CMD (COMMAND PROMPT)

 Why CMD?
 Uses to perform tasks and works.
 Good for your networking, security and hacking
carrier.
 Operating deep operations like tasks and services.

location

C:\WINDOWS\system32>
Drive directory (folder)

1.
Open any folder by using CMD:
2. By using folder:
Go to any folder such that ‘C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft\
Edge’ and type cmd and enter than this location will be open in cmd.
3. By using cmd:

Type cd.. (change directory) and press enter, than you

will go one step back.

Now type path for going to the location where you want to go. Ex.- cd
Windows\System32.

If you want to go to the last (c drive) than you can use ‘cd\’
command .

Such as – type cd\ and press enter.

 CMD (COMMAND PROMPT)

CMD Commands
S. Name Description
no
.
1 dir It tells which files and folders are
present at current location of
your directory.
2 dir /ad It tells which folders (only) are
present at current location of
your directory.
3 dir /a-d It tells which files (only) are
present at current location of
your directory.
4 cls Clear your terminal screen.
5 md or mkdir + Create a new folder.
folder_name
6 mkdir folder1 Create multiple folders in
folder2 folder3 … directory.
7 rmdir folder_name Delete a folder.

8 rmdir folder1 Delete multiple folders with

folder2 folder3 … once.
9 xcopy file_name Copy file and paste in a folder.
with extension
“folder_name”
Ex. – copy hsr.txt file and paste
in my documents folder.
ex.- xcopy hsr.txt
“my documents”
10 xcopy Copy all files with same
*.extension_name extensions.
“folder_name”
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Ex.-xcopy *.txt Here all text files of directory will

“text file” be coping in “text file” folder.
11 del Delete a file.
file_name.extension
ex. del Hariom.txt
12 del *.extension Delete all files of same
“folder_name” extension available in folder.
ex.- del *.txt “text
file” Here delete all .txt files of ‘text
file’ folder.
13 move Move and paste.
file_name.extension Ex.- move hsr.docx “c:\users\
“location” hariom\desktop”
14 move *.extension Cut all .pptx file of a folder and
“location” paste in selected folder/location.
ex.- move
*.pptx
“powerpoint”
15 ren file/folder_name Rename file or folder.
new_name
16 tasklist Show all background running
tasks.
17 taskkill /pid task_id Kill\close a particular task which
Ex.- taskkill /pid running id you have entered.
32024
18 calc Open calculator.
19 net start Show all background running
services.
20 net stop Stop a background service .
“service_name”
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21 net start “service_ Start a service.

name”
22 driverquery Open list of all drivers installed
in your computer.
23 netsh advfirewall Off firewall protection of your
set all state off computer.
24 netsh advfirewall On firewall protection of your
set all state on computer.
25 Application_name Type application name for
Ex.- notepad opening a software.
WMIC Commands
1 wmic cpu All information about micro-
processor.
2 wmic bios get For getting serial number\
serialnumber version of BIOS.
3 wmic Show physical memory (RAM) in
computersystem get bytes.
totalphysicalmemor
y
4 wmic nic get Show hardware address of
macaddress network card.
5 wmic partition get Get name, size & type of disk
name,size,type partition.
6 wmic process list Show all running tasks/services.
brief
7 wmic process where For closing a software.
name=”software_na Ex.- wmic process where
me.extension” call name=”notepad.exe” call
terminate terminate

8 wmic product get Show all software/product of

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name,version Microsoft, google, and adobe.

CMD sort commands
1 vol drive_later : Show name and serial number of
ex.- vol D: drive.
2 winver Show windows version and
update.
3 chkdsk Show all information by
scanning (data, space, bad/harm
files etc. ) of hard drive.
4 Ctrl + c Skip/stop command.
5 Drive character: Change drive.
Ex.- D:, a:, etc.
6 getmac For knowing mac address.
7 systeminfo Show all system information.
8 diskpart enter> 1. Show disk volume in GB ,
“ go to in a service status and size.
loop (DISKPART)>” 2. Selecting a disk.
3. Full detail of a disk.
1.list disk
4. Exit from loop.
2.select disk 0
3.detail disk
4.exit
User’s command
1 net user Show all users of your computer.
2 net user user_name Create a new user.
password /add (password is optional).
3 net user Delete a user.
user_name /del
4 net user Activate / enable a user.
user_name
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/active:yes
5 net user Deactivate / disable a user.
user_name
/active:no
6 net user user_name Remove password and type a
* new password. This will be
helpful if we have forgot our
user password.
(we can also skip new password
by pressing double enter).
7 net user user_name For creating a new system
password password of user.
File commands
1 type nul> Create a new blank file.
file_name.extension
2 Step 1- copy con Create a new text file and write
filename.txt your data in the text file.
Step 2- write your Note – when your data has been
data. completed which you want to
Step 3- ctrl.+z and write in your text file you can
than enter. press ctrl + z and than enter for
coping data in text file.
3 echo type_data> Print/export text’s which you
filename.txt write in your terminal in a text
ex.- echo this is a file.
echo command for
printing data which
we write in our
terminal in
myecho.txt file>
myecho.txt
4 cipher /e Encrypt all files of your selected
directory(folder).
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Note- these all files will have

been encrypted for other
computers/devices, but at the
same time you can easily read
all data in your own computer.
For example if you share these
files to others than these all files
will be encrypt. It means he/she
can’t open these files.
5 cipher /d Decrypt all files of your
directory.
6 cipher /e Encrypt only one file.
file_name.extension
7 cipher /d Decrypt only one file.
file_name.extension
8 attrib +h +r +s Hide all files of your directory.
Here +h = hide
+r = can’t read
+s = can’t show
Note – if you hide all files of your
directory by using cmd and if
you want to unhide all files again
than it is possible by using cmd
only.
9 attrib -h -r -s Unhide all files of your directory.
10 attrib +h +r +s Hide a single file of your
filename.extension directory.
11 attrib -h -r -s Unhide a single file of your
filename.extension directory.
12 type file_name.txt Print all data of any text file on
your terminal.
Pendrive operations:
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1 Note - > means

enter. Step 1- type ‘diskpart’ for going
Step 1- diskpart > in diskpart service.
Step 2- list disk > Step 2- type ‘list disk’ for seeing
Step 3- select disk 1 all disks.
> Step 3- type ‘select disk 1’ for
Step 4- clean > selecting your pendrive.
Step 5- create Step 4- type ‘clean’ for cleaning
partition primary > all data of your pendrive.
Step 6- select Step 5- type ‘partition primary’
partition 1 > for doing partition primary.
Step 7- format Step 6- type ‘select partition 1’
fs=ntfs quick > for selecting partition 1.
Step 8- active > Step 7- type ‘format fs=ntfs
quick’ for format your pendrive.
Step 9- assign >
Step 8- type ‘active’ for active
your pendrive (now pendrive is
Step 10- exit > usable again).
Step 11- label drive- Step 9- type ‘assign’ for again
later: label_name reconnect to our system so than
Ex- label E: HSR no problem is created and we
Step 12- can do easily any operation in
our pendrive (like copy, paste,..).
Step10- type ‘exit’ for exit from
diskpart service.
Step 11- type ‘ label drive-later:
label_name’ for giving a label to
out pendrive.

Note – if you want to make your

pendrive bootable than :
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Step 1- “download .ISO image

file of operating system”.
Step 2- right click on iso file and
click on mount.
Step 3- copy all files and paste
on your pendrive.

(Now your pendrive is bootable).

Network shell commands

1 netsh wlan show Show profile of wifi which is
profile connected to your computer.
2 netsh wlan show all Show profile of all wifi networks
which are available in your
computer’s range.
3 netsh wlan show Show password(key content) of
profile wifi_name wifi network which is connected
key=clear to your computer.
4 netsh wlan delete Delete (forgot) your wifi network
profile name= from your computer.
wifi_name
5 netsh wlan set Set your hotspot with new name
hostednetwork and new password.
mode=allow Make your hotspot in wireless
ssid=hotspot_name network adapter.
key=password
6 netsh wlan start Start/Turn On your hotspot .
hostednetwork
7 netsh wlan stop Close/turn Off your hotspot.
hostednetwork
Basic network essential commands
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1 ipconfig Show ip address of your wifi .

2 ipconfig /all Show all details of your wi-fi
network like host name, IP
address etc.
3 getmac Show physical /mac/hardware
address of your computer.
4 ping ip_address For interact of any computer
which we have to interconnect
together with same network so
that we can share file by using
network.
5 ping domain_name For knowing IP address of any
ex.- domain.
www.google.com
6 tracert Trace all ip between your
other_system_IP computer network and other
network.
7 tracert Show all ip between you and
www.google.com google server and also take that
how many time taken by google
to reach my request at server
whatever I search.
(your ip, your ISP ip, …….,
google data center server ip)
8 netstat -e Show your network statistics.
9 nslookup Show IP and server address of
domain_name domain .
ex.- nslookup www.github.com
10 hostname Get host name.
11 netstat -a For knowing who are stabilising
connection with your computer
and who want to connect with
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your LAN.
12 route print For watching and manipulating
IP routing table. It helps us to
show routing table, matric and
interface.
13 Ipconfig /? Help for networking commands.
14 ipconfig /all Display full configuration
information.

15 Ipconfig /renew Renew all adapters.

16 ftp For sharing any important file to
other.
Note :- by ftp command you will
enter in ftp service loop.
17 bye Exit from ftp services loop.
18 ssh Ssh gives control of your other
user_name@ip_addr comuter.
ess By using ssh command you can
open your other computer
terminal in your computer and
use it (even if your computer is
anywhere).
Only you should know ip address
of your other computer and also
user name and it’s password.
NOTE:- your other computer
should be powered on.
Other interesting commands:
1 color ? Terminal color
recommendation .
2 0 = Black 8 = Gray
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1 = Blue 9 = Light Blue

2 = Green A = Light Green
3 = Aqua B = Light Aqua
4 = Red C = Light Red
5 = Purple D = Light Purple
6 = Yellow E = Light Yellow
7 = White F = Bright White
color 0c  terminal font color red .
first for background color and second for font
color.
Ex.- color 06 (background color black and font
color yellow).
3 title title_name Change title name of terminal.
Ex. title Hariom Rajput.
4 prompt Change directory path with
prompt_name other name.
Ex.- C:\Users\hariom mewada>
prompt HSR  HSR
5 mode size For changing the size of
ex.- mode 120, terminal.
mode 50,etc.
6 tree Make a tree of all folders which
are exists in drive (We can see
all folders and sub-folders) .
7 doskey /history Show history of all cmd
commands which are you have
used.
8 date For getting current date & also
we can modify.
9 time For getting current time & also
we can modify.
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10 shutdown -s -t - Shutdown your computer after

time_in_seconds giving time .
ex.- shutdown -s -t - If we give time 60 than after 60
60 seconds(1 minute) your
computer will be shutting down.
11 shutdown -r -t - Restart your computer after
time_in_seconds giving time .
ex.- shutdown -r -t - If we give time 60 than after 60
60 seconds(1 minute) your
computer will be restart.
12 Command_name | Copy output of command.
clip Ex.- ipconfig | clip, dir | clip,
etc.
13 Press f7 key For watching your history.
14 Help Provides Help information for
Windows commands.
15 sfc /scannow Scan computer and remove
viruses.
16 echo off Hide path of current directory in
terminal.
17 echo on Show path of current directory in
terminal.
CMD hack…
1 1.md aux\ 1. Make aux folder which is not
2.md con\ allowed in windows.
2. Make con folder which is not
allowed in windows.
(An interesting command of CMD)
NOTE:- First you will have to enable ‘Telnet Client’
feature off your windows machine.
 CMD (COMMAND PROMPT)

For enable: Go to control panal > programs > turn

windows features on or off > enable Telnet Client.
Now open CMD as a “run as administrator” .
Type: ‘telnet towel.blinkenlights.nl.’ and press enter in
cmd.

Note: your computer should be connected to a wi-fi.

Now you can watch a star wars movie with characters and
symbols in terminal and impress your friends.
 CMD (COMMAND PROMPT)

A-Z Windows CMD Commands

admodcmd Used for bulk modifying contents in an

active directory
arp Address Resolution Protocol is used to map
IP address to the hardware address
w assoc Used to change associations for file
extensions
associat One step file association
at Run a command at a specific time
atmadm Display connection info of the ATM adapter
attrib Used to change file attributes

B
bcdboot Used to create and repair a system partition
bcdedit Used to manage boot configuration data
bitsadmin Used to manage the Background Intelligent
Transfer Service
bootcfg Used to edit boot configuration in Windows
break Enable/Disable break capability (CTRL+C) in
CMD
C
cacls Used to change permissions of files
call Used one batch program to call another
certreq Used to request a certificate from a
certification authority
 CMD (COMMAND PROMPT)
certutil Manage Certification Authority files and
services
cd Used to change folder (directory) or go to a
specific one
change Used to change terminal services
chcp Displays the number of active console code
page
chdir Same as cd command
chkdsk Used to check and repair issues in the disk
chkntfs Used to check the NTFS file system
choice Accept user input (via keyboard) to a batch
file
cipher Used to encrypt/decrypt files and folder
cleanmgr Used clean temp files and recycle bin
automatically
clip Copy result of any command (stdin) to
Windows clipboard
cls Clear CMD screen
cmd Used to start a new CMD shell
cmdkey Used to manage stored usernames and
passwords
cmstp Used to install or remove a connection
manager service profile
color Change the color of the CMD shell using
options
comp Compare contents of two files or two sets of
files
compact Compress files and folders on an NTFS
 CMD (COMMAND PROMPT)

partition
compress Compress one or more files
convert Convert a FAT partition to NTFS
copy Copy one or more files to another location
coreinfo Show the mapping between logical and
physical processors
cprofile Cleans specified profiles of wasted space and
disabled user-specific file associations
cscmd Configure offline files on a client computer
csvde Import or Export the data of an active
directory
D
date Used to display the date or change it
defrag Used to defragment system hard drive
del Used to delete a file(s)
delprof Used to delete user profile(s)
deltree Used to delete a folder and its sub-folders
devcon Access the command line device manager
utility
dir Used to display files and folders list
dirquota Manage File Server Resource Manager
quotas
diruse Used to display disk usage
diskcomp Compare contents of two floppy disks
 CMD (COMMAND PROMPT)
diskcopy Copy data of one floppy disk to another
diskpart Make changes to partitions of storage, both
internal and connected
diskshadow Access the Disk Shadow Copy Service
diskuse View used space in folder(s)
doskey Used to edit command line, recall
commands, and create macros
driverquery Display a list of installed device drivers
dsacls View and edit access control entries for
objects in active directory
dsadd Used to add objects to active directory
dsget View objects in active directory
dsquery Find objects in an active directory
dsmod Used to modify objects in an active directory
dsmove Rename or move an active directory object.
dsrm Remove objects from an active directory
dsmgmt Manage Active Directory Lightweight
Directory Services
E
echo Turn command-echoing feature on/off,
display a message on the screen
endlocal End localization environment changes in a
batch file
erase Used to delete on or more file(s)
eventcreate Add custom event to Windows event log
 CMD (COMMAND PROMPT)

(Admin rights required)

eventquerry Display list of events and their properties
from event logs
eventtriggers Display and configure event triggers on local
and remote machines
exit Exit the command line (Quit current batch
script)
expand Uncompress one or more .CAB file(s)
explorer Open Windows Explorer
extract Uncompress one or more Windows cabinet
file(s)
F
fc Used to compare two files
find Used to search a specified text string in a file
findstr Used to find string patterns in files
finger Display information about user(s) on a
specified remote computer
flattemp Used to enable/disable flat temporary folders
For Run a command in a loop for a file(s) for
defined parameter
forfiles Used for batch processing of selected file(s)
format Used to format a disk
freedisk Used to check free space on a disk
fsutil File system utility to manage file and drive
properties
ftp Use FTP service to transfer files from one PC
 CMD (COMMAND PROMPT)

to another
ftype Display/ Modify file extension type
associations
G
getmac Used to display the MAC address of your
network adapter
goto Used to direct a batch program to a line
identified by a label
gpresult Display Group Policy Settings and Resultant
Set of Policy for a user
gpupdate Update local and active directory based on
group policy settings
graftabl Turn on the ability to display an extended
character in graphics mode
H
help Display a list of commands and see online
information for them
hostname Used to display host name of the computer

I
icacls Used to change permissions of files and
folders
iexpress Used to create a self-extracting zip archive
if Used for conditional processing in batch
programs
ifmember Display the group(s) an active user belongs
to
inuse Replace the files which the OS is currently
using (restart required)
ipconfig Display and change Windows IP configuration
 CMD (COMMAND PROMPT)
ipseccmd Used to configure IP Security policies
ipxroute Display and modify routing table information
used by IPX protocol
irftp Used to send files over an infrared link
(infrared functionality required)
L
label Used to change the name of a disk
lodctr Update registry values with latest
performance counters
logman Used to manage performance monitor logs
logoff Log a user off
logtime Add the date, time, and a message to a text
file
lpq Displays print queue status
lpr Used to send a file to a computer running the
Line Printer Daemon service
M
macfile Manage files server for Mackintosh
makecab Used to create .cab files
mapisend Used to send email from command line
mbsacli Microsoft Baseline Security Analyser
mem Used to show memory usage
md Used to create directories and sub-directories
mkdir Used to create directories and sub-directories
 CMD (COMMAND PROMPT)
mklink Used to create symbolic link to a directory
mmc Access Microsoft Management Console
mode Configure COM, LPT, CON system devices
more Display one screen of output at time
mountvol Create, list, or delete a volume mount point
move Used to move files from one folder to another
moveuser Move user account to a domain or between
machines
msg Used to send a pop-up message to a user
msiexec Install, modify, configure using Windows
Installer
msinfo32 Display system information
mstsc Create a remote desktop connection

N
nbstat Display NetBIOS over TCP/IP information
net Used to manage network resources and
services
netdom Network Domain Manager utility
netsh Display or modify network configuration
netstat Display active TCP/IP connections
nlsinfo Used to display locale information
nltest List domain controllers, force remote
shutdown, etc
 CMD (COMMAND PROMPT)
now Display date and time
nslookup Check IP address on a Name Server
ntbackup Backup data to tape using CMD or batch file
ntcmdprompt Runs cmd.exe instead of command.exe in an
MS-DOS application
ntdsutil Manage Active Directory Domain Services
ntrights Used to edit user account privileges
ntsd Only for system developers
nvspbind Used to modify network bindings

O
openfiles Queries or displays open files

P
pagefileconfi Display and configure Virtual memory
g settings
path Set PATH environment variable for
executable files
pathping Latency and Packet loss info for each node in
the network path
pause Used to stop processing of a batch file
pbadmin Starts Phone Book Administrator
pentnt Detect Floating Point Division error in the
Pentium chip
perfmon Access performance monitor in CMD
perms Display a user\’s ACL permissions for a file
 CMD (COMMAND PROMPT)
ping Test network connection to a computer
popd Go to the latest path/folder stored by PUSHD
command
portqry Display TCP and UDP port status
powercfg Used to configure power settings and know
battery health
print Used to print a text file(s) from CMD
printbrm For backup/recovery/migration of the print
queue
prncnfg Used to configure/rename a printing device
prndrvr List/add/delete printer drivers
prnjobs List/pause/resume/cancel print jobs
prnmngr List/add/delete printers, display/set default
printer
prnport List/create/delete TCP printer ports,
display/change port configuration
prnqctl Clear printer queue, print a test page
procdump Monitor system for CPU spikes, generate a
crash report during a spike
prompt Used to change the Prompt in CMD
psexec Run a CMD process on a remote computer
psfile Display remotely opened files, close an open
file
psinfo List system information about a local/remote
machine
pskill Kill a process(es) using its name or process
ID
 CMD (COMMAND PROMPT)
pslist Display process status and info about active
processes
psloggedon See active users on machine
psloglist Display event log records
pspasswd Used to change account password
psping Used to measure network performance
psservice Display and control services on a machine
psshutdown Shutdown/restart/logoff/lock a local or
remote machine
pssuspend Used to suspend a process on a local or
remote computer
pushd Change current folder and store previous
folder for use by POPD
Q
qgrep Search file(s) for a given string pattern
query Display information about processes
process or
qprocess

R
rasdial Display Remote Access Service Status
rasphone Manage RAS connections
rcp Copy files to a computer running remote shell
service
recover Recover readable data from a defective disk
reg Display/add/change registry keys and values
in Windows registry
 CMD (COMMAND PROMPT)
regedit Import/export/delete settings from a .reg text
file
regsvr32 Used to register/unregister a DLL file
regini Used to change registry permissions
relog Export performance counters to other
formats like TSV, CSV, SQL
rem Add comments in batch file
ren Used to rename a file(s)
replace Used to replace a file with another file of
same name
reset session Used to reset a remote desktop session
rexec Run commands on remote machines running
Rexec service
rd Used to delete a folder(s)
rmdir Used to delete a folder(s)
rmtshare Manage file and printer shares local or
remote servers
robocopy Used to copy files and folders that have
changed
route Display/change the local IP routing table
rsh Run commands on remote servers running
RSH service
rsm Manage media resources using Removable
storage
runas Run a program as a different user
rundll32 Used to run a DLL program
 CMD (COMMAND PROMPT)

S
sc Use Service Controller to manage Windows
services
schtasks Schedule command(s) to run at a specific
time
secedit Configure system security
set Display/set/remove environment variables in
CMD
setlocal Control visibility of environment variables in
a batch file
setspn Manage Service Principal Names for an Active
Directory service account
setx Set Environment Variables permanently
sfc System File Checker
share List/edit a file share or print on any computer
shellrunas Used to run a command as a different user
shift Change the position of the batch parameters
in a batch file
shortcut Create a Windows shortcut
shutdown Shutdown the computer
sleep Put computer to sleep for specified number of
seconds
slmgr Software Licensing Management tool for
activation and KMS
sort Used to sort and display a redirected or piped
input
start Start a program, command, or batch file
 CMD (COMMAND PROMPT)
strings Find ANSI and UNICODE strings in binary files
subinacl Display/modify ACEs for file and folder
permissions
subst Associate a path with a drive letter
sysmon Monitor and log system activity to Windows
event log
systeminfo Display detailed configuration information
about the computer
T
takeown Used to take the ownership of a file
taskkill Used to terminate on or more running
processes
tasklist Display a list of running apps and services.
tcmsetup Enable/disable TAPI client
telnet Communicate with a remote machine using
TELNET protocol
tftp Transfer files to and from a remote machine
running TFTP protocol
time Display/change system time
timeout Delay a batch file execution for specified
seconds
title Change the text on top of CMD window
touch Change file timestamps
tracerpt Process event trace logs and generate trace
analysis report
tracert Trace route to a remote host by sending ICMP
request messages
 CMD (COMMAND PROMPT)
tree Display a folder structure in the form of a
graphical tree
tsdiscon Terminate a remote desktop connection
tskill Terminate a running process on a RD Session
Host server
tssutdn Shutdown/reboot a terminal server remotely
type Show contents of a text file
typeperf Write performance data to a CMD window or
a log file
tzutil Time Zone Utility

U
unlodctr Remove performance counter names and
explain text for a service from the registry
V
ver Show version number of installed OS
verify Verify whether files are saved correctly on
the disk
vol Show disk volume label and serial number
vssadmin Show shadow copy backups, installed shadow
copy writers and providers
W
w32tm Access Windows Time Service Utility
waitfor Used to synchronize events between
networked computer(s)
wevtutil Retrieve information about event logs and
publishers
where Find and display file(s) in the current
 CMD (COMMAND PROMPT)

directory
whoami Display information about the active user
windiff Compare contents of two files or sets of files
winrm Windows Remote Management
winrs Windows Remote Shell
wmic Windows Management Instrumentation
Command
wuauclt Windows Update Agent to download new
update files
X
xcalcs Change ACLs for files and folders
xcopy Copy files or directory trees to another folder
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