)
Sol. Work done = Force  displacement = F  s = −19 2
Sol. U = 1 q1q 2 = 9  10  (1.6 −1510 ) = 2.304  10 −15
9

Fvt 4 0 r 100  10

= 5  2  60 = 600 J. 2.304  10 −15
J= eV = 1.44  10 4 eV
148. (a) 1.6  10 −19
Sol. Work done to displace it horizontally 160. (b)
=Fs=81=8J Sol. Work done = mg  h
Work done to raise it vertically F  s = mgh = 2  10 3  l sin 
= 1 10  2 = 20 J
 Net work done = 8 +20 = 28 J = 2  10 3  10  sin 15 o = 5176 J = 5.17 kJ
149. (d)
Sol. Work done l
x2 5 h
= 
x1
F dx = 
0
(7 − 2 x + 3 x 2 )dx = [7 x − x 2 + x 3 ]50 = 35 − 25 + 125 = 135 J

150. (b)  = 15o

Sol. Work done
x 161. (d)
x2 x1 x2  1 1
=  x1
F dx = 0
Cx dx = C   = C x 12
 2  0 2
Sol. W = mgh = 15  10 −3  10  1 = 0.15 J .
162. (d)
151. (a) 1
Sol. Work done = Covered area on force- Sol. We know kinetic energy K = mv 2 
2
displacement graph = 1  10 + 1  20 – 1  20 + 1
v K
 10 = 20 erg.
When kinetic energy of the body reduces to half
152. (a)
u 4
Sol. Energy of charged particle = charge  its velocity becomes v = = = 2 2 m /s
potential 2 2
difference = Qv From the equation v 2 = u 2 − 2 gh
153. (a)

23 | S P E C T R U M A C A D E M Y DAYAL SIR-9503921809
 16 − 8 = (10ˆi + 10 ˆj + 20 kˆ ).(5ˆi − 3 ˆj + 6 kˆ ) = 50 − 30 + 120 = 140 J-s −1
 (2 2 ) 2 = (4 ) 2 − 2  10 h  h= = 0.4 m
20 171. (a)
.  m − m2  2m 2 u 2
163. (b) Sol. v 1 =  1  u 1 +
At the maximum height, Total energy =  m1 + m 2  m1 + m 2
Potential energy Substituting m1 = 0, v1 = −u1 + 2u 2
= mgh  v1 = − 6 + 2(4) = 2m/s
3h i.e. the lighter particle will move in original
At the height , Potential energy =
4 direction with the speed of 2 m/s.
3h 3
mg = mgh m M
4 4
and Kinetic energy = Total energy – Potential
u1 = 6 m/s u2 = 4 m/s
mgh 1
energy = mgh − 3 = mgh
4 4 172. (d)
Kinetic energy 1 Sol. Horizontal momentum and vertical
 = . momentum both should remain conserve before
Potential energy 3
and after collision. This is possible only for the
164. (c)
(d) option.

Sol. v = (3ˆi + 4 ˆj)  v = 32 + 4 2 = 5 m/s . So 173. (c)
1 1 v 1 − e 1 −1/ 2 1/ 2 1
kinetic energy = mv 2 =  0.3  (5) 2 = 3.75 J Sol. 1 = = = = .
2 2 v2 1 + e 1 + 1 / 2 3 / 2 3
165. (b) 174. (a)
dU d Sol. Let masses of the two ball are 2m and m,
Sol. F = − =− (8 x 2 − 4 x + 400 )
dx dx and their speeds are u and 2u respectively.
dU m 2m m
For the equilibrium condition F = − =0 2m
dx u1 = u u2 = 2u v1 v2
 16 x − 4 = 0  x = 4 / 16  x = 0.25 m .
Before collision After collision
166. (d)
Sol. Elastic potential energy of a spring By conservation of momentum
1 m1 u1 + m 2 u 2 = m1 v1 + m 2 v 2
U = kx 2
2  2mu − 2mu = mv 2 − 2mv 1  v2 = 2v1
U  x
2
Coefficient of restitution
2 2
U2  x 2  U  10 cm  (v 2 − v 1 ) (2v 1 + v 1 ) − 3v 1 v 5
So =   2 =    U 2 = 25 U = − =− = = 1 =
U1  x 1  U  2 cm  (u 2 − u 1 ) (−2u − u) − 3u u 6
167. (a) 5
Sol. As the force is repulsive in nature between [As e =
given]
6
two protons. Therefore potential energy of the v 5
system increases.  1 = = ratio of the speed of first ball before
u1 6
168. (b)
Sol. When the rod is lying on a horizontal table, and after collision.
its potential Similarly we can calculate the ratio of second
energy = 0 ball before and after collision,
But when we make its stand vertical its centre of v2 2v 1 v1 5
= = = .
l u2 2u u 6
mass rises upto high . So it's potential energy
2 175. (a)
mgl r 1
= Sol. sin  = =   = 300
2 2r 2
 Work done = charge in potential energy v

l mgl
= mg − 0 = . u

2 2
169. (a)
Sol. Potential energy is a relative term but the v
difference in potential energy is absolute term.
From conservation of linear momentum
If reference level is fixed once then change in
u
potential energy are same always. mu = 2mv cos 30 o or v =
170. (c) 3

Sol. P = F.v

24 | S P E C T R U M A C A D E M Y DAYAL SIR-9503921809
 Relative velocity of separation Hence
Now e= in
Relative velocity of approach DK = negative
common 184. (b)
normal direction. Sol. P = a +bt + ct2
dP
v u/ 3 2 F= = 0 + b + 2ct
Hence, e = = = dt
o
u cos 30 u 3 /2 3 185. (c)
176. (a) Sol. W = (Mg sin q) d
Sol. For perfectly elastic collision relative 186. (c)
velocity of separation should be zero i.e. the → →
colliding body should move together with Sol. Power = F . V
common velocity. = (10î + 10 ĵ + 20k̂ ) (5î − 3 ĵ + 6k̂ )
177. (d) = (50 – 30 + 120) watt = 140 watt
Sol. By conservation of momentum 187. (a)
  
m u1 + m 2u 2 = (m1 + m 2 )V mg mg mg
Sol. W = = =
 m u + m u 1(3i − 2ˆj) + 2(4 j − 6kˆ ) 2n 2 2  62 72
 V= 1 1 2 2
=
m1 + m 2 m1 + m 2 188. (c)
ˆ Sol. P = Fv
3 i + 6 j − 12 k ˆ
= = i + 2ˆj − 4 kˆ  dv 
(1 + 2) or P =  mv  v
  dx 
| V | = (1)2 + (2)2 + (−4)2 = 1 + 4 + 16 = 4.6ms −1 . v x

  m dx
P
178. (d) or v 2 dv =
1 0 0
Sol. W = m(vf2 – vi2)
2 3 1/ 3
or v = 
v Px 3Px 
dx = 
v= = 0.4t − .06t 2 3 m  m 
dt 189. (b)
=
1
2
 
 6 (.74 )2 − 0 = 1.6428 J →
Sol. \ F = F. f̂ = 30 
 î + ĵ + k̂ 

 3 
179. (b) 
→
−K −17 F = 10 3 (î + ĵ + k̂ )
Sol. = K + W or W = K ……. (1)
(4)2
16 → → →
180. (d) and S = r2 – r1 = 2 î + k̂ ….. (2)
→ →
1
Sol. kx2 = mgh or \ W = F . S = 30 3 J
2
190. (d)
2  1.8  10  3.6 3.6 Sol. There is no change in the P.E. as well as in
x= = = 0.514 m
490 7 the K.E. therefore workdone is zero.
181. (a) 191. (a)
Sol. Wtot = WAB + WBC + WCA = 0 + Sol. From momentum conservation principle
a 0 →
0 
− Cy 2dy + − Cy 2dy = 0
a
0 = 3(16) + 6 ( v 2 ) Þ v 2 = (–8) m/s
and K2 = 1/2 m2v22 = 1/2 × 6×(–8)2 = 192 J
192. (a)
Sol. From momentum conservation
(1000) (50) = 1250 v
v = 40 m/s
193. (c)
Sol. P = 2Km
or P µ m
m1 1
Since the work done in a round trip is zero.. =
182. (a) m2 4
4 P1 1

\ =
Sol. DK = Pdt = [t3 – t2 + t]24 = 46J P2 2
2
194. (b)
183. (b) Kf 0.04
Sol. As W = DK Sol. = = (0.5)N
Ki 2  10 6
Force is along negative x-axis and displacement
is along + x-axis (0.5)N = 2 × 10–8
\ W = negative

25 | S P E C T R U M A C A D E M Y DAYAL SIR-9503921809
 1 206. (b)
N ln = ln 2 – 8 ln 10
2 Sol.
N ~– 26 p2 p2
+ = 2400 or p2 = 2400 ×
195. (b) 2(1) 2(3 )
Sol. Linear momenta of photon and electron are 3 p2 2400  3
equal and opposite. and = = 1800 J
2 2m 4
h 207. (b)
p = mv =
 Mv
Sol. (m + mv') = mv or v' =
h 6.62  10 –34 m+M
v= =
m 1.67  10 – 27  122  10 –9 208. (d)
v = 3.25 m/s Sol.
196. (c)
du
Sol. F = − = –(16x – 4) = 4 – 16x
dx
At equilibirum 4 – 16x0 = 0
1
and x0 = m = 25 cm.
4
At the given position x = (25 + 25) = 50 cm.
Þ F = 4 – 16 × .5 = –4 N. p = pf – pi = mu(mu) – 2mu
−4 209. (c)
or a = = – 40 m/s2
mv 2 m mv 2
0 .1 Sol. KE = − (0.8v )2 = 0.36 
197. (d) 2 2 2
Sol. F = mnv decrease is 36%
144 = 40 × 10–3 × n × 1200 210. (b)
144 Sol. No external force acts on the system (gun +
n= =3
4 12 bullet) during their impact (till the bullet leaves
198. (a) the gun). Therefore the momentum of the
  system remains constant. Before the impact the
Sol. F = −U = K( yî + xĵ )
system (gun + bullet) was at rest. Hence its
199. (b)
initial momentum is zero. Therefore just after
Sol. Loss in kinetic energy is converted into
the impact, its momentum of the system (gun +
sound energy and heat .
bullet) will be zero.
200. (a)  
 mv b + Mv g = 0
Sol. (1000) (50) = (1250) v
or v = 40 m/s  

 m v bg + v g + Mv g = 0


201. (d) 
 m v bg 
Sol. (.01)V + 0 = (2.01)V1  vg = − , where v bg
M+m
V2
Now 10 C.M. = 1 = Velocity of bullet relative gun = v
2g
mv
202. (d)  vg = .
M+m
1
Sol. DKE = m (Vf2 – Vi2 ) Opposite to the direction of v, Hence, the correct
2 choice is
203. (b)
211. (c)
Sol. Since there is no friction and collision is
Sol. The acceleration of center of mass of the
elastic therefore no loss of energy take place and 
the body strike again and again with two system = acm
  
perpendicular walls. So the motion of the ball is m1a 1 + m 2 a 2 + m 3 a 3
periodic. But here, there is no restoring force. So =  The net force acting
m1 + m 2 + m 3
the characteristics of S.H.M. will not satisfied. 
204. (b) on the system = (m1 + m2 + m3 ) acm
P2  Fnet = (m1 a1 + m2 a2 – m3 a3)
Sol. E = where E = Kinetic Energy, P =
= (1)(1) + (2)( 2) − ( 4) N= 3N.
2m 1
Momentum,  2 
m = Mass Hence, the correct choice is
So P = 2mE . a2 a3
a1
205. (b)

Sol. k =
p2
=
(18  6)2 = 486 J
2m 2  12 m1 m2 m3

26 | S P E C T R U M A C A D E M Y DAYAL SIR-9503921809
212. (b) Sol. Change in momentum (0.06  4)  2 = 0.48
Sol. The net horizontal force acting on the kg-m/s
system (M+m) is zero. Therefore the momentum 218. (a)
of the system just before and after the collision Sol. The velocity along common tangent remains
remains constant. Let M move with the velocity constant. usin = v sin
v'. 219. (c)
 
 mv + 0 = m(0) + Mv ' Sol. Applying Newtons experimental law
vsin = u sin . . . (1)
v m
 = …(1) Along common normal
v M
vcos  = eu cos . . . (2)
Newton’s experimental formula e = –
(v  − 0) From (1) at (2)
0−v
tan = etan
v 220. (a)
e= …(2)
v Sol. x = 3 sin 2t + 4cos 2t
Equating (1) and (2), we find e = (m/M). = 5 sin (2t + p/4)
Hence, (B) is correct choice. So A = 5 & vmax. = Aw = 5 × 2 = 10
213. (c) 221. (b)
Sol. The impact force F = (p/t) where p = 1 1
change of momentum of water of mass m Sol. P.E. = mw2x2 & T.E. = mw2A2
2 2
striking the ball a speed v during time t. Since P.E. 1
water falls dead after collision with the ping- So ratio at x = A/2 Þ =
T.E. 4
pong ball
222. (a)
m
p = m v F=v upward on the ball Sol. It loses 20% energy in impact and only 80%
t energy remains with the ball
m So ball will rise upto height
Where = rate of flow of water in the nozzle.
t 80
h 2 = 80 % of h1 =  20 = 16 m
Since the ball is in equilibrium 100
F – mg = 0 F = mg h2
v m Δm mg Now coefficient of restitution e =
 = mg  = . h1
t Δt v
16
Hence, (C) is the correct choice. = = 0 . 8 = 0 . 89 .
214. (b) 20
Sol. Conservation of momentum just before and 223. (c)
after the impact yields Sol. If ball falls from height h1, then it collides
Pi = Pf with ground with speed v 1 = 2gh1
 
 0 = m 1v 1 + m 2 v 2  m1 v1 = m2 v2 = p (say) …..(i)
 Energy of explosion =  KEsystem and if it rebound with velocity v2, then it goes
p2 p2 p2  m1  upto height h2 from ground, v 2 = 2gh 2
= + = 1 +  …..(ii)
2m1 2m 2 2m1  m2 
Putting P = m1 v1, where m1 = 3 kg, M2 = 6 kg , v v2 2 gh 2 h2 1 .8
From (i) and (ii) = = =
= 16 m/sec. v1 2 gh1 h1 5
(3  16 ) 2  3  9 3
We obtain, E =
2 3 1 + 6  = =
  25 5
 E = 576 J . Hence correct choice is 224. (d)
215. (b) GMm
Sol. W = U =
Sol. Velocity v cos  = u sin  . . . (i) r
vsin  = e. u cos  . . . (ii) 6.67  10 −11  100  10 −2
from the above equation, tan  = e cot  = = 6.67  10 −10 J.
10 −1
or tan  = e tan (900 - ).
225. (b)
But   (90 - )
18  6
or ( + )  900 From equation (ii) Sol. m1v1 = m2v2  v2= = 9 ms-1
12
tan 
e= , Hence, (B) is the correct choice 1
tan  KE = × 12(9)2 = 486 J
2
216. (a)
226. (b)
1
Sol. mv = 2, m= 2  v = 1m/s  mv 2 = 1J Sol. According to work energy theorem
2 Wgravitational force + Wair drag = change in KE.
217. (a)  mg. r + Wair drag = change in KE.

27 | S P E C T R U M A C A D E M Y DAYAL SIR-9503921809
  − mgh + Wair drag = change in KE Sol. ac = k2 rt2
1 v2
 Wair drag = change in KE + mgh = [0 − mu2 or = k2 rt2
2 r
] + mgh = −50 + 40 = −10 Joules. or v = krt
227. (c) dv
Therefore, tangential acceleration, at = = kr
Sol. The work done on the object W = dt
    
F1.D + F2 .D where D is the displacement vector. or Tangential force,
 W = 4(1) + (1) (1) + (−1) (6) = −1J Ft = mat = mkr
From work energy theorem W = KEf – KEi = −1J Only tangential force does work.
 Kinetic energy decrease by 1J. Hence, the Power = Ft v = (mkr) (krt)
correct choice is (C) or Power = mk2 r2 t
228. (a) 235. (d)
dK 3 
Sol. P = 3t2 – 2t + 1 =P Sol. W = Fd con q =  M g (d) (cos 1800)
dt 4 
4 236. (c)
ÞDK =  Pdt = 46 J
2
Sol. Work done in changing speed from 0 to V is
-
229. (a) 1
DW1 = mV2
Sol. a µ x 2
Wnet = F. x work done in changing the speed from V to 2V is
µ a.x 1 1 1
DW2 = m (2V)2 – mV2 = 3 mV2
µ x2 2 2 2
\ DK µ x2 W1 1
\ =
230. (a) W2 3
Energy dm
Sol. P = = gh = 100 × 10 × 100 237.(b)
time dt
F 82 + 6 2 + 102
= 100 kW Sol. m = = = 10 2 kg
a 1
ÅtkZ dm
[P = = gh = 100 × 10 × 100 238. (a)
le; dt 4
= 100 kW]
231. (c)
Sol. DK =  Pdt = [t
2
3
– t2 + t]24 = 46J

Sol. Volume delivered per sec. = Av

239. (b)
mass delivered per sec = Avd
Sol. Total distance covered by the ball just
momentum delivered per sec = Av2d = force
before second hit = h + 2 e2 h
power = force × velocity= Av3d
= h(1 + 2 e2)
i.e. power µ v3
240. (c)
232. (c) → →
Sol. W = 100 × 80 × 4.2 J Sol. P before = P after
dW 100  80  4.2 or (10) (10) = 9(0) + 1(v)
P= = J/sec
dt 60 \ v = 100 m/s
P = 560 J/sec 241. (b)
233. (d) Sol. Q Ball is dropped from height h
M \ Height attained by the ball after collision = e2h
Sol. Mass of hanging portion is (one-third) Þ Total distance = h + e2h + e2h = h(1 + 2e2)
3
L 242. (c)
and centre of mass c, is at a distance h = below Sol. Q Disp. of trolley w.r.t. ground,
6
mL 80  4
the table top. x= = = 0.8 m \m1x1 = m2x2
Therefore, the required work done is, m + M 80 + 320
Þ 320 × 0.8 = 80x2 Þ x2 = 3.2 m
L
h= 243. (b)
6
C Sol. Velocity after a fall of 5m = 2 10  5 = 10 m/s
M
Mass = v1 − v 2 = e ( u 2 − u1 )
3
v1 − 1 = 1 – (–10) = 12 m/s

M  L  M gL
W = mgh =   (g)   =
 3 6 18
234. (b)

28 | S P E C T R U M A C A D E M Y DAYAL SIR-9503921809
 (1) By the given condition, 𝑚𝑢 = 4𝑚𝑣 ⇒ 𝑢 = 4𝑣
1
10 m/s 𝑚𝑢2 (4𝑣)2
∴ Ratio of K.E. =12 = = 4.
.4𝑚𝑣 2 4𝑣 2
2
1 m/s Hence, the ratio of K.E. is 4 : 1.
(2) 250. (a)
Sol. Let v is the speed of the object at the bottom
of the plane.
244. (c)
According to work-energy theorem
Sol. From conservation of mechanical energy
𝑤 = 𝛥𝐾 = 𝐾𝑓 − 𝐾𝑖
(K.E. + P.E.)surface = (K.E. + P.E.)infinity 1 1
𝑚𝑔ℎ = 𝑚𝑣 2 − 𝑚𝑢2
( )
(∴ 𝑢 = 0)
1 2  GMm 1 2 2 2
m 3 gR +  −  = m v + 0 𝑚𝑔ℎ = 𝑚𝑣 2
1
(∵ 𝑢 = 0)
2  R  2 2
𝑜𝑟𝑣 = √2𝑔ℎ
or v  = 7gR
From the above expression, it is clear that v is
245. (b) independent of the mass of an object.
1 1 251. (b)
Sol. mv2 = kx2
2 2 Sol. Work done, 𝑊 = 𝐹⃗ . 𝑑⃗ = 𝐹𝑑 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝜃
1 1 90 Where 𝜃 is the angle between the force 𝐹⃗ and
(16 × 10–3) v2 = (144 × 10–4)
2 2 10 – 2 displacement 𝑑⃗
v2 = 8100 or v = 90 m/s (i) As the body moves along the direction of
246. (b) applied force.
Sol. S = h + 2e2h ∴ 𝜃 = 00 , W = Fdcos00 =Fd. It is positive,
S = h (1 + 2e2) (ii) As the body moves in a direction opposite to
247. (b) the gravitational force which acts vertically
Sol. Conservation of momentum just before and downwards.
after the impact yields ∴ 𝜃 = 1800 , W = Fdcos1800 = - Fd. It is negative.
Pi = Pf  0 =|m1 v1 + m2 v2 | 252. (b)
 m1 v1 = m 2 v 2 = p(say) Sol. Here, 𝐹⃗ = 3𝑖̂ + 4𝑗̂ − 5𝑘̂ 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡
𝑑⃗ = 5𝑖̂ + 4𝑗̂ + 3𝑘̂ unit
 Energy of explosion = KE system
∴ |𝐹⃗ | = √(3)2 + (4)2 + (−5)2 = √50𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡
p2 p2 p 2  m1  |𝑑⃗| = √(5)2 + (4)2 + (3)2 = √50𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡
= + = 1 + 
2m1 2m 2 2m1  m 2  Let 𝜃be angle between 𝐹⃗ 𝑎𝑛𝑑𝑑⃗.
𝐹⃗ . 𝑑⃗ (3𝑖̂ + 4𝑗̂ − 5). (5𝑖̂ + 4𝑗̂ + 3𝑘̂ )
Putting P = m1 v1 , where m1 = 3kg . ∴ 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝜃 = =
|𝐹⃗ ||𝑑⃗| √50√50
M 2 = 6kg , v = 16m /sec . −1
or 𝜃 = 𝑐𝑜𝑠 ( 0.32)
(3  16 )2 
3 253. (d)
We obtain, E=1+  Sol. 1𝐽 = 107 𝑒𝑟𝑔
23  6 254. (c)
E = 576J KE = p = (3  16) = 384 J ;
2 2 Sol. When a weightlifter lifts a weight work
 1 done by the
2m1 23 lifting force,
p2 (3  16)2 𝑊1 = 𝐹𝑑 𝑐𝑜𝑠 00 = 𝐹𝑑
KE 2 = = = 192J Work done in holding it up
2m 2 23 𝑊2 = 0 (because displacement is zero)
The conclusion that kinetic energy of the system 255. (a)
E=
1
(m 1 + m 2 )v 2cm = 0 (as Vcm = 0 ) is
Sol. If an object of mass m moving with velocity
𝑣⃗, its
2
wrong kinetic energy k is given by
1 1
248. (d) 𝑘 = 𝑚𝑣⃗. 𝑣⃗ = 𝑚𝑣 2
Sol. Let u be the velocity with which the ball strikes 2 2
As mass m and 𝑣 2 (𝑣⃗. 𝑣⃗) are always positive,
the ground. Then, u 2 = 2gh  u = 2 gh .....(i) therefore kinetic energy is always positive. The
Suppose the ball rebounds with velocity v, then kinetic energy can never by negative.
V = −e (−u − 0)  v = ue  v = e 2 gh , [from (i)]. 256. (d)
Sol. Here, 𝑚 = 120𝑔 × 10−3 𝑘𝑔 = 0.12𝑘𝑔
249. (b)
𝑣⃗ = 2𝑖̂ + 5𝑗̂𝑚𝑠 −1
Sol. Momentum of first body = mu, where u is 2
∴ 𝑣 = 𝑣⃗. 𝑣⃗ = (2𝑖̂ + 5𝑗̂). (2𝑖̂ + 5𝑗̂) = 4 + 25
the velocity of the first body.
= 29𝑚2 𝑠 −2
∴ Momentum of second body = 4mv, where v is 1
Kinetic energy, 𝑘 = 𝑚. 𝑣 2
the velocity of the second body. 2

29 | S P E C T R U M A C A D E M Y DAYAL SIR-9503921809
 1
= × 0.12𝑘𝑔 × (29𝑚2 𝑠 −2 ) =1.74J Hence, option (c) is a false statement. While all
2
257. (a) other statements are correct.
Sol. Friction always opposes motion. A body 267. (d)
does work against friction at the expense of its Sol. All the central forces are conservative. All
kinetic energy. other
Hence, the work done by a body against friction statements are correct.
always results in loss of kinetic energy. 268. (b)
258. (d) Sol. When 1 kg of coal is burnt the energy
Sol. The average energy consumed by a human released is 30 MJ (=3×107 J).
being in a 269. (d)
day is Sol. In exothermic reaction heat is released.
107 𝐽 In endothermic reaction heat is absorbed.
= = 2400𝑘𝑐𝑎𝑙 Energy released in burning 1 litre of gasoline is
4.2 × 103 𝐽/𝑘𝑐𝑎𝑙
30 MJ (= 3 × 107 𝐽)
259. (c)
270. (d)
Sol. work done = Force × distance = Change in
Sol. The energy required to break one bond in
kinetic energy. Both the truck and the car had
DNA is 10−20 𝐽
same kinetic energy and hence same amount of
271. (b)
work is needed to be done.
Sol. Among the given units watt is the unit of
As retarding force applied is same for both,
power whereas all others are the units of
therefore, both the truck and the car travel the
energy.
same distance before coming to rest
272. (c)
260. (a)
1 Sol. 1 kilowatt hour (kW h) = (103 W) × (3600
Sol. 𝐹 ∝
𝑣 s)
𝐶 3.6×106
𝑓= = 𝑒𝑉 (∵ 1𝑒𝑉 = 1.6 × 10−19 𝐽)
𝑣 1.6×10−19
Where C is a constant of proportionality. =2.25 × 1025 𝑒𝑉
𝐶 𝑑𝑣 𝐶 273. (c)
⇒ 𝑚𝑎 = 𝑜𝑟𝑚 =
𝑣 𝑑𝑡 𝑣 Sol. for A:
𝐶𝑑𝑡 Using the laws of conservation of linear
𝑣𝑑𝑣 =
𝑚 momentum and energy the velocities of two
Integrating both sides, we get bodies after perfectly elastic collision are given
𝑣 2 𝐶𝑡 1 by
= 𝑜𝑟 𝑚𝑣 2 = 𝐶𝑡
2 𝑚 2 (𝑚 −𝑚 )
𝑣1 = 1 2 + 2 2
2𝑚 𝑢
…….(i)
1
Or Kinetic energy, 𝑘 = 𝑚𝑣 2 = 𝐶𝑡 𝑚1 +𝑚2 𝑚1 +𝑚2
2 2𝑚1 𝑢1 (𝑚2 −𝑚1 )𝑢2
Or 𝐾 ∝ 𝑡 𝑣2 = + …….(ii)
𝑚1 +𝑚2 𝑚1 +𝑚2
261. (d) Where 𝑚1 𝑎𝑛𝑑𝑚2 are the masses of two bodies
Sol. The area under force – displacement curve and 𝑢1 𝑎𝑛𝑑𝑢2 are the velocities of two bodies
represents work done. before collision.
262. (b) If 𝑚1 = 𝑚2 then
Sol. By the system against a conservative force Form (i) and (ii), we get
263. (a) 𝑣1 = 𝑢2 and 𝑣2 = 𝑢1
Sol. Let the ball is dropped from height h, i.e., in perfectly elastic collision of two moving
Initial potential energy = mgh. bodies of equal masses, the bodies merely
Potential energy after first bounce = mg × 80% exchange their velocities after collision. Thus,
of h = 0.80 mgh. statement A is correct.
Potential energy lost in each bounce = 0.20 mgh For B.
Fraction of potential energy lost in each bounce In Eqs. (i) and (ii)
0.20𝑚𝑔ℎ If 𝑚2 << 𝑚1 𝑎𝑛𝑑𝑢2 = 0then
= = 0.20
𝑚𝑔ℎ 𝑣1 = 𝑢1 𝑎𝑛𝑑𝑣2 = 2𝑢1
264. (c) Thus statement B is wrong.
Sol. Potential energy 274. (d)
265. (a) Sol. When two spheres of equal masses undergo
Sol. Among the given forces, force of friction is a glancing elastic collision with one of them at
a non-conservative force whereas all other rest, after the collision they will move at right
forces are conservative forces. angle to each other.
266. (c) 275. (c)
Sol. Friction is a non-conservative force. Work Sol. Elastic collision with heavy nucleus
done by a non-conservative force over a closed 276. (d)
path is not zero. Sol. In the process of getting straight up and
stand from squatting position, the man exerts a

30 | S P E C T R U M A C A D E M Y DAYAL SIR-9503921809
 variable force (F) on the ground to set his body
in motion. This force is in addition to the force
required to support his weight (mg). Once the
man is in standing position, F becomes zero.
277. (c)
Sol. When a body is falling freely under the
action of gravity alone in vacuum, its total
mechanic, energy remains constant during the
fall.
278. (c)
Sol. In inelastic collision between two bodies,
total, linear momentum is always conserved.
279. (b)
Sol. The frictional force and the displacement
are in opposite direction, therefore the angel
between frictional force and displacement is 𝜃 =
1800
Thus,
Work done by the friction is
𝑊𝑓 = 𝑓𝑑 𝑐𝑜𝑠 1 800 = (2𝑁)(100𝑚) 𝑐𝑜𝑠 1 800
= −200𝐽
280. (b)
Sol. Energy required = mgh. In both cases, h is
the same Hence, energy given by both is same.
[It is worth noting here that powers of two men
will be different as power is the energy expense
par unit time and times are different here.
281. (c)
Sol. Here, m = 1 mg = 1 × 10−3 𝑔 = 1 × 10−6 kg
According to Einstein mass energy equivalence
𝐸 = 𝑚𝑐 2
Where c is the speed of light in vacuum
∴ 𝐸 = (1 × 10−6 𝑘𝑔)(3 × 108 𝑚𝑠 −1 )2 = 9 × 1010 𝐽
282. (d)
Sol. Here, m = 100 kg, h = 10m, t= 20s,
g = 10𝑚𝑠 −2
The power of the crane is
𝑚𝑔ℎ (100𝑘𝑔)(10𝑚𝑠 −2 )(10𝑚)
𝑃= = = 500𝑤
𝑡 (20𝑠)

31 | S P E C T R U M A C A D E M Y DAYAL SIR-9503921809