As level physics

9702
Unit 1.3 SCALAR AND VECTOR QUANTITY

Name ……………………………………………….………………… Class …………………………

1. Three wires each exert a horizontal force on a vertical pole, as shown.

Which vector diagram shows the resultant force R acting on the pole?

2 The diagram shows two vectors X and Y, drawn to scale.

If X = Y – Z, which diagram best represents the vector Z?

1
3 Vectors P and Q are drawn to scale

Which diagram represents the vector (P – Q)?

4 Two dogs pull a sledge along an icy track, as shown.

Dog X pulls with a force of 200 N at an angle of 65° to the front edge of the sledge. Dog Y
pulls with a force of 120 N at an angle of 45° to the front edge of the sledge.

What is the resultant forward force on the sledge exerted by the two dogs?

A 80 N B 170 N C 270 N D 320 N

2
5 A force F acts at an angle θ to the horizontal.

What are the horizontal and the vertical components of the force?

6 The speed of an aircraft in still air is 200 km h–1. The wind blows from the west at a
speed of 85.0 km h–1.

In which direction must the pilot steer the aircraft in order to fly due north?

A 23.0° east of north

B 23.0° west of north
C 25.2° east of north
D 25.2° west of north

7 An aeroplane can fly at a velocity X when moving through still air. When flying in wind
the aeroplane’s velocity relative to the ground is Y.

Which vector diagram shows the magnitude and direction of the wind velocity W?

3
8 Two forces, each of 10 N, act at a point P as shown. The angle between the directions of
the
forces is 120°.

What is the magnitude of the resultant force?

A 5N B 10N C 17N D 20N

10 (a) State what is meant by a scalar quantity and by a vector quantity.

scalar:........................................................................................................................................................................

.......................................................................................................................................................................................

vector: ......................................................................................................................................................................

...............................................................................................................................................................................[2]

(b) Complete Fig. 2.1 to indicate whether each of the quantities is a vector or a scalar.

Fig. 2.1
[2]
(c) An aircraft is travelling in wind. Fig. 2.2 shows the velocities for the aircraft in still
air and for the wind.

Fig. 2.2

The velocity of the aircraft in still air is 95 m s–1 to the west.

The velocity of the wind is 28 m s–1 from 65° south of east.
4
 (i) On Fig. 2.2, draw an arrow, labelled R, in the direction of the resultant velocity of the
aircraft.
[1]
(ii) Determine the magnitude of the resultant velocity of the aircraft.

magnitude of velocity = ................................................. m s –1 [2]

[Total: 7]
11 An object B is on a horizontal surface. Two forces act on B in this horizontal plane. A
vector diagram for these forces is shown to scale in Fig. 3.1.

Fig. 3.1
A force of 7.5 N towards north and a force of 2.5 N from 30° north of east act on B. The
mass of B is 750 g.

(i) On Fig. 3.1, draw an arrow to show the approximate direction of the resultant of
these two forces.
[1]
(ii) 1. Show that the magnitude of the resultant force on B is 6.6 N.

[1]

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 2. Calculate the magnitude of the acceleration of B produced by this resultant
force.

magnitude = ................................................ m s–2 [2]

(iii) Determine the angle between the direction of the acceleration and the direction
of the 7.5 N force.

angle = ........................................................ ° [1]

12 (a) Explain the differences between the quantities distance and displacement.

......................................................................................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................................................ [2]

(b) State Newton’s first law.

......................................................................................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................................................................ [1]

(c) Two tugs pull a tanker at constant velocity in the direction XY, as represented in Fig.
4.1.

Fig. 4.1
Tug 1 pulls the tanker with a force T1 at 25.0° to XY. Tug 2 pulls the tanker with a force
of T2 at 15.0° to XY. The resultant force R due to the two tugs is 25.0 × 103 N in the
direction XY.

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(i) By reference to the forces acting on the tanker, explain how the tanker may be
described as being in equilibrium.

.....................................................................................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................................................................. [2]

(ii) 1. Complete Fig. 4.2 to draw a vector triangle for the forces R, T1 and T2. [2]

Fig. 4.2
2. Use your vector triangle in Fig. 4.2 to determine the magnitude of T1 and of T2.

T1 = ................................................... N

T2 = .................................................. N

[2]