POWER SYSTEM ANALYSIS.

UNIT I INTRODUCTION Modern power system (or) electric energy system - Analysis for system planning and operational studies basic components of a power system. Generator models - transformer model transmission system model - load representation. Single line diagram per phase and per unit representation change of base. Simple building algorithms for the formation of Y-Bus matrix and Z-Bus matrix. UNIT II POWER FLOW ANALYSIS Importance of power flow analysis in planning and operation of power systems. Statement of power flow problem - classification of buses into P-Q buses, P-V (voltagecontrolled) buses and slack bus. Development of Power flow model in complex variables form and polar variables form. Iterative solution using GaussSeidel method including Q-limit check for voltagecontrolled buses algorithm and flow chart. Iterative solution using Newton-Raphson (N-R) method (polar form) including Q-limit check and bus switching for voltage-controlled buses Jacobian matrix elements algorithm and flow chart. Development of Fast Decoupled Power Flow (FDPF) model and iterative solution algorithm and flowchart; Comparison of the three methods. UNIT III FAULT ANALYSIS BALANCED FAULTS Importance short circuit (or) for fault analysis - basic assumptions in fault analysis of power systems. Symmetrical (or) balanced three phase faults problem formulation fault analysis using Z-bus matrix algorithm and flow chart. Computations of short circuit capacity, post fault voltage and currents. UNIT IV FAULT ANALYSIS UNBALANCED FAULTS Introduction to symmetrical components sequence impedances sequence networks representation of single line to ground, line to line and double line to ground fault conditions. Unbalanced fault analysis - problem formulation analysis using Z-bus impedance matrix (algorithm and flow chart.). UNIT V STABILITY ANALYSIS Importance of stability analysis in power system planning and operation classification of power system stability - angle and voltage stability simple treatment of angle stability into small-signal and large-signal (transient) stability Single Machine Infinite Bus (SMIB) system: Development of swing equation equal area criterion - determination of critical clearing angle and time by using modified Euler method and Runge-Kutta second order method. Algorithm and flow chart.

SOLID STATE DRIVES

UNIT I DRIVE CHARACTERISTICS Equations governing motor load dynamics - steady state stability - Multi quadrant dynamics - Acceleration, deceleration, starting and stopping - load torque characteristics of various drives. UNIT II CONVERTER / CHOPPER FED DC MOTOR DRIVE Steady state analysis of the single and three phase fully controlled converter fed separately excited D.C motor drive - Continuous and discontinuous conduction Time ratio and current limit control - 4 quadrant operation of converter. UNIT III DESIGN OF CONTROLLERS FOR DRIVES Transfer function for DC motor, load and converter Closed loop control with current and speed feedback - Armature voltage control and field weakening mode control, Design of controllers: Current controller and speed controller Converter selection and characteristics - Use of simulation software package. UNIT IV INDUCTION MOTOR DRIVES Stator voltage control energy efficient drive - v/f control, constant air-gap flux field weakening mode - voltage/current fed inverters - Block diagram of vector control - closed loop control. UNIT V SYNCHRONOUS MOTOR DRIVES V/f control and self-control of synchronous motor Marginal angle control and power factor control - Permanent magnet synchronous motor Black diagram of closed loop control.

HIGH VOLTAGE ENGINEERING

UNIT I OVER VOLTAGES IN ELECTRICAL POWER SYSTEMS Causes of over voltages and its effects on power system Lightning, switching surges and temporary over voltages protection against over voltages Bewleys lattice diagram. UNIT II ELECTRICAL BREAKDOWN IN GASES, SOLIDS AND LIQUIDS Gaseous breakdown in uniform and non-uniform fields Corona discharges Vacuum breakdown Conduction and breakdown in pure and commercial liquids Breakdown mechanisms in solid and composite dielectrics. UNIT III GENERATION OF HIGH VOLTAGES AND HIGH CURRENTS Generation of High DC, AC, impulse voltages and currents. Tripping and control of impulse generators. UNIT IV MEASUREMENT OF HIGH VOLTAGES AND HIGH CURRENTS Measurement of High voltages and High currents Digital techniques in high voltage measurement. UNIT V HIGH VOLTAGE TESTING & INSULATION COORDINATION High voltage testing of electrical power apparatus Power frequency, impulse voltage and DC testing International and Indian standards Insulation Coordination.

MICROPROCESSOR AND MICROCONTROLLER

UNIT I 8085 and 8086 PROCESSOR Hardware Architecture pintouts - Signals Memory interfacing I/O ports and data transfer concepts Timing Diagram Interrupt structure. UNIT II PROGRAMMING OF 8085 PROCESSOR Instruction format and addressing modes Assembly language format Data transfer, data manipulation & control instructions Programming: Loop structure with counting & Indexing - Look up table - Subroutine instructions - stack. UNIT III PERIPHERAL INTERFACING Study of Architecture and programming of ICs: 8255 PPI, 8259 PIC, 8251 USART, 8279 Key board display controller and 8253 Timer/ Counter Interfacing with 8085 - A/D and D/A converter interfacing. UNIT IV 8051 MICRO CONTROLLER Functional block diagram - Instruction format and addressing modes Timing Diagram Interrupt structure Timer I/O ports Serial communication. UNIT V MICRO CONTROLLER PROGRAMMING & APPLICATIONS Data Transfer, Manipulation, Control & I/O instructions Simple programming exercises key board and display interface Closed loop control of servo motorstepper motor control - Washing Machine Control.

DESIGN OF ELECTRICAL MACHINES

UNIT I INTRODUCTION Major considerations in Electrical Machine Design - Electrical Engineering Materials Space factor Choice of Specific Electrical and Magnetic loadings Thermal considerations - Heat flow Temperature rise - Rating of machines Standard specifications. UNIT II DC MACHINES Output Equations Main Dimensions - Magnetic circuit calculations Carters Coefficient - Net length of Iron Real & Apparent flux densities Selection of number of poles Design of Armature Design of commutator and brushes performance prediction using design values. UNIT III TRANSFORMERS Output Equations Main Dimensions - KVA output for single and three phase transformers Window space factor Overall dimensions Operating characteristics Regulation No load current Temperature rise in Transformers Design of Tank - Methods of cooling of Transformers. UNIT IV INDUCTION MOTORS Output equation of Induction motor Main dimensions Length of air gap- Rules for selecting rotor slots of squirrel cage machines Design of rotor bars & slots Design of end rings Design of wound rotor - Magnetic leakage calculations Leakage reactance of polyphase machines- Magnetizing current - Short circuit current Circle diagram - Operating characteristics. UNIT V SYNCHRONOUS MACHINES Output equations choice of loadings Design of salient pole machines Short circuit ratio shape of pole face Armature design Armature parameters Estimation of air gap length Design of rotor Design of damper winding Determination of full load field mmf Design of field winding Design of turbo alternators Rotor design.

COMPUTER NETWORKS

UNIT I Introduction to networks network architecture network performance Direct link networks encoding framing error detection transmission Ethernet Rings FDDI - Wireless networks Switched networks bridges UNIT II Internetworking IP - ARP Reverse Address Resolution Protocol Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol Internet Control Message Protocol Routing Routing algorithms Addressing Subnetting CIDR Inter domain routing IPv6 UNIT III Transport Layer User Datagram Protocol (UDP) Transmission Control Protocol Congestion control Flow control Queuing Disciplines Congestion Avoidance Mechanisms. UNIT IV Data Compression introduction to JPEG, MPEG, and MP3 cryptography symmetric-key public-key authentication key distribution key agreement PGP SSH Transport layer security IP Security wireless security Firewalls UNIT V Domain Name System (DNS) E-mail World Wide Web (HTTP) Simple Network Management Protocol File Transfer Protocol (FTP) Web Services Multimedia Applications Overlay networks

PROFESSIONAL ETHICS IN ENGINEERING.

UNIT I ENGINEERING ETHICS Senses of Engineering Ethics Variety of moral issues Types of inquiry Moral dilemmas Moral Autonomy Kohlbergs theory Gilligans theory Consensus and Controversy Professions and Professionalism Professional Ideals and Virtues Uses of Ethical Theories UNIT II ENGINEERING AS SOCIAL EXPERIMENTATION Engineering as Experimentation Engineers as responsible Experimenters Research Ethics - Codes of Ethics Industrial Standards - A Balanced Outlook on Law The Challenger Case Study UNIT III ENGINEERS RESPONSIBILITY FOR SAFETY Safety and Risk Assessment of Safety and Risk Risk Benefit Analysis Reducing Risk The Government Regulators Approach to Risk - Chernobyl Case Studies and Bhopal UNIT IV RESPONSIBILITIES AND RIGHTS Collegiality and Loyalty Respect for Authority Collective Bargaining Confidentiality Conflicts of Interest Occupational Crime Professional Rights Employee Rights Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) - Discrimination UNIT V GLOBAL ISSUES Multinational Corporations Business Ethics - Environmental Ethics Computer Ethics - Role in Technological Development Weapons Development Engineers as Managers Consulting Engineers Engineers as Expert Witnesses and Advisors Honesty Moral Leadership Sample Code of Conduct