Personal Protective Equipment

Course Objectives
 Perform workplace assessments
 List criteria for selection
 Explain proper use, care, and
maintenance
 List training requirements
 Explain documentation for OSHA
compliance
We will not address:
 Respiratory protection
 Electrical devices
 Bloodborne pathogens
 Ergonomic concerns
 Fall protection
Hierarchy of Controls

Re-engineering
Hazardous Work Process

Redesign or re-engineer the work

process so as to eliminate the
hazard.
Hazardous Substances

Replace it with a less hazardous one

or eliminate it altogether
Hierarchy of Controls

Administrative
Administrative Assignment

Administratively assign two or more

personnel to the hazardous process or
exposure thereby exposing them to
acceptable levels based upon an 8 hour
TWA
 Hierarchy of Controls

Personal Protective Equipment

 PPE Control

PPE should only be considered

when engineering and administrative
controls are unworkable or
impractical.
 Why?
 Lack of or improper training
 Misunderstanding of training
 Improper fit
 Improper care, cleaning and storage
 Health factors
 Non enforcement of PPE policies
 PPE Assessment Areas

Hazardous Process Effect / Body Parts Affected PPE

or Exposure
PPE Hazard Assessment

Hazard Categories
Hazard categories
 Impact(falling objects or potential for
dropping objects)

 Penetration

 Compression

 Chemical
Hazard categories continued

 Heat/cold
 Abrasion
 Harmful dust
 Light (optical) radiation
Head Protection
Head Protection
 Penetrability
 Electrical
Protection
 Construction
 Materials
 Labeling
 Flammability
Types of Head Protection
 Type 1 - Helmets  Class E - Reduce
have full brims impact, high voltage
 Type 2 - Helmets electrical protection
have peak but no  Class C - Reduce
brim impact, no electrical
 Class G - Reduce protection
impact, low voltage
electrical protection
Helmet Labeling
Helmets must be labeled as follows:

Manufacturer’s Name
ANSI Z89.1 - 2003
Class C, G, and E
Helmet Selection Criteria
• Degree of hazard
• Type of hazard
• Chemicals to which the helmet might be
exposed
• Electrical hazards
• Protective devices that may be attached
• Any other job or site specific hazard
Conditions to Avoid
 Wearing backwards without reason
 Wearing backwards without reversing
suspension
 Wearing unapproved headgear
underneath
 Painting the helmet
 Altering suspension or shell
Inspection
 Before use
 After served their purpose
 Check suspension
 Check shell for cracks, dents or breaks
Maintenance
 Clean with mild detergent and clean
water
 No solvents
 Discard if shell is defective
 Replace suspension if defective
Eye and Face Protection
Eye & Face Protection
 Eye protection - Safety glasses and
goggles
 Face protection - Faceshields
 Welding protection - Faceshields and
goggles
Eye Protection Requirements
 Frame impact
 Lens impact
 Lens penetrability
 Optical acuity
 Flammability and
corrosion
resistance
 Cleanability
Face Protection Requirements
 Impact resistance
 Penetrability
 Optical acuity
 Haze
 Transmittance
 Flammability and corrosion resistance
 Cleanability
Welding:
Faceshields and Goggles
 Must meet all
criteria for eye
protection
devices plus light
tightness
Selection:
Eye and Face Protection
 Several styles should be available
 Suited for the job to be performed
 Welding - proper shade for materials
and type of welding
 Safety sunglasses and photochromatic
lenses - if no hazard created
 Special hazards - special protection
Inspection and Maintenance
 Priorto each use
 Check frames or headband
 Check lenses or faceshield
 Welding - check tint
 Protect from damage
 Keep clean
Hearing Protection
When is protection needed?
 Must be provided to employees
exposed at or above
85 dBA (8hr TWA)
 Must be worn by all employees
exposed at or above
90 dBA (8hr TWA)
Hearing Protector Attenuation
 Defined as:
the reduction of
sound pressure
levels
 NRR
Noise Reduction
Rating
Noise Reduction Rating
 Willbe displayed on the packaging of
hearing protection
 NRR’s used to estimate attenuation of
hearing protection
Appendix B 1910.95
Attenuation Criteria
 Allhearing protection must reduce
exposures to at least an 8hr TWA of 90
dBA

 For employees with a Standard

Threshold Shift, exposures must be
reduced to an 8hr TWA of 85 dBA or
less
Types of Hearing Protection
 Ear Plugs
 Semi-aural Devices
 Ear Muffs
Hearing Protectors
 Available in many types and sizes
– premolded
– formable
– custom-molded
 Employees must be given a variety of
types and sizes to choose from
Use and Care
 All hearing protection must be initially fit
when dispensed
 Inspect hearing protection prior to use
for degradation, missing parts, and
cleanliness
Cleaning Hearing Protection
 Most hearing protectors are designed to
be disposable, so for re-usable types:
– Most may be cleaned with a mild soap
solution; allow to completely dry before re-
using
 Earmuffs may be surfaced cleaned
with mild soap and water
Hand Protection
Hand Protection
CFR 29 1910.138
 Chemical absorption and burns
 Cuts, abrasion, and punctures
 Thermal burns and temperature
extremes
Job Hazard Analysis

 Assign competent, responsible

persons
 Obtain written job descriptions
 Assemble relevant MSDS
 Assemble relevant injury and
accident reports
 Observe tasks and note hazards
MSDS Review

 Note chemicals listing skin as target

organ
 Watch for ‘skin’ notation in
ingredients list
 Note terms such as irritation,
defatting, caustic, dermatitis,
dermatoses
 Red flags: acids, bases, solvents
Accident and Injury Review

 Analyze 300 log

 Review relevant BWC FROI
and/or OSHA 301 forms
 Review in-house accident
investigation forms
 Review first aid logs
 Analyze comp costs from BWC
MREE
 Observation of Tasks for
Chemical Hazards
 Do hands come into contact with
chemicals which may harm or penetrate
the skin?
 Are there residual chemicals present on
parts or materials as a result of prior
processes?
 Is skin contact with chemicals prolonged
or repeated?
 Observation of Tasks
for Physical Hazards
 Are parts/materials/tools:
– hot or cold, potentially causing discomfort or
injury?
– have sharp or pointed edges which may
cause cuts or punctures in skin or gloves?
– rough or abrasive?
– slippery or awkward to handle?
– moving when hand contact occurs?
 Is compressed air used in the process?
Foot Protection
Foot Protection
 Toe box impact resistance
 Toe box compression resistance
 Metatarsal protection when required
 Electrical protection
 Sole puncture resistance
 Static dissipative footwear
Labeling of Footwear
 Female shoe
 Impact and

compression
protection
 ASTM F2412 –

F2413
Labeling of Footwear
 Male shoe
 Impact and

compression
protection with
puncture
resistance
 ASTM F2412 -

F2413
Foot Protection - Selection
 Type of work
 Presence of hot materials
 Potential for sole penetration
 Need for electrical protection
 Need to dissipate static
 Presence of chemicals
Inspection and Maintenance
 Inspection - prior to use, especially
critical if footwear offers electrical
protection
 Maintenance - Per manufacturers
recommendations
 Note: Employer not required to provide
Whole Body Protection
Whole Body Protection
 Handling
chemicals
 Hot materials
 Welding
 General
 Heat stress
 Cold stress
Handling Chemicals
 Chemical suits
 Aprons
 Gloves
 Boots
 Respirators
 Face and eye protection
Hot Materials
 Naturalfibers
 Long sleeves
 Long pants
 Leather shoes
 Gloves
 Aprons
Welding
 Aprons  Naturalfibers
 Gloves  Long pants
 Sleeves  Leather shoes
 Leather jackets
General Body Protection
 Hazards  Prevention
Skin cancer Long pants
Cuts Shirts
Abrasions Sunscreen
Sunburn Repellent
Frostbite Barrier creams
Insects
Heat Stress
 Proper clothing
 Water
 Acclimatization
 Diet
 Symptom Recognition
 No alcohol
Cold Stress
 Proper clothing
 Diet
 Acclimatization
 Symptom
recognition
 Stay dry
 No alcohol
Use

Follow all safety rules

and manufacturers
recommendations
Inspection
 Articlesdesigned as PPE should be
inspected in accordance with
manufacturers specification

 Otherarticles should be inspected for

appropriateness to the situation
Maintenance
 Maintenance of items of PPE should be
accomplished in accordance with
manufacturers recommendations

 Articlesof personal clothing should be

cleaned frequently to remove irritating
or dangerous substances and allow the
clothing to perform it’s function
In conclusion….
 The EMPLOYER is responsible for:
Completing a PPE assessment for each
employee, and
Providing PPE to employees, except for
prescription glasses and some types of
footwear.
 The EMPLOYEE is responsible for:
Making the employer aware of their needs,
and
Using and maintaining PPE properly.
Summary