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Science Notes Unit 5

The document outlines various adaptations that increase the survival chances of living organisms in their habitats, including structural and behavioral adaptations. It provides examples of how animals and plants adapt to their environments, such as coping with temperature extremes and obtaining resources like water and sunlight. Key examples include the adaptations of kangaroos, cacti, and penguins, among others.

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2 views7 pages

Science Notes Unit 5

The document outlines various adaptations that increase the survival chances of living organisms in their habitats, including structural and behavioral adaptations. It provides examples of how animals and plants adapt to their environments, such as coping with temperature extremes and obtaining resources like water and sunlight. Key examples include the adaptations of kangaroos, cacti, and penguins, among others.

Uploaded by

Champion Tuition
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Science notes unit 5

1. A characteristic that increases a living


things chances of survival in its natural
habitat is….
Ans: adaptation

2. Habitats include ….
Ans: forests,lakes,rivers,seas,deserts and
polar regions like Arctic and the Antarctic

3. Living things that are adapted to their


habitats are able to
Ans:
1.cope with physics conditions in their
habitat.
2. get air, water and food
3. protect themselves from predators
4. reproduce

4. Types of adaptations
Ans: 1. Structural adaptations
2. behavioural adaptation

5. Structural adaptation are….


Ans: parts of a living things that help it
survive in its natural habitat.
6. Example of structural adaptations…
Ans: 1. Shape
2. colour
3. body covering of animals
4. thorns
5. waxy surfaces of plants
Notes:
1.the shape of a dolphin’s body helps it swim
fast
2. cacti have needle like leaves to help them
reduce water loss.

7. Behavioural adaptation are….


Ans: special ways in which a living
behaves to survive in its natural habitat.

8. Examples of behavioural adaptation….


1. Birds call
2. Migration
3. Hibernation
Notes:
1.meerkats keep a constant lookout and will
raise an alarm to warn other meerkats of
predator.
2. penguins huddle together to keep warm
9. Animals have different adaptations to help
them move easily …
Ans: 1.moving on land
a. A kangaroo’s muscular legs allow it to
jump great distances.
b. A kangaroo’s long and strong tail helps it
to balance
c. A cheetah’s muscular legs allow it to run
fast
d. A cheetah’s flat tail helps it to balance
when it runs.
e. Special scales on the underside of the
snake’s body help it to grip the surface
and move its body forward.
2.moving in water
a. streamlined body of a shark
3. modified limbs
a. A duck uses its webbed feet to move in
water easily
b. A fish uses its fins to balance and swim in
water
c. A turtle uses its flippers to move in water.
d. A fish uses its swim bladder to control the
depth at which to swim.
4. moving in air
a. birds have a streamlined body shape that
helps them to move quickly in air
b. birds have feathers to keep them warm
and help them fly
c. birds have strong wings which are
modified limbs to help them fly.
10.adaptation to cope with the extreme
temperature of the environment….
Ans: 1. Coping in a hot environment
a. Adaptation for keeping cool
(fennec fox has large ears to lose body
heat and stay cool, banded gecko hides
in the shade during the day)
b. Adaptation for obtaining and conserving
water
(camel can drink 100 litres of water at a
time, when they breath out water
vapour is trapped in their nostrils and is
reabsorbed into their body)
(cacti have thick and fleshy stems to
store water for use during the dry
season)

2. coping in a cold environment


a. adaptations for conserving water and
energy
(hibernation: some animals go into a
long ,deep sleep during winter)
(pine trees have needle like leaves to
reduce water loss)
c. Adaptation for keeping warm
(snow geese migrate to a warmer place
to avoid the cold winter)
(penguins have closely packed feathers
to keep them warm.)
(polar bears have thick fur and a layer of
fat under the skin to stay warm)

11. Adaptation for breathing in water


Ans: 1.moist skin
(frog, flatworms and toads can breath
through their skin. )
2. gills
(fish, shrimp, tadpoles have gills to help
them breathe in water)
3.Air tubes
(water scorpion and water stick insect
have air tube)
4.air bubbles
Water beetles and water spider hairy
body to trap air bubbles.
4. Special nostrils
Seal and manatees have nostrils at
the tip of their snout.
5. Blowholes
(whales and dolphin have blowholes
to take in oxygen through their
blowholes )
12. Hows plants adaptation for obtaining
sunlight?
Ans: 1.land plants
a. Climbers
(morning glory and money plant climb
up onto another plant using its clasping
roots)
2.creepers
(pumpkin and carpet grass

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