3886

University of Zululand, Private Bag X1001, KwaDlarngezwa,

W: www.unizulu.ac.za
UNIVERSITY OF
ZULULAND

ENGINEERING
FACULTY OF AGRICULTURE, SCIENCE AND
DEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING

EXAMINATION - FIRST SEMESTER2023

SUBJECT: 5EEE211 - SIGNALS ANDSYSTEMSI

DURATION: 3 HOURS

FULL MARKS: 100

Internal Examiner
Mr Best Khoza

Internal Moderator
Mrs K.O. Awodele.

INSTRUCTIONS:

a) The examination consists of 4questions. Ascertain that this question paper has
4 pages including the cover page. Please answer all questions.

b) This isaclosedbook exam. Alldata needed to solve the problems are given in
this paper. A separate 2-page information sheet is provided with this
examination.

c) Show allthe steps in your calculations.

d) The examination isout of 100marks.

 [25 marks]
Question 1:Signals and Systems Concepts
true or false:
1.1. State whether the following statements are

1.1.1. An energy signal cannot be a

power signal. [1]
discrete-time and analog. [1]
1.1.2. A signal can be both

1.2.
A
linear time-invariant system is represented by the following input-output
relationship shown below in figure 1. Sketch a representation of a
f(t - T). Labelyour diagram clearly. [3]

y ()

Figure 1: Diagram for question 1.2.

1.3. Asignal x(t) isgiven in Figure 2 below, drawthe signals given in questions
1.3.1 to 1.3.4. Label your axes clearly:

0 2

-2 -1
-12

Figure 2: Diagram for question 1.3.

[3]
1.3.1. x(t + 3)
[3|
1.3.2.
(2]
1.3.3. x(t - 1)u(t)
dx (3]
1.3.4. The generalized derivative, dt

cos 5t. [6]

1.4. Calculate the power of a signalx,(t) =10
2
 clearly. [31
1.5. Sketch the graph of a signal x(t) = 4 cos(57tt). Label your diagram

Question 2: Convolution
[25 marks]

2.1. Compute the convolution of the following two signals. [10]

1
1 v(t)
(t)

-1/2 1
0

Figure 3: Diagram for question 2.1.

2.2. Given the following signals f. (t) andfa(t), defined as follows below. Answer
questions 2.2.1. to 2.2.2.

fi(t) = cos t. u(t) and f(t) = u(t).

2.2.1. Findthe convolution of the following two signals. [4]

2.2.2. Draw the signal obtained in 2.2.1. above. Label your diagram clearly. (3]

2.3. List four properties of an LTI system. [4]

the
2.3.2. State the mathematical expressions that can represent at least two of
[2]
properties listed above in 2.3?
applied? (2]
2.4. List any 2 fields in which convolution is

Series [35 marks]

Question 3: Fourier Transform & Fourier
are the conditions for a signal/function to have a Fourier series
3.1. What [3]
representation?
transform of a unit step, u(t) is 8 (w) + 1jo
3.2. Show that the Fourier
pulse signal defined as follows: [5]
transform of a triangular
3.3. Find the Fourier
(1+ t,-1<t<0
{:J
1-t, 0<ts1
otherwise.
0,

representation:
has a Fourier series
3.4. The signal x(t) given below,
 z(t)

2
2
question 3.4
Figure 4: Diagram for

k=0

where D, = 1
x(t) = r-oDr elknt, 1
l sin()e 2
2
e-kn],otherwise.
kn kTI

representation of the above signal? 11

3.4.1. Which format of Fourier series is the
1
3.4.2. Show that |D,| = 4T andangle of D, is 2
What frequency is associated with
this coefficient? [8]

3.5. Find the Fourier transform of a pulse, f(t) with the following properties: a width
of 1, centred around the origin and with an amplitude of 1, using the following steps
in 3.5.1 to 3.5.3 below:
3.5.1. Draw the pulse f(t). Label your diagram clearly and adequately. (3]
3.5.2. Find the Fourier transform F (w) using the Fourier integral. [4]
3.5.3. Draw the graph of Fourier transform F (w) Label your diagram clearly. [(4)

Question 4: Laplace transform [15marks]

4.1. Prove that the Laplace transform of an impulse function 6(t) and a unit step u(t)
are 1and s' respectively. [4]

4.2. State whether the following statementsare true or false:

4.2.1.Afunction that does not have a Fourier transform does not have a Laplace
transform too. [1]
4.2.2. Both Laplace and Fourier transforms are linear operators. [1]

4.3. Find the Laplace transform of the signal:

f(t) = 4 cos(4t) 9sin(4t) + 2cos(10t). [4]
4.4. Find the inverse Laplace transform of F(s) = 1+e-2s
s2+6 [5]
The End
 Signals and Systems I 5EEE211
University of Zululand

5EEE211 Information sheet

CONVOLUTION TABLE
S),0) = f,()"f()
(t-T) f-)
2
u(t)
3 u() u(t) hu(1)
4 e u(t) e ult) -1

e u(t) e u(t) te u(t)

6 te u(t) e u(t) tte u)
n! n!
7
t"u(t) e u(t) -fr- ult)
m!n!
"u() t"u(t)
(n+ m+ )!
1
te u(t)

m!n!
10 t"e u(t) (n + m + 1)!

(-ly' m!(n + j)!

11 e u(t) -t"e u(t)

+
(-1)»n! (m +k)! -r*eu().
(n-k)!(0., -,)"oksl

ecos(Br+0)u()
cos(0- ¢)e -ecos(ßr +0-)
12
va+»)' +g
Q= tan-Bß (a+2))

13 eu) e n(-)
Re ., >Re

14 e u(-) e n-t) -e-eu-)

 5EEE2 12
University of Zululand Signals and Systems |

Fourier transform properties

Transform Pair/Property
Property ux(t) + bu(t) uX (w) + bV (w)
jwe
Linearity r(t - c) 4+ X (w)e
Time shift r(at) + x)
Time scaling X(-w) = X(w)
Time reversal
r(-t) 4+
1"r(t) j" X(w) n = l.2.
Multiplication by power of t wo real
r(t)e 4 X(w-wo )
Frequency shift
r(t) cos(wot) t+ X(w + wo)+ X(w- wo)l
Multiplication by cos(wo t)
Differentiation in time domain T(t) ++ (jw)"" X(w) n= 1,2....
S(A) dA ++ X(w) + nX (0)6 (w)
Integration
Convolution in time domain r(t) * v(t) ++ X(w)V(w)
Multiplication in time domain r(t)u(t) X(w) * V(w)
Parseval's theorem Sr(t)v(t) dt = X(w)V(w)dw
Parseval's theorem (special case) S ( t ) dt = 1X(w)l°dw
Duality X(t) ++ 2nz(-w)

Common Fourier Transform Pairs

r(t) = X(w)ejwt du X(w)= f (t)e-jwt dt

1 (-oo <t< o) 2r8(w)
-0.5 + ult)
u(t)
8(t) 1
-jwe (c any real number)
S(t - c)
ult) Jwt5 (6> 0)
iwot 2r8(w - wo) (wo any rcal number)
Pr (t) Tsinc
TSinc 2mpr (w)
(1- 21) p-t) sine? (7)
;sinc² L4 7 2r (1 - 1i) Pr(w)
cos(wot + 0) ne-3°s(w t wo)+ e°s(w - wo)l
sin(wot + 0) jm<e -°6(w t wo)-e°S(w- wo)
C 6(t - nT')

Trigonometric identities
sin(-0)=-sin(0) cos(-0) = cos(0) tan(-0) = - tan(0) sin² (0) + cos² (0) =1
sin(20) =2sin(0) cos(0) cos( 20) = cos(0) sin² (0) = 2cos ()-1=1-2sin²()
sin(@1 + o2) = sin(01) cos(@2) + cos(e,) sin(e2) cos(01 + @2) = cos(81) cos(2) sin(@1) sin(02)
eje = cos(0) + jsin(0)