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THEORIES On The Origin of The State

The document outlines several theories on the origin of the state: 1) Divine Right Theory - States originated from ancient kings who were also military leaders and had divine authority from God. 2) Social Contract Theory - States formed when people living without rules in a "state of nature" came together and agreed to be governed by a leader in exchange for order and security. 3) Force Theory - Some believe states originated through conquest and coercion, with "might making right." The document then discusses additional theories such as the State arising naturally from evolution of the family (Patriarchal Theory) or to satisfy economic needs (Economic Theory).

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Aiza San Pedro Santos
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2K views14 pages

THEORIES On The Origin of The State

The document outlines several theories on the origin of the state: 1) Divine Right Theory - States originated from ancient kings who were also military leaders and had divine authority from God. 2) Social Contract Theory - States formed when people living without rules in a "state of nature" came together and agreed to be governed by a leader in exchange for order and security. 3) Force Theory - Some believe states originated through conquest and coercion, with "might making right." The document then discusses additional theories such as the State arising naturally from evolution of the family (Patriarchal Theory) or to satisfy economic needs (Economic Theory).

Uploaded by

Aiza San Pedro Santos
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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THEORIES

ON THE ORIGIN
OF THE STATE
1. Divine Right Theory
• The development of kingship among the
ancient Hebrews who were also military
leaders brought about the outlines of a formal
state although the activities of a “state” during
this biblical period were performed in a
different manner, but the sophisticated
performance of the activities were more or
less the same.
1. Divine Right Theory
• The divine right theory may be considered as
the oldest of the theories stated that the
authority to govern the people was regarded
by God upon rulers who were regarded as
having divine descent.
• Example: Japan- the very first emperor Jimmu
Tenno is a direct descendant of the Sun
Goddess Amaterasu
2. Social Contract Theory

• This became popular during the 17th


th
and 18 centuries.
• This theory explained that the state
was formed by means of social
contract of men who lived in a state of
nature.
2. Social Contract Theory
• The “State of Nature” meant that men
lived together without any superbody
to establish peace and order and
settle conflicts.
• The social contract theory gave the
people the impetus for an empowered
state.
2. Social Contract Theory
• The major premise is that people who
form the state give a mandate to a
person to rule upon them on the
grounds that the said chosen leader
will dutifully serve the people of the
state.
2. Social Contract Theory
• If the time comes that the chosen leader
fails too perform these tasks mandated of
him, the people in order to protect
themselves and the state may be united
and overthrow the leader and in his place
choose another with the same “contract”
that he will lead for and in behalf of the
people.
3. The Force Theory
• According to this theory, the state came into
existence out of conquest, force of coercion.
• The force theory, otherwise called the “might
makes right” doctrine was believed by some
political philosophers of the ancient, middle
and modern ages as what made up the state.
4. The Natural Theory (Aristotelian Theory)
• It holds that the state was a natural institution
and not an abstract of artificial being. The
state is man writ large.
• This theory is called the organic theory
referring to the perspectives of the ancient
Greeks that the state is like an organism, it is
born, and it grows, develops and matures.
4. The Natural Theory (Aristotelian Theory)
• Like an organism also, what is felt in one part
of the body is felt by the whole body. In case
of the state, what is happening in one part of
the state, like natural calamities in one area or
an institutional problem also affects the entire
State.
5. The Patriarchal Theory
• Sociologists and anthropologists maintain that
the state arose through process of evolution.
• At the beginning, the state evolved from the
smallest unit of society- the Family.
• Gradually, the family headed by a parent
enlarged into a clan and later on, the clan
expanded into a tribe, the tribe into a nation
and a nation into a state.
6. The Instinctive Theory
• The advocates of this theory
claimed that the state was created
because of the natural inclination
of men towards political
association.
6. The Economic Theory
• The advocates of this theory believe
that states were organized to satisfy
man’s economic needs.
• The state will provide them their
material needs that will satisfy their
demands.
6. The Economic Theory
• The necessity arose from the fact that
the economic needs of the people can
only be provided for by an organized
institution like the government which is
essentially a part of the State.

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