Q1: Draw the waveform for x(t):

a) Y(t)=2x(t)
b) Y(t)=-x(t)
c) Y(t)=x(t-1)
d) Y(t)=x(t+1)
e) Y(t)=x(-t)
f) Y(t)=x(2t)
x(t)

-1
t
1 2
-1

Q2: Draw the waveform for x(t):

a) Y(t)=|x(t)|
b) Y(t)=x(|t|)

Q3: Plot the waveform x(t+1) + x(t-1).

-1 1

Q4: Determine the casual and non-casual nature of the following

 a) y(t)=x (-t 2)
b) y(t)=cos (t)
c) y [n] = x [- |x|]
x(2-t) t<25

y(t) = x(t) 25<t<3

x(t-1) t>3

d)
Q5: Check whether the following systems are linear or not.
a) y(t) = mx(t) + c
b) y(t) = mx(t)

Q6: Determine the energy of the signal. Determine the energy of the signal-

A ; 0<t<To
x(t) =
0 ; otherwise

Q7: Find energy of the signal.

) = 𝑒 −𝑎|𝑡| ; 𝑎 ≥ 0
Q8: Determine the mathematical expression of the following signals.

x(t)

t
2
a)
 x(t)

s=0 2
t
0

-2

b)
Q1: Define and give the classification of continuous-time signals and discrete-time signals.
Q2: Define various elementary continuous time signals. Indicate them graphically.
Q3: Explain what are power and energy signals? Explain their relationship with periodicity.
Q4: What do you understand by transformation of the independent variable?
Q5: Discuss various types of systems.
Q6: Explain the concepts of linearity and time-invariance.
2 t
Q7: The convolution of the functions f 1(t )  e u (t ) and f 2(t )  e u (t ) is equal to.
t

Q8: Define periodic and non-periodic signals.

Q1: What is the Fourier series representation of a periodic signal, and how does it help in
analyzing the frequency components of the signal?
Q2: How does the Fourier Transform differ from the Fourier Series, and what types of signals
is it used to analyze?
Q3: Explain the convolution and multiplication properties in the frequency domain. How does
convolution in the time domain correspond to multiplication in the frequency domain, and vice
versa?
Q4: Describe the significance of the magnitude and phase response of a signal in the frequency
domain. How are these used in signal processing?
Q5: What is Fourier domain duality, and how does it relate the time and frequency domains?
Q6: What is the Discrete-Time Fourier Transform (DTFT), and how does it differ from the
Fourier Transform?
Q7: State Parseval's Theorem. How does it relate the total energy of a signal in the time domain
to the frequency domain?
Q8: Give the derivation of exponential form of Fourier series.

Q1: What do you understand by "Laplace Transform"? Also, mention its advantages and
disadvantages. Enlist applications of Laplace transform.
Q2: Write the Laplace transforms of:
 i. Unit impulse
ii. Unit step
iii. Unit ramp and
iv. Parabolic functions.
Q3: Find Laplace Transform of following functions:
i) eat U(t) ii) U(t)
iii) sin ωt iv) cos ωt
Q4: State and prove convolution theorem in Laplace domain.
( s  4)
Q5: Find Laplace inverse of the function:
(2 s 2  5s  3)

Q6: Using Laplace transform, solve differential equation:

2 x(t )  7 x(t )  6 x  0

where, x(0)  0 , and x(0)  1

Q7: A system has impulse response h(t) = e-2t u(t). Find its system function and the output if
the input to the system is x(t) = e- t u(t).
Q8: Explain poles and zeros of a function and determine the same of the following function:
( s  4)
(2 s 2  5s  3)

Q1: What is Transfer Function? Also, derive the expression for transfer function of a state
model.
Q2: Define state transition matrix. Explain the properties of state transition matrix.
Q3: Obtain the response of the system:
 0 1 2 1 0
𝑋˙ = [ ]𝑋 + [ ] 𝑈(𝑡), 𝑋(0) = [ ]
−2 −3 0 1 0
1 0
and 𝑌(𝑡) = [ ]𝑋
1 1
𝑢1 (𝑡) 𝑢(𝑡)
to the following input 𝑈(𝑡) = [ ] = [ −3𝑡 ] where, 𝑢(𝑡) is a unit step function.
𝑢2 (𝑡) 𝑒 𝑢(𝑡)
Q4: Define controllability and observability in state variable analysis with suitable example.
Q5: Obtain the state transition matrix of a system given by:

 1 5 
 2 2 
 
 1 7 
 
 2 2 

Q6: Discuss concept of Z-transform and ROC.

Q7: What is the difference between the Z-transform and the Laplace transform? Explain.
Q8: Find the Z-transform of the following sequences:
i. x1[n]={1,2,3,4,5,0,7}
ii. x2[n]={1,2,3,4,5,0,7}