Synthetic Seismogram

Objectives

Make Well Section

Quality check and edit logs
Create an Estimated log
Import Check shots
Correct sonic log and establish Time-Depth relation
Make Acoustic Impedance log and Reflection Coefficient Series
Generate Synthetic and Extracted Wavelets
Produce Synthetic Seismogram
Compare seismogram with real well seismic
Manual adjustment and event picking
Display of synthetic trace in 3D window
Make well section

1. Select New well

section window from
the Window menu 3

2. Expand the Wells

folder and select the
2
appropriate wells
1

3. Expand the Global

well logs folder and
select the available
logs to use

4. Color fill logs by

using the Create/edit
curve fill tool

4
Process overview
1. Select wells

2. Sonic correction
1
3. Time/Depth lookup

4. AI log and RC series

5. Generate Wavelet

6. Synthetic Seismogram

7. Correlate Seismic

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7
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Log input and QC
GR Sonic Density Caliper CS
1
1. Input data to Synthetics;
Logs:
Sonic [s/ft]
Density [gr/cm3]
Check shots (CS):
Check Shot Survey (or)
VSP
Additional logs (optional):
GR [API]
Caliper [Hole diameter]
Any other

2. Bad logs must be edited

Estimate logs if missing
Splice log intervals
Manual editing 2
Log editing
GR Sonic
1. From Global well logs 2. Make expression
Right click on DT and Sonic_despiked=DT
select Calculator 3. Use sonic as template
4. Sample MD from log
and select DT as input
5. Click Enter

1 2 3
4

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Log editing - Despike

1. From Global well 2. Change Action #1 to Despike

logs Right click on 3. Use default parameters
Sonic_despiked and 4. Run and view the result in well section
select Log editor 5. Undo and adjust parameters if not satisfied

Sonic Despiked
1
2

5 4
Log estimation Make density from sonic

1. Right click on the well where 2. Click on Use existing, select Global Well Log from the list
an estimated log should be 3. Set Action #1 to Density from Sonic
generated 4. Select Input Log
5. Apply default parameters
1
Sonic Est.density

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Process diagram

1. Double click on the 2. Move the mouse over each 3. Select wells to work
Synthetics process under of the different icons to see with and a well section
Stratigraphic modeling hints on how to use them to display any results in

2
3

Opens settings page for the object

Create a new object

Opens the spreadsheet for the object

Well selection

1. Select a single well or the 2. Working with one well only 3. Clicking None in the Wells
Wells folder to work with deactivates the Wells tab tab, activates the separate
from the drop down menu selection well selection list

2
1 3
Load checkshots

1. Right click on Wells folder and use 3. Make sure Files of type is correct
Import (on selection)
4. Access the files by clicking Open
2. Select file(s) to import

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1

3
Load checkshots
1. Fit input parameters (A) to file (B) 5. Right click on checkshots to open the spreadsheet

2. Connect to welltrace 6. Change depth from MD to TVD. Compare TVD and

TWT with input file(s) and other time/depth information
3. Correct data (if needed)

4. OK (one file) or OK For All (two or

more files if in same format)
5
1

A 6

B
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Sonic correction
1. Do the Sonic correction based on
original sonic and check shots

2. Use the generated corrected

sonic as input in the process
Check Shot Survey Sonic Log T.D.R.

Tim
e

1
2

Dept
h
 Well time/depth relation

1. Well TDR is defined by generating 3. Rearrange the priority list using the blue up/down
global time log(s) arrows. Mark (green tick) objects to select from

2. Open Settings for Global time. 4. Click on Execute to generate the global time log

2
5. Click on Shared
checkshots, select
and drop in a source
3 well from the Well
filter of a checkshots
item. Execute
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1
2

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 Acoustic impedance and Reflection coefficient series
1. In the Seismogram tab, click on 4. Select density and sonic log onput
Create synthetic seismogram
5. From the Acoustic impedance pull down
2. Select Density to use menu, select the newly created log

3. Click on create new object icon to 6. Click on the Create new object icon for
generate an Acoustic impedance Reflection Coefficients. Select AI log for
log. Settings opens for selection input and use the new log as input for RC

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6
2
3
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Synthetic wavelet
1. Create new object for Wavelet. Open
Settings for it 1

2. Select Synthetic type of seismogram

3 Ricker
3. Select which Synthetic wavelet to use

4. Set parameters 2 Ormsby

3
dependent on Phase
the selected
Synthetic 4
Klauder
Wavelet shape

Amplitude

Butterworth
Extracted wavelet
1. Select Extracted type of 4
seismogram
3b
Bartlett
2. From Input pane, select
seismic data and Well. Drop 1
both ino the dialog box using
the drop in arrows Cosine 2 Phase
4
3. a) Set Neighborhood extent for 3a
3D seismic b) If 2D lines are Amplitude
used, set number of traces
Hamming
4. Select Taper window type

5. Alternative type of seismogram Wavelet shape

is loaded from file
Hanning 5

6. Import the file in the Input pane

and open it in the dialog box 6

7. Set Time unit Papoulis 7

Synthetic seismogram

1. Click on the Synthetic seismogram

pull down menu to view its content

1
2. Reflection coefficients and wavelet
is input when Apply or OK is clicked

Signal:
S=R*Wavel
et

2
=
*
 Well seismic extraction
1. In the Well seismic tab, check 2. From the input pane, click on the seismic data
the Create well seismic box object and drop it in using the drop in arrow

3. a) Select which extraction method to use, Radial or Orbital (3D)

b) Set number of traces to use along seismic line (2D)

4. Set appropiate parameters for method chosen.

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2
3a
4

3b
Synthetic seismogram settings

1. After generation of the synthetic seismogram, open Settings from the Shynthetics process dialog box
2. Open Synthetic seismogram tab and set Number of traces to 3. Set Peak frequency Action to
Sequence and type in 20 25 30. Apply and view the result in the well section
3. Open the 2D Style tab and select Show wiggles. Fill in the preferred parameters

3
 Synthetic seismogram spreadsheet

1. From the Input pane, right click on the Synthetics folder and select spreadsheet
4
2. Filter on a single well and set the Domain to work in (e.g. TWT)
3. Specify Step and Use limit Min. and Max. to filter the spreadsheet

4. Color fill the spreadsheet

for visual aid to identify
features not easily seen

3
2
Manual adjustment

1. Under the Sonic and time tab, with 3. Updated TWT Picked values can be entered. Click Apply in the
Overide global time log(s) active, spreadsheet to store the manually entered values
check the Manual adjustment box
4. Applying the manual adjustment in the Synthetics process will
2. Open the Well tops spreadsheet update the TWT auto values to fit the TWT picked values

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Manual adjustment
5. Undo the Manual adjustment 8. Apply the Manual adjustment and
observe the effect in the Well section
6. In the Well section find a well
top which needs adjustment

7 Create/edit well tops To edit well tops in time, click and

7. Activate the Edit well top time
move the well top line to a desired
from the icon bar to the right
Show well top time position. The TWT picked value in
the Well top spreadsheet will
Edit well top time update accordingly

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3D display
1. Since a time/depth relationship is 3. Change time/depth settings to TWT. Alternate
established in some wells, Synthetics between TWT and TVD
and Extracted seismic can be
displayed in both time and depth

2. Open up an existing 3D window and 2

display seismic lines together with
wells, well tops, logs, synthetics and 3
extracted seismic

2
EXERCISE
Synthetic Seismogram